A kind of conveyor belt covering is with clay rubber nano composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of conveyor belt covering with clay rubber nano composite material and preparation method thereof, can with all kinds of large conveying quantities, the supporting use of long belt conveyor, be widely used in heavy industry industries such as metallurgy, colliery, harbour.
Background technology
Along with the raising of whole world expanding economy and industrial automation level, the application surface of conveying belt becomes more and more wider, and demand is increasing, requires also increasingly high.Departments such as mine, building materials, chemical industry, harbour, grain, electric power and coal have proposed new requirement to mass transport: long distance (refers to the unit delivered length; Reach most 15000m abroad, the domestic 8984m that reaches most), large conveying quantity (high belt speed with big bandwidth) and high spud angle (>15 °).In order to satisfy the requirement of high-tenacity; Rubber cover is generally selected the rubber matrix of tree elastomer as rubber cover for use; Yet, when cold weather, (be lower than-10 ℃) in secular open-air atmosphere because the chemical structure of tree elastomer is prone to produce aging and corrosion; Tree elastomer is prone to embrittlement because of crystallization takes place, thereby has shortened the work-ing life of conveying belt.When transporting the sharp-pointed material of hard, out-of-shape, corner angle, though framework material is intact, rubber cover receives heavy wear, pierces through and tears and can not use.And at present, domestic manufacturer not to anti-cutting, anti-ly pierce through, anti-flexing fatigue and crack increases and aspects such as low-temperature physics mechanical property are systematically tested and evaluated.Therefore these reasons range of application and work-ing life of having limited long distances band.
In order to prolong the work-ing life of long distances band, should improve following some performance of conveying belt: tear resistance, wear resisting property, counter-bending fatigue property, elasticity, ageing-resistant performance and cutting resistance as far as possible.Niu Honglong has introduced a kind of high abrasion steel cable core conveying belt in [the rubber and plastic utilization of resources, 2007 (6): 7-10], rubber cover adopts natural gum and cis-butadiene cement and usefulness, has obtained tensile strength high (19.5MPa), wear-resistant (wear(ing)value 85mm
3) the high abrasion steel cable core conveying belt.Introduced among the CN200710020742.0 a kind ofly anti-tear, antiwear conveying belt; Adopt tree elastomer, solution polymerized butadiene styrene rubber and cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber and usefulness; Add aramid fiber short fibre in the infill system; And between workplace and non-working surface rubber cover, set up the belt carcass tension element, and obtain excellent anti-tear resistance, wear resisting property, improved work-ing life.Wang Di brightness etc. have been introduced a kind of cold-resistant difficult combustion steel cable core conveying belt in [rubber and plastic technology and equipment, 2004,30:22-25], utilize tree elastomer and cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber and usefulness, and having obtained normal temperature stretched intensity is 18MPa, and wear(ing)value is 108mm
3, both can guarantee good physical and mechanical properties at refrigerant latitudes, can significantly improve the prescription of cold tolerance (cold-resistant coefficient is 0.6 under 45 ℃) again.
For conveyer belt coating rubber, the factor that influences its work-ing life also has even more important tear resistance, cutting resistance ability, crack to increase performance and anti-flexing fatigue performance except tensile strength with the wear resisting property.And in the above rubber compounding design; Tensile strength and abrasive influence have only been considered; And can't satisfy the high-tenacity conveying belt DIN-X rank standard among the DIN DIN22131 T1: tensile strength>=25.0MPa, tensile yield>=450%, cylinder wear(ing)value≤120mm
3
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of conveyor belt covering with clay rubber nano composite material and preparation method thereof, it comprises rubber matrix and the corresponding auxiliary agent that adds.The synergy of tradition strengthening agent and nanoclay makes rubber cover have effects such as high-tenacity, height be anti-tear; Because nanoclay lamella in rubber disperses, and has improved performances such as the anti-cutting of rubber cover, anti-flexing fatigue, crack growth; Laminated structure has certain barrier properties for gases simultaneously, has improved the stability to aging of rubber cover, thereby has realized the long lifetime of conveying belt.Meanwhile, this product has higher brute force at low temperatures, and can not crack or brittle failure, overcome conveying belt in cold area because low-temperature embrittleness and shortcoming such as can't use.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of conveyor belt covering is used the clay rubber nano composite material; Get nanoclay and tree elastomer and prepare the compound rubber master batch of nanoclay/natural rubber nano through the emulsion flocculence; Adding viton then plasticates; Add after zinc oxide, Triple Pressed Stearic Acid, anti-aging agent, coupling agent, the strengthening agent once mixingly more successively, add the mixing product that obtains of secondary after sulphur, the promotor;
Concrete component is following: tree elastomer: 60-100 part, viton: 0-40 part, nanoclay: 1-10 part, sulphur: 1.0-2.5 part, zinc oxide: 3-6 part, Triple Pressed Stearic Acid: 1-3 part, promotor: 1.5-2.5 part, strengthening agent: 30-60 part, tenderizer: 0-6 part, anti-aging agent: 1-5 part and coupling agent: 1-10 part.
