Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing solar cell backboard shorter technical problem (claiming again solar energy backboard) service life, further extend the service life of solar cell backboard, the invention provides a kind of solar cell backboard and preparation method thereof.Simple in structure, the material of solar cell backboard provided by the invention is easy to get, excellent performance, meets the instructions for use of solar cell backboard completely.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of solar cell backboard, its feature is that described solar cell backboard comprises weathering layer, structural reinforcing layer (also can be described as basement membrane or base material) and weathering layer successively, bonds fixing between described structural reinforcing layer and weathering layer by tack coat.Described structural reinforcing layer material can be the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and described weathering layer material can be Kynoar.
Further, the thickness of described weathering layer is 10-30 μ m, and the thickness of described structural reinforcing layer is 150-300 μ m, and the thickness of described tack coat is 5-20 μ m.
Further, the thickness of described weathering layer is 15-25 μ m, and the thickness of described structural reinforcing layer is 180-250 μ m, and the thickness of described tack coat is 8-15 μ m.
Further, described weathering layer is fluorine material layer, and described structural reinforcing layer is Kapton.
Further, the material of described fluorine material layer comprises polyvinyl fluoride, Kynoar, ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene-tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, the combination of a kind of in PVF (tetrafluoroethene or trifluoro-ethylene) and vinyl ether co-polymer or at least two kinds, the material of described Kapton comprises Thermocurable polyimide, TPI, polyamidoimide, insoluble, infusibility polyamidoimide, the combination of a kind of in soluble polyimide or low-temperature setting polyimides or at least two kinds.
The preferred Kynoar of described fluorine material layer (PVDF).The equal benzene polyimides of described polyimides (PI) preferred thermoplastic.Better, the equal benzene polyimides of described thermoplasticity is the equal benzene polyimides of biaxial tension thermoplasticity.Its weight average molecular weight is 20000, and inherent viscosity is 0.65dl/g, 200 DEG C-400 DEG C of vitrification points, and fusing point is 228 DEG C.
Further, described bonding layer material be wink dry binding agent, anaerobism binding agent, pressure sensitive adhesives, hot-melt adhesive, thermosetting resin binding agent, emulsion and latex type binding agent and high temperature resistant binder in a kind of or combination of at least two kinds.
The preferably a kind of or at least two or more combination in polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, polyacrylate or epoxy resin.
Further, the thickness of described weathering layer is 10-20 μ m, and the thickness of described structural reinforcing layer is 150-230 μ m, and the thickness of described tack coat is 5-12 μ m.
Further, the thickness of described weathering layer is 20-30 μ m, and the thickness of described structural reinforcing layer is 230-300 μ m, and the thickness of described tack coat is 12-20 μ m.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of solar cell backboard, and its feature is that described preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) raw material of described structural reinforcing layer are made to film by stretch processes, obtain structural reinforcing layer;
(2) upper surface and the lower surface of the structural reinforcing layer that step (1) makes are coated with respectively binding agent, are heating and curing, and make its degree of cross linking reach 60%-80%;
(3) at the temperature of 140 DEG C, weathering layer is bonded in to upper surface and the lower surface of the product of step (2) gained, obtain solar cell backboard.
The present invention also provides a kind of solar cell, and its feature is that described solar cell comprises above-mentioned solar cell backboard.
The present invention also provides a kind of solar cell, and its feature is that the backboard that described solar cell comprises is made by above-mentioned preparation method.
