CN102519069B - Multi-effect cascade jet type heat exchange based exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and power jointly producing system - Google Patents
Multi-effect cascade jet type heat exchange based exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and power jointly producing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519069B CN102519069B CN2011104075677A CN201110407567A CN102519069B CN 102519069 B CN102519069 B CN 102519069B CN 2011104075677 A CN2011104075677 A CN 2011104075677A CN 201110407567 A CN201110407567 A CN 201110407567A CN 102519069 B CN102519069 B CN 102519069B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-effect cascade jet type heat exchange based exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and electrical jointly producing system, belonging to the field of exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and power joint producing. The system comprises a steam turbine, a multi-effect cascade jet heat pump, a heating network last-stage heater, a low-pressure steam-water heater, a high-temperature heating network heater, a steam condenser, a power generator and a condensate pump. The multi-effect cascade jet heat pump comprises a cascade first-stage mixing section, a cascade first-stage throat part, a cascade first-stage diffusing section, a cascade last-stage diffusing section, and a cascade last-stage distributor which are connected into a whole body in sequence, wherein the cascade first-stage mixing section is provided with a cascade first-stage jet opening. The system adopts the multi-effect cascade workflow, thereby the irreversible loss of the jet heat pump is greatly reduced, a large proportion of the exhaust steam is mixed with the medium-pressure extraction steam used as the driving steam, and the pressure is increased greatly. The primary heating network returns water, the technical problems of recovering the exhaust steam waste heat efficiently by adopting the jet heat pump and supplying heat by using the recovered exhaust steam waste heat are solved, and the waste heat recovering capacity is improved by several times.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to exhaust steam in steam turbine heat recovery cogeneration of heat and power field, particularly a kind of exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange reclaims the co-generation unit design.
Background technique
The Major Systems form of at present Northern Part of China heating is: cogeneration of heat and power, district boiler room and dispersion heating respectively account for approximately 1/3, wherein the primary energy utilization ratio is the highest, emission reduction effect is best, Economy the most rational cogeneration of heat and power apply the restriction that is subject to being difficult to expand on a large scale the factors such as heat supply network scale and heat capacity thereof, need badly and take better technology path and policy planning to be promoted.Exhaust steam residual heat reclaims and the Patents technology of great temperature difference heat supply for carrying out based on absorption heat exchange of creatively being developed by Tsing-Hua University's building energy conservation research center, can realize adopting absorption heat pump to reclaim the exhaust steam in steam turbine waste heat for central heat supply in thermoelectricity plant, can make thermoelectricity plant's efficiency of energy utilization improve 15～25%, and significantly enlarge its heat capacity.This technology has been applied to engineering practice and has obtained good effects of energy saving and emission reduction and economic benefit.
But because the concrete condition of actual co-generation unit is widely different, in a lot of situations, due to the parameter of each related work medium, not mate the utilization ratio that causes actual exhaust steam residual heat to reclaim not good, or need to pay excessive initial cost and cause and uneconomical.For example adopt in a large number the water-cooled exhaust steam co-generation unit of cooling (comprising direct cooling mode and clammy mode), comparatively compact owing to often being connected between its steam turbine (low pressure (LP) cylinder) exhaust steam exhaust port and water-cooled vapour condenser, and have to adopt rectangular duct or other special-shaped pipeline but not circular pipe is connected more, therefore be difficult to offer the exhaust steam drawing-off mouth.And often also be difficult to arrange or set up large size valve for cutting off or regulate the requirement that the exhaust steam flow reclaims exhaust steam residual heat to meet absorption heat pump.Thus, for the co-generation unit, particularly large scale system that adopt the water-cooled vapour condenser, almost can't realize directly drawing of exhaust steam, thereby have to adopt the mode of by cooling water, carrying out indirect heat recovery.The absorption heat pump heat recovery transformation practice of a plurality of large-size water-cooling formula co-generation units shows, because circulating water temperature is lower and be not suitable for increasing substantially turbine back pressure in order to avoid significantly affect power generation performance and Security thereof, actual heat recovery poor-performing, even adopt the large temperature difference technology of heat supply network can improve the heat recovery effect, but its initial cost increases, its economic evaluation effect is compared and is still had larger gap with the transformation of air-cooling type turbine system.
On the other hand, a large amount of middle-size and small-size turbine generating systems that exist are because it faces national policy about the little policy adjustment of upper large pressure, as change co-generation unit into and still the energy conservation and environmental protection benefit existed can be arranged, but conventional Low Vacuum Heating System be take and significantly sacrificed generating capacity as prerequisite, has affected the Economy of co-generation unit.