A kind of conveyor belt covering is with the preparation method of clay rubber nano composite material, and step is:
(1) preparation of the compound rubber master batch of nanoclay/natural rubber nano: get nanoclay 1-10 part and be dissolved in 10-100 part water; Contain tree elastomer 60-100 part, concentration is 41% rubber latex; The suspension-s of nanoclay and water is mixed with rubber latex, form uniform mixed solution, the flocculation agent that adds mixed solution gross weight 1%-5% flocculates; Filtration obtains throw out, obtains nanoclay/natural rubber nano composite material after the spraying drying;
(2) one sections mixing: in two roller mills, add the compound rubber master batch of nanoclay/natural rubber nano and viton 0-40 part of step (1) preparation, the 30-45s that plasticates adds zinc oxide 3-6 part then successively; Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 1-3 part, anti-aging agent 1-5 part, coupling agent 1-10 part; Strengthening agent 30-60 part; Mixing 10-15min parks 12-16h, obtains one section rubber unvulcanizate;
(3) two-stage mixing: in one section rubber unvulcanizate of step (2) gained, add sulphur 1.0-2.5 part again, promotor 1.5-2.5 part obtains two-stage mixing glue behind the mixing 2-5min, be the product conveyor tectum and use the clay rubber nano composite material.
Said nanoclay is inorganic polynite and/or organo montmorillonite.
Said viton is styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) or cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber.
Tree elastomer in the rubber matrix and nanoclay are to adopt the preparation of emulsion flocculence, and mining industry ltd provides by Siping City Liu house, Jilin Province, with the form adding of the compound rubber master batch of nanoclay/natural rubber nano.Than traditional pure carbon black filled system; The lamella of nanoclay in rubber disperses; Existing enhanced effect, also can improve the anti-cutting of rubber, anti-flexing fatigue, crack growth, barrier properties for gases and ageing resistance, thus the work-ing life of having improved long distances band.And the consumption of nanoclay is unsuitable too high, and the too high wear resistance that can reduce rubber cover of umber reduces work-ing life.Than the sooty ball-like structure, the unique laminated structure of nanoclay to a certain extent can passivation branching crack tip, and crackle is deflected, and the crack that therefore can improve nano composite material increases performance; Surface with SEM observes after cutting finds that the adding of nanoclay makes cutting back section smooth relatively, does not have tangible cavity and groove, and good cutting resistance ability is arranged.
Viton is styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) and/or cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber in the rubber matrix.Styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) has certain heatproof air aging performance, and the wear resisting property of cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber and low-temperature performance are all very excellent.
Said promotor is DM:2,2 '-dithio-bis-benzothiazole, DTDM:4,4`-dimorpholinyl disulfide or TMTD: tetramethyl-thiuram disulfide.Promotor is adopted the proper crosslinking system, not only can obtain good coke burning performance and processing characteristics, good crosslinking structure can also be provided, thereby obtain excellent physical and mechanical performance.
Said strengthening agent is superelevation abrasion resistant carbon black N115, intermediate super abrasion furnace black N220 or high wear-resistant carbon black N330.The carbon black in the strengthening agent and the synergy of nanoclay can improve the intensity and the wear resisting property of rubber cover.
Said anti-aging agent is RD:2; 2; 4-trimethylammonium-1; 2-dihyaroquinoline polymer, any one in 4010NA:N-sec.-propyl-N`-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine, 4020:N-(1, the 3-dimethylbutyl)-N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine or MC:N-(the 4-anilino phenyl) maleimide or any two kinds combination.Anti-aging agent has good thermo oxidative aging performance, ozone resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance performance.
Said coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, comprises solid silicone coupling agent and/or liquid silane coupling agent.Coupling agent can effectively improve nanoclay and combine with the interface of rubber, thereby reaches HS, high anti-tear effect.
Said tenderizer is that oil is a softening agent, and coal tar is softening agent, and pine tar is a softening agent, the combination of one or both in fatty series softening agent and the synthetic softening agent.
Said flocculation agent is calcium chloride or hydrogenchloride.
