CN102494334B - Coal powder combustion system used in high-moisture type coal oxygen-enriched combustion - Google Patents
Coal powder combustion system used in high-moisture type coal oxygen-enriched combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494334B CN102494334B CN2011104366691A CN201110436669A CN102494334B CN 102494334 B CN102494334 B CN 102494334B CN 2011104366691 A CN2011104366691 A CN 2011104366691A CN 201110436669 A CN201110436669 A CN 201110436669A CN 102494334 B CN102494334 B CN 102494334B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal powder combustion system used in high-moisture type coal oxygen-enriched combustion. With the combustion system, a boiler can be switched between two modes, which are an air combustion mode and an oxygen-enriched combustion mode. According to the system, coal powder is prepared by using a fan coal-mill (4); a blower (11) is started, and the coal powder is delivered in a dry state by using a mixed gas of high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature flue gas and air, such that the combustion system is in an air combustion state. The blower (11) is stopped, and an oxygen producing apparatus (15) is started; the coal powder is delivered in a dry state by using a mixed gas of high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas, such that the combustion system is in an oxygen-enriched combustion state. Oxygen from the oxygen producing apparatus (15) is divided into two parts. One part is mixed with recycled low-temperature flue gas, and the mixed gas is delivered into a furnace as secondary gas flow. The other part with a form of pure oxygen is delivered into the furnace through a combusting apparatus. Therefore, oxygen for coal powder combustion can be supplemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pulverized coal combustion system, especially a kind of pulverized coal combustion system of high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting.
Background technology
Oxygen-enriched combustion technology is as a kind of important CO
2capturing technology has obtained increasing concern.It can be used for the technological transformation of existing boiler.In oxygen-enriched combustion technology, pure oxygen and part flue gas recycled enter boiler combustion after mixing, and can make CO in flue gas
2concentration reaches more than 80%, is convenient to catch.Approach during for the temperature that makes oxygen-enriched combustion boiler and air burning, need to control the flue gas recycled amount, make to enter the O of burner hearth
2concentration maintains certain certain value.Large quantity research shows, this O
2concentration value is greatly between 25～35%.Flue gas recycled enters burner hearth with oxygen or after mixing, or enters respectively burner hearth by burner.
Due to the continuous recirculation of flue gas, flue gas moisture content, much larger than the air burning situation.Especially for the coal of some high-moistures, the moisture in flue gas is higher.When after high-moisture flue gas and oxygen mix, pulverized coal conveying enters burner hearth, as too low as the mist temperature, dewfall easily occurs in the moisture in flue gas, thereby causes pulverized coal channel to stop up; As the mist excess Temperature, easily cause the coal dust detonation, cause danger.For addressing this problem, usually need flue gas recycled cooling, dehydration, and then heat up pulverized coal conveying.
When adopting flue gas recycled and oxygen to enter respectively the scheme of burner hearth, available flue gas recycled, or the flue gas recycled that mixes a small amount of oxygen carrys out pulverized coal conveying.Now, in blending agent, oxygen concentration is lower, and temperature can be increased to higher level.But while adopting the flue gas pulverized coal conveying, in pumped (conveying) medium, oxygen concentration is too low, and water vapour content is too high, is unfavorable for catching fire of coal dust.
High-moisture coal contained humidity is higher, and required drying capacity is larger.No matter be to use the flue gas recycled pulverized coal conveying, or carry out pulverized coal conveying with the mist of flue gas recycled and oxygen, all need that pumped (conveying) medium is heated to higher temperature and carry out pulverized coal conveying, the layout of this design to boiler air preheater and heating surface has proposed higher requirement.
