CN102401504B - High-efficiency 1.5-acting lithium bromide absorption-type refrigeration/heat pump unit - Google Patents
High-efficiency 1.5-acting lithium bromide absorption-type refrigeration/heat pump unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102401504B CN102401504B CN201110381172.4A CN201110381172A CN102401504B CN 102401504 B CN102401504 B CN 102401504B CN 201110381172 A CN201110381172 A CN 201110381172A CN 102401504 B CN102401504 B CN 102401504B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency 1.5-acting lithium bromide absorption-type refrigeration/heat pump unit, and belongs to the technical field of air conditioning equipment. The high-efficiency 1.5-acting lithium bromide absorption-type refrigeration/heat pump unit comprises an evaporator (1), a first-stage absorber (2), a second-stage absorber (5), a high-pressure generator (3), a low-pressure generator (4), a second-stage generator (6), a condenser (7), a high-temperature heat exchanger (9), a low-temperature heat exchanger (10), a second-stage heat exchanger (11) and a cryogen water flash device (8), wherein the chamber of the second-stage absorber (5) is communicated with the chamber of the cryogen water flash device (8); a first-stage lithium bromide solution output from the first-stage absorber (2) enters the high-pressure generator (3) and the low-pressure generator (4); a second-stage lithium bromide solution output from the second-stage absorber (5) enters the second-stage generator (6) through the second-stage heat exchanger (11); cryogen water output from the condenser (7) flows through the cryogen water flash device (8) firstly; and the cryogen water output from the cryogen water flash device (8) is returned to the evaporator (1) finally. The high-efficiency 1.5-acting lithium bromide absorption-type refrigeration/heat pump unit can reduce the pressure in the high-pressure generator, thereby improving the utilization rate of middle-grade and high-grade heat source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump.Belong to air conditioner technical field.
Background technology
It is several that existing lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump can be divided into triple effect, economic benefits and social benefits, single-effect type and two-stage generation two-stage absorption-type etc. according to efficiency of energy utilization, wherein as shown in Figure 1, the operation principle of dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump as shown in Figure 2 for the operation principle of single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump.
Single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump is made up of pipeline, the valve of evaporimeter 1, absorber 15, generator 16, condenser 7, heat exchanger 17, solution pump 18, cryogenic fluid pump 14, control system (not shown) and connecting components.Cold water (or waste heat source) flow through evaporimeter 1, cooling water (or heat medium water) flow through absorber 15 and condenser 7.When unit operation, the water as refrigerant of being extracted out from evaporimeter 1 top spray by cryogenic fluid pump 14 absorbs cold water (or the waste heat source) heat of flowing through in evaporimeter 1 heat-transfer pipe, after vaporization, enter absorber 15, absorbed by bromize lithium concentrated solution wherein, and release heat is in cooling water (or heat medium water); After in absorber 15, bromize lithium concentrated solution absorbs refrigerant vapour, concentration is thinning, extracted out by solution pump 18, send in generator 16 and concentrated by high temperature heat source heating through heat exchanger 17, the concentrated solution after concentrating comes back in absorber 15 and absorbs refrigerant vapour through heat exchanger 17; Concentrating and separating high temperature refrigerant vapour out enters in condenser 7, and the water that is cooled (or heat medium water) is taken away heat condensation, and again gets back in evaporimeter 1.
Dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump is made up of pipeline, the valve of evaporimeter 1, absorber 15, high pressure generator 3, low pressure generator 4, condenser 7, high-temperature heat exchanger 9, low temperature heat exchanger 10, solution pump 18, cryogenic fluid pump 14, control system (not shown) and connecting components.Cold water (or waste heat source) flow through evaporimeter 1, cooling water (or heat medium water) flow through absorber 15 and condenser 7.When unit operation, the water as refrigerant of being extracted out from evaporimeter 1 top spray by cryogenic fluid pump 14 absorbs cold water (or the waste heat source) heat of flowing through in evaporimeter 1 heat-transfer pipe, after vaporization, enter absorber 15, absorbed by bromize lithium concentrated solution wherein, and release heat is in cooling water (or heat medium water); After in absorber 15, bromize lithium concentrated solution absorbs refrigerant vapour, concentration is thinning, extracted out by solution pump 18, after low temperature heat exchanger 10 and high-temperature heat exchanger 9 intensifications, send in high pressure generator 3 concentrated by high temperature heat source heating, intermediate solution after concentrated enters in low pressure generator 4 after high-temperature heat exchanger 9 coolings, again heated concentratedly by the concentrated refrigerant vapour producing of solution in high pressure generator 3, the concentrated solution after concentrated comes back in absorber 15 and absorbs refrigerant vapour after low temperature heat exchanger 10 coolings; And the concentrated high temperature refrigerant vapour condensation after heated solution in low pressure generator 4 producing in high pressure generator 3, all enter in condenser 7 with concentrating and separating refrigerant vapour out in low pressure generator 4, the water (or heat medium water) that is cooled is taken away heat condensation, and again gets back in evaporimeter 1.
The difference of dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump and single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump is just: in dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump by high temperature heat source in (high pressure) generator concentrated solution produce high temperature refrigerant vapour, as driving heat source, solution is carried out to heating again concentrated, high temperature refrigerant vapour just enters in condenser after release heat condensation in low pressure generator, this high temperature refrigerant vapour is the equal of to have driven one by evaporimeter as thermal source, absorber, the single-effect type unit of low pressure generator and condenser composition, high temperature heat source adds the heat in cooling/heating pump assembly to obtain twice utilization, thereby efficiency of energy utilization is high, and in single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump by high temperature heat source in generator concentrated solution produce high temperature refrigerant vapour, directly enter in condenser, high temperature heat source adds the heat in cooling/heating pump assembly to have to once utilize, thereby efficiency of energy utilization is lower.But for dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, due to the pressure in its low pressure generator and solution temperature and single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump basic identical, and the high pressure generator at high temperature heat source heated solution place, its pressure is substantially equal to the corresponding saturated vapour pressure of heat source temperature of low pressure generator, thereby its pressure is inevitable significantly higher than low pressure generator, as the high temperature heat source of dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump thermal source, its grade also must be significantly higher than single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump.
In the practical application of lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, often there is the too high situation that is not suitable for adopting dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump of pressure because of high pressure generator, also can only adopt single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump although thermal source is of high grade, thereby often cause energy waste because efficiency of energy utilization is low; Although or high pressure generator pressure while adopting dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump is suitable, the grade of thermal source is inadequate, and adopts the words of single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump to have significantly energy grade waste.If can there be way to reduce the pressure in high pressure generator, both can solve and can only adopt the sorry of single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump because of high pressure generator hypertonia, because making required thermal source grade, reduces the pressure decreased of high pressure generator again, thereby the energy of the middle grade of part also can be fully used, promote its utilization ratio.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of pressure that can reduce high pressure generator is provided, thereby improve the efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump of the utilization ratio of middle and high grade thermal source.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, described unit comprises: evaporimeter, one-level absorber, secondary absorber, high pressure generator, low pressure generator, second-stage generator, condenser, high-temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, two-stage heat exchanger and water as refrigerant flash device, the chamber of described low pressure generator is connected with the chamber of secondary absorber, the chamber of described water as refrigerant flash device is connected with the chamber of secondary absorber, or in newly increase with one in parallel with secondary absorber or the absorber of connecting, the chamber of second-stage generator is connected with the chamber of condenser, the one-level lithium-bromide solution that goes out described one-level absorber enters high pressure generator, low pressure generator, go out described secondary absorber secondary lithium-bromide solution and enter second-stage generator by two-stage heat exchanger, the high temperature refrigerant vapour that goes out described high pressure generator is divided into two-way and enters respectively low pressure generator and second-stage generator, the water as refrigerant that goes out described low pressure generator and second-stage generator enters condenser again, the water as refrigerant that the goes out described condenser water as refrigerant flash device of first flowing through, and the water as refrigerant that goes out described water as refrigerant flash device finally returns in evaporimeter.
