CN102502994B - Method and system for treating cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration - Google Patents

Method and system for treating cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration Download PDF

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CN102502994B
CN102502994B CN201110351289.8A CN201110351289A CN102502994B CN 102502994 B CN102502994 B CN 102502994B CN 201110351289 A CN201110351289 A CN 201110351289A CN 102502994 B CN102502994 B CN 102502994B
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treatment
reverse osmosis
processing
osmosis membrane
cyanide wastewater
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CN102502994A (en
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李国文
郭春生
于勇勇
周加旺
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Beijing Biotechina Environment Corpltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for treating cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: pre-treating the cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration to remove large solid pollutant particles from the cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration; performing membrane treatment to remove most cyanide ions, treating effluent obtained after treatment by the conventional NaClO oxidation method and other methods, and then discharging effluent which reaches the standard; and performing catalytic wet oxidation on concentrated liquor produced after the membrane treatment, and discharging the treated concentrated liquor which reaches the standard. The system mainly comprises a grating, a membrane treatment system, and catalytic wet oxidation treatment equipment. The invention has the advantages that: the cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration is subjected to membrane treatment and then is treated by the conventional NaClO oxidation method, and effluent which reaches the standard is discharged, so the treatment difficulty and cost of a discharge and treatment system are reduced; and the concentrated liquor is subjected to catalytic wet oxidation, and the effluent obtained after treatment can reach the direct discharging standard, or can be recycled as clear water.