Polyimides (PI) is the very outstanding engineering plastics of a kind of combination property, more than in mechanical property, the hot strength of unfilled PI plastics can reach 100MPa, the polypyromelliticimide (Kapton) that Du Pont produces can reach 170MPa, and biphenyl polyimide (Upilex S) can reach 400MPa left and right.Aspect thermal property, the high energy heatproof of PI is more than 400 DEG C, the minimum embrittlement phenomenon that also can not occur in the liquid helium of-269 DEG C.The dielectric strength of PI can reach 100-300KV/mm.As can be seen here, no matter in mechanical property, on thermal property or electrical insulation properties, PI is better than the performance of PET, so be more suitable for doing the structural reinforcing layer of solar cell backboard.Above-mentioned solar cell backboard provided by the invention is 85 DEG C in temperature, carries out degradation under the environment that humidity is 85%, and after standing test 2000 hours, the phenomenons such as obvious xanthochromia, bubble, warpage do not appear in backboard.Above-mentioned degradation presentation of results, the solar cell backboard that makes basement membrane of PI can reach 40 years service life in theory.
Compared with prior art, the mechanical property of solar cell backboard provided by the invention and thermal property are stable, and resistance to barrier is outstanding, and combination is between layers more firm, and back board structure is more stable, can be used for an overfill protection solar battery sheet; And due to the superpower mechanical property of polyimides, stable high and low temperature resistance and excellent insulating properties, can reach in theory 40 years the service life of solar cell backboard provided by the invention.The preparation method of solar cell backboard provided by the invention, production technology is simple, easy operating.Solar cell provided by the invention is longer service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Material therefor of the present invention and equipment are existing material and facility.For example, the equipment of biaxial tension and Thermocuring equipment are existing equipment; Polyvinyl fluoride, Kynoar (PVDF), ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene-tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethene or trifluoro-ethylene and vinyl ether co-polymer and Thermocurable polyimide, TPI, polyamidoimide, insoluble, infusibility polyamidoimide, soluble polyimide or low-temperature setting polyimides are product common on market; Wink dry binding agent, anaerobism binding agent, pressure sensitive adhesives, hot-melt adhesive, thermosetting resin binding agent, emulsion and latex type binding agent and high temperature resistant binder be conventional binding agent, described binding agent comprises the polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, polyacrylate and the epoxy resin that are commercially available.
The preparation method of solar cell backboard provided by the invention comprises the steps:
(1) raw material of described structural reinforcing layer are made to film by stretch processes, obtain structural reinforcing layer;
(2) upper surface and the lower surface of structural reinforcing layer step (1) being made are coated with respectively upper binding agent, and heat cure 30min under the constant temperature of 130 DEG C makes its degree of cross linking reach 60%-80%;
(3) at the temperature of 140 DEG C, weathering layer (fluorine material layer) is bonded in to upper surface and the lower surface of the product of step (2) gained, obtain solar cell backboard.
As shown in Figure 1, solar cell backboard provided by the invention, comprises weathering layer 1, structural reinforcing layer 2, fixing by tack coat 3 bondings between described weathering layer 1 and structural reinforcing layer 2.
Embodiment 1:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein the thickness of weathering layer PVDF is 10 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyimides, and thickness is 150 μ m; The thickness of tack coat is 5 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 1.
Embodiment 2:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein the thickness of weathering layer PVDF is 20 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyimides, and thickness is 200 μ m; The thickness of tack coat is 10 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 1.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein the thickness of weathering layer PVDF is 25 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyimides, and thickness is 250 μ m; The thickness of tack coat is 15 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 1.
Embodiment 4:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein the thickness of weathering layer PVDF is 30 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyimides, and thickness is 300 μ m; The thickness of tack coat is 20 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 1.
The KPK that comparative example 1 Suzhou Saiwu Application Technology Co., Ltd produces;
The HY-FTF that comparative example 2 Pinghu City, Zhejiang Province Hua Yuan photovoltaic material Co., Ltds produce.
Table 1
Note: table 1 is to table 5, and MD is that longitudinally TD is horizontal.
Embodiment 5:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is PVDF, and thickness is 20 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is Thermocurable polyimide, and thickness is 230 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyacrylate, and thickness is 12 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 2.
Embodiment 6:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polyvinyl fluoride, and thickness is 15 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyamidoimide, and thickness is 180 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyurethane, and thickness is 8 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 2.
