CN102487152A - Method for charging storage battery set by using solar battery set, and solar battery set - Google Patents
Method for charging storage battery set by using solar battery set, and solar battery set Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487152A CN102487152A CN2009102613057A CN200910261305A CN102487152A CN 102487152 A CN102487152 A CN 102487152A CN 2009102613057 A CN2009102613057 A CN 2009102613057A CN 200910261305 A CN200910261305 A CN 200910261305A CN 102487152 A CN102487152 A CN 102487152A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for charging a storage battery set by using a solar battery set. The method comprises steps that: the solar battery set is formed by S sheets of solar batteries; the storage battery set is formed by N storage battery units; the number S of the solar batteries is adjusted, such that a working voltage U of the solar battery set satisfies a condition that U is no smaller than T*N+M+X+Y; the storage battery set is charged by using the adjusted solar battery set with a charge rate no lower than 20h. According to the method, U=C*S, wherein C is an average output voltage of the S sheets of solar batteries; T is a preset average charging voltage of the storage battery units; M is a forward voltage of a back-charging-resisting diode in the storage battery set; X is a solar battery set voltage loss caused by environmental temperatures; X=0.002*deltaP*S, wherein deltaP is increased temperature in the environment; and Y is the cable resistance voltage of an electric cable of the solar battery set. The invention also provides a solar battery set manufactured with the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic field, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing solar module for battery charging.
Background technology
In recent years; Along with the exhausted day by day of traditional fossil fuel and because the earth environment problem that the lot of consumption of fossil fuel causes is increasingly serious; Develop the significant development planning that alternative green energy resource has become various countries; Utilize the solar photovoltaic technology of opto-electronic conversion effect to obtain development fast now and extensive use, the especially application of solar photovoltaic generating system have crucial meaning.In the application of present photovoltaic generating system; Have much is from net independent utility system; Such as solar street light, household system etc., this solar photovoltaic generating system generally need be equipped with storage battery, electricity generation system electricity on daytime is collected storage supply evening or overcast and rainy use.Solar cell obtains great development as part important in the solar photovoltaic generating system at present; The output performance of solar cell is constantly improved; But utilize solar cell for the assembly method for production of charge in batteries does not have too many improvement, caused waste of electric energy like this.
During charge in batteries, external direct current power supply.When the voltage of external direct current power supply was higher than the voltage of storage battery, electric current flowed into storage battery from positive plate, through behind the electrolyte, flowed out from negative plate.Rate is big more during the charging of storage battery, and long more even storage battery reaches the charging interval of rated capacity, the rush of current that storage battery receives is more little, and is more favourable to the protective ratio of storage battery.Fig. 1 is the performance plot of 10 hours charge rates of lead acid accumulator of 2V for nominal voltage.Can find out that at the charging initial stage, battery tension rises very fast (2-2.2v), charge mid-term that battery tension rises gradually slow (2.2-2.3v), in the charging later stage, battery tension continues to rise to 2.3-2.6v.If continue charging, battery tension rises and slows down, and no longer rises to d point (2.7v).Overcharge of a battery and overdischarge all can influence the useful life of storage battery.Overcharging to make storage battery give vent to anger in a large number, causes coming off of moisture loss and active material.The final electric current that charges is excessive, plate active material is hit and comes off, and therefore final to adopt the less current value be useful in charging.
According to the charge characteristic figure of storage battery, storage battery has arrived charging latter stage, and charging voltage is higher, and then more help prolong the useful life of storage battery if reduce charging current this moment.
Solar module just in time has this function near maximum power point, when voltage hanged down, electric current was bigger, and when voltage was high, electric current reduced gradually, has so just protected storage battery effectively.
If solar module is operated in the maximum power point top, not only waste assembly and sent electric energy, also lost above regulatory function.