Description

A kind for the treatment of process of low cyanide wastewater and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of process of waste water, more precisely, relate to a kind for the treatment of process of cyanide wastewater of lower concentration, the invention still further relates to a kind of system of applying this treatment process.
Background technology
Cyanide wastewater is the trade effluent that a kind of toxicity is larger, unstable in water, is easily decomposed into inorganic cyanogen and organic cyanogen, is hypertoxicity material, and people eats and can cause acute poisoning.Prussiate is 0.18g to human body lethal quantity, and potassium cyanide is 0.12g, and in water body, prussiate is 0.01-0.1mg/L to the lethal mass concentration of fish.Cyanide wastewater mainly comes from the industries such as plating, coal gas, coking, metallurgy, metal processing, chemical fibre, plastics, agricultural chemicals, chemical industry.These industry produce cyanide wastewater can cause very large pollution to environment, and the life of the health to the mankind and livestock, fish is all a kind of serious threat.
The conventional treatment process of cyanide wastewater has: alkaline chlorination process, pressurizing hydrolysis, electrolytic process, biochemical process, sulphur dioxide-air oxidation style, hydrogen peroxide oxidation process, natural purification method, acidifying absorption method etc., these treatment processs process to cyanide wastewater the problem in application that all exists, and as having in long processing period, treating processes, secondary pollutant discharges, the more unstable and prussiate for the treatment of effect that causes of influence factor is removed halfway situation.Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method grows up on wet air oxidation basis.In wet air oxidation, add the treatment process of catalyzer to be referred to as Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method, be called for short CWO method.Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method refers under high temperature (200~280 DEG C), high pressure (2~8MPa), taking oxygen rich gas or oxygen as catalyzer, utilize the katalysis of catalyzer, respiratory reaction in quickening waste water between organism and oxygenant, make the organism in waste water and be oxidized to CO2, N2, SO2, H2O containing poisonous substances such as N, S, reaching the object of purification.The various industrial organic waste waters of the compound that can not degrade to the chemical oxygen level of height or containing biochemical process, no longer need to carry out aftertreatment, only can reach emission standard through primary treatment.But the investment of this method is huge, and the treatment time is long, a lot of enterprises, the factory great amount of cost of being unwilling for this reason to spend.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve problems of the prior art, a kind for the treatment of process of low cyanide wastewater is provided, membrane sepn and two modern techniquies of Catalytic Wet Oxidation have been carried out to rational combination, optimization, solve the subsequent disposal of reverse osmosis concentrated liquid, reduced the treatment scale of catalytic wet oxidation simultaneously, thereby reduce investment, obtained good treatment effect.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind for the treatment of process of low cyanide wastewater, comprises the steps:
(1) low cyanide wastewater is carried out to pre-treatment, remove the macrobead solid pollutant in low cyanide wastewater;
(2) above-mentioned pretreated low cyanide wastewater is carried out to film processing, produce concentrated solution and see through clear water;
(3) concentrated solution is carried out to Catalytic Wet Oxidation processing, discharge or recycling;
(4) see through the processing of clear water NaClO method for oxidation by described, discharge or recycle.
Preferably: the pre-treatment in described step (1), by grid filtration, then enters equalizing tank, stirring and adjusting pH is simultaneously 7.5~8.5.
Preferably: the film in described step (2) is processed and comprised successively preprocessing system, first step reverse osmosis membrane treatment system and second stage reverse osmosis membrane treatment system, preprocessing system comprises sand filtration and filter element filtering, sand filtration adopts quartz sand to filter, filter core aperture in filter element filtering is 2~5 μ m, and the waste water after filtration filters by two steps ro film processing system.
Preferably: described first step reverse osmosis membrane and second stage reverse osmosis membrane are selected high pollution-resistant membrane.
Preferably: the Catalytic Wet Oxidation processing in described step (3) is: concentrated solution boosts to 3.8~4.0Mpa through boosting pump, fully mix with same oxidizing gas of pressing, gas-liquid material temperature is promoted to after 220~240 DEG C, enter in reaction tower, under the effect of catalyzer, pollution substance is decomposed into CO by exhaustive oxidation 2, H 2o, the reaction times is 1.4~1.6h, and reaction water outlet is through carrying out after heat exchange coolingly with the concentrated solution of the system of entering, and temperature is down to 30~50 DEG C, then carries out gas-liquid separation processing.
Preferably: described oxidizing gas is air or purity oxygen.
Preferably: described catalyzer is that titanium dioxide is carrier ruthenium base active catalyst.
Preferably: in Catalytic Wet Oxidation is processed, the material of the equipment of the part that contacts with gas-liquid raw material adopts titanium material.
The present invention also provides a kind of system that is applicable to above-mentioned low cyanide wastewater treatment process, comprising:
Pre-processing device, comprises grid and equalizing tank;
Film processing system, it comprises preprocessing system, first step reverse osmosis membrane treatment system and second stage reverse osmosis membrane treatment system, preprocessing system comprises sand filtration and filter element filtering, sand filtration adopts quartz sand, the filter core aperture of filter element filtering is 2~5 μ m, being to see through clear water by the liquid of first, second grade of reverse osmosis membrane treatment system, is not concentrated solution by the liquid of first, second grade of reverse osmosis membrane treatment system;
