CN102519165B - Triple-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device - Google Patents
Triple-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519165B CN102519165B CN201210001102.6A CN201210001102A CN102519165B CN 102519165 B CN102519165 B CN 102519165B CN 201210001102 A CN201210001102 A CN 201210001102A CN 102519165 B CN102519165 B CN 102519165B
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- pressure generator
- solution
- high pressure
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- heat exchanger
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triple-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device, which comprises a high-pressure generator, a middle-pressure generator, a low-pressure generator, an absorber, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a middle-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat exchanger, an evaporator, a condenser, a throttle valve, a solution pump and the like. An inverse series connection circulation mode is adopted, high-temperature smoke gas heats concentrated solution in the high-pressure generator, generated high-temperature refrigerant steam is used as a heat source of the middle-pressure generator, refrigerant steam generated by the middle-pressure generator is used as a heat source of the low-pressure generator, lithium bromide solution sequentially passes through the low-pressure generator, the middle-pressure generator and the high-pressure generator to be heated, the temperature and the concentration of the lithium bromide solution are simultaneously and gradually raised, the matching of the characteristic of gradual raising along the temperature of the heating heat sources is reached, and the reasonable utilization of energy in different grades is realized. In addition, the high-concentration solution is properly diluted before entering the low-temperature heat exchanger, the air bleeding range of a refrigerating unit can be improved, and the crystallization is effectively prevented, so the refrigerating quaintly and the performance coefficient of the unit are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigerating plant, particularly a kind of triple-effect lithium bromide, belongs to Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering applied technical field.
Background technology
Absorption refrigerating equipment is with heat-driven, adopt binary or polynary working medium pair, evaporation and condensation with low boiling component (cold-producing medium) realize refrigeration and heat, and with high boiling component (absorbent), to cold-producing medium, absorption and desorption complete whole circulation.The main distinction of Absorption Refrigerator and compression refrigerating machine is: Absorption Refrigerator consumption be heat energy, and compression-type refrigeration agent consumption is merit, absorber used for absorbing refrigerator, solution pump and generator replace compressor, absorber is equivalent to the breathing process of compressor, the refrigerant vapour generating in evaporimeter is constantly pumped out, to maintain the low pressure in evaporimeter, solution pump is equivalent to the compression process of compressor, generator is equivalent to the exhaust process of compressor, ceaselessly discharges the refrigerant vapour of high pressure, high temperature.
Lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine can utilize used heat because of it, economize on electricity, can alleviate power tense and the more rich contradiction of combustion gas in summer, and operation is quiet, and refrigerating capacity adjustable range is wide, and its working medium used is to being lithium bromide water solution, refrigeration working medium is water, odorless, nontoxic, the advantages such as ozone layer does not destroy are developed rapidly.
But lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine has obvious deficiency aspect effectively the utilizing of the energy compared with compression refrigerating machine, economizes on electricity not energy-conservation.The coefficient of refrigerating performance of production at present and the single-action using, dual-efficiency type lithium bromide absorption type refrigerator is lower.Although the high pressure generator of direct-fired lithiumbromide absorption refrigerating machine is to heat with high-temperature flue gas, but in order to prevent concentrated solution crystallization in low temperature heat exchanger, the concentration of concentrated solution can not be too high, thereby the venting scope of unit is restricted, and the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration unit and coefficient of refrigerating performance all cannot further improve.Therefore the triple effect lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine that research and development has a superior performance coefficient has become the common problem of paying close attention in various countries.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of venting scope that can improve refrigeration unit is provided, rationally utilizing thermal source, to improve the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration unit and the triple-effect lithium bromide of the coefficient of performance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of triple-effect lithium bromide, comprise the lithium-bromide solution circulatory system and the water as refrigerant circulatory system, the described lithium-bromide solution circulatory system comprises high pressure generator, middle pressure generator, low pressure generator, absorber, high-temperature heat exchanger, in warm interchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, choke valve and solution pump, described absorber, low pressure generator, middle pressure generator and high pressure generator are connected successively by pipeline, the gas outlet of described high pressure generator is provided with high pressure condenser pipe, the gas outlet of described middle pressure generator is provided with middle pressure condenser pipe, the gas outlet of described low pressure generator is provided with tube connector, described tube connector is connected with described absorber by the water as refrigerant circulatory system, described high pressure condenser pipe is communicated with described middle pressure condenser pipe by choke valve through middle pressure generator, described middle pressure condenser pipe is communicated with described tube connector by choke valve through low pressure generator.
In the present invention, the described water as refrigerant circulatory system comprises evaporimeter and condenser, and described tube connector is connected with described condenser, and described condenser is connected with described evaporimeter, described evaporimeter is provided with steam pipe and is communicated with described absorber, in described evaporimeter, is provided with refrigerant water system.