Embodiment 7:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer, and thickness is 20 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is insoluble, infusibility polyamidoimide, and thickness is 210 μ m; Bonding layer material is epoxy resin, and thickness is 13 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 2.
Embodiment 8:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is PVDF, and thickness is 15 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 200 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 10 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 2.
Embodiment 9:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and thickness is 25 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is soluble polyimide, and thickness is 280 μ m; Bonding layer material is epoxy resin, and thickness is 18 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 2.
Embodiment 10:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polyvinyl fluoride, and thickness is 12 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is soluble polyimide, and thickness is 270 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyacrylate, and thickness is 8 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 2.
Table 2
Embodiment 11:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is trifluoro-ethylene and vinyl ether co-polymer, and thickness is 18 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 180 μ m; Bonding layer material is epoxy resin, and thickness is 15 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 3.
Embodiment 12:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is vinylidene-tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and thickness is 23 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 180 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyurethane, and thickness is 18 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 3.
Embodiment 13:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is trifluoro-ethylene and vinyl ether co-polymer, and thickness is 25 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 200 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyacrylate, and thickness is 20 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 3.
Embodiment 14:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and thickness is 30 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyamidoimide, and thickness is 150 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 5 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 3.
Embodiment 15:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is PVDF, and thickness is 10 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 300 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyurethane, and thickness is 15 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 3.
Embodiment 16:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is PVDF, and thickness is 25 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 150 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 20 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 3.
Table 3
Embodiment 17:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polyvinyl fluoride, and thickness is 10 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is Thermocurable polyimide, and thickness is 150 μ m; Bonding layer material is epoxy resin, and thickness is 5 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 4.
Embodiment 18:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is vinylidene-tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and thickness is 20 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is soluble polyimide, and thickness is 230 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyurethane, and thickness is 12 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 4.
Embodiment 19:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is tetrafluoroethene and vinyl ether co-polymer, and thickness is 15 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 190 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyacrylate, and thickness is 9 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 4.
Embodiment 20:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and thickness is 18 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is insoluble, infusibility polyamidoimide, and thickness is 210 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 12 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 4.
Embodiment 21:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is ethylene-chlorotrifluoro-ethylene copolymer, and thickness is 14 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 220 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyurethane, and thickness is 9 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 4.
Embodiment 22:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is PVDF, and thickness is 22 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 195 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 12 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 4.
Table 4
Embodiment 23:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polyvinyl fluoride, and thickness is 20 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 230 μ m; Bonding layer material is epoxy resin, and thickness is 12 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 5.
Embodiment 24:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is vinylidene-tetrafluoraoethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and thickness is 30 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity, and thickness is 300 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyurethane, and thickness is 20 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 5.
Embodiment 25:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is trifluoro-ethylene and vinyl ether co-polymer, and thickness is 25 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 270 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyacrylate, and thickness is 16 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 5.
Embodiment 26:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and thickness is 24 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is polyamidoimide, and thickness is 210 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 13 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 5.
Embodiment 27:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is the mixture (weight ratio of PVDF and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is 1:1) of PVDF and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and thickness is 26 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 260 μ m; Bonding layer material is the mixture (weight ratio of polyurethane and polyvinyl acetate is 1:1) of polyurethane and polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 18 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 5.
Embodiment 28:
Prepare as stated above solar cell backboard, wherein weathering layer material is PVDF, and thickness is 25 μ m; Structural reinforcing layer material is the mixture (weight ratio of the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity and low-temperature setting polyimides is 1:1) of the equal benzene polyimides of thermoplasticity and low-temperature setting polyimides, and thickness is 290 μ m; Bonding layer material is polyvinyl acetate, and thickness is 19 μ m.The correlated performance of gained backboard is in table 5.
Table 5
Experimental data by table 1-table 5 can draw, the mechanical property of solar cell backboard provided by the invention, and thermal property is stable, and bonding is between layers more firm, can be widely used in area of solar cell.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Every equalization that content is done according to the present invention changes and modifies, and is all encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.