CN102505552A

CN102505552A - Energy efficient tmp refining of destructured chips

Info

Publication number: CN102505552A
Application number: CN2011103560567A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·J·萨布林; L·金格拉斯
Original assignee: Andritz Inc
Current assignee: Andritz Inc
Priority date: 2004-07-08
Filing date: 2005-07-08
Publication date: 2012-06-20
Also published as: US20060006265A1; CN101619546A; SE530995C2; SE0900071L; CN1718914A; US20070272778A1; US7300550B2; CN1718921A; JP4674125B2; RU2005121425A; SE534607C2; CN101619546B; JP5469588B2; US20060006264A1; US7713381B2; RU2373314C2; SE0801736L; US20080083520A1; US7300540B2; SE532193C2

Abstract

A system and method for thermomechanical refining of wood chips comprises preparing the chips for refining by exposing the chips to an environment of steam to soften the chips, compressively destructuring and dewatering the softened chips to a solids consistency above 55 percent, and diluting the destructured and dewatered chips to a consistency in the range of about 30 to 55 percent. The destructuring partially defibrates the material. This diluted material is fed to a rotating disc primary refiner wherein each of the opposed discs has an inner ring pattern of bars and grooves and an outer ring pattern of bars and grooves. The destructured and partially defibrated chips are substantially completely defibrated in the inner ring and the resulting fibers are fibrillated in the outer ring. The compressive destructuring, dewatering, and dilution can all be implemented in one integrated piece of equipment immediately upstream of the primary refiner, and the fiberizing and fibrillating are both achieved between only one set of relatively rotating discs in the primary refiner.

Description

High intensity refiner plate with inner fiberizing zone

Divide an application

The application divides an application, and the application number of original application is 200510082553.7, and the applying date is on July 8th, 2005, and denomination of invention is " high intensity refiner plate with inner fiberizing zone ".

Related application

The application is that application on July 8th, 2004, title are the not authorization U.S. Patent application No.10/888 of " Energy Efficient TMPRefining of Destructured Chips "; 135 part subsequent application; At 35U.S.C.120 with require its interests 121 times, and merge here with reference to its content.

Background of invention

The present invention relates to be used for the equipment and the method for the hot machinery pulping of lignocellulosic material (especially wood chip).

Over past ten years, the quality of the mechanical pulp of the technological manufacturing of hot machinery pulping (TMP) is existing to be improved, but the big energy consumption that technology increased of these power consumptions has applied bigger stimulation when keeping quality even for energy efficiency.Basic principle when keeping quality in the process of the latest developments of energy efficiency development is, chip material is carried out in the differentiation of different equipment with processing, from the fibrillation of fiber axial direction fibre separate and fibration so that make paper pulp.Carry out the step of front at the special equipment at the refiner upper reaches; Said special equipment uses the low-energy-consumption that matches with operation and fiber separation than low degree, and the refiner of high energy does not have the fiber separation function of energy shortage and can all energy all more effectively be put in the fibrillation function.Because the fibrillation function need therefore this be essential than fiber separation (defibre) more energy.

These development have improved energy efficiency really, especially in the system that uses the high speed disk.Yet, especially for the system that does not use the high speed refiner, with regard at the moment, owing to need the device that is more expensive or that take up room of main refiner, so chronic energy efficient deviation slightly.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of refiner plate structure, said structure can be in the production than the high-quality calorimetric machinery pulping of promotion under the low-energy-consumption.

In essence, or even in the system that does not use the high speed refiner, the present invention has also realized significant energy efficiency, reduces the scope and the complexity of the required device in the refiner upper reaches simultaneously.

In broad aspect; The related system that the present invention relates to panel element, plate structure and be used for the hot machine finish of wood chip; The fragment of wherein breaking (destructured) and part defibre is fed in the disk master refiner of rotation; Wherein relatively each in the disk all has the inside band pattern of bar and groove and the external belt pattern of bar and groove so that in the band of inside realization during the fibration of fragment (defibre) and resulting fiber externally are with basically completely by fibrillation.

An embodiment relates to a pair of relative crew-served refiner plate element; Said refiner plate element is for the differentiation of the fibrous material that is used for two refining gaps between the relative counterrotating refining disk and the design of refining flat disc refiner; Wherein will directly be arranged to such an extent that face each other at relative the above panel element of refining disk; Wherein said improvement comprises that two panel elements all are formed with inside band that comprises bar and groove and the external belt that comprises bar and groove; Each inside with on bar and groove form the internal feed zone that there is the peripheral operation zone back; Bar on each external belt and groove form the internal feed zone that there is the peripheral operation zone back, and are positioned to formed gap and/or material flow region when facing each other having increased between built-in function zone and the outside supply area when said plate.

Best, the operating area of inner band is limited in first pattern of bar that replaces and groove, and the supply area of external belt is limited in second pattern of bar that replaces and groove.Inside with on operating area on first pattern have the narrow groove of groove than second pattern on the supply area on the external belt, thereby form the discontinuity on the geometry.Basically can make with extra care the fibration of the fragment in the operating area of accomplishing inner band down in low-intensity, and carry out the fibrillation of fiber in the operating area of under the refining intensity of littler plate crack and Geng Gao, externally being with.

Correlation technique preferably includes following steps: said fragment is exposed under the steam ambient so that softening said fragment; Make that through squeezing softening fragment is broken (destructuring) and is dewatered to the denseness greater than about 55%; The fragment of breaking and dewater is diluted to about denseness of 30% to 55%; The fragment that is diluted is fed in the disk refiner of outside patterned rotation of inside band pattern and bar and groove that each disk wherein all has bar and groove; Make fragment fibration (fiber separation) in the inner band, and externally make formed fiber fibrillation in the band.

Can in an intact device part at the positive upper reaches of main refiner, carry out squeezing and break, dewater and dilute, and only between one group of counterrotating disk of main refiner, realize fibration and fibrillation.

With compare with respect to the energy relationship of known TMP pulping process, made up the TMP process for purification new, simplification of breaking pressurization screw rod discharger and fibration plate and shown the TMP characteristics of pulp of effective raising.This method has been improved the characteristics of pulp/energy relationship of TMP and low confining force/high pressure TMP refining system at least.Low confining force/high pressure TMP refining system is being operated under standard refined machine disk speed or higher disk speed between 75psig and the 95psig usually.

Under higher refining pressure, improved the fiber separation efficient of inner band.Under the situation that increases refiner disk speed, further increased the fiber separation level.

The thermomechanical pulp that the manufacturing of (holdback) external belt is pushed down in use with use the paper pulp of discharging the external belt manufacturing to compare to have higher bulk strength characteristic.A kind of structure in back needs less energy and has low shive content for given beating degree.

Compare with control TMP and low confining force/high pressure TMP refined pulp, for given beating degree, using the specific energy saving of the inventive method combined with discharging external belt is 15% to 32%.

In most applications, the bar/groove in the operating area of external belt (fibrillation) must be thinner with the bar/groove in the operating area of (fiber separation) than inside.For the manufacturing machine paper pulp fiber, must at first carry out fiber separation (separating) and make its fibrillation (peeling off of fibre wall material) afterwards from timber structure to fiber.Key property of the present invention is that the operating area of inner band mainly carries out fiber separation and the operating area of external belt mainly carries out fibrillation.A remarkable novel feature of the present invention is to have maximized the separation of these two mechanisms in the machine and can more effectively optimize fibre length and characteristics of pulp with respect to energy relationship through this point.Because the fiber separation in the inner band occurs on the bigger fragment, the therefore relevant bar and the operating area pattern of groove can not be too thin.Otherwise, fragment can not pass the groove of inner band fully and distributed equably.Be smaller than the fiber separation material in the inner band supply area as the fiber separation material that is received in the external belt supply area in the band internally and be distributed to the external belt operating area; Therefore, the pattern of bar in the external belt operating area and groove thin than in the inner band.Compare with traditional handicraft, another advantage of the present invention is that (that is the higher fiber-covered rate on the refiner plate) all can take place to distribute more uniformly in inside band and external belt.Better supply with and mean that better supplys is stable, this has reduced the refiner load swing, thereby helps the pulp quality that keeps more unified.