In the present invention, on the pipeline being communicated with between described absorber and described low pressure generator, described low pressure generator and described middle pressure generator, described middle pressure generator and high pressure generator, solution pump is installed.
In the present invention, between the drain pipe of described high pressure generator and described absorber drain pipe, low temperature heat exchanger is installed, warm interchanger in being provided with between the drain pipe of described high pressure generator and described low pressure generator drain pipe, is provided with high-temperature heat exchanger between the drain pipe of described high pressure generator and described middle pressure generator drain pipe.
In the present invention, be communicated with a tributary pipe on the drain pipe of described absorber, described tributary pipe is communicated with the drain pipe of described high pressure generator.
In the present invention, on the pipeline that described condenser is communicated with described evaporimeter, choke valve is installed, on the drain pipe of described absorber and described tributary pipe, choke valve is installed, on the drain pipe of described high pressure generator, choke valve is installed.In the present invention, in described absorber, be provided with spray equipment, described spray equipment is communicated with solution in described absorber by spray pump, in described evaporimeter, is provided with spray equipment, and described spray equipment is communicated with solution in described evaporimeter by spray pump.
In the present invention, in described high pressure generator, be provided with thermal source.
Adopt such scheme, the present invention mainly contains following innovative point:
1. adopt the endless form of contrary series connection.Lithium-bromide solution according to low temperature heat exchanger, low pressure generator, in the order of warm interchanger, middle pressure generator, high-temperature heat exchanger and high pressure generator flow into successively, form the endless form of contrary series connection.
2. the heat source of high pressure generator is high-temperature flue gas.The heat source of middle pressure generator is the refrigerant vapour producing in high pressure generator, and the heat source of low pressure generator is the refrigerant vapour producing in middle pressure generator.The temperature of lithium-bromide solution and concentration synchronously raise gradually, and heat source temperature used also progressively raises.Realize the reasonable utilization to different grade energy, improve the coefficient of performance of unit.
3. high-temperature flue gas heating is the concentrated solution in high pressure generator, what produce is the solution of high concentration, higher than the fluid concentration of the high pressure generator in economic benefits and social benefits directly burning lithium bromide refrigerator group, improve the venting scope of refrigeration unit, effectively raise refrigerating capacity and the coefficient of performance of refrigeration unit.
4. on the drain pipe due to absorber, be communicated with a tributary pipe, tributary pipe is communicated with the drain pipe of described high pressure generator, the low concentration solution entering from tributary pipe like this mixes with high pressure generator highly concentrated solution out, play the effect of diluting high-concentration solution before entering low temperature heat exchanger, effectively prevent that solution is through low-temperature switch cooling post crystallization.
In sum, the way that the present invention adopts the endless form of contrary series connection and suitably diluted before highly concentrated solution enters low temperature heat exchanger, realize temperature and the synchronous rising gradually of concentration and the reasonable utilization to different grade energy of lithium-bromide solution, and improve the venting scope of refrigeration unit, effectively prevent crystallization, thereby improve refrigerating capacity and the coefficient of performance of unit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 system diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 specific enthalpy-concentration map of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing 1,1 absorber; 2 first solution pumps; 3 low temperature heat exchangers; 4 first throttle valves; 5 low pressure generators; 6 second solution pumps; Warm interchanger in 7; In 8, press generator; 9 the 3rd solution pumps; 10 high-temperature heat exchangers; 11 high pressure generators; 12 second choke valves; 13 absorbers; 14 high pressure condenser pipes; 15 the 3rd choke valves; In 16, press condenser pipe; 17 the 4th choke valves; 18 condensers; 19 the 5th choke valves; 20 evaporimeters; 21 evaporimeter pumps; 22 tube connectors.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The present invention is made up of the lithium-bromide solution circulatory system and the water as refrigerant circulatory system as shown in Figure 1.
The lithium-bromide solution circulatory system:
(concentration is ω to bromize lithium dilute solution in absorber 1
a), low temperature heat exchanger 3 backheats of flowing through under the effect of the first solution pump 2, are then divided into two parts.
