CN102494334A - Coal powder combustion system used in high-moisture type coal oxygen-enriched combustion - Google Patents
Coal powder combustion system used in high-moisture type coal oxygen-enriched combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494334A CN102494334A CN2011104366691A CN201110436669A CN102494334A CN 102494334 A CN102494334 A CN 102494334A CN 2011104366691 A CN2011104366691 A CN 2011104366691A CN 201110436669 A CN201110436669 A CN 201110436669A CN 102494334 A CN102494334 A CN 102494334A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal powder combustion system used in high-moisture type coal oxygen-enriched combustion. With the combustion system, a boiler can be switched between two modes, which are an air combustion mode and an oxygen-enriched combustion mode. According to the system, coal powder is prepared by using a fan coal-mill (4); a blower (11) is started, and the coal powder is delivered in a dry state by using a mixed gas of high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature flue gas and air, such that the combustion system is in an air combustion state. The blower (11) is stopped, and an oxygen producing apparatus (15) is started; the coal powder is delivered in a dry state by using a mixed gas of high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas, such that the combustion system is in an oxygen-enriched combustion state. Oxygen from the oxygen producing apparatus (15) is divided into two parts. One part is mixed with recycled low-temperature flue gas, and the mixed gas is delivered into a furnace as secondary gas flow. The other part with a form of pure oxygen is delivered into the furnace through a combusting apparatus. Therefore, oxygen for coal powder combustion can be supplemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pulverized coal combustion system, especially a kind of pulverized coal combustion system of high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting.
Background technology
Oxygen-enriched combustion technology is as a kind of important CO
2Capturing technology has obtained increasing concern.It can be used for the technological transformation of existing boiler.In oxygen-enriched combustion technology, pure oxygen and part flue gas recycled mix the back and get into boiler combustion, can make CO in the flue gas
2Concentration reaches more than 80%, is convenient to catch.Approaching during for the temperature that makes oxygen-enriched combustion boiler and air burning, need control flue gas recycled amount, make the O that gets into burner hearth
2Concentration is kept certain certain value.Big quantity research shows this O
2Concentration value is greatly between 25～35%.Flue gas recycled is with oxygen or mix back entering burner hearth, or gets into burner hearth respectively through burner.
Because the continuous recirculation of flue gas, moisture in the flue gas is much larger than the air burning situation.Especially for the coal of some high-moistures, the moisture in the flue gas is higher.When pulverized coal conveying got into burner hearth after with high-moisture flue gas and oxygen mix, low excessively like the mist temperature, then the moisture in the flue gas was prone to dewfall takes place, thereby causes pulverized coal channel to stop up; Too high like the mist temperature, then be prone to cause the coal dust detonation, cause danger.For addressing this problem, usually need lower the temperature, dewater, and then heat up pulverized coal conveying flue gas recycled.
When adopting flue gas recycled and oxygen to get into the scheme of burner hearth respectively, available flue gas recycled, or the flue gas recycled of mixing minor amounts of oxygen comes pulverized coal conveying.At this moment, oxygen concentration is lower in the blending agent, and temperature can be increased to higher level.But when adopting the flue gas pulverized coal conveying, oxygen concentration is low excessively in the pumped (conveying) medium, and water vapour content is too high, is unfavorable for catching fire of coal dust.
High-moisture coal contained humidity is higher, and required drying is exerted oneself bigger.No matter be to use the flue gas recycled pulverized coal conveying; Still the mist with flue gas recycled and oxygen comes pulverized coal conveying; Need that all pumped (conveying) medium is heated to higher temperature and come pulverized coal conveying, this has proposed higher requirement to the design of boiler air preheater and the layout of heating surface.
