CN102500335A - Preparation method for biomass organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or cane sugar - Google Patents
Preparation method for biomass organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or cane sugar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a biomass organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or cane sugar. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: mixing 10 to 40 mass parts of phthalic anhydride and 50 to 100 mass parts of organic solvent acetone; adding 5 to 20 mass parts of glucose and 2 to 20 mass parts of catalyst and mixing; heating the mixed materials to 60 to 100 DEG C; reacting with stirring at the temperature of between 60 and 100 DEG C for 6 to 12 hours to obtain a mixture after the reaction, wherein the catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine; cooling the mixture obtained after the reaction to room temperature; filtering; drying the filtrate by using inorganic salt magnesium sulfate; and distilling to remove the organic solvent to prepare the product. The prepared biomass organic adsorption material based on the modified glucose or cane sugar can be directly used for treating waste water containing heavy metal ions, has a good adsorption effect on the heavy metal ions in the waste water and high practicability, and is low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to preparation, relate to a kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose as the chemical modification material of the glucose of sorbing material or sucrose.The living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose that makes is specially adapted to the adsorption cleaning of heavy metal ions in wastewater and handles.
Background technology
Heavy metal (for example: copper, zinc, lead, nickel, cobalt, chromium, mercury, cadmium etc.) is indispensable important materials in many commercial production and scientific research, and they are in the mankind's life and play a part very important in producing.But these heavy metal ion also have great harm to the mankind's life and ecological environment.The waste residue, waste gas, the waste water that contain heavy metal ion mainly come from industries such as plating, machining, iron and steel and non-ferrous metal metallurgy, part chemical enterprise and mining." three wastes " that contain heavy metal are directly entered in the big G&W, will directly cause great threat to ecological environment and human health.
Heavy metal not only can cause slow poisoning, and can also be carcinogenic, mutagenesis, teratogenesis, its toxic is bigger.A lot of heavy metal wastewater therebies are water white, and quilt is missed the water of making cleaning and directly is used to drink and irrigate.Heavy metal element toxicity is big, and difficult degradation in case just can directly act on human body through drinking water or domestic water after getting into water body, greatly endangers artificial one-tenth.Heavy metal pollution has become one of important pollution problem that water environment faces.Heavy metal has biological concentration property
,They can not but can be shifted along food chain by biodegradation step by step, and are rich at double long-pending, simultaneously in biological internal organ long-term accumulation, toxicity occurs after acquiring a certain degree; What is more, and the radioactive component that is rich in can cause biological gene to morph, and finally can cause disastrous effects difficult to the appraisal such as biological sudden change along with the accumulation of time.Environment is in a single day contaminated by heavy metals, and the difficulty of improvement is very big, and the cycle is also very long, and the method and the technology of administering heavy metal pollution at present are ripe not enough, and therefore, heavy metal pollution should be to put prevention first.Need from waste water, remove or reclaim the Another reason of heavy metal ion, be because some heavy metal costs an arm and a leg, has technology importance or has strategic importance, thereby have higher recycling value.
Current, still perfect inadequately both at home and abroad to the processing method and the technology of heavy metal pollution, far can not reach the degree that environment and organism are safe from harm.In the prior art, the method for handling heavy metal pollution mainly contains chemical method, physical-chemical process and bioanalysis, but these methods all can not make heavy metal wherein decompose destruction, the position that only can shift its existence.Handle like chemical precipitation, the heavy metal in the waste water changes insoluble chemical compound into and precipitates and change over to the mud from the ionic condition of dissolving; When also having amphoteric metal in the waste water, the pH value is higher, and the tendency of dissolving again might be arranged; If the higher need of pH value of waste water behind the neutralization precipitation could discharge after neutralization; Some heavy metal particles is little, and difficult deposition will be passed through other means aids precipitation, and these shortcomings have all increased difficulty and cost that heavy metal is handled.Absorption method is one of effective ways that reclaim micro heavy in the waste water; Have advantages such as wide accommodation, good, the recyclable useful heavy metal of treatment effect and sorbing material be reusable, existing sorbing material comprises mineral matter, inorganic salts, active carbon, synthetic resin etc.Domestic and international widely used adsorbent is an active carbon, and is little to heavy metal ion adsorbed capacity though active carbon can adsorb many chemical substances, generally has only 30-40mg/g, and regeneration difficulty, costs an arm and a leg.The ion exchange resin adsorption capacity is higher, but only some specific adion is had adsorption capacity, and the regeneration difficulty, and price is high.The low price of natural zeolite and clay, but low to the adsorption capacity of heavy metal ion, be generally less than 10mg/g.For this reason, many researchers are devoted to the research and development of novel absorption material, in recent years the natural biological material are used for the existing many researchs reports of absorption of aqueous systems heavy metal, but the adsorption capacity of these materials is strong or problem such as commercial Application defectiveness.