One-level lithium-bromide solution extracts the refrigerant vapour producing after cold water (or waste heat source) heat absorb evaporimeter in one-level absorber in, after concentration is thinning, enter in high and low pressure generator heated concentrated, in low pressure generator, the concentrated refrigerant vapour producing of one-level lithium-bromide solution enters in secondary absorber again and is absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution, after the concentration of secondary lithium-bromide solution is thinning, enter in second-stage generator heated concentratedly, concentrated refrigerant vapour out enters condensation in condenser more again; The high temperature heat source high temperature refrigerant vapour that concentrated one-level lithium-bromide solution produces in high pressure generator enters low pressure generator and second-stage generator, heat respectively concentrated one-level lithium-bromide solution and secondary lithium-bromide solution as thermal source, after release heat condensation, enter again condenser.Water as refrigerant in condenser is before getting back in evaporimeter and extracting the heat in cold water (or waste heat source) as cold-producing medium, the water as refrigerant flash device of first flowing through, after shwoot generating portion refrigerant vapour, liquid refrigerant water is got back in evaporimeter, and the refrigerant vapour that shwoot produces enters in secondary absorber and absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution.Compared with dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, the high temperature refrigerant vapour that in the high pressure generator of this patent, concentrated one-level lithium-bromide solution produces, be the equal of to have driven one by evaporimeter as thermal source, one-level absorber, low pressure generator, secondary absorber, the two-stage of second-stage generator and condenser composition absorbs two-stage generation type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, the efficiency of energy utilization that absorbs two-stage generation type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump due to two-stage approximately only has the half of single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, therefore the efficiency of energy utilization of product involved in the present invention is lower than dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, approximately be equivalent to 1.5 effects.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is by increasing secondary absorber and second-stage generator, the concentrated refrigerant vapour producing of one-level lithium-bromide solution in low pressure generator is first absorbed by the lower secondary lithium-bromide solution of the relative concentration in secondary absorber, thereby make the pressure decreased in low pressure generator, solution can be heated concentrated at lower temperature; And the lower secondary lithium-bromide solution of relative concentration enters in the second-stage generator suitable with condenser pressure after thinning again, it also can be heated concentrated at a lower temperature.Thereby also can reduce as the pressure of the high pressure generator in low pressure generator and second-stage generator heat source (high temperature refrigerant vapour) source, also can reduce as the grade of the high temperature heat source of high pressure generator driving heat source.And by increasing water as refrigerant flash device, water as refrigerant in condenser is before getting back to evaporimeter, elder generation's shwoot in water as refrigerant flash device goes out part refrigerant vapour and is absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution, thereby can reduce the internal circulating load of one-level lithium-bromide solution, and then reduce high temperature heat source consumption, promote efficiency of energy utilization.Efficiency of energy utilization (refrigeration COP) approximately 1.05 left and right of 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump involved in the present invention, the more than 1.3 times of single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump efficiency of energy utilization (refrigeration COP, approximately 0.7 ~ 0.8).
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of single-effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump in the past.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of dual effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump in the past.
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of the efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump of the present invention.
Reference numeral in figure:
Evaporimeter 1, one-level absorber 2, high pressure generator 3, low pressure generator 4, secondary absorber 5, second-stage generator 6, condenser 7, water as refrigerant flash device 8, high-temperature heat exchanger 9, low temperature heat exchanger 10, two-stage heat exchanger 11, one-level solution pump 12, secondary solution pump 13, cryogenic fluid pump 14.