For ease of operation management in power plant, during the oxygen-enriched combustion boiler operation, must possess the function of air burning, must between oxygen-enriched combusting and air burning, freely switch.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provides a kind of new coal powder direct supplying combustion system that is used for high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting, and boiler is freely switched between oxygen-enriched combusting and two kinds of patterns of air burning.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of pulverized coal combustion system that is used for high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting comprises boiler body, feeder, decline drying tube; Blower mill, mill separator, pulverized coal distributor or weary gas separating device, cigarette wind blender; Burner, secondary air box, air preheater, pressure fan; Recirculation blower, air-introduced machine, deduster, oxygen generating plant; This combustion system can make boiler between air burning and two kinds of patterns of oxygen-enriched combusting, freely switch, and the starting pressure fan utilizes high-temperature flue gas low-temperature flue gas, Air mixing gas to come dry pulverized coal conveying, makes combustion system be in the air burning state; Out-of-blast machine, the starting oxygen generating plant utilizes the mist of high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature flue gas to come dry pulverized coal conveying, makes combustion system be in the oxygen-enriched combusting state; Oxygen from oxygen generating plant divides two-way, and one the tunnel mixes with the low-temperature flue gas of recirculation as secondary wind and gets into burner hearth, and one the tunnel with the pure oxygen form, gets into burner hearth through burner, replenishes the required oxygen of coal dust firing.Native system adopts fanned powder-grinding system, and when air burning, the negative pressure of utilizing the formation of fan mill is from upper furnace extracting high-temperature flue gas; Temperature is greatly between 700 ℃～1100 ℃; From the low-temperature flue gas that back-end ductwork extracts, temperature is greatly between 100 ℃～200 ℃, and the hot-air that extracts from the air preheater outlet; About about 300 ℃, the three mixes in cigarette wind blender temperature greatly.The temperature of utilizing the next dry coal dust of the mist that forms and regulating the coal pulverizer outlet, mist carries coal dust and gets into burner hearth through burner.
When oxygen-enriched combusting, pressure fan is out of service.From the low-temperature flue gas that back-end ductwork extracts, temperature between 100 ℃～200 ℃, is divided into two-way greatly.One road low-temperature flue gas mixes in cigarette wind blender with the high-temperature flue gas that upper furnace extracts, and the formation mist gets into the dry coal dust of coal pulverizer also through the pumped (conveying) medium entering burner hearth of burner as coal dust; Another road low-temperature flue gas then through air preheater, is heated to about 250 ℃～400 ℃, gets into the oxygen mix that secondary air box and oxygen generating plant come, and forms secondary wind and gets into burner hearth.The O that oxygen generating plant is produced
2Be divided into two-way, the one tunnel gets into secondary air box, is mixed and fed into burner hearth mutually with flue gas recycled.Another road then through the passage in the coal burner when breeze airflow is about to get into burner hearth or has just got into burner hearth, mix breeze airflow, to increase breeze airflow rigidity and the required oxygen of aftercombustion.The total amount of two-way oxygen accounts for and gets into about 25%～35% of burner hearth total blast volume.
The coal burner that is used for this system is made up of two or more passages.Wherein hot-air mainly walk coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof, and other accessory channels is walked when air burning in the main channel, when oxygen-enriched combusting, walks oxygen.
Adopt this oxygen-enriched combusting system can reach following effect:
1, boiler can freely switch between oxygen-enriched combusting and two kinds of patterns of air burning.
2, the required drying of high-moisture coal is exerted oneself bigger.This combustion system is when oxygen-enriched combusting, and the negative pressure of utilizing blower mill 4 formation is from upper furnace extracting high-temperature flue gas, and the low-temperature flue gas that extracts with back-end ductwork mixes dry afterwards coal dust, thereby can provide enough mill coal dryings to exert oneself.
3, adopt the flue gas recycled pulverized coal conveying; Can make that oxygen content is in reduced levels in the pumped (conveying) medium; The possibility of coal dust detonation is little, can control to grind mouthful temperature and be in higher level, reaches as high as 160 ℃～180 ℃; Thereby can prevent the moisture generation dewfall in the pumped (conveying) medium, stop up the coal dust pipeline.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of complete layout of oxygen-enriched combusting system.
Fig. 2 is the another kind of complete layout of oxygen-enriched combusting system.
Fig. 3 is a kind of way of realization that is used for this oxygen-enriched combusting system coal burner.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of way of realization that is used for this oxygen-enriched combusting system coal burner.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
With Fig. 1, Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention is described below.
Fig. 1 is the complete layout of a kind of embodiment of this oxygen-enriched combusting system.Embodiment as shown in Figure 1, whole system comprise boiler body 1, feeder 2, decline drying tube 3; Blower mill 4, mill separator 5, pulverized coal distributor 6, cigarette wind blender 7; Burner 8, secondary air box 9, air preheater 10, pressure fan 11; Recirculation blower 12, air-introduced machine 13, deduster 14, oxygen generating plant 15, by-pass valve control 21.