Generally speaking, overcast and rainy for preventing continuously in the net solar photovoltaic generation system, cause electricity shortage, battery capacity all disposes bigger, and the solar cell configuration is less relatively.That is to say that solar cell is the charge rate of storage battery, charge rate did not all reach in 10 hours, and great majority are 20 hours more than the charge rate.In this case; The charging voltage of storage battery will be lower, and the time that reaches the final voltage of charging of storage battery also will be longer, even in the limited hours of daylight; Almost can't reach the final voltage of charging; Suppose to calculate according to 10 hours shown in Figure 1 charge rates, solar cell is that charge in batteries then concentrates on ab in the time period mostly, that is to say that the charging voltage of storage battery maintains between the 2.2-2.3V.The parameter of the solar module that constitutes with the solar cell of 72 exemplary in the batteries of 24V and the prior art as shown in table 1 125mm*125mm is an example; The solar module that prior art adopts 72 solar cells as shown in table 1 to constitute is the battery charging (it is the battery charging of 12V that the 36 slice solar cells identical with parameter shown in the table 1 constitute solar module) of 24V (being made up of 12 storage batterys); The maximum power point output voltage of solar module then as shown in table 1 is 36.62157V; And the charging voltage of storage battery maintains between the 2.2-2.3V; Average charging tension is 2.25V; That is to say that the charging voltage of batteries should maintain between the 26.4-27.6V, average charging tension is 27V; Fill the forward voltage of diode and be assumed to be 0.5V even count counnter attack in, add used 2 meters long 4mm
2The line of cable resistance (the voltage 0.581V of 5.09 Ω/Km); And because harsh weather climate temperature 40 loss of voltage 5.76V when spending that rise for example; The also required voltage of maximum power point output voltage of the solar module that 72 present solar cells constitute far above batteries; This part electric energy that exceeds then slatterns in vain, and has increased the cost for the solar module of battery charging, and it is also unfavorable in addition the protection storage battery to be prolonged its useful life.
Table 1
Wherein, Uoc is an open circuit voltage, and Isc is a short circuit current, and Pmpp is the maximum power point output power, and Umpp is the maximum power point output voltage, and Impp is the maximum power point output current, and FF is a fill factor, curve factor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quantity of adjusting the solar cell that constitutes solar module, and then satisfy the required charging voltage of batteries and can not cause the method for waste of energy.
For this reason, the present invention provides a kind of method of utilizing solar module for battery charging, comprising:
Adopt S sheet solar cell to constitute said solar module;
Adopt N secondary battery unit to constitute said batteries;
Adjust the quantity S of said solar cell so that the operating voltage U of said solar module meets following condition: U >=T*N+M+X+Y;
Use solar module that said batteries is charged, and charge rate is not less than 20 hours through above-mentioned adjustment;
Wherein,
T is the predetermined average charging tension of said secondary battery unit;
On behalf of the counnter attack in the said batteries, M fill the forward voltage of diode;
X represents the voltage of said solar module loss influenced by ambient temperature, and
X=0.002* Δ P*S, wherein Δ P represents the temperature that environment rises;
The voltage that on behalf of the line of the cable of said solar module, Y hinder.
As preferably, 2.3V >=T >=2.2V is more preferably 2.25V.
As preferably, the said anti-diode that fills is a Schottky tube, M=0.5V.
As preferably, 68 >=S >=64, preferred, S=66, N=12,50 >=Δ P >=30, preferred, Δ P=40.
As preferably, 35 >=S >=32, preferred, S=34, N=6,50 >=Δ P >=30, preferred, Δ P=40.
The present invention also provides a kind of solar module, is used to comprise that N secondary battery unit constitutes said battery charging, and said solar module comprises S sheet solar cell, and its operating voltage U meets following condition: U >=T*N+M+X+Y; Wherein
T is the predetermined average charging tension of said secondary battery unit;
On behalf of the counnter attack in the said batteries, M fill the forward voltage of diode;
X represents the voltage of said solar module loss influenced by ambient temperature, and X=0.002* Δ P*S, and wherein Δ P represents the temperature that environment rises;
The voltage that on behalf of the line of the cable of said solar module, Y hinder.
As preferably, 2.3V >=T >=2.2V is more preferably 2.25V.
As preferably, said recoil diode is a Schottky tube, M=0.5V.
As preferably, 68 >=S >=64, preferred, S=66, N=12,50 >=Δ P >=30, preferred, Δ P=40.
As preferably, 35 >=S >=32, preferred, S=34, N=6,50 >=Δ P >=30, preferred, Δ P=40.