Cold water (or waste heat source) enters A1, cold water (or waste heat source) and goes out A2, cooling water (or heat medium water) and enter B1, cooling water (or heat medium water) and go out that B2, driving heat source enter C1, driving heat source goes out C2.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 3 is a kind of application example figure of efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump involved in the present invention.This unit is made up of pipeline, the valve etc. of evaporimeter 1, one-level absorber 2, high pressure generator 3, low pressure generator 4, secondary absorber 5, second-stage generator 6, condenser 7, water as refrigerant flash device 8, high-temperature heat exchanger 9, low temperature heat exchanger 10, two-stage heat exchanger 11, one-level solution pump 12, secondary solution pump 13, cryogenic fluid pump 14, control system (not shown) and connecting components.Cold water (or the waste heat source) evaporimeter 1 of flowing through, cooling water (or heat medium water) parallel connection flow through one-level absorber 2, secondary absorber 5 and condenser 7.When unit operation, water as refrigerant after being extracted out by cryogenic fluid pump 14 from evaporimeter 1 top spray absorbs cold water (or the waste heat source) heat of flowing through in evaporimeter 1 heat-transfer pipe, after vaporization, enter one-level absorber 2, absorbed by one-level lithium-bromide solution wherein, the heat of release enters cooling water (or heat medium water), after in one-level absorber 2, one-level lithium-bromide solution absorbs refrigerant vapour, concentration is thinning, extracted out by one-level solution pump 12, send in high pressure generator 3 concentrated by high temperature heat source heating through low temperature heat exchanger 10 and high-temperature heat exchanger 9, intermediate solution after concentrated enters in low pressure generator 4 after high-temperature heat exchanger 8 heat exchange coolings, the high temperature refrigerant vapour producing after concentrated by solution heating in high pressure generator 3 heats concentrated again, and the concentrated solution after concentrating comes back in one-level absorber 2 and absorbs refrigerant vapour after low temperature heat exchanger 10 heat exchange coolings, high temperature refrigerant vapour enters condenser 7 in low pressure generator 4 after release heat condensation, in low pressure generator 4, the concentrated refrigerant vapour producing of solution enters secondary absorber 5, absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution wherein, the heat of release enters cooling water (or heat medium water), after secondary lithium-bromide solution in secondary absorber 5 absorbs refrigerant vapour, concentration is thinning, extracted out by secondary solution pump 13, send into the high temperature refrigerant vapour heating of being come by high pressure generator 3 in second-stage generator 6 through two-stage heat exchanger 11 concentrated, concentrated solution after concentrated comes back in secondary absorber 5 and absorbs refrigerant vapour after two-stage heat exchanger 11 heat exchange coolings, high temperature refrigerant vapour enters condenser 7 in second-stage generator 6 after release heat condensation, and concentrating and separating refrigerant vapour out also enters in condenser 7, the water (or heat medium water) that is cooled is taken away heat condensation, condensed water as refrigerant enters water as refrigerant flash device 8 again, the refrigerant vapour that shwoot produces enters in secondary absorber 5 and is absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution, after shwoot, remaining water as refrigerant finally returns in evaporimeter 1.
The one-level lithium-bromide solution of the efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump shown in Fig. 3 is high pressure generator 3, the low pressure generators 4 of flowing through again of first flowing through of connecting, it can be also low pressure generator 4, the high pressure generator 3 of flowing through, or parallel connection again flow through high pressure generator 3 and the low pressure generator 4 of first flowing through of connecting.
Efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump shown in Fig. 3, cooling water (or heat medium water) is flow through one-level absorber 2, secondary absorber 5 and condenser 7 of parallel connection, its also can the series connection of random order ground flow through one-level absorber 2, secondary absorber 5 and condenser 7; Or any one in the one-level absorber 2 of first flowing through, secondary absorber 5 and condenser 7, then parallel connection is flowed through all the other two; Or any two of flowing through in one-level absorber 2, secondary absorber 5 and condenser 7 of first parallel connection, then the another one of flowing through.
Efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump shown in Fig. 3, the refrigerant vapour that in water as refrigerant flash device 8, shwoot produces is to enter in secondary absorber 5 to be absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution; It can be also to enter in the in parallel or absorber of connecting of that newly increase and a secondary absorber 5 to be absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution.