The physical and mechanical properties of product satisfies the high-tenacity conveying belt DIN-X grade requirement among the DIN DIN22131 T1: tensile strength>=25.0MPa, tensile yield>=450%, cylinder wear(ing)value≤120mm
3
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts the nanoclay rubber nano composite material to make the rubber cover of conveying belt, can improve its tensile strength, tear strength and cutting resistance ability, thereby improves the work-ing life of conveying belt.Adopt a small amount of nanoclay and a large amount of carbon blacks in the preparation process and be used as infill system; Not only can play the enhanced effect; And the laminated structure of nanoclay can effectively suppress the transmission of gas and heat; Thereby can carry its heatproof air aging performance, it is aging to make that conveying belt is difficult for when using in the environment for a long time in the open.Adopting another advantage of nanoclay is the crack tip of passivation branching to a certain extent, and crackle is deflected, and when transporting the sharp-pointed material of hard, out-of-shape, corner angle, can play the effect that crack increases.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In two rod mills, add the nanoclay/tree elastomer rubber master batch (Siping City Liu house, Jilin Province mining industry ltd) and the cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber (BR9000) that contain 1 part of nanoclay, 60 parts of tree elastomers and plasticate for 40 parts, add 1 part of 3 parts in zinc oxide and Triple Pressed Stearic Acid then successively; 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1; 1 part of 2-dihyaroquinoline (RD), 1 part of N-sec.-propyl-N`-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine (4010NA), 2 parts of solid silicone coupling agents; 40 parts of carbon black N115, carry out once mixing, park 12 hours after; Add linking agent and additional crosslinker: 1 part in sulphur and 2,2 '-2 parts of dithio-bis-benzothiazoles (DM), in mill, mix 2min and obtain two-stage mixing glue.
On vulcanizing press, vulcanize, 150 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress are 10MPa.The physical and mechanical properties of its rubber cover is seen table 1.
Embodiment 2
In two rod mills, add the nanoclay/tree elastomer rubber master batch (Siping City Liu house, Jilin Province mining industry ltd) that contains 5 parts of nanoclays, 80 parts of tree elastomers, 10 parts in styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) (SBR1502) and cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber (BR9000) are plasticated for 10 parts; Add 2 parts of 5 parts in zinc oxide and Triple Pressed Stearic Acid then successively, 2,2; 4-trimethylammonium-1,1 part of 2-dihyaroquinoline (RD), 1 part of N-(4-anilino phenyl) maleimide (MC); 3 parts of solid silicone coupling agents, 50 parts of carbon black N220 carry out once mixing; After parking 12 hours; Add linking agent and additional crosslinker: 2 parts in sulphur and 4,2 parts of 4`-dimorpholinyl disulfides (DTDM) mix in mill and obtain two-stage mixing glue.
On vulcanizing press, vulcanize, 150 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress are 10MPa.The physical and mechanical properties of its rubber cover is seen table 1.
Embodiment 3
In two rod mills, add the nanoclay/tree elastomer rubber master batch 380g that contains 8 parts of nanoclays and 100 parts of tree elastomers, 10 parts in styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) (SBR1502) and cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber (BR9000) are plasticated for 30 parts; Add 5 parts in zinc oxide and 2 parts of Triple Pressed Stearic Acid then successively, 1 part of N-(4-anilino phenyl) maleimide (MC), 1 part of N-sec.-propyl-N`-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine (4010NA); 3 parts of solid silicone coupling agents, 60 parts of carbon black N330 carry out once mixing; After parking 12 hours; Add linking agent and additional crosslinker: 2 parts in sulphur and 4,2 parts of 4`-dimorpholinyl disulfides (DTDM) mix in mill and obtain two-stage mixing glue.
On vulcanizing press, vulcanize, 150 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress are 10MPa.The physical and mechanical properties of its rubber cover is seen table 1.
Embodiment 4
In two rod mills, add the nanoclay/tree elastomer rubber master batch that contains 8 parts of nanoclays, 70 parts of tree elastomers, 10 parts in styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) (SBR1502) and cis-1,4-polybutadiene rubber (BR9000) are plasticated for 10 parts, add 2 parts of 5 parts in zinc oxide and Triple Pressed Stearic Acid then successively; 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1; 1 part of 2-dihyaroquinoline (RD), (4020) 1 parts of N-(1; 3 parts of solid silicone coupling agents, 40 parts of carbon black N115 carry out once mixing; After parking 12 hours, add linking agent and additional crosslinker: 2 parts of 2 parts in sulphur and tetramethyl-thiuram disulfides (TMTD) mix in mill and obtain two-stage mixing glue.