For with traditional TMP system compatible, although the operating area place of inner panel has gap more closely, composite plate of the present invention can be revised to such an extent that allow opposing steam flow.Usually, at least one is used in the face of plate can comprise some steam is directed to internal feed zone or more the opposing steam flow raceway groove of the internal clearance of upstream position, the internal clearance of branch's built-in function location simultaneously from outer gap.

Significant advantage of the present invention is that it helps the minimizing of the time of staying under each functional steps of overall TMP technology.Since the size of fibrous material each step reduced fully so that operating pressure almost but so this is in the cards with the fiber heating and soften to desired level moment.Can think that said technology has three functional steps: fragment, (2) said fragment fiber separation and the said defibre material of (3) fibrillation are made in (1).Apparatus structure should be realized being discharged to minimizing the time of staying of refiner inlet from dipping pressurization screw rod discharger.(for example, machine is supplied with in banded supply machine or side charging) the almost instantaneous operation of refiner feedway is so that start the step (2) in the inner band.Inner band design should realize the time of staying that unrestricted material passes.Some inner band designs can have than other inner band longer demurrages of design so that defibre is effectively carried out Fibrotic situation but the clean time of staying still is less than in separating component.The almost instantaneous external belt that passes to of defibre material, execution in step (3) there.Here, the time of staying is also lower.The actual time of staying in the external belt will be by being selected to such an extent that make characteristics of pulp and energy consume the design appointment of optimized plate.The advantage of the time of staying of this under each treatment step very low (minimum) (realized being used to this moment keep the pulp strength characteristic required fiber softening) is to make the optical characteristics optimization.The principal character of these plates comprises the inside band that is used for defibre and is used for Fibrotic inner band between said band, to have discontinuity zone so can have loose zone.

In the system described in International Application PCT/052003/022057, in less fiberizer refiner, make the chip separation fiber before wherein in being transported to main, elementary refiner, pressure will be lower in fibration (defibre) step.The fibration time of staying in the refiner that separates fully under the pressure is longer.Because the refining density of low-intensity is soft, therefore preferably keep lower temperature to help keeping brightness of pulp.Therefore high temperature was both unnecessary for keeping fibre strength in the defibre refiner does not expect yet.In the present invention, in same high pressure refiner housing, carry out defibre and fibrillation.In elevated pressures with than the refining intensity of hanging down in the inner band of the fibration (defibre) that is realized under the time of staying still is low.Irrelevant with high pressure (high temperature), this does not have adverse effect in brightness, and this is owing to the time of staying is so short.This is similar to United States Patent(USP) No. 5,776, the surprising beneficial effect of the low preheating time of staying at high temperature described in 305.

When in low stop/high pressure refining system, carrying out when of the present invention, because fragment heating rapidly during, therefore do not need the separation preheating conveyer at the positive upper reaches of refiner feedway from pressurization screw rod discharger normal transmission to refiner.Environment from allowance for expansion or chamber to rotating circular disk is the refiner operating pressure; For example; 75 to 95psig; And between the transmission period between pressurization screw rod discharger and the refiner, be preferably in below 10 seconds, be preferably in the 2-5 scope in second, be equivalent to preferably hang down the refining preheating time of staying of stop/high pressure in " time of staying " under the corresponding saturation temperature.

Usually; Can in multiple refiner system, be implemented under each treatment step and realize the technological advantage that the energy efficiency of quality TMP paper pulp is produced, and have and make the minimized inevitable advantage of parts, space and cost demand of the device that is used to carry out said technology with the minimum time.The biobelt geometry that has the discontinuity zone of refiner plate according to one aspect of the present invention can be used for various planar plate types, and said plate is not limited to (but comprising) folk prescription to two-in-one refiner smooth, reverse rotation, and two disk refiner.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the sketch map of the TMP refiner system of one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 A and B show the sketch map of the alternative embodiment of the dipping pressurization screw rod with dilution injection characteristic that is suitable for being used in combination with the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the part of refiner disc plate, shows inner fiberizer band and distinct outside fibrillation band;

It is right that Fig. 4 A and B show fibration band exemplary, that be respectively applied for angled bar of having of rotor and stator and groove;

Fig. 5 shows the right relation of fibration band of the fibration band inner at the transitional region place pair and outside;

It is right that Fig. 6 A and B show another exemplary fibration band with main bar and groove radially;

Fig. 7 A and B show exemplary outside fibrillation band with front view and side view respectively, and Fig. 7 C, D and E show bar and the sectional view of groove in crosscut outside, centre and the interior zone respectively;

Fig. 8 A, B and C show another exemplary outside fibrillation band with front view and sectional view respectively;

Fig. 8 D shows the side view and the front view of the external belt with crooked supply bar that is used for rotating disk respectively;

Fig. 8 E shows the side view and the front view of the exemplary relative external belt that is used for stator that the external belt with Fig. 8 D is used in combination respectively;

Fig. 9 is the sketch map that is used in the laboratory test with the plate of the measurement result of molded and the operating characteristic that obtains the internal fibrillation plate;

Figure 10 is the sketch map that is used in the laboratory test with the plate of the measurement result of molded and the operating characteristic that obtains the internal fibrillation plate;

Figure 11-18 shows the characteristics of pulp result of the various refiner series of tests that are used to reach research of the present invention aspect.

It is right that Figure 19 shows the rotor and the stator interior band of the branch road that in the internal stator band, has the backflow that is used to manage the steam that produces during refining;

Figure 20 is the view similar with Figure 19, shows another embodiment that is used for supporting through disk the branch road management opposing steam flow of internal stator band;

Figure 21 is the view similar with Figure 19, shows another embodiment of the lip-deep barrel reason opposing steam flow of the operating area that is used for through the inside band; And

Figure 22 is the view similar with Fig. 4 B, on the front surface of the operating area of inside band, is added with reverse flow steam groove according to the embodiment shown in Figure 21.

The description of preferred embodiment

1. summarize

Fig. 1 shows the related TMP refiner system 10 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Normal atmosphere portal plug screw rod feeder 12 is at atmospheric pressure P ₁From the S of source, receive preparatory boiling (presteamed) (softening) fragment under=0 psig and in pressure P ₂Wood chip with preparatory boiling under the=0psig is transported to steam pipe 14, and fragment is in pressure P in steam pipe 14 ₃Be exposed under the environment of saturated vapor down.Depend on system architecture, pressure P ₃Can be pressed onto about 15psig or scope from atmosphere in from 15psig to about 25psig, wherein the retention time arrived some minutes at several seconds.Chip is transported to dipping pressurization screw rod discharger 16.