Through method of the present invention and solar module; Can constitute the quantity of the solar cell of solar module through adjustment; And then satisfy the required charging voltage of batteries, and can not cause waste of energy, reduced cost for the solar module of battery charging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the performance plot of 10 hours charge rates of storage battery;
Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing that the embodiment of the invention is carried out clear, intactly description below, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills are obtained under the prerequisite of not making creative work belongs to the scope that the present invention protects.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the charge rate that the solar module of use charges to said batteries is not less than 20 hours, and solar module adopts S sheet solar cell to constitute; Accumulator cell assembly adopts N secondary battery unit to constitute; The quantity S of adjustment solar cell is so that the operating voltage U of solar module is eligible: U >=T*N+M+X+Y; Wherein, T is the predetermined average charging tension of said secondary battery unit; On behalf of the counnter attack in the said batteries, M fill the forward voltage of diode; X represents the voltage of said solar module loss influenced by ambient temperature, and X=0.002* Δ P*S, and wherein Δ P represents the temperature that environment rises; The voltage that on behalf of the line of the cable of said solar module, Y hinder.
Be exemplified below; According to shown in the table 1; The output voltage of the solar module that 72 exemplary 125mm*125mm solar cells constitute is 36.62157V; The output voltage C=0.50863V of then average each solar cell is that the solar cell of 0.50863V and the 24V batteries that is made up of 12 storage batterys are example with exemplary output voltage;
Because charge rate was greater than 20 hours; So the performance plot according to 10 hours charge rates of Fig. 1 storage battery can draw; Charge in batteries mainly concentrates between the a-b, just the charging voltage of each storage battery between 2.2-2.3V, the average charging tension T=2.25V of storage battery; And N=12, then batteries average charging tension T*N=27V;
If it is Schottky tube that diode is filled in used counnter attack, its forward voltage M=0.5V;
The range of temperature of 50 >=Δ P >=30 can satisfy the needs of general environment variations in temperature, and therefore establishing harsh weather temperature 40 degree that rise is the loss of voltage of Δ P=40, X=0.002*40*S;
If add 2 meters long 4mm
2The resistance of the line of cable (voltage of 5.09 Ω/Km), approximately Y=0.01 Ω * 5A=0.051V;
Then required U >=27+0.5+0.002*40*S+0.051, and U=C*S=0.50863*S, therefore; 0.50863*S >=27+0.5+0.002*40*S+0.051 can draw S >=64.27, that is to say; According to the solar cell of parameter shown in the table 1, only need 65 solar cells to constitute and get final product.But consider the problem attractive in appearance and convenient that battery is arranged in the formation scheme of solar module, so preferably adopt 66, at this moment the output voltage of solar module is 66*0.50863=33.56958V, and this moment, required voltage was:
U＝27+0.5+0.002*40*66+0.051＝32.831V，
Therefore; The output voltage of the solar module of 66 solar cell formations is higher than the about 0.73885V of the required charging voltage of batteries, has satisfied the needs of battery charging fully, and has considered the voltage of various factors loss; The solar cell of parameter is the material solar module shown in the same employing table 1; The solar module that 66 solar cells constitute is not only practiced thrift cost than the solar module that 72 solar cells of prior art constitute, and does not waste electric energy, in addition; For effective protection storage battery, prolong its useful life and also have significant effect; And because the length of the solar module that the solar module that the series connection of 66 solar cells forms constitutes than 72 solar cells is short; That is to say; Assembly becomes short and thick relatively from elongated; Its intensity is strengthened to some extent, and this makes the anti-vibration ability of solar module strengthen to some extent, for preventing that solar cell piece has cracked good effect in the solar module.
And according to above-mentioned can calculate when charging voltage be T=2.2V, during Δ P=40, S >=62.8 only need 63 solar cells to constitute and get final product.But consider the problem attractive in appearance and convenient that battery is arranged in the formation scheme of solar module, so preferably adopt 64, at this moment the output voltage of solar module is 64*0.50863=32.55232V, and this moment, required voltage was:
U＝26.4+0.5+0.002*40*64+0.051＝31.571V，
Therefore, the output voltage of the solar module of 64 solar cell formations is higher than the about 0.98132V of the required charging voltage of batteries, has satisfied the needs of battery charging fully.Equally, work as T=2.2V, during Δ P=30, S >=60.1 only need 61 solar cells to constitute and get final product, but preferably select 62 for use; Work as T=2.2V, during Δ P=50, S >=65.9 only need 66 solar cells to constitute and get final product preferred 68; Work as T=2.3V, during Δ P=40, S >=65.7 only need 66 solar cells to constitute and get final product preferred 68; Work as T=2.3V, during Δ P=30, S >=62.7 only need 63 solar cells to constitute and get final product, but preferably select 64 for use; Work as T=2.3V, during Δ P=50, S >=68.9 only need 69 solar cells to constitute and get final product, but preferably select 70 for use, even also promptly in the more harsh place of weather conditions, the temperature difference also only needs 69 batteries to meet the demands in the time of 50 degrees centigrade.Take all factors into consideration the average voltage and the cost factor of employed environment and rechargeable battery, preferably select 68 >=S >=64, especially, select S=66.