Dextrose plus saccharose all can obtain through photosynthesis of plant at occurring in nature, has wide material sources, advantage such as cheap.Glucose is the widest and of paramount importance a kind of monose of distributed in nature, and it is a kind of polyhydroxy aldehyde, has critical role in field of biology, is the energy source and the metabolic intermediate product of living cells.Sucrose not only becomes important additive in the food with the not available characteristic of chemical synthesis sweetener, and because sucrose has unique function, helps the processing of food and the raising of quality.Dextrose plus saccharose has a wide range of applications in industries such as food, medicine, chemical industry, cosmetics, washing agent.Dextrose plus saccharose is as the sufficient natural resources in source, but because of its functional group and characteristic such as biodegradable with chemical modification, receives concern more and more widely at antineoplastic and surfactant field.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is intended to overcome deficiency of the prior art; A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose is provided, can be used for directly that heavy metal ion-containing waste water is handled, the respond well living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose thereby provide a kind of.
Content of the present invention is: the preparation method based on the living beings organic adsorption material of modified glucose or sucrose is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: get phthalic anhydride 10～40 mass parts; Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 50～100 mass parts; Make phthalic anhydride fully dissolve (dispersion) in organic solvent-acetone; Add again 5～20 mass parts glucose, add the catalyst mix of 2～20 mass parts, with mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 6～12 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids; Filtrating is through inorganic salts dried over mgso (can be at room temperature dry 10～30min is to remove the water that dereaction generates), again after organic solvent is removed in distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature confirms that according to the organic solvent of selecting for use purpose is to remove organic solvent), promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
In the content of the present invention: phthalic anhydride described in the step a can replace with chlorobenzoyl chloride, 4-nitro phthalic anhydride, the amino phthalic anhydride of 4-, benzyl chloride or P-methoxybenzoic acid.
In the content of the present invention: glucose described in the step a can replace with sucrose.
In the content of the present invention: organic solvent-acetone described in the step a can replace with the tert-butyl alcohol, pyridine or N, dinethylformamide.
In the content of the present invention: the mass percentage content that catalyst described in the step a can replace with sulfuric acid is the aqueous sulfuric acid more than 90%.
In the content of the present invention: said step b post processing can replace with: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids, filtrating through distill remove organic solvent and water after, promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
In the content of the present invention: in the said step b post processing; Filtrating after organic solvent and water are removed in distillation, remaining material can also be again through washing purifying (when particularly selecting for use sulfuric acid to make catalyst), drying etc., with the living beings organic adsorption material of the high end product of acquisition purity based on modified glucose or sucrose.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect:
(1) adopts the present invention; Dextrose plus saccharose is through the chemical modification process; In the molecule of dextrose plus saccharose, introduced elements (containing lone pair electrons or free electron) such as containing aerobic, nitrogen and had the fragrance derivatives of coordination ability, the complexing power of itself and heavy metal ion is strengthened greatly; The products therefrom dissolubility is good, can in common organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, dissolve, and their adsorption capacity and adsorption site are more, therefore, can directly be used for the purified treatment of heavy metal ion-containing waste water;
(2) adopt the present invention; Through with the dextrose plus saccharose being the biomass-based sorbing material with metal complex ability of matrix modification preparation; After the acetyl group of introducing on its molecule, conjugation
system etc., have certain complexing power, and then possess adsorption capacity the micro-component in the effluent containing heavy metal ions; This material also possesses good desorption and regeneration performance, in industrial use, can repeatedly reuse, and to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment, realizes simultaneously the high efficiente callback of heavy metal ion is utilized again; Can complete biodegradable after this sorbing material product uses, environmentally safe can be widely used in the heavy metal ion that machinery manufacturing industry, chemical industry, plating industry, nuclear industry etc. are produced and adsorb and separate; Material after its absorption is handled through an amount of, be easy to form the biomass-based compound of the three-dimensional net structure of porous, this compound is in gas storage and catch industry great potential is arranged;
(3) product preparation process of the present invention is simple, and raw materials such as dextrose plus saccharose are cheap and easy to get, and cost is low, is used for the processing, respond well, practical of heavy metal ion-containing waste water.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment given below intends so that the present invention is described further; But can not be interpreted as it is restriction to protection domain of the present invention; The technical staff in this field to some nonessential improvement and adjustment that the present invention makes, still belongs to protection scope of the present invention according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose; Comprise the following steps: 15 parts of (mass parts, unit can be kilogram, and is together back) phthalic anhydrides are dissolved under stirring condition in 100 parts of acetone; Take by weighing 10 parts of glucose; Gradation joins in the acetone soln, in solution, adds 3 parts of triethylamines behind the adding glucose as catalyst, and remaining glucose gradation again adds mixing; Reaction temperature is risen to 70 ℃, and stirring reaction naturally cooled to room temperature after 8 hours; The gained mixed material is filtered, and filtrating obtains end product behind drying, distillation purifying.