The pressure P of dipping pressurization screw rod discharger 16 in about scope from 5psig to 25psig ₄Under have arrival end 18, be used to receive the boiling fragment.Best, dipping pressurization screw rod discharger 16 have with steam pipe 14 in pressure P ₃Identical inlet pressure P ₄Dipping pressurization screw rod discharger has and is used under the environment at saturated vapor under the high mechanical pressure, making that fragment stands the operating area 20 that dewaters and flood, and dipping, dehydration and the fragment that compresses as conditioned fragment in pressure P ₅Be discharged to the outlet side 22 of breathing space or chamber down, wherein in pressure P ₅Down conditioned fragment expands.Nozzle or similar installation are provided to such an extent that be used for maceration extract and dilution water are incorporated into the outlet side of screw device, dilution water whereby osmotic swelling fragment and in feed pipe 24, form refiner with said fragment and supply with material with 30% to 55% solid denseness.Perhaps, if especially except that dilution, do not need dipping, can be connected with dipping screw rod discharger but needn't realize diluting in the dilution chamber integrally formed with it.In this respect, the dipping of fragment or break be meant axial direction fibre separate surpass about 20%, but do not have fibrillation.

High-consistency master refiner is remaining on pressure P ₅Under housing 28 in have counterrotating disk, all have working plate on each disk, thereby said working plate is disposed in and defines the such space of external diameter that basically extends radially outwardly into disk from the internal diameter of disk in the aspectant coaxial relation.Each plate all has inner radial band and radially outer band, and each band all has the bar alternately and the pattern of groove.Inside with on pattern have bigger bar and groove and pattern on the external belt has less bar and groove.The refiner feedway of supplying with machine such as belt receives the supply material and in pressure P from the dilution zone that interrelates with dipping pressurization screw rod discharger (directly or through the intermediate buffering fin) ₆Down with materials conveyance to being in the space between the disk of disk inner radius basically.As will describe in detail after a while, fibration (defibre) and the external belt that inner band is accomplished chip material makes said fiber fibrillation.

Said system can be retrofitted in typical TMP or the low confining force/high pressure refining system.The scope of in following table, having summarized technology or parts condition:

The scope of the system condition in the scope of the invention

Fig. 2 A and B show the sketch map that the dipping pressurization screw rod 16 of characteristic is injected in dilution that has that is suitable for being used in combination with the present invention.According to the embodiment of Fig. 2 A, wherein show in center that chip material 32 is in operating area 20, the dehydration part, the diameter of punched hole tubular shape wall 34, rotatable co-axial shafts 36 and screw thread (flight) 38 is constant here.Fragment plug 40 is formed on the back that is positioned at the dehydration part in the plug portion of operating area just; But this backing be atresia and the axle do not have the screw thread shaft diameter to increase basically; Produce narrow flow section and high back pressure, said high back pressure has strengthened through outlet liquid the extruding from fragment in the wall that is formed on middle body.Can use the pipe compression insert (not shown) in the imperforate wall or from said wall, be projected into (not shown) such as rigid pins in the material of jam-pack and further strengthen or regulate flowing and dipping effect of shrinking.Said plug under being generally the mechanical pressure of 1000psi in 3000psi or the higher scope by high compression.Most of (if not whole words) dipping takes place in said plug.Fragment is broken basically fully, and wherein the part fiber separation has surpassed 20% (usually near 30% or higher).

At the end place of plug, the outlet side 22 of dipping screw rod discharger has the cross-sectional area of the increase between the interval conical surface 44 that is limited to the wall 42 that expands outwardly and aspectant refluence valve 46.Refluence valve 46 can be from the stop position axial adjustment in the cone tank 48 that is nested in dipping screw rod discharger axle 36 ends to maximum retracted position.This flow area of having regulated breathing space or volume 50 is simultaneously through having kept sealing 52 gentle degree against the chip material between the valve of expansion wall outer end, and this can be controlled in response to the transient pressure difference between supply pipe 24 and the dipping screw rod discharger 16.

In breathing space 50, steeping liq at high temperature is supplied to the associated nozzles (not shown) or through the pressurization annulus through a plurality of force pipes 54.Enter into the dehydration fragment fast Absorption steeping liq and the expansion of breathing space 50, help to form weak seal area at the place, end of breathing space.

Fig. 2 B shows alternative embodiment, and wherein through the dipping in the fluid flow openings 56 realization breathing spaces 50 is provided in the surface of taper refluence valve, said steeping liq is supplied by high-voltage tube through the beam warp of refluence valve.

Supply pipe 24 preferably is used for the dilution fragment that comes from dipping screw rod discharger 16 is introduced the vertical drop pipe of the feedway 30 that is mixed in refiner.It should be understood, however, that the pressure P in the supply pipe 24 ₅For with feedway 30 and refiner housing 28 in identical pressure.Between feedway 30 and refiner housing 28, can expect little supercharging or pressure drop, is such in the field of TMP usually.In any case the pressure from dipping pressurization screw rod discharger back to the whole zone of refiner housing is preferably in more than the 30psig usually, more than 45psig, this is far above pressurization screw rod discharger inlet steam pressure P usually ₄Yet plug 40 is by like this mechanical compress, that is, even at the pipe pressure height to 95psig or when higher because the expansion of pore in the fiber under the uncompressed state, compression plug also will expand rapidly in the breathing space.Therefore will be understood that helping aspect the validity of allowance for expansion, supply pipe can be used as expansion chamber.Practitioner in this field can easily revise the design and the relation of breathing space and supply pipe, so that expand and dilution mainly occurs in and is connected in dipping pressurization screw rod discharger but in the not integrally formed with it appointment expansion chamber.

(but unrestricted) as an example, the denseness in the plug-area under control are usually in the scope of 58%-65%, and in the breathing space with dipping/dilution, denseness is in the scope of 30%-55%.Target is to reach optimum refining denseness, usually about 35%-55%, thereby is transported to the refiner feedway so that be incorporated between the refiner plate.

Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the part of refiner disc plate 100, shows inner fiberizer band 102 and outside fibrillation band 104.Each band all can be the distinct panel element that is attachable to disk, and perhaps said band can be integrally formed on the common substrate that is attachable to disk.Each band all has internal feed zone 106,108 and peripheral operation zone 110,112.Operation (defibre) zone of inner band is all limited in first pattern of bar that replaces 114 and groove 116, and the supply area of external belt is all limited in second pattern of bar that replaces 118 and groove 120.Very thick bar 122 in the feeder zone 106 of inner band is directed in the defibre zone 110 of thinner bar and groove with the chip material that groove 124 will before have been broken.The fibration material mixes with top in conversion anchor ring 126 mutually afterwards, and it enters into the supply area 108 of external belt there.Usually, inside with on operating area 110 on first pattern have the narrower groove of groove than second pattern on the supply area on the external belt 108.The operation of external belt (fibrillation) zone 112 has the pattern of bar 128 and groove 130, and wherein groove 130 is narrower than the groove 116 of the operating area 110 of inner band.

The thick bar and the groove of the supply area 106 of the inside band on disk can be arranged side by side with the supply area on the relative disk that does not have bar and groove, easily will supply with material and be directed to the operating area of relative interior band just passable from banded feedway as long as supply with the shape of flow channel.Therefore, each inside with 102 all will have alternately a bar and groove 114,116 patterns outside, fibration zone 110 still relevant interior zone 106 needn't have the pattern of bar and groove.To be used for the known mode of " refining district " in the TMP refiner, the perimeter 112 of fibrillation band 104 can have a plurality of arranged radiallys district, such as 132,134, and/or a plurality of difference but laterally staggered field, such as 136,138.In Fig. 3; External belt 104 has inside, the supply area 108 that replaces bar and groove; And operating area 112 has the bar that replaces 128 of the trapezoidal appearance that conduct laterally repeats in regional 132 and first pattern of groove 130, and another pattern of the bar that replaces 140 of the horizontal trapezoidal appearance that repeats of conduct in the zone 134 of the circumference that extends to plate 144 and groove 142.