Be that the solar cell of 0.50863V and the 12V accumulator cell assembly that is made up of 6 storage batterys are example with the exemplary output voltage shown in the table 1 below:
Because charge rate was greater than 20 hours; So the performance plot according to 10 hours charge rates of Fig. 1 storage battery can draw; Charge in batteries mainly concentrates between the a-b, just the charging voltage of each storage battery between 2.2-2.3V, the average charging tension T=2.25V of storage battery; And N=6, then batteries average charging tension T*N=13.5V;
If it is Schottky tube that diode is filled in used counnter attack, the forward voltage M=0.5V of Schottky tube then;
The loss of voltage of 40 degree if the harsh weather temperature rises, X=0.002*40*S;
If add 2 meters long 4mm
2The resistance of the line of cable (voltage of 5.09 Ω/Km), approximately Y=0.01 Ω * 5A=0.051V;
Then required U >=13.5+0.5+0.002*40*S+0.051, and U=C*S=0.50863*S, therefore; 0.50863*S >=13+0.5+0.002*40*S+0.051; Can draw S >=32.78, that is to say, according to the solar cell of parameter shown in the table 1; Only need 33 solar cells to constitute the problem attractive in appearance and convenient that battery is arranged in the formation scheme that can still consider solar module; So preferably adopt 34, at this moment the output voltage of solar module is 66*0.50863=17.29342V, and this moment, required voltage was:
U＝13.5+0.5+0.002*40*34+0.051＝16.771V，
Therefore; The output voltage of the solar module of 34 solar cell formations is higher than the about 0.52242V of the required voltage of batteries; Satisfied the needs of battery charging fully, and considered the voltage of various factors loss, the solar cell of parameter shown in the employing table 1 is the material solar module equally; The solar module that 34 solar cells constitute is not only practiced thrift cost than the solar module that 36 solar cells of prior art constitute; Do not waste electric energy, and lack possibly than the length of the solar module of 36 solar cells formations, that is to say because of the solar module that 34 solar cell series connection form; Assembly becomes short and thick relatively from elongated; Its intensity is strengthened to some extent, and this makes the anti-vibration ability of solar module strengthen to some extent, for preventing that solar cell piece has cracked good effect in the solar module.
And according to above-mentioned can calculate when charging voltage be T=2.2V, during Δ P=40, S >=32.1 only need 33 solar cells to constitute and get final product.But consider the problem attractive in appearance and convenient that battery is arranged in the formation scheme of solar module, so preferably adopt 34, at this moment the output voltage of solar module is 34*0.50863=17.29342V, and this moment, required voltage was:
U＝13.2+0.5+0.002*40*34+0.051＝16.471V，
Therefore, the output voltage of the solar module of 34 solar cell formations is higher than the about 0.82242V of the required charging voltage of accumulator cell assembly, has satisfied the needs of accumulator cell assembly charging fully.Equally, work as T=2.2V, during Δ P=30, S >=30.6 only need 31 solar cells to constitute and get final product, but preferably select 32 for use; Work as T=2.2V, during Δ P=50, S >=33.7 only need 34 solar cells to constitute and get final product preferred 36; Work as T=2.3V, during Δ P=40, S >=33.5 only need 34 solar cells to constitute and get final product preferred 36; Work as T=2.3V, during Δ P=30, S >=32 only need 32 solar cells to constitute and get final product, but preferably select 34 for use; Work as T=2.3V, during Δ P=50, S >=35.1 only need 36 solar cells to constitute and get final product,, even also promptly in the more harsh place of weather conditions, the temperature difference also only needs 36 batteries to meet the demands in the time of 50 degrees centigrade.Take all factors into consideration the average voltage and the cost factor of employed environment and rechargeable battery, preferably select 35 >=S >=32, especially, select S=34.
Above-described example is to be that the battery sheet of the 125mm*125mm of 0.50863V is that example is explained with the output voltage, and employed secondary battery unit is that nominal voltage is the lead acid accumulator of 2V.In practical application, different according to the conversion efficiency of battery sheet, can for example, be 64 ~ 68 or 32 ~ 35 according to the solar cell of the above-mentioned different sheet numbers of method selection use.In addition, different according to the temperature difference of various places winter and summer, the value of Δ P is 30 ~ 50, and the value of preferred Δ P is 40, can satisfy the service condition in most of areas.