For ease of operation management in power plant, during the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler operation, must possess the function of air burning, must between oxygen-enriched combusting and air burning, freely switch.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to provide a kind of new coal powder direct supplying combustion system for high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting, can make boiler freely switch between oxygen-enriched combusting and two kinds of patterns of air burning.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of pulverized coal combustion system for high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting, comprise boiler body, feeder, down drying pipe, blower mill, mill separator, pulverized coal distributor or weary gas separating device, cigarette wind blender, burner, secondary air box, air preheater, pressure fan, recirculation blower, air-introduced machine, deduster, oxygen generating plant, this combustion system can make boiler freely switch between air burning and two kinds of patterns of oxygen-enriched combusting, the starting pressure fan, utilize the high-temperature flue gas low-temperature flue gas, the mist of air carrys out dry pulverized coal conveying, make combustion system in the air burning state, out-of-blast machine, the starting oxygen generating plant, utilize the mist of high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature flue gas to carry out dry pulverized coal conveying, makes combustion system in the oxygen-enriched combusting state, oxygen from oxygen generating plant divides two-way, and a road is mixed as Secondary Air and entered burner hearth with the low-temperature flue gas of recirculation, and a road, with the pure oxygen form, enters burner hearth by burner, supplements the required oxygen of coal dust firing.Native system adopts fanned powder-grinding system, when air burning, the negative pressure of utilizing fan mill to form is from upper furnace extracting high-temperature flue gas, temperature is greatly between 700 ℃～1100 ℃, the low-temperature flue gas extracted from back-end ductwork, temperature is greatly between 100 ℃～200 ℃, and the hot-air extracted from the air preheater outlet, temperature is greatly about 300 ℃ of left and right, and the three mixes in cigarette wind blender.Utilize the mist formed carry out dry coal dust and regulate the temperature that coal pulverizer exports, mist carries coal dust and enters burner hearth by burner.
When oxygen-enriched combusting, pressure fan is out of service.The low-temperature flue gas extracted from back-end ductwork, temperature between 100 ℃～200 ℃, is divided into two-way greatly.The high-temperature flue gas that one road low-temperature flue gas and upper furnace extract mixes in cigarette wind blender, forms mist, enters the dry coal dust of coal pulverizer and enters burner hearth by burner as the pumped (conveying) medium of coal dust; Another road low-temperature flue gas, by air preheater, is heated to 250 ℃～400 ℃ left and right, enters the oxygen mix that secondary air box and oxygen generating plant come, and forms Secondary Air and enters burner hearth.The O that oxygen generating plant is produced
2be divided into two-way, a road enters secondary air box, with flue gas recycled, is mixed and fed into mutually burner hearth.Another road by the passage in coal burner when breeze airflow is about to enter burner hearth or has just entered burner hearth, mix breeze airflow, to increase breeze airflow rigidity the required oxygen of aftercombustion.The total amount of two-way oxygen accounts for 25%～35% left and right that enters the burner hearth total blast volume.
Coal burner for this system is comprised of two or more passages.Wherein main channel, mainly walk coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof, and other accessory channels are walked hot-air when air burning, walk oxygen when oxygen-enriched combusting.
Adopt this oxygen-enriched combustion system can reach following effect:
1, boiler can freely switch between oxygen-enriched combusting and two kinds of patterns of air burning.
2, the required drying capacity of high-moisture coal is larger.This combustion system is when oxygen-enriched combusting, and the negative pressure of utilizing blower mill 4 to form is from upper furnace extracting high-temperature flue gas, and the low-temperature flue gas extracted with back-end ductwork mixes dry coal dust afterwards, thereby can provide enough mill coal dryings to exert oneself.
3, adopt the flue gas recycled pulverized coal conveying, can make in pumped (conveying) medium oxygen content in reduced levels, the possibility of coal dust detonation is little, can control the disintegrating outlet temperature in higher level, reach as high as 160 ℃～180 ℃, thereby can prevent the moisture generation dewfall in pumped (conveying) medium, stop up the coal dust pipeline.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of complete layout of oxygen-enriched combustion system.
Fig. 2 is the another kind of complete layout of oxygen-enriched combustion system.
Fig. 3 is a kind of way of realization for this oxygen-enriched combustion system coal burner.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of way of realization for this oxygen-enriched combustion system coal burner.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Below with Fig. 1, Fig. 3, embodiment of the present invention is described.
The complete layout of a kind of embodiment that Fig. 1 is this oxygen-enriched combustion system.Embodiment as shown in Figure 1, whole system comprises boiler body 1, feeder 2, down drying pipe 3, blower mill 4, mill separator 5, pulverized coal distributor 6, cigarette wind blender 7, burner 8, secondary air box 9, air preheater 10, pressure fan 11, recirculation blower 12, air-introduced machine 13, deduster 14, oxygen generating plant 15, by-pass valve control 21.