Inside with 102 and external belt 104 between annular space 126 can remove fully, perhaps as shown in Figure 3, some bars (such as 146 in the external belt supply area 108) may extend in this annular space.Annular space 126 has been delineated the radial dimension of inner band and external belt; Thereby inner with 102 radial width radial width less than external belt 104, preferably less than internally with 102 inner edge 148 to about 35% of total radius of the plate that encloses edge 144 of external belt 104.In addition, inside is with the radial width of 102 supply area 106 radial width greater than the operating area 110 of inside band, and inner radial width with the supply area 108 in 104 is less than the radial width of operating area 112.

Breaking also, the chip material of part defibre enters into the internal feed zone 106 that further defibre wherein can not take place; But said material is fed in the operating area 110, and the energy efficiency low-intensity effect of its king-rod and groove 114,116 makes all material defibre basically.Said plate can be advantageously used for the displacement plate in the refiner system, and they possibly not have relevant impregnating by pressure discharger.Under the situation that has impregnating by pressure screw rod discharger, break fully and the part defibre allows the plate designer to make to be used for to accomplish the radial width of operating area 110 of inside band of fiber separation use minimizes with energy together with the combination of the high heat at the refiner upper reaches.The pattern of bar and groove 114,116 and the width of operating area 110 can change along with the variation of the intensity and the time of staying.Even break under the situation with the part defibre being less than the desirable upper reaches; The plate designer also can increase the radial width in built-in function zone 110 and select a little reserved materials so that strengthen the pattern of operation; Simultaneously for the magma of given quality, gratifying fibrillation and total energy saving in the high density external belt 112 that still realizes shortening.

Composite plate shown in Fig. 3 only is a representation.Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 show other areas of feasible solutions that are used for inner band.Fig. 4 A shows an inner band 150A and Fig. 4 B shows relative inside band 150B.Relative interior band 150A arranged side by side that Fig. 5 shows and the sketch map of 150B, wherein the part of associated

external band

152A and 152B is installed in the refiner.The supply gap 154 of inner band is preferably crooked, so that the radially operating clearance 156 of supply material band towards inside that will receive from " eyelet " of the disk of axial transmission direction changes directions.Best, feeder bar (very thick bar) is spaced greater than the size of the material in supplying with.For example, limit minimum in three kinds of sizes of fragment (chip thickness) one and be generally 3-5mm.This can be avoided violent bump, and said violent bump can cause the fibre damage in the wooden matrix.In most applications, the minimum clearance of operating period should be 5mm.The exterior section that thick feeder bar has to the inside band is provided with unique function of suitable feed distribution and is not taken on the fragment working, and the feeder bar is arranged on the internal rotor band, but whether definitely must be located on the stator interior band.

It should be understood that the geometry that is used in the conventional panels on the flat disc refiner has the radius of the inner edge of slave plate to outer rim.Two planar plate have constituted relative a pair of in the time of in being installed in refiner; Each (for example all has the projection of comprising and relief fabric; Bar, groove, groove) working face, when shown in Fig. 5, seeing past tense, between plate, form the refining gap of radially extending transverse to axis.This gap has the shape of the internal diameter of slave plate to the external diameter change.Said gap and gap shape are limited the size between the top surface of relative raised structures (bar) and when material is radially advanced, directly influence the flow area that material can be used between plates.In any radial position place, total flow area also comprises any groove or the cross-sectional area of groove between the bar.R at plate inner edge place _iR to the outer rim place _oWhole radial distance on overall change on the flow area, comprise the gap between the traditional planar disk, can be expressed as dA/dr＜0.

Under situation of the present invention, the change rate of flow area can be expressed as:

From R _iTo R _aDA/dr＜0

From R _aTo R _bDA/dr＞0

From R _bTo R _oDA/dr＜0

Wherein, R _i＜R _a＜R _b＜R _o

R _aWith R _bBetween the area that increases can regard as between inner band and the external belt transition portion or the discontinuous or loose volume at the place, supply area of transition part office or external belt.The material of separated fiber enters into this loose volume in the operating area of inside band, and material is by the supply pipe in the supply area of external belt and groove mixing and distribution there.

Gap shape as shown in Figure 5 has transmission internal feed part 154, is the built-in function zone gap 156 of best radial convergence in the inside minimum clearance that can under basic gap uniformly, radially extend afterwards.After the ratio of having assembled 10% to 30% on about one inch distance, the operating area gap has reached the minimum degree of about 1.5-3.0mm, preferably about 2.0mm.Well width in this operating area preferably is not more than 3.0mm less than about 4.0mm.When the separated fiber of said material, this groove orientation preferably promotes the outside pumping of material.Discontinuous transition portion 160 has the suddenly increase greater than 4.0mm in the gap, interrelate with the supply area of external belt.This can and be the peripheral operation part in the outside minimum fibrillation gap of radial convergence in the 0.5-1.0mm scope through the supply area convergence afterwards.This gap have radially extend to the outlet in peripheral operation zone from inlet to built-in function zone, the straight line center.

The internal feed in said gap partly comprises the trachytic texture of the thick pattern with feeder bar and groove, and the built-in function zone comprises the thinner defibre pattern of bar and groove.The transition portion that obtains discontinuous or relaxing effect can comprise the thick pattern of feeder of another bar and groove, and the peripheral operation zone comprises the thinner fibrillation pattern of bar and groove.In most of implementations, the groove in the operating area of inner band will be less than the groove in the supply area of external belt.Groove in the operating area of inner band will be greater than the groove in the operating area of external belt.Synthetically, the intensity that material experienced in the operating area of inner band is lower than the intensity that rapidoprint experienced in the operating area of external belt.

The increase that it should be understood that the flow area of transition part office can realize through the combination of the change in gap and the well width.If it is bigger that the gap increases, the supply area of external belt just needn't be thicker than the operating area of inside band so.The flaccid material flow area takes place after the minimum gap width in defibre zone at once increase dA/dr＞0 (wherein area A also is in minimum in the defibre zone).Can increase the relative smooth annular groove on (a) two plates through the lax area of following any one or multiple realization, radially be arranged between inner band and the external belt; (b) the smooth annular groove on plate and the leading-in end (seeing Fig. 8 D and E) of the relative thick and/or cutting on some the outside feeder bars on the plate relatively; (c) loop configuration on each relative plate has the leading-in end (see figure 7) on some outside feeder bars; And (d) do not have a loop configuration, but thick feeder bar has or does not have cutting or thin feeder bar has the introducing end slot on all feeder bars.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, bar and groove in inner being with are angled with respect to radius, thereby if rotation is pushed down the free centrifugal flow in the inner band and increased the time of staying to the left, and if rotate to the right and quicken to flow.In the embodiment of Fig. 6, inner band 162A and 162B have the orientation basically radially that neither can suppress also can not strengthen centrifugal flow.

Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the bar at defibre area entry place, for example the perimeter of inner band has long cutting 164, and that perhaps wedges gradually is close-shaped.Usually, the inlet in the fibration gap 156 between the band of inside be radially or be similar to (not significantly discrete conversion) radially.This also can be avoided for the strong bump on the wood chip.Usually should be the drop height of 5mm in the gradient of the above cutting of radial distance of 15-50mm.The gradient that is obtained is 1: 5 to 1: 10, but 1: 3 to 1: 15 gradient also is desirable under 3 to 10 drop height.Relative with the high-strength impact of traditional break bar of operation under tight crack, be that the low-intensity that wedge shape defines fragment " is peeled off ".Operating clearance 156 in the operating area of inner panel can outwards narrow down on up to 3 inches distance gradually.If cutting 164 is in the low scope (for example, 1: 3) of angle, should use the tapering in big gap 156 so, for example, at least 1: 40.This will be easy to feed in gap more closely.The exterior section of inner band is preferably ground with tapering, depends on application, and its scope is 2 degree from smooth to about.Bigger tapering and bigger operating clearance will reduce the operational ton in the band of inside.The structure of the perimeter of inner band is such, that is, it should make supplies with minimizing on the material, so that fibre length is remained on maximum, the while is defibre suitably.

Well width in the fibration zone 110 should preferably be approximately the minimum operation gap in fibration zone less than wood particle.Usually, can be by groove width in 4mm.This has guaranteed that wood particle will be processed rather than has been clashed between bar and by the bar of relative disk by wedge in the gap.

In fibration interior zone 110, before passing annular space 126 and entering into 160 places of external belt 104, fragment is reduced to fiber and fibre bundle.Said band can be similar to known high-consistency refiner plate structure.When fiber is separated by major part, they will no longer stand high-strength impact.What can from Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, find out is, if untreated fragment can get into the feeder zone 108 of external belt, when fragment is wedged in two thick bars 118, they will stand high-strength impact between 120 the time.If fragment is suitably separated in fibrous inside band 102, so just no longer include bulk and stay, so they can not stand such effect.

The inlet of the perimeter of inner band has the radial transition part, or approaches radially (that is, to see that towards it past tense has the arc of substantially constant radius).When the piece greater than the gap promptly was forced in the gap, the about-face in the radial position that lapped face begins caused the loss of fibre length usually.The place that begins in the zone has long cutting (the longer the better), and the size of the material of being supplied with will reduce must be enough to enter into the formed gap of working face (Fig. 5 is not shown) up to little (rugosity reduces) gradually.In order to increase operating efficiency and/or to increase the energy input in the inner panel, can use surperficial lower baffle plate or surperficial baffle plate.

Also can in so-called " tapered disk ", carry out the functional division between inner band and the external belt, it has smooth initial refining district, is the refining district of taper in the identical refiner afterwards.In this case, fibration band of the present invention will use smooth refining district to replace, afterwards will be refining for the tradition in the tapering part " mainboard ".Usually, the tapering part that is used for said refiner has the angle cone of 30 or 45 degree, and for example, it is 15 or 22.5 to spend with the angle of trochoidal surface.A kind of like this example of conical disc refiner has been described in the United States Patent(USP) No. of being applied on August 11st, 1,981 4,283,016.Therefore, when using in this article, " disk " comprises conical disc, and but " basically radially " comprises the outwards directed usually of conical refiner angled gap.Difference uses a technical term " flat disc ", and wherein shown in accompanying drawing, disk and/or plate be smooth basically on entire working surface.

Two embodiment outside, the fibrillation band have been shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.They can have from high density to very low-density scope.For its notion is shown, Fig. 7 is the typical case of the directed external belt 166 of high density.Fig. 8 shows very low-density amphiorentation design 182.Can use various other bars/groove structure, such as (seeing United States Patent(USP) No. 5,893,525) with variable pitch.

It is 166 thick and have a forward supply area 172 that orientation is with; This has reduced the time of staying and energy input capability in the said zone; Force more energy to be supplied in the exterior section of said band; This then increased the labour intensity that applies on it, thereby will operation under gap more closely.The operating area of external belt has two zones 168,170, and its perimeter 168 has the groove thinner than region in front 170.Some or whole groove (such as 176 in the zone 168) can limit and the slightly angled special-purpose raceway groove of the real radius of said band, and other grooves (such as 180 in another zone 170) can have surface or surperficial lower baffle plate 174,178.In a word, external belt 166 is similar with the external belt 112 of Fig. 3.

As another example, the variable pitch pattern 182 of Fig. 8 has main radial channels, and has no centrifugal supply angle.Supply area 190 is very short, and operating area 188 well width that can have evenly or replace, or as shown in 184 and 186, have and replace or variable well width.This allows the longer time of staying in the plate, and combined with a large amount of bar crossings, allows low intensive power conversion, and this causes bigger sheet separation.

Externally in the variation of band, the internal feed zone of external belt is designed to be and prevents that fiber is back to inner band from external belt.Fig. 8 D shows the external belt 192 of rotating disk, has the crooked supply area 194 of supplying with bar 195.Relative stator band 196 shown in Fig. 8 E does not have the bar relative with bent stick in the internal feed zone, be contained on the external belt 192 thereby bar 195 is supplied with in relative bending.A kind of like this method has also guaranteed to be in respectively defibre step and the separation fully between the fibrillation step in inner band and the external belt.

Shown in figure, in the supply area of rotor and/or stator band (such as pyramid and relative radial bars), crooked (syringe) bar 195 of supplying with can optionally have other structures, to help material is assigned to the operating area from bent stick.Therefore, the surface of the radial extent of the supply area 194 of rotor can be completely or partially be occupied by outstanding bent stick 195, and the surface of the radial extent of the supply area 198 of stator can wholely be smooth, or is partly occupied by distribution structure.The bent stick 195 of rotor banding is outstanding distance greater than the bar height in the operating area in supply area 194, but the apparent surface's in the supply area 198 flatness is regulated height greatly.

Usually, the pattern of bar on the whole operation zone of inner band and groove has first average (preferably uniform) density and the pattern of bar on the whole supply area of external belt and groove has second on average the density of (preferably evenly but lower).

Like what below will describe, when main refining disk diameter therein is that the present invention has shown significant advantage when proving in 36 inches the pilot plant.The present invention is especially suitable when carrying out in having about 45 to 60 inches scopes or in the bigger refiner of bigger disk diameter.

2. know from experience in the pilot plant laboratory

Therefore the combination of inner band of fibration and high efficiency external band is the pith of this technology.Carry out the optimization of this technology through in two steps, moving Andritz pressurization 36-1CP table roller refiner, at first only use inner panel, only use external plates afterwards.Use has 1/2 outside mesozone and whole outside area and grinds special-purpose Durametal D14 B002 three district's refiner plates of as the inner panel (see figure 9).The inside 1/2 of zone line is used for the wood chip that fibration is broken.Supplying with (discharge) and keeping using Durametal 36604 directed refiner plates as the external plates (see figure 10) in (inhibition) refining structure.

Use the refiner inner panel to form three refining structures so that simulate following technique change:

1.TMPA [2-3sec stops (i) 85psig, 1800rpm] ii) seen tables of data A1.

2.TMPB [2-3sec stops (i) 85psig, 2300rpm] ii) seen tables of data A2

3.TMP [2-3sec stops (i) 50psig, 1800rpm] iii) seen tables of data A3.

I) be discharged to the stop that refiner enters the mouth from the pressurization screw rod.

Ii) steam pipe pressure=5psi stopped=30 seconds.

Iii) steam pipe pressure=20psi stopped=3 minutes.

Being used to represent to flood the prefix that pressurization screw rod discharger breaks with the combination of fibration inner panel is f-.Therefore the name that is used for aforementioned structure is called:

1)f-TMPA

2)f-TMPB

3)f-TMP

Under each similar pressure condition and refiner speed, use refiner external plates refined fiberization (f) material afterwards, promptly

1) f-TMPA external plates: 85psig, 1800rpm

2) f-TMPB external plates: 85psig, 2300rpm

3) f-TMP external plates: 50psig, 1800rpm

Applying most of specific energy at refiner external plates run duration is supplied.Externally the plate run duration is estimated refiner plate directed (discharge and suppress) and is applied the different condition of power in this research.