The present invention also provides a kind of solar module, is used to comprise that N secondary battery unit constitutes said accumulator cell assembly charging, and said solar module comprises S sheet solar cell, and its operating voltage U meets following condition: U >=T*N+M+X+Y; Wherein
T is the predetermined average charging tension of said secondary battery unit;
On behalf of the counnter attack in the said batteries, M fill the forward voltage of diode;
X represents the voltage of said solar module loss influenced by ambient temperature, and X=0.002* Δ P*S, and wherein Δ P represents the temperature that environment rises;
The voltage that on behalf of the line of the cable of said solar module, Y hinder.
As preferably, said storage battery is that nominal voltage is the lead acid accumulator of 2V, and wherein 2.3V >=T >=2.2V is more preferably 2.25V.
As preferably, said recoil diode is a Schottky tube, M=0.5V.
As preferably, 68 >=S >=64, preferred, S=66, N=12,50 >=Δ P >=300, preferred, Δ P=40.
As preferably, 35 >=S >=32, preferred, S=34, N=6,50 >=Δ P >=30, preferred, Δ P=40.
Above embodiment, parameter that comprises solar module etc. is exemplary example, and is not used in qualification the present invention; According to the method for the invention; Can be derived as the required most economical output voltage of solar module of various parameters of the charge in batteries of various required voltages, and then regulate the quantity of solar cell in the solar module, reduce the cost of solar module; And effectively protect storage battery, prolong its useful life.
Claims (14)
1. a method of utilizing solar module for battery charging is characterized in that, comprising:
Adopt S sheet solar cell to constitute said solar module;
Adopt N secondary battery unit to constitute said batteries;
Adjust the quantity S of said solar cell so that the operating voltage U of said solar module meets following condition: U >=T*N+M+X+Y;
Use solar module that said batteries is charged, and charge rate is not less than 20 hours through above-mentioned adjustment;
Wherein, U=C*S, C are the average output voltage of said S sheet solar cell;
T is the predetermined average charging tension of said secondary battery unit;
On behalf of the counnter attack in the said accumulator cell assembly, M fill the forward voltage of diode;
X represents the voltage of said solar module loss influenced by ambient temperature, and X=0.002* Δ P*S, and wherein Δ P represents the temperature that environment rises;
The voltage that on behalf of the line of the cable of said solar module, Y hinder.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said secondary battery unit is that nominal voltage is the lead acid accumulator of 2V, 2.3V >=T >=2.2V.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that T=2.25V.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, 68 >=S >=64, N=12.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that S=66.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, 35 >=S >=32, N=6.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that S=34.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, 50 >=Δ P >=30.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, Δ P=40.
10. solar module is used to and comprises that N secondary battery unit constitutes said battery charging, it is characterized in that said solar module comprises S sheet solar cell, and its operating voltage U meets following condition: U >=T*N+M+X+Y; Wherein
T is that the said secondary battery unit of predetermined average charging tension of said secondary battery unit is that nominal voltage is the lead acid accumulator of 2V;
On behalf of the counnter attack in the said accumulator cell assembly, M fill the forward voltage of diode;
X represents the voltage of said solar module loss influenced by ambient temperature, and X=0.002* Δ P*S, and wherein Δ P represents the temperature that environment rises;
The voltage that on behalf of the line of the cable of said solar module, Y hinder.
11. solar module as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, said secondary battery unit is that nominal voltage is the lead acid accumulator of 2V, 68 >=S >=64, N=12.
12. solar module as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, S=66.
13. solar module as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, said secondary battery unit is that nominal voltage is the lead acid accumulator of 2V, 35 >=S >=32, N=6.
14. solar module as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, S=34.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101207292A (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-25 | 北京恒基伟业投资发展有限公司 | Method and apparatus of charge using photovoltaic battery |
| CN100403620C (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-07-16 | 北京恒基伟业投资发展有限公司 | A method and device for using photovoltaic battery self-adapted serial and parallel charging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100403620C (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-07-16 | 北京恒基伟业投资发展有限公司 | A method and device for using photovoltaic battery self-adapted serial and parallel charging |
| CN101207292A (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-25 | 北京恒基伟业投资发展有限公司 | Method and apparatus of charge using photovoltaic battery |
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Application publication date: 20120606 |