If adopt jet type heat pump likely to address the above problem, and compare with absorption heat pump without any rotation or moving member, without complicated solution, heat circulation and integrity problem thereof, cost decrease.Patent of invention 200810102224.8 discloses a kind of solution thinking that reclaims the jet type heat pump heating system of thermoelectricity plant's condensing waste heat.But current in esse problem is, at present traditional steam jet ejector drives steam and the pressure ratio restriction that is sucked steam owing to being limited to it, often only in certain compression, when within the scope of expansion ratio, just there is larger injection ratio, and its injection ratio is usually in 0.2～0.8 left and right, reasonably compress when expansion ratio scope if depart from it, its injection, than the order of magnitude that greatly is reduced to 1%, loses using value fully in cogeneration of heat and power heat recovery field.The larger liquid-jet vacuum pump structure as for the pressure ratio scope, because its major function is to keep the required necessary vacuum of manufacturing process but not for a large amount of draws low pressure gas, so its less injection compares and is not suitable for the cogeneration of heat and power residual neat recovering system.Therefore, traditional steam jet ejector only likely has certain use value in minority below special cogeneration of heat and power fluid properties combination condition, otherwise compares without using value with the absorption heat exchange residual neat recovering system moved to maturity.
Therefore, be necessary to seek design proposal and the structure thereof of brand-new jet type heat pump, to improve the exhaust steam residual heat recyclability of jetting type heat exchange, and significantly reduce the cost of heat recovery heating system, improve energy-saving and emission-reduction and economic effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the deficiency of prior art, propose a kind of exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange and reclaim co-generation unit, this system adopts multiple-effect superposition type workflow significantly to reduce the irreversible loss of jet type heat pump, realize directly the exhaust steam vast scale being drawn gas and mixing and significantly supercharging with the middle pressure as driving steam, owing to heating once net backwater of heat supply network, creatively solved and adopted the technical barrier of jet type heat pump high efficiente callback exhaust steam residual heat for heat supply.
Specific descriptions of the present invention are:
A kind of exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange reclaims co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, this system comprises: steam turbine, multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump, heat supply network top heater, low pressure vapor heater, high temperature heat exchangers for district heating, vapour condenser, generator, condensate pump, described multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump comprises and is in turn connected into holistic chopped-off head sparger, final stage sparger and final stage distributor, this chopped-off head sparger with the final stage sparger by the entrance that is provided with nozzle be connected successively, mixing section, throat and diffuser form, with the nozzle inlet of the chopped-off head sparger of multiple-effect superposition type jet type heat pump, with heat supply network top heater high temperature side, import is connected the extraction steam pipe of the steam turbine be connected with generator respectively, chopped-off head sparger ejecting port is connected by overlapping injection connecting tube with the mixing drawing-off mouth that the diffuser of final stage sparger exports the final stage distributor be connected, wherein, drive steam with jetting steam caused after chopped-off head sparger mixing section mixes through chopped-off head sparger throat, enter the nozzle of final stage sparger after chopped-off head sparger diffuser, and mix by entering the final stage distributor after final stage sparger throat and diffuser with the exhaust steam of final stage sparger ejecting port, final stage sparger ejecting port is connected with the exhaust steam outlet of steam turbine and the exhaust steam entrance of vapour condenser respectively, the final stage distributor is connected with the high temperature side of the low pressure vapor heater of a secondary net backwater, water of condensation after heat exchange is mixed by condensate pump and is returned to boiler with the water of condensation water outlet of vapour condenser, one secondary net backwater outlet of low pressure vapor heater is connected with the high temperature heat exchangers for district heating.
The progression of multiple-effect superposition type jet type heat pump described above is 2 grades of superposition type emitter constructions, or for increasing by 3 grades of superposition type emitter constructions of an intergrade.
It is as a whole that the final stage distributor of above-mentioned multiple-effect superposition type jet type heat pump and low pressure vapor heater can directly be connected, or disconnected from each other and by being connected connecting tube.
The water of condensation of above-mentioned low pressure vapor heater and the water of condensation of vapour condenser can adopt injection type linkage structure or the low formula mixing tank linkage structure that adds.
Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect:
The present invention is intended to solve the how difficult problem of efficient absorption exhaust steam residual heat of the employing jet type heat pump that exists in current Practical Project, complete technological scheme and engineering construction device have been proposed, adopt the multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump of brand-new design to absorb exhaust steam in steam turbine for heat supply, wherein exhaust steam is the superposition type final stage ejecting port suction by jet type heat pump, final stage diffuser exit portion mixed vapour is sent to the previous stage ejecting port and is pressurizeed by injection, so analogize, the original pressure of vapour pressure ratio exhaust steam in steam turbine that superposition type chopped-off head ejecting port sucks thus is much bigger, thereby but the extracted steam from turbine of the elevated pressures entered by the chopped-off head nozzle obtains the more mixed vapour of high pressure with regard to injection, and pass out to the acting of next stage continuation injection by the chopped-off head diffuser, the superposition type final stage connects a secondary net heater for heat supply, avoided adopting conventional jet type heat pump not mate and cause injection than too low owing to being difficult to adapt to each fluid properties certainly existed in Practical Project, energy saving and Economy are crossed difference and are difficult to practical application, this Novel multi-effect superposition type jet type heat pump system improves more than 2～5 times than the heat recovery ability of conventional spray formula heat pump.
With existing absorption residual neat recovering system, compare, can substantially realize that under ubiquitous engineering specifications the exhaust steam absorption efficiency is suitable, and the effect that initial cost significantly reduces, and owing to belonging to pure mechanical part, without any rotation or moving member, its operational reliability is higher, farthest improves thus the comprehensive utilization of energy benefit of heat consumption rate and the whole thermal power cogeneration central heating system of thermoelectricity plant, and has engineering practical value.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the jetting type heat exchange cogeneration of heat and power heat recovery heating system schematic diagram that embodiments of the invention 1 adopt low pressure vapor heater and jet type heat pump integral structure and the high temperature heat exchangers for district heating of connecting,
Fig. 2 is that embodiments of the invention 2 adopt low pressure vapor heaters and jet type heat pump split-type structural and without the jetting type heat exchange cogeneration of heat and power heat recovery heating system schematic diagram of high temperature heat exchangers for district heating.
In Fig. 1,2, each unit number and title are as follows.
Embodiment
The exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange that the present invention proposes reclaims co-generation unit, reaches by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment and is described in detail as follows:
Embodiment's 1 structure of the exhaust steam residual heat recovery co-generation unit based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, in Fig. 1, adopt low pressure vapor heater and jet type heat pump integral structure and the high temperature heat exchangers for district heating of connecting, this embodiment comprises: steam turbine 1, multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump 4, heat supply network top heater 15, low pressure vapor heater 14, high temperature heat exchangers for district heating 15, vapour condenser 16, generator 17, condensate pump 18; described multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump 4 comprises and is in turn connected into holistic chopped-off head sparger 5, final stage sparger 9 and final stage distributor 13, this chopped-off head sparger with the final stage sparger by the entrance that is provided with nozzle be connected successively, mixing section, throat and diffuser form, wherein, with superposition type chopped-off head injector nozzle 3 imports of multiple-effect superposition type jet type heat pump 4, with the heat supply network top heater, 15 high temperature side imports are connected the extraction steam pipe 2 of the steam turbine 1 be connected with generator 17 respectively, superposition type chopped-off head sparger ejecting port 5 is connected by overlapping injection connecting tube 10 with the mixing drawing-off mouth 12 that the diffuser of superposition type final stage sparger 9 exports the superposition type final stage distributor 13 be connected, drive steam with jetting steam caused after superposition type chopped-off head sparger mixing section 6 mixes through superposition type chopped-off head sparger throat 7, enter the nozzle of superposition type final stage sparger 9 after superposition type chopped-off head sparger diffuser 8, and mix by entering superposition type final stage distributor 13 after superposition type final stage sparger throat and diffuser with the exhaust steam of superposition type final stage sparger ejecting port 11, superposition type final stage sparger ejecting port 11 is connected with the exhaust steam outlet of steam turbine 1 and the exhaust steam entrance of vapour condenser 16 respectively, superposition type final stage distributor 13 is connected with the high temperature side of the low pressure vapor heater 14 of a secondary net backwater, water of condensation after heat exchange is mixed by condensate pump 18 and is returned to boiler with the water of condensation water outlet of vapour condenser 16, one secondary net backwater outlet of low pressure vapor heater 14 is connected with high temperature heat exchangers for district heating 15.
The progression of above-mentioned multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump 4 is 2 grades of superposition type structures, or for increasing by 3 grades of superposition type structures of an intergrade.It directly is connected as a whole with low pressure vapor heater 14.The water of condensation of the water of condensation of low pressure vapor heater 14 and vapour condenser 16 adopts injection type linkage structure or the low formula mixing tank linkage structure that adds.
The multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump of the present embodiment adopts the manufacture of routine techniques means to form, and other each equipment all can adopt conventional products.