Then under three grades of specific energys that applied, in sub-atmos Andritz401 refiner, make with extra care every kind of elementary refined pulp.

In the impregnating by pressure discharger, there be not to have produced under the situation of breaking of wood chip control TMP series yet.This is to be reduced to 9.4ODMTPD through the speed of production with the internal control operation from 24.1ODMTPD to realize.This has reduced the obstruction of fragment among the PMSD effectively.During the control internal operation, make said plate retreat and reduce so that can only use break bar to carry out size.That is the effective purification operations that, does not have refiner fibration bar at the back at break bar.Use external plates refining internal fragmentation in the 36-1CP refiner afterwards.In the Andritz401 refiner, making with extra care elementary refined pulp under what specific energy afterwards.

TABLE A shows the title of the every kind of refiner series that produces in this experimental study.Also show corresponding sample sign.

Table A

Title *=technology, 1ry refiner speed (1800rpm or 2300rpm), 1ry external structure (ex or hb), 1ry makes with extra care beating degree

* is because elementary refiner beating degree is too high so bad.

The refiner series of producing through the elementary external plates under suppressing has than uses discharges bigger sheet separation of respective series that external plates produces and the long fiber content of Geng Gao.This permission will be pushed down the refining long fiber content that keeps paper pulp for low elementary beating degree simultaneously of series.

Figure 11-18 shows the characteristics of pulp result of the most of refiner series that is produced in this research.Because it is intensive so from figure, got rid of under low-down elementary beating degree (＜two series 500ml) being produced.

Figure 11. beating degree is to specific energy

Control TMP series has the highest specific energy requirement for given beating degree.F-TMP series has the second high specific energy requirement, is f-TMPA series afterwards.F-TMPB series has minimum specific energy requirement for given beating degree.

The specific energy requirement of each diagram refiner series under the beating degree of TABLE B comparison 150ml.Its result comes from linear interpolation.

Specific energy under showing B.150ml

	Specific energy (kWh/MT)
		f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	1889
f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	1975
		f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	1626
f-TMP?1800ex597ml	2060
		f-TMP?1800hb524ml	2175
TMP?1800hb664ml	2411
		f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)	2111＊
f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)	1411＊

* pass through extrapolation

For the beating degree of 150ml, f-TMPB 2300ex series (combination of fibration, TMPB and high-strength plate) has the energy requirement than control TMP series low 32%.For the beating degree of 150ml, f-TMPA 1800hb and f-TMPA 1800ex series have the energy requirement than control TMP series low 18% and 22% respectively.F-TMP hb and f-TMPex series have the energy requirement than control TMP series low 10% and 15% respectively.Its result shows transformation/replacing pressurization screw rod discharger and refiner plate can produce substantial recovery aspect the investment that have the TMP system.

Figure 12. tension index contrast ability

F-TMPB series paper pulp has the highest tension coefficient under the given specific energy that applies, be that f-TMPA series then is f-TMP series afterwards.Control f-TMP series paper pulp has minimum tension coefficient under the given specific energy that applies.

With respect to there not being chemically treated respective series, for pressurization screw rod discharger adds about 3% sodium hydrogensulfite (NaHSO ₃) increased the tension coefficient.

Through having 3.1%NaHSO ₃With the application of 1754kWh/ODMT, f-TMPB2300ex (3.1%NaHSO ₃) series obtained the tension coefficient of 52.5Nm/g.

Figure 13. the tension coefficient is to beating degree

Not chemically treated series

The line that has two tension coefficient results.Lower line is represented to use and is pushed down the series that external plates produces.Use is pushed down external plates and is approximately 10% in the average increase aspect the tension coefficient.It should be noted, because the shortcoming of fibration A3 material is not carried out f-TMPBhb series in this test.

Bisulf iotate-treated series

Bisulfites to f-TMPA ex series and f-TMPB ex series interpolation about 3% is elevated to the level similar or higher with inhibition of pulp with the tension coefficient.

Relatively each refiner is serial under the beating degree of 150ml for TABLE C.Employed regression equation is included among Figure 13 in the interpolation method.

Tension coefficient under showing C.150ml

	Tension coefficient (Nm/g)
		f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	43.8
f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	47.7
		f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	42.4
f-TMP?1800ex597ml	43.5
		f-TMP?1800hb524ml	48.1
TMP?1800hb664ml	48.2
		f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)	47.0＊
f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)	47.9＊

* pass through extrapolation

Figure 14. damage coefficient compares beating degree

Use is pushed down the refiner series that external plates produces and is had the highest damage coefficient and long fiber content.

Relatively refiner is serial under the beating degree of 150ml for TABLE D.Use linear interpolation to obtain the damage coefficient value.

Damage coefficient under showing D.150ml

	Damage coefficient (mNm ²/g)
		?f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	9.0
?f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	9.9
		?f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	8.7
?f-TMP?1800ex597ml	8.6
		?f-TMP?1800hb524ml	9.3
?TMP?1800hb664ml	9.1
		?f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)＊	9.7
?f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)＊	8.8

* pass through extrapolation

F-TMPAhb paper pulp has the highest damage coefficient.F-TMPAex and f-TMPBex paper pulp have similar damage coefficient result.

Figure 15. breaking factor compares beating degree

Use is pushed down f-TMPA1800hb and the f-TMPhb series that external plates produces and under given beating degree, is had the highest breaking factor.Use discharge external plates, f-TMPA1800ex, f-TMPex, f-TMPB2300ex series under given beating degree, to have lower breaking factor.

Adding about 3% bisulfites will use the breaking factor of discharging the series that external plates produced to be elevated to and push down external plates and be transferred to the similar level of not chemically treated series.

TABLE E is with respect to the more interpolated breaking factor result of the beating degree of 150ml.

Breaking factor under showing E.150ml

	Breaking factor (kPa.m ²/g)
		?f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	2.51
?f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	2.85
		?f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	2.30
?f-TMP?1800ex597ml	2.38
		?f-TMP?1800hb524ml	2.76
?TMP?1800hb664ml	2.45
		?f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)＊	2.98
?f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)＊	2.67

* pass through extrapolation

Figure 16. shive content compares beating degree

Control TMP paper pulp has the highest shive content level.Use discharging refiner series that external plates produced has than through pushing down the low shive content level of respective series that external plates produces.Can know that what find out is that the f-preliminary treatment helps to reduce shive content.

TABLE F is with respect to the shive content level of more interpolated each the refiner series of the beating degree of 150ml.

Shive content under showing F.150ml

	Shive content (%)
		f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	0.70
f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	1.35
		f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	0.31
f-TMP?1800ex597ml	0.37
		f-TMP?1800hb524ml	1.61
TMP?1800hb664ml	2.63
		f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)＊	0.59
f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)＊	0.18

* pass through extrapolation

Through or the f-TMPB ex series that add not produce through bisulfites have minimum shive content level.The interpolation of bisulfites has reduced shive content.

Figure 17. scattering coefficient compares beating degree

Use the discharge refiner series that external plates produced to have the highest scattering coefficient level.

TABLE G shows each serial scattering coefficient result under the beating degree of 150ml.

Table G. scattering coefficient compares beating degree

	Scattering coefficient (m ²/kg)
		?f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	57.1
?f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	55.1
		?f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	56.8
?f-TMP?1800ex597ml	56.3
		?f-TMP?1800hb524ml	53.6
?TMP?1800hb664ml	54.4
		?f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)＊	55.9
?f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)＊	53.8

* pass through extrapolation

The interpolation of about 3% bisulfites has reduced about 1-3m with scattering coefficient ²/ kg.