A wind/coal dust the assembly that is applied in the burner 8 of combustion system is made up of two or more passages, and wherein coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof are walked in the main channel, and other accessory channel is walked hot-air when air burning, walk oxygen during oxygen-enriched combusting.Fig. 3 is a kind of way of realization that is used for a wind/coal dust assembly of this system; Center arrangement at straight-through pulverized coal burner shell 17 has cross airduct 18; In the cross airduct 18 is other accessory channels, when air burning, walks hot-air, walks oxygen during oxygen-enriched combusting; In the airduct 18 outer burner shells 17 is the main channel, walks coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof.Fig. 4 is another way of realization that is used for a wind/coal dust assembly of this system, in the disposed outside of burner housing (17) rectangular air duct (19) is arranged, and said airduct (19) encases burner housing (17); In the burner housing (17) is the main thoroughfare, walks coal dust and pumped (conveying) medium thereof, is accessory channel between burner housing (17) and the airduct (19), when air burning, walks hot-air, walks oxygen during oxygen-enriched combusting.
When combustion system adopted air burning, air got into air preheater 10 after through pressure fan 11 superchargings and heats; Be divided into two-way after the heating.After the low-temperature flue gas that the high-temperature flue gas that one road air and upper furnace extract, afterbody extract mixes in cigarette wind blender 7 and raw coal through decline drying tube 3 entering blower mills 4, through mill separator 5, pulverized coal distributor 6 and burner 8 entering burner hearths; Another road air gets into secondary air box 9, gets into burner hearth through the overfire air port in the burner 8.When getting into burner hearth, the mist that carries coal dust flows through in the main channel from Feng coal dust assembly; Accessory channel then sprays into hot-air, for breeze airflow provides rigidity, and is the timely supplemental oxygen of coal dust firing.
When combustion system adopted oxygen-enriched combusting, pressure fan 11 shut down.The low-temperature flue gas of back-end ductwork is divided into two-way through behind the deduster 14 behind recirculation blower 12, one road low-temperature flue gas gets into cigarette wind blender 7 to be mixed with high-temperature flue gas, gets into blower mill 4 dry and pulverized coal conveyings, and gets into burner hearth through burner 8; Another road low-temperature flue gas gets into secondary air box 9 through air preheater 10.Oxygen O
2After coming out from oxygen generating plant 15, be divided into two-way, the one tunnel mixes in secondary air box 9 with through the low-temperature flue gas that air preheater heat, and mixed gas passes through the overfire air jet entering burner hearth in the burner 8; Another road oxygen O
2Get into burner hearth through the accessory channel in time wind assembly of coal dust/one in the burner 8, in time to replenish the required oxygen of coal dust firing.
When combustion system by air burning when oxygen-enriched combusting switches, oxygen generating plant 15 starts, the ascending combustion system that progressively gets into of amount of oxygen.Pressure fan progressively reduces to send into the air capacity of burner hearth simultaneously, and recirculation blower progressively increases the amount that makes flue gas recycled get into air preheater 10 and constantly increases.Along with the prolongation of time, get into the O of burner hearth
2More and more, air is fewer and feweri, along with the generation of burning, the CO in the flue gas
2Concentration is increasingly high, and when stablizing to the end, pressure fan 11 is out of service.
Embodiment 2:
With Fig. 2, Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention is described below.
Fig. 2 is the complete layout of another embodiment of this oxygen-enriched combusting system.Embodiment as shown in Figure 2, whole system comprise boiler body 1, feeder 2, decline drying tube 3; Blower mill 4, mill separator 5, cigarette wind blender 7, burner 8; Secondary air box 9, air preheater 10, pressure fan 11, recirculation blower 12; Air-introduced machine 13, deduster 14, oxygen generating plant 15, weary gas separating device 16.In this system, burner 8 is divided into two-layer layout, i.e. the weary air burner in bottom main burner and top.The air-flow in blower mill 4 exits can separate through weary gas separating device 16.Weary gas separating device 16 outlets divide two-way, and one the tunnel is that fraction air-flow and most coal dust can be separated and get into the main burner of bottom, and the breeze airflow of main burner obtains concentrating and moisture reduces, and burning is strengthened; Another road is the weary air burner that most air-flow and a spot of coal dust then get into top.All the other are identical with embodiment 1.