For the treatment of the Catalytic Wet Oxidation treatment system of concentrated solution, described concentrated solution is broken down into gaseous substance and water in Catalytic Wet Oxidation treatment facility.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the advantage of low cyanide wastewater treatment process of the present invention: low cyanide wastewater is first removed macrobead solid pollutant in sewage through grid, the normal effectively operation of protection subsequent processing device, and the equipment that prevents stops up; Equalizing tank plays the effect that homogeneous is all measured, and prevents from causing because change of water quality amplitude is excessive the unsettled situation for the treatment of effect; The water outlet after treatment of low cyanide wastewater process film, cyanogen content reduction by 99%, the methods such as the NaClO oxidation of available routine are processed rear discharge up to standard; The concentrated solution of two steps ro processing, again through Catalytic Wet Oxidation processing, can reach the standard of direct discharge completely after processing, can do rinse water reuse, realizes the recycling of resource; The pre-thermal recovery water inlet of water inlet and its system of Catalytic Wet Oxidation treatment system goes out the mode of hydrothermal exchange, makes full use of heat, has energy-conservation feature; CWO treatment system, at inlet COD concentration, higher than 30000mg/L in the situation that, the heat energy that exothermic heat of reaction produces not only can maintain the operation of CWO system, and can have surplus heat generation.In sum, the present invention has realized innoxious, the recycling treatment of low cyanide wastewater.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow sheet of low cyanide wastewater treatment process of the present invention and system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the treatment process of a kind of low cyanide wastewater of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) low cyanide wastewater is entered into pretreatment system by lift pump, pretreatment system comprises grid and equalizing tank.Remove the macrobead solid pollutant that is greater than 1mm in sewage with grid, the water outlet after grid flows in equalizing tank, is provided with whipping appts in equalizing tank, and rotating speed is at 40-60 rev/min, under the stirring action of cyanide wastewater in equalizing tank, and water quality and water yield homogenizing; Meanwhile, in equalizing tank by the pH regulator to 7.5 of cyanide wastewater~8.5.
(2) low cyanide wastewater that mixes up pH value being entered into sand filtration apparatus through lift pump filters, sand filtration adopts quartz sand material, the filtration water outlet of sand filtration enters filter element filtering system, filter core aperture is 2~5 μ m, water outlet after filter element filtering enters reverse osmosis membrane treatment system by high-pressure pump, what reverse osmosis membrane adopted is high antipollution ultra-filtration membrane, cyanogen pollutent by 99% in the waste water of two steps ro film treatment facility is removed, the concentrate recirculation of second stage reverse osmosis membrane processing to first-stage reverse osmosis film front end carries out secondary filtration, concentrated solution before first-stage reverse osmosis film film is the final concentrated solution in film processing system, entering concentration basin stores, the liquid that sees through of two-pass reverse osmosis film is called through clear water, after conventional NaClO method for oxidation is processed, and rear discharge up to standard or recycling.
(3) concentrated solution in concentration basin carries out Catalytic Wet Oxidation processing, its operation is carried out in Catalytic Wet Oxidation treatment facility (system), its idiographic flow is as follows: first the concentrated solution in concentration basin is delivered to homogeneous groove (not shown) through lift pump, homogeneous groove is with jacking stirrer, boost to 3.8~4.0Mpa through regulating the concentrated solution of homogeneous to enter boosting pump, then mix with the oxidizing gas of the uniform pressure from air compressor machine, the volume ratio of gas-liquid raw material under standard state is 110: 1~130: 1, be warming up to 220~240 DEG C through preheater and well heater again, entering reactive system reacts, reactive system is mainly made up of two reactors of connecting, first concentrated solution enters void tower reactor, and then enter the heating agent reactor that catalyzer is housed, pollutent in concentrated solution is broken down into carbonic acid gas in reactor, the product such as water and nitrogen, reaction times is 1.4~1.6h.Catalytic oxidation is thermopositive reaction, and the part that reactor wall, preheater, well heater etc. contact with reaction liquid all adopts metal titanium as liner, prevents the infringement of severe corrosive pollutent to equipment; Temperature is that the reaction product of 220~240 DEG C enters preheater and raw wastewater and carries out heat exchange and be cooled to 130~170 DEG C of left and right, treated watercooler is further cooled to 30~50 DEG C and enters gas-liquid separator again, isolated gas phase directly enters atmosphere, and liquid phase enters the in line or reuse of clear water storage tank as processing water.
In the processing side of low cyanide wastewater of the present invention, wherein: in described step (1), if the pH value of low cyanide wastewater between 7.5~8.5, does not need to regulate pH operation.
In the processing side of low cyanide wastewater of the present invention, wherein: in described step (3), oxidizing gas can be air or purity oxygen.
In the processing side of low cyanide wastewater of the present invention, wherein: in described step (3), catalyzer is that titanium dioxide is carrier ruthenium base active catalyst.
Embodiment
Low cyanide wastewater is processed and is adopted aforesaid method of the present invention and system, and designing treatment total Water is 1000t/d, and every day was by operation design continuously in 24 hours.Film processing unit flooding velocity is 1000m 3/ d; Catalytic wet oxidation processing unit flooding velocity is 41.7m 3/ h;
The test result of influent quality and effluent quality is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
Table 1 low cyanide wastewater influent quality (unit: mg/l; PH value zero dimension)
Table 2 low cyanide wastewater is processed effluent quality (unit: mg/l; PH value zero dimension)
Result proves, adopts the inventive method effluent quality after treatment to reach " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-1996) secondary discharge standard of middle regulation.
Membrane treatment process section design variable:
The reverse osmosis membrane treatment system of 1000t/d membrane treatment process adopts two steps ro film processing system, and part operating parameter is as shown in table 3, table 4:
Table 3 first step reverse osmosis membrane treatment system design variable
Table 4 second stage reverse osmosis membrane treatment system design variable
Clearance situation is as shown in table 5, table 6:
The removal effect of table 5 film processing unit
Table 6 catalytic wet oxidation processing unit clearance
Beneficial effect:
Adopt method and system of the present invention can process every year 36.5 ten thousand tons of low cyanide wastewaters, clear up chemical oxygen demand (COD) (CODcr): 5439 tons/year, clear up five-day BOD (BOD5): 1356 tons/year, clear up ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N): 839 tons/year, clear up prussiate: 292 tons/year.