Figure 18. the brightness ratio beating degree

All f-series all has than the high brightness of control TMP paper pulp.

TABLE H is with respect to more interpolated each the refiner series of the beating degree of 150ml.

ISO brightness under showing H.150ml

	ISO brightness
		f-TMPA?1800ex661ml	?52.0
f-TMPA?1800hb588ml	?51.3
		f-TMPB?2300ex617ml	?52.8
f-TMP?1800ex597ml	?49.4
		f-TMP?1800hb524ml	?48.9
TMP?1800hb664ml	?47.3
		f-TMPA?1800ex640ml(2.8％NaHSO ₃)＊	?56.5
f-TMPB?2300ex538ml(3.1％NaHSO ₃)＊	?59.1

* pass through extrapolation

F-TMP series has the brightness than control TMP series high about 2%.A large amount of extracts of removing more can help brightness to increase from the pretreated high compression pressurization of f-screw rod discharger parts.

F-TMPB series has maximum brightness (52.8), is f-TMPA series (average=51.7) afterwards, is f-TMP series (average=49.2) afterwards.

The interpolation of about 3% bisulfites has obviously increased brightness, and wherein f-TMPBex series has been increased to up to 59.1.

3. during inner area is refining, compare the defibre condition

TABLE I compares the fiberization characteristics under the inner panel.As foregoing, carry out three refiner distance of swimming A1, A2 and A3 with simulation f-TMPA, f-TMPB and f-TMP structure.In these inner bands each all is provided with coming from the fragment of breaking of pressurization screw rod discharger.

Fiberization characteristics under the Table I inner panel

Can be clear that process conditions have main influence on the defibre effect during inner area is refining.The fragment (A1, A2) of breaking refining under elevated pressures has low shive content (fibers of more defibres) with refining the comparing of (50psi) under typical TMP pressure.The required energy of defibre is also lower under elevated pressures.When combined high pressure power and high-speed (A2), obtained the highest defibre level.

A2 (f-TMPB) material has proved the highest fiber separation, is A1 (f-TMPA) material afterwards.A3 (f-TMP) is the most coarse fibration sample beyond doubt.

It should be noted that because inner panel is an amphiorentation, therefore the directionality of refining run duration bar is not a key element in inside.

The energy of defibre reduces with the increase of pressure.Energy loss is bigger when defibre under conventional conditions.For example, with refining comparing under 85psig, under the pressure of 50psig, when producing the fibration material of identical fragment level, needs are substantially exceeded the auxiliary specific energy requirement of 100kWh/MT.

4. laboratory procedure

The white spruce fragment that comes from the state of Wisconsin is used for these examples.Material sign, solids content and the packing density of dragon spruce fragment have been shown in TABLE II.

At first, utilize and to have outside area and 1/2 mesozone and ground the plate pattern D14 B002 that and on 36-1CP pressurization variable velocity refiner, carry out some distances of swimming.Under 0.4bar, 5.87bar refiner housing pressure, stop and 1800rpm process velocity generation first distance of swimming A1 down through preparatory boiling in 30 seconds in the steam pipe.For A2, process velocity is increased to 2300rpm.Passing through to produce the A3 distance of swimming under preparatory boiling stop in 3 minutes and the 1800rpm refiner disk speed under 1.38bar, the 3.45bar refiner housing pressure.Remove productivity ratio from 24.1ODMTPD be reduced to 9.4ODMTPD so that before avoiding during supplying to refiner fragment broken, also under the condition similar, carry out distance of swimming A3-1 with A3.The sheet separation of this distance of swimming also is increased so that eliminate any useful effect of culm zone, handles so that fragment is only accepted break bar.Because the processing of fragment reception break bar is not only the fibration form, therefore can not on sample A1-1, carry out fiber quality analysis; Therefore fragment or Bauer McNett analysis is inapplicable.

Every kind in these paper pulp all is used to make additional series.On the A1 material, carry out six series.External plates (Durametal 36604) is installed in the 36-1CP refiner so that the refining outside area of simulation.All these six elementary outside area distances of swimming are all being made with extra care under the housing pressure of 5.87bar and under the disk speed at 1800rpm.The technology name of these distances of swimming is called TMPA.Sodium hydrogensulfite liquid is added among the A17, causes 2.8%NaHSO ₃Chemistry reinforced (on O.D. wood base).On every kind of series, produce three secondary refiner distances of swimming.

On the A2 material, produce two series.Making the 36-1CP outside area distance of swimming (A19 and A20) under the 5.87bar refiner housing pressure and under the process velocity at 2300rpm.The technology name of these distances of swimming is called TMPB.Sodium hydrogensulfite liquid is added into (3.1%NaHSO among the A20 ₃).On every kind of series, produce three secondary refiner distances of swimming again.

On the A3 material, also produce some series.Each is all under 3.45bar refiner housing pressure and under 1800rpm.On every kind of series, produce three secondary refiner distances of swimming.The technology name of these distances of swimming is called TMP.Produce many secondary 36-1CP refiner distances of swimming with reverse mode.Shown in TABLE IV.

On the A3-1 fragment, produce two control TMP series (A43 and A44), they only experience break bar and handle during inner area is refining.A43 and A44 are being made with extra care under the 3.45bar steam pressure and under the process velocity at 1800rpm.On these paper pulp, carry out some atmosphere refiner distances of swimming afterwards so that with beating degree be reduced to the early stage serial comparable scope of making in.

According to standard Tappi program and according to all paper pulp of Andritz Inc.Business Rules test applicatory.Test comprises canadian standard freeness, Pulmac Shives (0.10mmscreen), Bauer McNett classification.Fiber lengths analysis, physics and optical characteristics.These information has been shown in TABLE III.

TABLE?I-A

The general introduction of the diagram distance of swimming

Annotate: A1 uses D14B002 plate-external taper and 1/2 mesozone and outside area to be ground.A1 pipe pressure 0.69bar, A4, A5, A6, A16, A17 and A18 pipe pressure 0.34bar.A5, A6, A16 and A17 are refining with reverse mode.

TABLE?I-B

The general introduction of the diagram distance of swimming

Annotate: A2 and A3 use D14B002 plate-external taper and 1/2 mesozone and outside area to be ground.A2 pipe pressure 0.69bar, A3 pipe pressure 1.38bar, A19, A20, A21, A40, A41 and A42 pipe pressure 0.34bar.A19, A20, A21 make with extra care with reverse mode.

TABLE?I-C

The general introduction of the diagram distance of swimming

5. vapor management

As top with reference to Fig. 3,4 and Fig. 5 described, thereby said refiner plate is disposed in and defines the such refiner gap of external diameter that basically extends radially outwardly into disk from the internal diameter of disk in the aspectant coaxial relation.The refiner gap comprises the outer gap 158 that is limited between the face-to-face external belt (such as 152A and 152B), and is limited to the internal clearance 156 between the face-to-face inner band (such as 150A and 150B).For the desirable fibration of breaking chip material, the operating area 110 of an inner band should closely be separated by with the operating area 110 of relative interior band.This gap is arrived in the 3.0mm scope 1.5, it is desirable to 2mm.Yet, have an obstruction that can cause the steam that is back to banded feeder 30 and any upper reaches preheater (see figure 1) in order to the close clearance of the enough thin bar of realizing expectation fibration effect and groove pattern between the inside band of operating area.In some known TMP systems, the opposing steam flow that during fibrillation, produces is used for keeping the high pressure of refiner preheater and banded feeder.In the present invention, be externally with operating area 112 between outer gap 158 in the steam that produces.For with said known TMP system compatible, composite plate of the present invention can be modified to such an extent that allow opposing steam flow, and is irrelevant with the close clearance at the operating area place of inner panel.