When combustion system adopted air burning, air got into air preheater 10 after through pressure fan 11 superchargings and heats; Be divided into two-way after the heating.One the tunnel gets into secondary air box 9 gets into burner hearth as secondary wind.After the low-temperature flue gas that the high-temperature flue gas that another road air and upper furnace extract, afterbody extract mixes in cigarette wind blender 7; Get into blower mill 4 with raw coal through dry down-comer 3, behind mill separator 5, weary gas separating device 16, be divided into two strands in thick coal culm air-flow and thin powdered coal air-flow.Wherein the thick coal culm air-flow gets into the main burner of bottom, and the thin powdered coal air-flow gets into the weary air burner on top.When getting into main burner, the mist that carries coal dust passes through from the main channel Feng coal dust assembly, and accessory channel then sprays into hot blast, for breeze airflow provides rigidity and is the timely supplemental oxygen of coal dust firing.During oxygen-enriched combusting, pressure fan 11 shuts down.The flue gas of back-end ductwork is divided into two-way behind recirculation blower 12, the one tunnel gets into cigarette wind blender 7 mixes with high-temperature flue gas, gets into blower mill 4 dry and pulverized coal conveyings, and gets into burner hearth through burner 8; After another road is heated to uniform temperature through air preheater 10, get into the oxygen O that secondary air box 9 and oxygen generating plant 15 are produced
2Mixing gets into burner hearth as secondary wind.The oxygen O that oxygen generating plant 15 is produced
2Be divided into two-way, the one tunnel is mixed into burner hearth at secondary air box 9 and flue gas, and another road gets into burner hearth through the accessory channel in a wind/coal dust assembly in the burner (8), in time to replenish the required oxygen of coal dust firing.
Claims (9)
1. a pulverized coal combustion system that is used for high-moisture coal oxygen-enriched combusting comprises boiler body (1), feeder (2), decline drying tube (3); Blower mill (4), mill separator (5), pulverized coal distributor (6) or weary gas separating device (16), cigarette wind blender (7); Burner (8), secondary air box (9), air preheater (10), pressure fan (11); Recirculation blower (12), air-introduced machine (13), deduster (14); Oxygen generating plant (15) is characterized in that, this combustion system can make boiler between air burning and two kinds of patterns of oxygen-enriched combusting, freely switch; Starting pressure fan (11) utilizes high-temperature flue gas, low-temperature flue gas and Air mixing gas to come dry pulverized coal conveying, makes combustion system be in the air burning state; During oxygen-enriched combusting, out-of-blast machine (11) utilizes high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas at the mixed mist of cigarette wind blender (7); Come dry pulverized coal conveying; Oxygen from oxygen generating plant (15) divides two-way, and one the tunnel mixes with the low-temperature flue gas of recirculation as secondary wind and gets into burner hearth, and one the tunnel with the pure oxygen form; Get into burner hearth through burner, replenish the required oxygen of coal dust firing.
2. pulverized coal combustion system according to claim 1, said high-temperature flue gas is that the negative pressure of utilizing the fan mill to form is extracted out from upper furnace.
3. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: a wind/coal dust assembly of the burner that is adopted (8) is made up of two or more passages, and one of them passage is the main channel, walks coal dust and carries medium; All the other are accessory channel, when air burning, walk hot-air, when oxygen-enriched combusting, walk oxygen.
4. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that, when oxygen-enriched combusting, adopt the mixed flue gas of high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas to come dry and pulverized coal conveying; High-temperature flue-gas is between 700 ℃～1100 ℃, and the low-temperature flue gas temperature is between 100 ℃～200 ℃.
5. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when oxygen-enriched combusting, oxygen divides two-way to get into burner hearth, one road oxygen through burner (8) when being about to get into burner hearth with breeze airflow mixing, the timely required oxygen of aftercombustion; Another road oxygen then mixes as secondary wind entering burner hearth in secondary air box with flue gas recycled, and the gross mass of two-way oxygen accounts for and gets into 25%～35% of boiler total blast volume.
6. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: when oxygen-enriched combusting; Flue gas recycled is divided into Cheng Sanlu; One road high-temperature flue gas and one road low-temperature flue gas mix the dry pumped (conveying) medium of back as coal dust at cigarette wind blender (7), one road low-temperature flue gas through behind the air preheater with oxygen O
2Mixing gets into burner hearth as secondary wind.
7. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: when coming dry pulverized coal conveying with the mist of high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas; Weary gas separating device (16) is installed in the outlet of blower mill (4); Make the breeze airflow of burner (8) obtain concentrating and the moisture minimizing, thereby burning is strengthened.
8. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that: burner housing (17) center arrangement in the burner (8) has cross airduct (18); In the cross airduct (18) is accessory channel, is the main channel between burner housing (17) and the cross airduct (18).
9. pulverized coal combustion system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the disposed outside at burner housing (17) in the burner (8) has airduct (19), and said airduct (19) encases burner housing (17); In the burner housing (17) is the main channel, is accessory channel between burner housing (17) and the airduct (19).
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| CN103234198A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-07 | 上海交通大学 | Superfine coal dust oxygen-enriched combustion technology and system |
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