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose; Comprise the following steps: 10 parts of (mass parts, unit can be kilogram, and is together back) phthalic anhydrides are dissolved under stirring condition in 100 parts of acetone; Take by weighing 10 portions of sucrose; Gradation joins in the acetone soln, in solution, adds 8 parts of triethylamines after the adding sucrose as catalyst, and remaining sucrose gradation again adds mixing; Reaction temperature is risen to 70 ℃, and stirring reaction naturally cooled to room temperature after 8 hours.The gained mixed material is filtered, and filtrating obtains end product behind drying, distillation purifying.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose; Comprise the following steps: 12 parts of (mass parts, unit can be kilogram, and is back same) phthalic anhydrides are joined to stir in 100 parts of tert-butyl alcohols under stirring condition and make it be uniformly dispersed into solution; Take by weighing 10 parts of glucose; Gradation joins in the solution, adds in solution, to add 5 parts of triethylamines behind the glucose as catalyst, and remaining glucose gradation again adds and mixes; Reaction temperature is risen to 95 ℃, and stirring reaction naturally cooled to room temperature after 8 hours; The gained mixed material is filtered, and filtrating obtains end product behind drying, distillation purifying.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose comprises the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: (unit can be kilogram to get phthalic anhydride 10 mass parts; The back together); Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 50 mass parts, make phthalic anhydride fully dissolve (dispersion) in organic solvent-acetone, add the glucose of 5 mass parts, the catalyst mix of adding 2 mass parts again; With mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 6 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids; Filtrating is through inorganic salts dried over mgso (can be at room temperature dry 10～30min is to remove the water that dereaction generates), again after organic solvent is removed in distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature confirms that according to the organic solvent of selecting for use purpose is to remove organic solvent), promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose comprises the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: (unit can be kilogram to get phthalic anhydride 40 mass parts; The back together); Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 100 mass parts, make phthalic anhydride fully dissolve (dispersion) in organic solvent-acetone, add the glucose of 20 mass parts, the catalyst mix of adding 20 mass parts again; With mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 12 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids; Filtrating is through inorganic salts dried over mgso (can be at room temperature dry 10～30min is to remove the water that dereaction generates), again after organic solvent is removed in distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature confirms that according to the organic solvent of selecting for use purpose is to remove organic solvent), promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose comprises the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: (unit can be kilogram to get phthalic anhydride 25 mass parts; The back together); Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 75 mass parts, make phthalic anhydride fully dissolve (dispersion) in organic solvent-acetone, add the glucose of 12 mass parts, the catalyst mix of adding 11 mass parts again; With mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 8 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids; Filtrating is through inorganic salts dried over mgso (can be at room temperature dry 10～30min is to remove the water that dereaction generates), again after organic solvent is removed in distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature confirms that according to the organic solvent of selecting for use purpose is to remove organic solvent), promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose comprises the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: (unit can be kilogram to get phthalic anhydride 10～40 mass parts; The back together); Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 50～100 mass parts, make phthalic anhydride fully dissolve (dispersion) in organic solvent-acetone, add the glucose of 5～20 mass parts, the catalyst mix of adding 2～20 mass parts again; With mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 6～12 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids; Filtrating is through inorganic salts dried over mgso (can be at room temperature dry 10～30min is to remove the water that dereaction generates), again after organic solvent is removed in distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature confirms that according to the organic solvent of selecting for use purpose is to remove organic solvent), promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
Embodiment 8-14:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose comprises the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: (unit can be kilogram to get phthalic anhydride 10～40 mass parts; The back together); Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 50～100 mass parts, make phthalic anhydride fully dissolve (dispersion) in organic solvent-acetone, add the glucose of 5～20 mass parts, the catalyst mix of adding 2～20 mass parts again; With mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 6～12 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture; The concrete consumption of each component raw material sees the following form 1 among each embodiment;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids; Filtrating is through inorganic salts dried over mgso (can be at room temperature dry 10～30min is to remove the water that dereaction generates), again after organic solvent is removed in distillation (vapo(u)rizing temperature confirms that according to the organic solvent of selecting for use purpose is to remove organic solvent), promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
Table 1: the concrete scale of using of each component raw material among each embodiment:
Embodiment 15:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose, phthalic anhydride described in the step a replaces with chlorobenzoyl chloride, 4-nitro phthalic anhydride, the amino phthalic anhydride of 4-, benzyl chloride or P-methoxybenzoic acid; Other is with arbitrary among the embodiment 1-14, slightly.