Embodiment's 2 structures of the exhaust steam residual heat recovery co-generation unit based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, basic identical with example structure, the difference part is to adopt low pressure vapor heater and jet type heat pump split-type structural, and saved the high temperature heat exchangers for district heating, and send after by multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump, one secondary net backwater directly being heated to required supply water temperature.This system be particularly suitable for turbine back pressure higher, can obtain the elevated pressures mixed vapour and for a large amount of middle-small size steam turbine projects of heat supply through multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump.
It should be noted that; the present invention proposes the method that how to solve the problem that adopts jet type heat pump high efficiente callback exhaust steam in steam turbine waste heat; and according to this overall solution, different concrete implementing measures and the concrete implementing apparatus of different structure can be arranged; above-mentioned embodiment is only wherein two kinds, and the mode of execution of other similar simple deformation all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange reclaims co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, this system comprises: steam turbine, multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump, heat supply network top heater, low pressure vapor heater, high temperature heat exchangers for district heating, vapour condenser, generator, condensate pump, described multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump comprises and is in turn connected into holistic chopped-off head sparger, final stage sparger and final stage distributor, this chopped-off head sparger with the final stage sparger by the entrance that is provided with nozzle be connected successively, mixing section, throat and diffuser form, with the nozzle inlet of the chopped-off head sparger of multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump, with heat supply network top heater high temperature side, import is connected the extraction steam pipe of the steam turbine be connected with generator respectively, chopped-off head sparger ejecting port is connected by overlapping injection connecting tube with the mixing drawing-off mouth that the diffuser of final stage sparger exports the final stage distributor be connected, wherein, drive steam with jetting steam caused after chopped-off head sparger mixing section mixes through chopped-off head sparger throat, enter the nozzle of final stage sparger after chopped-off head sparger diffuser, and mix by entering the final stage distributor after final stage sparger throat and diffuser with the exhaust steam of final stage sparger ejecting port, final stage sparger ejecting port is connected with the exhaust steam outlet of steam turbine and the exhaust steam entrance of vapour condenser respectively, the final stage distributor is connected with the high temperature side of the low pressure vapor heater of a secondary net backwater, water of condensation after heat exchange is mixed by condensate pump and is returned to boiler with the water of condensation water outlet of vapour condenser, one secondary net backwater outlet of low pressure vapor heater is connected with the high temperature heat exchangers for district heating.
2. the exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange as claimed in claim 1 reclaims co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, the progression of described multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump is 2 grades of superposition type emitter constructions, or for increasing by 3 grades of superposition type emitter constructions of an intergrade.
3. the exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange as claimed in claim 1 reclaims co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, it is as a whole that the final stage distributor of described multiple-effect overlapping jet type heat pump and low pressure vapor heater directly are connected, or disconnected from each other and by being connected connecting tube.
4. the exhaust steam residual heat based on multiple-effect overlapping jetting type heat exchange as claimed in claim 1 reclaims co-generation unit, it is characterized in that, the water of condensation of described low pressure vapor heater and the water of condensation of vapour condenser adopt injection type linkage structure or the low formula mixing tank linkage structure that adds.
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| CN2011104075677A CN102519069B (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2011-12-08 | Multi-effect cascade jet type heat exchange based exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and power jointly producing system |
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| CN2011104075677A CN102519069B (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2011-12-08 | Multi-effect cascade jet type heat exchange based exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and power jointly producing system |
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| CN104632312B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2018-01-30 | 梁双印 | It is a kind of to improve vacuum and the block form hybrid system of residual heat of condensed water heat supply |
| CN104632310B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2017-07-28 | 北京北方三合能源技术有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve vacuum and the embedded hybrid system of residual heat of condensed water heat supply |
| CN104807344B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-04-19 | 北京北方三合能源技术有限公司 | Dry indirect-cooling-storage type peak cooling system of thermal power generating unit |
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| CN114458392A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-05-10 | 张玉良 | Thermodynamic system and boost ejector using thermodynamic boost |
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| CN113375209B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-03-01 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Large temperature difference heat supply method and system for coal-fired unit coupling compression heat pump |
| CN114322039B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-10-13 | 北京华源泰盟节能设备有限公司 | Heat exchange unit for steam heat supply |
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Application publication date: 20120627 Assignee: Beijing Zhongke Huayu Heat Pump Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Assignor: Beijing Zhongke Huayu Energy Technology Development Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2014110000022 Denomination of invention: Multi-effect cascade jet type heat exchange based exhaust steam waste heat recovering and heat and power jointly producing system Granted publication date: 20131211 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140526 |
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Address after: 100190 Beijing, Zhongguancun, building two, floor 333, No. Patentee after: Beijing Huayu energy technology Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 100190 Beijing, Zhongguancun, building two, floor 333, No. Patentee before: Beijing Zhongke Huayu Energy Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131211 Termination date: 20181208 |