Claims (2)

1. a treatment process for low cyanide wastewater, comprises the steps:
(1) low cyanide wastewater is carried out to pre-treatment, remove the macrobead solid pollutant in low cyanide wastewater;
(2) above-mentioned pretreated low cyanide wastewater is carried out to film processing, produce concentrated solution and see through clear water;
(3) concentrated solution is carried out to Catalytic Wet Oxidation processing, discharge or recycling;
(4) see through the processing of clear water NaClO method for oxidation by described, discharge or recycle;
Wherein: the pre-treatment in described step (1), by grid filtration, then enters equalizing tank, stirring and adjusting pH is simultaneously 7.5~8.5;
Film in described step (2) is processed and is comprised successively preprocessing system, first step reverse osmosis membrane treatment system and second stage reverse osmosis membrane treatment system, preprocessing system comprises sand filtration and filter element filtering, sand filtration adopts quartz sand to filter, filter core aperture in filter element filtering is 2~5 μ m, and the waste water after filtration filters by two steps ro film processing system; The concentrate recirculation of second stage reverse osmosis membrane processing to first step reverse osmosis membrane front end carries out secondary filtration, and described first step reverse osmosis membrane and second stage reverse osmosis membrane are selected high pollution-resistant membrane;
Catalytic Wet Oxidation processing in described step (3) is: concentrated solution boosts to 3.8~4.0Mpa through boosting pump, fully mix with same oxidizing gas of pressing, the volume ratio of gas-liquid raw material under standard state is 110:1~130:1, gas-liquid material temperature is promoted to after 220~240 DEG C, enter in reaction tower, under the effect of catalyzer, pollution substance is decomposed into CO by exhaustive oxidation 2, H 2o, the reaction times is 1.4~1.6h, and reaction water outlet is through carrying out after heat exchange coolingly with the concentrated solution of the system of entering, and temperature is down to 30~50 DEG C, then carries out gas-liquid separation processing; Described Catalytic Wet Oxidation is processed and is made up of void tower reactor and heating agent reactor, described void tower reactor and heating agent reactors in series, and first concentrated solution enters void tower reactor, and then enters the heating agent reactor that catalyzer is housed.
2. the treatment process of low cyanide wastewater according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in Catalytic Wet Oxidation is processed, the material of the equipment of the part that contacts with gas-liquid raw material adopts titanium material.
CN201110351289.8A 2011-11-09 2011-11-09 Method and system for treating cyanide-containing wastewater at low concentration Active CN102502994B (en)

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