On vulcanizing press, vulcanize, 150 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress are 10MPa.The physical and mechanical properties of its rubber cover is seen table 1.
The comparative example 1
In two rod mills, add tree elastomer (commercially available 10# standard glue) 500g and plasticate, add zinc oxide 25g and Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 10g then successively; 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1; 2-dihyaroquinoline (RD) 5g, N-sec.-propyl-N`-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine (4010NA) 5g, solid silicone coupling agent 15g; Carbon black N115200g, carry out once mixing, park 12 hours after; Add linking agent and additional crosslinker: sulphur 9g and 2,2 '-dithio-bis-benzothiazole (DM) 10g mixes in mill and obtains two-stage mixing glue.On vulcanizing press, vulcanize, 150 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress are 10MPa.The physical and mechanical properties of its rubber cover is seen table 1.
The comparative example 2
In two rod mills, add tree elastomer (commercially available 10# standard glue) 400g, styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR) (SBR1502) 100g plasticates, and adds zinc oxide 25g and Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 10g then successively; 2,2,4-trimethylammonium-1; 2-dihyaroquinoline (RD) 5g, N-sec.-propyl-N`-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine (4010NA) 5g, solid silicone coupling agent 15g; Carbon black N115 200g, carry out once mixing, park 12 hours after; Add linking agent and additional crosslinker: sulphur 9g and 4,4`-dimorpholinyl disulfide (DTDM) 10g mixes in mill and obtains two-stage mixing glue.On vulcanizing press, vulcanize, 150 ℃ of curing temperatures, sulfide stress are 10MPa.The physical and mechanical properties of its rubber cover is seen table 1.
Table 1: the performance of the embodiment of the invention and Comparative Examples relatively
|
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 4 |
Comparative Examples 1 |
Comparative Examples 2 |
Shao A hardness |
60 |
62 |
60 |
65 |
63 |
63 |
300% tensile modulus/MPa |
8.5 |
8.3 |
8.0 |
8.7 |
6.7 |
6.7 |
Tensile strength/MPa |
28.4 |
27.8 |
27.9 |
28.2 |
23.3 |
22.4 |
Elongation at break/% |
630 |
647 |
656 |
624 |
676 |
657 |
Tension set/% |
20 |
24 |
24 |
20 |
28 |
28 |
Angle tear strength/KN/m |
120 |
107 |
104 |
112 |
90 |
86 |
Cylinder abrasion/mm
3 |
75 |
68 |
80 |
69 |
93 |
93 |
-40 ℃ of tensile strength/MPa |
34.0 |
32.7 |
33.5 |
34.3 |
33.7 |
32.5 |
-40 ℃ of elongation at break/% |
579 |
520 |
546 |
585 |
430 |
358 |
70 ℃ of * 7d aging coefficients |
0.84 |
0.85 |
0.87 |
0.89 |
0.62 |
0.64 |
Anti-cutting quality loss/g |
1.68 |
1.59 |
1.63 |
1.67 |
1.87 |
1.90 |
The physical and mechanical properties testing method of conveyer belt coating rubber is come the mechanical property of test compound material by the ASTMD412 standard.Stretching experiment adopts the wide cut-off knife system dumbbell plate of 6.00mm without exception, tears experiment and tears sample for perpendicular type.Draw speed is 500mm/min, and probe temperature is 23 ℃.The cryogenic stretching performance test is accomplished on high low temperature puller system, and the temperature of high-low temperature chamber is tested according to the tensile property testing standard after being set to-40 ℃.Cutting resistance can test be to adopt the RCC-I of all things on earth Yifang Technology Co., Ltd. type rubber dynamic machine of anti-cutting test the in Beijing to test test condition: cutting knife frequency of impact: 2Hz, sample rotating speed: 720rpm.Experimental result is represented with the quality loss of sample before and after the test.Other performance tests are all accomplished according to the ASTM standard.
The physical and mechanical properties of the embodiment that surveys is tensile strength>=27.0MPa, tensile yield>=500%, angle tear strength>=100KN/m, cylinder wear(ing)value≤80mm
3, hardness 60-65A (Shao Er).
Comparative example 1 and 2 the general tree elastomer of rubber cover, its each item physical and mechanical properties all is starkly lower than embodiment.Adopt nanoclay/tree elastomer rubber master batch in the present invention, can effectively improve tear strength, in use effectively suppress crack propagation, also can further improve the tensile strength of rubber cover and the work-ing life of conveying belt.