A part is through tributary pipe and 4 throttlings of first throttle valve, and (concentration is ω to the high concentration lithium-bromide solution after the second choke valve 12 throttlings of then coming with high pressure generator 11
r) mix, make high concentration lithium-bromide solution in the process through there being a dilution before low temperature heat exchanger 3, prevent crystallization.Another part enters in low pressure generator 5, in low pressure generator 5 bromize lithium dilute solution by press water as refrigerant and the Steam Heating in the middle pressure condenser pipe that generator 8 comes, make the part water evaporation in low pressure generator 5, improved like this concentration of lithium-bromide solution in low pressure generator 5, (concentration is ω to make to form intermediate concentration solution in low pressure generator 5
k).Intermediate concentration solution in low pressure generator 5 pressurizes through the second solution pump 6 simultaneously, and in the high concentration lithium-bromide solution that neutralizes from high pressure generator 11 out of warm interchanger 7 carry out after heat exchange, enter middle pressure generator 8, water as refrigerant steam in the high pressure condenser pipe that lithium-bromide solution in middle pressure generator 8 is come by high pressure generator 11 heats again, in lithium-bromide solution, have again the evaporation of part water, (concentration is ω to make lithium-bromide solution further form concentrated solution
t).So therefrom press in generator 8 concentrated solution out to pressurize through the 3rd solution pump 9, by high-temperature heat exchanger 10, again carry out after heat exchange with high concentration potassium bromide solution out from high pressure generator 11, then enter in high pressure generator 11, concentrated solution in high pressure generator 11 is heated by thermal source, part water in lithium-bromide solution is evaporated again, and (concentration is ω to form high concentration lithium-bromide solution
r, higher than existing economic benefits and social benefits and triple effect unit concentration, thereby improve venting scope), high concentration lithium-bromide solution from high pressure generator 11 out, successively through high-temperature heat exchanger 10 and in warm interchanger 7 carry out after backheat, before entering low temperature heat exchanger 3, mix from the bromize lithium dilute solution of first throttle valve 4 with a part, the lithium bromide of high concentration is diluted to some extent, high concentration lithium-bromide solution after being diluted enters absorber 1 after low-temperature switch 3 backheats, absorber 1 absorbs the water vapour producing in evaporimeter, form again bromize lithium dilute solution, thereby complete lithium-bromide solution circulation.
The water as refrigerant circulatory system:
During being imported, the high pressure cryogen water vapour (pressure is Pr) producing in high pressure generator 11 presses in the high pressure condenser pipe 14 of generator 8, be used for adding the intermediate concentration solution of hankering in the raw device 8 of Hair Fixer, make the evaporation of the part water in intermediate concentration solution in pressure generator 8, high pressure cryogen steam-condensation becomes high pressure water as refrigerant, but still there is part sensible heat, high pressure water as refrigerant through the 3rd choke valve 15 throttlings to intermediate pressure Pt, converge with the middle pressure refrigerant vapour (pressure is Pt) producing in middle pressure generator 8, enter together in the middle pressure condenser pipe in low pressure generator 5, again heat the bromize lithium dilute solution in low pressure generator 5, middle pressure refrigerant vapour is condensed into middle pressure water as refrigerant, middle pressure water as refrigerant through the 4th choke valve 17 throttlings to condensing pressure Pk, after converging with the refrigerant vapour producing in low pressure generator 5, enter condenser 18 and be condensed into water as refrigerant from tube connector 22, water as refrigerant in condenser 18 enters evaporimeter 20 after the 5th choke valve 19 reducing pressure by regulating flows, spraying and sprinkling evaporation under the effect of evaporimeter pump 21, the lithium-bromide solution that the steam producing is absorbed in device 1 absorbs, complete the circulation of whole water as refrigerant.
As shown in Figure 2, the cyclic process of lithium-bromide solution is as follows:
(concentration is ω to the low pressure bromize lithium dilute solution that point 2 is absorber outlet
a), after the first solution pump 2 pressurizations, pressure is increased to condensing pressure Pk, but its concentration and specific enthalpy are all constant, also in putting 2.Point 2 to point 3 is weak solution thermal process that are subject at low temperature heat exchanger, and point 3 is that weak solution enters after low pressure generator to point 4, the process being heated up by the steam heating from middle pressure generator, but before reaching occurrence temperature, its concentration is constant.Point 4 is weak solution generating processes in low pressure generator to point 6, and concentration is increased to intermediate concentration ω
k.
The intermediate concentration solution of point 6 is forced into middle pressure Pt through the second solution pump 6.Point 6 to point 7 be middle pressure intermediate concentration solution in warm interchanger by the process of highly concentrated solution heat temperature raising.Point 7 is that intermediate concentration solution enters after middle pressure generator to point 8, the process being heated up by the steam heating from high pressure generator, and its concentration is constant.Point 8 is intermediate concentration solution generating processes in middle pressure generator to point 10, concentration rising ω
t, become concentrated solution.
The concentrated solution of point 10 is forced into high pressure P r through the 3rd solution pump 9.Point 10 to point 11 be concentrated solution in high-temperature heat exchanger by the process of highly concentrated solution heat temperature raising.Point 11 is that concentrated solution enters after high pressure generator to point 12, the process of extraneous thermal source heat temperature raising, and its concentration is constant.Point 12 is concentrated solution generating processes in high pressure generator to point 14, and concentration is increased to ω
r, become highly concentrated solution.
Weak solution in point 17 mixed solution and absorber reaches a little 18 ' after mixing, after shwoot to putting 18.Point 18 to point 2 is processes that solution absorbs water vapour in evaporimeter in absorber.