Claims (3)
1. efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump, it is characterized in that: described unit comprises: evaporimeter (1), one-level absorber (2), secondary absorber (5), high pressure generator (3), low pressure generator (4), second-stage generator (6), condenser (7), high-temperature heat exchanger (9), low temperature heat exchanger (10), two-stage heat exchanger (11) and water as refrigerant flash device (8), the chamber of described low pressure generator (4) is connected with the chamber of secondary absorber (5), the chamber of described water as refrigerant flash device (8) is connected with the chamber of secondary absorber (5), or the refrigerant vapour that in water as refrigerant flash device (8), shwoot produces enters in the in parallel or absorber of connecting of that newly increase and a secondary absorber (5) and is absorbed by secondary lithium-bromide solution, the chamber of second-stage generator (6) is connected with the chamber of condenser (7), after in one-level absorber (2), one-level lithium-bromide solution absorbs refrigerant vapour, concentration is thinning, send in high pressure generator (3) concentrated by high temperature heat source heating through low temperature heat exchanger (10) and high-temperature heat exchanger (9), intermediate solution after concentrated enters in low pressure generator (4) after high-temperature heat exchanger (9) heat exchange cooling, the high temperature refrigerant vapour producing after concentrated by solution heating in high pressure generator (3) heats concentrated again, concentrated solution after concentrated comes back to absorption refrigerant vapour in one-level absorber (2) after low temperature heat exchanger (10) heat exchange cooling, after secondary lithium-bromide solution in secondary absorber (5) absorbs refrigerant vapour, concentration is thinning, send into the high temperature refrigerant vapour heating of being come by high pressure generator (3) in second-stage generator (6) through two-stage heat exchanger (11) concentrated, the concentrated solution after concentrating comes back to the middle refrigerant vapour that absorbs of secondary absorber (5) after two-stage heat exchanger (11) heat exchange cooling, the high temperature refrigerant vapour that goes out described high pressure generator (3) is divided into two-way and enters respectively low pressure generator (4) and second-stage generator (6), in low pressure generator (4) and second-stage generator (6), after release heat condensation, enter condenser (7), the water as refrigerant that goes out described condenser (7) the water as refrigerant flash device (8) of first flowing through, the water as refrigerant that goes out described water as refrigerant flash device (8) finally returns in evaporimeter (1).
2. the efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the one-level lithium-bromide solution that goes out described one-level absorber (2) is high pressure generator (3), the low pressure generator (4) of flowing through again of first flowing through of connecting; Or series connection first flow through low pressure generator (4), the high pressure generator (3) of flowing through again; Or parallel connection flow through high pressure generator (3) and low pressure generator (4).
3. the efficient 1.5 effect type lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration/source pump of one according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the cooling water of described unit or heat medium water are flow through one-level absorber (2), secondary absorber (5) and condensers (7) of parallel connection; Or random order ground series connection flow through one-level absorber (2), secondary absorber (5) and condenser (7); Or any one in the one-level absorber (2) of first flowing through, secondary absorber (5) and condenser (7), then parallel connection is flowed through all the other two; Or any two of flowing through in one-level absorber (2), secondary absorber (5) and condenser (7) of first parallel connection, then the another one of flowing through.
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Families Citing this family (3)
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CN107525300B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2023-08-25 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Hot water type lithium bromide absorption chiller with single effect generating solution series connection |
CN107560223B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2023-08-25 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | Hot water type lithium bromide absorption water chilling unit capable of effectively running |
CN108518888A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-11 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | The solution parallel connection type lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration heat pump unit of variable effect |
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US4269034A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-05-26 | Rzechula Joseph A | Absorption unit with variant control system |
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CN202361685U (en) * | 2011-11-26 | 2012-08-01 | 双良节能系统股份有限公司 | High-efficiency 1.5-effect type lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration/heat pump unit |
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US4085596A (en) * | 1976-03-03 | 1978-04-25 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Absorption refrigerator of double effect type |
US4269034A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-05-26 | Rzechula Joseph A | Absorption unit with variant control system |
US5218844A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1993-06-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Absorption heat pump apparatus with indoor and outdoor heat exchangers |
CN2500988Y (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2002-07-17 | 江苏双良空调设备股份有限公司 | Lithium bromide absorption refrigerator and heat pump cryogen steam condensed water shoot absorbing device |
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