Embodiment 16:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose, glucose replaces with sucrose described in the step a; Other is with arbitrary among the embodiment 1-15, slightly.
Embodiment 17:
A kind of preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose, the mass percentage content that catalyst described in the step a replaces with sulfuric acid is the aqueous sulfuric acid more than 90%; Other is with arbitrary among the embodiment 1-16, slightly.
In the foregoing description: organic solvent-acetone described in the step a can replace with the tert-butyl alcohol, pyridine or N, dinethylformamide.
In the foregoing description: said step b post processing can replace with: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter; Discard solids, filtrating through distill remove organic solvent and water after, promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
In the foregoing description: in the said step b post processing; Filtrating after organic solvent and water are removed in distillation, remaining material can also be again through washing purifying (when particularly selecting for use sulfuric acid to make catalyst), drying etc., with the living beings organic adsorption material of the high end product of acquisition purity based on modified glucose or sucrose.
In the foregoing description: each raw material that is adopted is the commercially available prod, wherein:
In the foregoing description: in the percentage that is adopted, do not indicate especially, be weight (quality) percentage; Said quality (weight) part can all be gram or kilogram.
In the foregoing description: the technological parameter in each step and each amounts of components numerical value etc. are scope, and any point is all applicable.
The not concrete same prior art of narrating of technology contents in content of the present invention and the foregoing description.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, content of the present invention is said all can implement and have said good result.
Claims (10)
1. based on the preparation method of the living beings organic adsorption material of modified glucose or sucrose, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, raw material hybrid reaction: get phthalic anhydride 10～40 mass parts; Mix with the organic solvent-acetone of 50～100 mass parts; Add the glucose of 5～20 mass parts, the catalyst mix of adding 2～20 mass parts again; With mixed material be warming up to 60～100 ℃ and under this temperature stirring reaction 6～12 hours, obtain reacting the back mixture;
Described catalyst is triethylamine or pyridine;
B, post processing: after will reacting the back mixture being cooled to room temperature, filter, filtrating through the inorganic salts dried over mgso, again through distill remove organic solvent after, promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
2. by the preparation method of the described living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose of claim 1, it is characterized in that: phthalic anhydride described in the step a replaces with chlorobenzoyl chloride, 4-nitro phthalic anhydride, the amino phthalic anhydride of 4-, benzyl chloride or P-methoxybenzoic acid.
3. by the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described living beings organic adsorption materials based on modified glucose or sucrose, it is characterized in that: glucose replaces with sucrose described in the step a.
4. by the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described living beings organic adsorption materials based on modified glucose or sucrose, it is characterized in that: organic solvent-acetone described in the step a replaces with the tert-butyl alcohol, pyridine or N, dinethylformamide.
5. by the preparation method of the described living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose of claim 3, it is characterized in that: organic solvent-acetone described in the step a replaces with the tert-butyl alcohol, pyridine or N, dinethylformamide.
6. by the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described living beings organic adsorption materials based on modified glucose or sucrose, it is characterized in that: the mass percentage content that catalyst described in the step a replaces with sulfuric acid is the aqueous sulfuric acid more than 90%.
7. by the preparation method of the described living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the mass percentage content that catalyst described in the step a replaces with sulfuric acid is the aqueous sulfuric acid more than 90%.
8. by the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described living beings organic adsorption materials based on modified glucose or sucrose; It is characterized in that: said step b post processing replaces with: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter, filtrating through distill remove organic solvent and water after, promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
9. by the preparation method of the described living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose of claim 3; It is characterized in that: said step b post processing replaces with: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter, filtrating through distill remove organic solvent and water after, promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
10. by the preparation method of the described living beings organic adsorption material based on modified glucose or sucrose of claim 4; It is characterized in that: said step b post processing replaces with: after mixture is cooled to room temperature after will reacting; Filter, filtrating through distill remove organic solvent and water after, promptly make the living beings organic adsorption material of product based on modified glucose or sucrose.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113717136A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-30 | 江西师范大学 | High-yield green safe synthesis method of 3,3',4,4' -biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride |
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| CN113717136B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-05-09 | 江西师范大学 | Synthesis method of 3,3', 4' -biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride |
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