Be applied to a wind in the burner 8 of combustion system/coal dust assembly and be comprised of two or more passages, wherein coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof are walked in main channel, and other accessory channel is walked hot-air when air burning, walks oxygen during oxygen-enriched combusting.A kind of way of realization that Fig. 3 is a wind for this system/coal dust assembly, center arrangement at straight-through pulverized coal burner shell 17 has cross airduct 18, in cross airduct 18, be other accessory channels, walk hot-air when air burning, walk oxygen during oxygen-enriched combusting, be main channel in airduct 18 outer burner shells 17, walk coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof.Another way of realization that Fig. 4 is a wind for this system/coal dust assembly, have rectangular air duct (19) in the disposed outside of burner housing (17), and described airduct (19) encases burner housing (17); Being main thoroughfare in burner housing (17), walking coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof, is accessory channel between burner housing (17) and airduct (19), walks hot-air when air burning, walks oxygen during oxygen-enriched combusting.
When combustion system adopts air burning, air enters air preheater 10 after by pressure fan 11 superchargings and is heated; Be divided into two-way after heating.After the low-temperature flue gas that the high-temperature flue gas that one road air and upper furnace extract, afterbody extract mixes in cigarette wind blender 7, and raw coal enters blower mill 4 by down drying pipe 3, through mill separator 5, pulverized coal distributor 6 and burner 8, enters burner hearth; Another road air enters secondary air box 9, by the overfire air port in burner 8, enters burner hearth.When entering burner hearth, the mist that carries coal dust flows through in the main channel from Feng coal dust assembly; Accessory channel sprays into hot-air, for breeze airflow provides rigidity, and is the timely supplemental oxygen of coal dust firing.
When combustion system adopts oxygen-enriched combusting, pressure fan 11 shuts down.The low-temperature flue gas of back-end ductwork, after deduster 14, is divided into two-way after recirculation blower 12, and a road low-temperature flue gas enters cigarette wind blender 7 and high-temperature flue gas mixes, and enters the dry also pulverized coal conveying of blower mill 4, and enters burner hearth by burner 8; Another road low-temperature flue gas enters secondary air box 9 by air preheater 10.Oxygen O
2from oxygen generating plant 15 out, be divided into two-way, the low-temperature flue gas mixing that heat in secondary air box 9 with through air preheater on a road, mixed gas enters burner hearth by the overfire air jet in burner 8; Another road oxygen O
2enter burner hearth by the accessory channel in time wind assembly of coal dust/mono-in burner 8, to supplement in time the required oxygen of coal dust firing.
When combustion system is switched to oxygen-enriched combusting by air burning, oxygen generating plant 15 starts, the ascending combustion system that progressively enters of amount of oxygen.Pressure fan progressively reduces to send into the air capacity of burner hearth simultaneously, and recirculation blower progressively increases the amount that makes flue gas recycled enter air preheater 10 and constantly increases.Along with the prolongation of time, enter the O of burner hearth
2more and more, air is fewer and feweri, along with the generation of burning, the CO in flue gas
2concentration is more and more higher, and during to last stablizing, pressure fan 11 is out of service.
Embodiment 2:
Below with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, embodiment of the present invention is described.
The complete layout of another embodiment that Fig. 2 is this oxygen-enriched combustion system.Embodiment as shown in Figure 2, whole system comprises boiler body 1, feeder 2, down drying pipe 3, blower mill 4, mill separator 5, cigarette wind blender 7, burner 8, secondary air box 9, air preheater 10, pressure fan 11, recirculation blower 12, air-introduced machine 13, deduster 14, oxygen generating plant 15, weary gas separating device 16.In this system, burner 8 is divided into two-layer layout, i.e. the weary air burner in bottom main burner and top.The air-flow in blower mill 4 exits can be separated by weary gas separating device 16.Weary gas separating device 16 outlet minute two-way, a road is that fraction air-flow and most coal dust can be separated and enter the main burner of bottom, and the breeze airflow of main burner concentrate and the moisture minimizing, and burning is strengthened; Another road is the weary air burner that most air-flow and a small amount of coal dust enter top.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
When combustion system adopts air burning, air enters air preheater 10 after by pressure fan 11 superchargings and is heated; Be divided into two-way after heating.One tunnel enters secondary air box 9 and enters burner hearth as Secondary Air.After the low-temperature flue gas that the high-temperature flue gas that another road air and upper furnace extract, afterbody extract mixes in cigarette wind blender 7, enter blower mill 4 with raw coal by dry down-comer 3, be divided into two strands, thick coal culm air-flow and thin powdered coal air-flow after mill separator 5, weary gas separating device 16.Wherein the thick coal culm air-flow enters the main burner of bottom, and the thin powdered coal air-flow enters the weary air burner on top.When entering main burner, the mist that carries coal dust passes through from the main channel Feng coal dust assembly, and accessory channel sprays into hot blast, for breeze airflow provides rigidity and is the timely supplemental oxygen of coal dust firing.During oxygen-enriched combusting, pressure fan 11 shuts down.The flue gas of back-end ductwork is divided into two-way after recirculation blower 12, and a road enters cigarette wind blender 7 and high-temperature flue gas mixes, and enters the dry also pulverized coal conveying of blower mill 4, and enters burner hearth by burner 8; After another road is heated to uniform temperature by air preheater 10, enter the oxygen O that secondary air box 9 and oxygen generating plant 15 are produced
2mixing enters burner hearth as Secondary Air.The oxygen O that oxygen generating plant 15 is produced
2be divided into two-way, a road is mixed into burner hearth in secondary air box 9 and flue gas, and another road enters burner hearth by the accessory channel in a wind in burner (8)/coal dust assembly, to supplement in time the required oxygen of coal dust firing.