The cyclic process of water as refrigerant:
The specific enthalpy of the high pressure cryogen water vapour that high pressure generator 11 produces is h
c2, heat release in middle pressure generator 8 and low pressure generator 5, condenses into water, and specific enthalpy is reduced to h
c1, enter the cooling rear specific enthalpy of condenser 18 and be down to h
a1.
The specific enthalpy of the steam producing in middle pressure generator 8 is h
b2, heat release in low pressure generator 5, condenses into water, and specific enthalpy is reduced to h
b1, entering condenser 18 rear cooling, specific enthalpy is reduced to h
a1.
The specific enthalpy of the water vapour that low pressure generator 5 produces is h
a2, condensation in condenser 18, specific enthalpy is reduced to h
a1.
Water as refrigerant in condenser 18 enters evaporimeter 20 after the 5th choke valve 19 reducing pressure by regulating flows, and aqueous water specific enthalpy is h
1, in evaporimeter 20, heat absorption evaporation, produces refrigeration, and specific enthalpy rises to h
1a.This water vapour is absorbed by lithium-bromide solution in absorber.
In sum, the way that adopts the endless form of contrary series connection and suitably diluted before highly concentrated solution enters low temperature heat exchanger, realize temperature and the synchronous rising gradually of concentration and the reasonable utilization to different grade energy of lithium-bromide solution, and improve the venting scope of refrigeration unit, effectively prevent crystallization, thereby improve refrigerating capacity and the coefficient of performance of unit.
Claims (4)
1. a triple-effect lithium bromide, comprise the lithium-bromide solution circulatory system and the water as refrigerant circulatory system, the described lithium-bromide solution circulatory system comprises high pressure generator, middle pressure generator, low pressure generator, absorber, high-temperature heat exchanger, in warm interchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, absorber described in choke valve and solution pump, low pressure generator, middle pressure generator and high pressure generator are connected successively by pipeline, the gas outlet of described high pressure generator is provided with high pressure condenser pipe, the gas outlet of described middle pressure generator is provided with middle pressure condenser pipe, the gas outlet of described low pressure generator is provided with tube connector, described tube connector is connected with described absorber by the water as refrigerant circulatory system, described high pressure condenser pipe is communicated with described middle pressure condenser pipe by choke valve through middle pressure generator, described middle pressure condenser pipe is communicated with described tube connector by choke valve through low pressure generator, the described water as refrigerant circulatory system comprises evaporimeter and condenser, described tube connector is connected with described condenser, described condenser is connected with described evaporimeter, described evaporimeter is provided with steam pipe and is communicated with described absorber, in described evaporimeter, be provided with refrigerant water system, it is characterized in that: on the drain pipe of described absorber, be communicated with a tributary pipe, described tributary pipe is communicated with the drain pipe of described high pressure generator.
2. triple-effect lithium bromide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the pipeline being communicated with between described absorber and described low pressure generator, described low pressure generator and described middle pressure generator, described middle pressure generator and high pressure generator, solution pump is installed.
3. triple-effect lithium bromide according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: between the drain pipe of described high pressure generator and described absorber drain pipe, low temperature heat exchanger is installed, warm interchanger in being provided with between the drain pipe of described high pressure generator and described low pressure generator drain pipe, is provided with high-temperature heat exchanger between the drain pipe of described high pressure generator and described middle pressure generator drain pipe.
4. triple-effect lithium bromide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the pipeline that described condenser is communicated with described evaporimeter, choke valve is installed, on the drain pipe of described absorber and described tributary pipe, choke valve is installed, on the drain pipe of described high pressure generator, choke valve is installed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210001102.6A CN102519165B (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2012-01-04 | Triple-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210001102.6A CN102519165B (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2012-01-04 | Triple-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device |
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| CN102519165A CN102519165A (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| CN102519165B true CN102519165B (en) | 2014-06-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5205136A (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-04-27 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Triple-effect absorption refrigeration system with double-condenser coupling |
| US5931007A (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-08-03 | Carrier Corporation | Asborption refrigeration system with condensate solution coupling |
| KR100343129B1 (en) * | 1998-12-26 | 2002-11-30 | 한국과학기술원 | Triple Effect Absorption Chiller with Steam Compressor |
| CN1353288A (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2002-06-12 | 上海交通大学 | Serially connected three-effect absorption-type refrigerator with vapour compression |
| JP2004239558A (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Yazaki Corp | Absorption type cooling and heating machine |
| CN2733265Y (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2005-10-12 | 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 | Flue gas hot-water type lithium bromide absorption type cold water and hot water production unit |
| CN101187510A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-05-28 | 天津商业大学 | Triple effect absorption type refrigeration system |
| CN101206084A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-06-25 | 天津商业大学 | Inverse series triple effect absorption refrigeration system |
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