Usually, can comprise and be used for some steam is directed to internal feed zone 154 or more the opposing steam flow raceway groove of the internal clearance of upstream position, the internal clearance 156 of branch's built-in function location simultaneously from outer gap in the face of one in the panel at least.

A kind of solution shown in Figure 19 will be opened the rear side 202 of the inner panel 204 on the stator 200, and this allows steam 210 to do to advance in raceway groove 206 upper reaches at the back, zone 208 in inner ribbon gymnastics in processing.This steam branch can not have a negative impact to the fiber retention time in the band of inside (time of staying in the inner band should keep shortly in to avoid the too many collection of filaments, has increased energy consumption thereby the too much collection of filaments has increased friction loss).Common actual conditions are to constitute each refiner plate with part or element (each all is bolted to said disk) that a plurality of (for example ten) slightly are pie.In the present invention, available one group of inner band portion is processed inner band, partly processes external belt with another group external belt simultaneously.In the inner band portion some or all can be at the rear side place (with the interface place of disk) have radial direction through hole or a groove 206; The steam that is used for branch's various piece operating area has and is exposed to the inlet 212 in refiner gap 126 that inner ribbon gymnastics is made the radial outside in zone.

As shown in Figure 20, a kind of variant comprises and is formed on the bypass 214 that (is preferably formed in the stator) in the disk itself.At plate is through this is particularly effective so that invest in the mode that forms annular space 126 between the said band under the situation of distinct inner band and external belt formation on the disk.The inlet 212 that is used for the bypass of steam branch can be disposed in the disk of this annular space.Perhaps can obtain to get the path through one or more holes of aliging with the respective aperture in the plate of 208 radially outer any positions, built-in function zone are provided in disk through the said steaming boiling of refiner disk.Said hole should be connected with the supply side of refiner through line arrangement, and this connection can be linked in one or more points of arranging from the porch of the radial center of the discharge of plug screw feeder (or wiper seal of feed system) and refiner plate.

Another kind of solution shown in Figure 21 and 22 comprises the steam raceway groove 216 of the surface (being preferably formed in the stator) in inner ribbon gymnastics work zone 208.This raceway groove is from allowing steam to reflux rather than the sole purpose that is captured between inner band and the external belt exists towards feed system.Said extraction raceway groove pass diagonally or obliquely operation inner with on bar/groove pattern, or be positioned on the rotor, on the stator or in two cuttings 164 on the bar of operating area or supply with gap 154.Annular space 126 places of steam branch raceway groove between inside band and external belt have inlet 218.Arrange that in stator raceway groove has supplied the minimal path resistance for steaming boiling.Rotor will trend towards through raceway groove pumping steam forward, and stator will make opposing steam flow.Embodiment as previous description is the same, and surperficial branch raceway groove will be extracted steam out from the radial outer end of operating area 208, and said radial outer end is usually located at separating at the interface between inner band and the external belt.Said groove turns round away from direction of rotation, can not be directed to the stator interior trough of belt so that supply with material, allows untreated fragment to pass through.In an illustrated embodiment, select the angle of groove in such a way, that is, make the fragment of all entering be pressed into through refining gap so that arrive outside refining zone.See past tense when from the side, steam branch raceway groove 216 only is the recess in the plate pattern, and the horizontal plane under about 20-30 degree cutting from the bar extends towards O.D., and the minimum cutting on the bar that I.D. extends.This geometry helps wood chip to turn back in the gap through mechanical force, as long as material enters into those steam drain tanks.Pattern dark (they are the identical degree of depth in this case) around the steam groove is comparable, and raceway groove can be straight line (as in this situation) or curve.

Although attempted various forms of steam grooves and the average groove through the part rear portion in the past, should be designed to help the steam forward to move and non-return mobile them.For the inventor's theory, nobody has revised refiner plate so that increase the backflow of steam, that is, and and along the reverse flow of updrift side.

Claims

1. the disk refiner that is used for lignocellulosic material has a pair of aspectant relative rotating circular disk, and this rotating circular disk has smooth refiner plate, comprising:

Have first plate of internal diameter and external diameter and comprise projection and the working face of relief fabric pattern, when along seeing that transverse to the direction of rotating shaft the said structure of past tense has the radially variable shape,

Have second plate of internal diameter and external diameter and comprise projection and the working face of relief fabric pattern; When the edge sees that transverse to the direction of rotating shaft the said structure of past tense has the radially variable shape; Said second plate and the first plate axial vane surface opposite still separate; Thereby form the refining gap of radially extending, when along seeing that transverse to the direction of rotating shaft the said gap of past tense has the shape of the internal diameter of slave plate to the external diameter change, therefore:

Inner radial is supplied with the part outward radial and is converged to the built-in function zone;

The built-in function part radially extends to transition portion with the minimum clearance in the 1.5-3.0mm scope;

Transition portion has the suddenly increase part to outside operation part greater than 4.0mm in the gap;

The radial convergence of peripheral operation part is to the interior outside minimum clearance of 0.5-1.0mm scope.

2. according to the described disk refiner of claim 1, it is characterized in that

The surface of at least one said plate of gap supply unit office comprises the thick pattern of feeder bar and groove;

The surface of the plate of gap operating portion office comprises the thin defibre pattern of bar and groove;

The surface of at least one said plate of the transition part office in gap comprises the thick pattern of feeder bar and groove; And

The surface of the plate that the peripheral operation in gap is partly located comprises the thin fibrillation pattern of bar and groove.

3. according to the described disk refiner of claim 2, it is characterized in that

The groove of the thick feeder pattern of the transition part office of the groove ratio gap of the defibre pattern at least part place, built-in function gap is narrow.

4. the disk refiner that is used for lignocellulosic material, it has a pair of aspectant relative rotation flat disc and has corresponding refining plate, comprising:

Have internal diameter and external diameter R _1i, R _1oFirst plate and comprise projection and the working face of relief fabric pattern,

Have internal diameter and external diameter R _2i, R _2oSecond plate and comprise projection and the working face of relief fabric pattern,

Thereby the radially dependence flow region A that is used for lignocellulosic material is from internal diameter R _1i, R _2iTo external diameter R _1o, R _2oExtend, so that:

From R _1iTo R _aDA/dr＜0

From R _aTo R _bDA/dr＞0

From R _bTo R _1oDA/dr＜0

Wherein, R _1i＜R _a＜R _b＜R _1o, and

From R _2iTo R _aDA/dr＜0

From R _aTo R _bDA/dr＞0

From R _bTo R _2oDA/dr＜0

Wherein, R _2i＜R _a＜R _b＜R _2o,

Wherein, R _a, R _bFor arbitrary value and satisfy R _1i＜R _a＜R _b＜R _1oAnd R _2i＜R _a＜R _b＜R _2o

5. according to the described disk refiner of claim 4, it is characterized in that the diameter of said plate is at least 36 inches, A be the radially extension gap portion between the relative plate limit and the radius R in the outside _aIt is from R that the dA/dr at place limits this filtration fraction the combination of a said gap and a transition portion _aThe thin pattern of bar on each relative plate at place and groove is to radius R _aThe thick pattern of bar, groove or the groove in the positive outside.