Claims (9)
1. the pulverized coal combustion system for high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting, comprise boiler body (1), feeder (2), down drying pipe (3), blower mill (4), mill separator (5), pulverized coal distributor (6) or weary gas separating device (16), cigarette wind blender (7), burner (8), secondary air box (9), air preheater (10), pressure fan (11), recirculation blower (12), air-introduced machine (13), deduster (14), oxygen generating plant (15), it is characterized in that, this combustion system can make boiler freely switch between air burning and two kinds of patterns of oxygen-enriched combusting, starting pressure fan (11), utilize high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature flue gas and air to carry out dry pulverized coal conveying at the mist of cigarette wind blender (7), makes combustion system in the air burning state, during oxygen-enriched combusting, out-of-blast machine (11), utilize high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas at the mixed mist of cigarette wind blender (7), carry out dry pulverized coal conveying, oxygen from oxygen generating plant (15) divides two-way, and a road is mixed as Secondary Air and entered burner hearth with the low-temperature flue gas of flue gas recycled, and a road is with the pure oxygen form, enter burner hearth by burner, supplement the required oxygen of coal dust firing.
2. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1, described high-temperature flue gas is to utilize the negative pressure that blower mill forms to extract out from upper furnace.
3. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: a wind of the burner adopted (8)/coal dust assembly forms with upper channel by two, and one of them passage is main channel, walks coal dust and carries medium; All the other are accessory channel, when air burning, walk hot-air, when oxygen-enriched combusting, walk oxygen.
4. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when oxygen-enriched combusting, adopt the mixed flue gas of high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas to carry out dry and pulverized coal conveying, high-temperature flue-gas is between 700 ℃～1100 ℃, and the low-temperature flue gas temperature is between 100 ℃～200 ℃.
5. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when oxygen-enriched combusting, oxygen divides two-way to enter burner hearth, a road oxygen by burner (8) when being about to enter burner hearth and breeze airflow mix, the required oxygen of aftercombustion in time; Another road oxygen mixes as Secondary Air and enters burner hearth in secondary air box with the low-temperature flue gas of flue gas recycled, and the gross mass of two-way oxygen accounts for and enters 25%～35% of boiler total blast volume.
6. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when oxygen-enriched combusting, flue gas recycled is divided into Cheng Sanlu, one road high-temperature flue gas and a road low-temperature flue gas are as the dry pumped (conveying) medium of coal dust after cigarette wind blender (7) mixes, and a road low-temperature flue gas enters burner hearth with oxygen mix as Secondary Air after air preheater.
7. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: while using the next dry pulverized coal conveying of mist of high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas, weary gas separating device (16) is installed in the outlet of blower mill (4), the breeze airflow of burner (8) is concentrated and the moisture minimizing, thereby burning is strengthened.
8. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: burner housing (17) center arrangement in burner (8) has cross airduct (18), in cross airduct (18), being accessory channel, is main channel between burner housing (17) and cross airduct (18).
9. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the disposed outside at burner housing (17) in burner (8) has airduct (19), and described airduct (19) encases burner housing (17); In burner housing (17), being main channel, is accessory channel between burner housing (17) and airduct (19).
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