CN102485415A - Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same - Google Patents
Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102485415A CN102485415A CN2010105688433A CN201010568843A CN102485415A CN 102485415 A CN102485415 A CN 102485415A CN 2010105688433 A CN2010105688433 A CN 2010105688433A CN 201010568843 A CN201010568843 A CN 201010568843A CN 102485415 A CN102485415 A CN 102485415A
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- sleeper beam
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Abstract
The invention provides a tank car traction and bolster assembly process and a traction and bolster assembled through using the same; the traction and bolster comprises a traction beam, bolster beam lower side cover plates which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the traction beam and a bolster beam lower middle cover plate which is arranged below the traction beam and is connected with the bolster beam lower side cover plates; the bolster beam lower side cover plates are in a flat-type structure; the tank car traction and bolster assembly process and the traction and bolster manufactured through using the same ensure the important flatness of the lower wing surface of Z-shaped steel, are adapt to the structural strength requirement of a railway tank car, and can eliminate the traction and bolster assembly errors and gaps; in addition, the flat-type bolster beam lower middle cover plate structure is adopted, a bent area in the original structure is cancelled, and eliminate the adverse impact of residual stress after an outer surface is stretched on the fatigue intensity of the structure; and simultaneously, the problem that local gaps are produced due to the asymmetry of the bolster beam lower middle cover plates and the lower wing surface of the Z-shaped steel in an original structure is solved, the forced assembly problem in follow-up bolster beam assembly processes is solved, so that the reliability of the traction and bolster structure of the railway tank car is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pillow pulling that does not have the packaging technology of underframe rail road tank car traction and bolster and utilize this process to assemble.
Background technology
No underframe tank car technology is the principal mode tank car technology that China uses at present, and the existing no central sill rail road tank car traction and bolster structure production technology of China is mainly following:
This technology mainly is to be divided into draw beam assembling and two big parts of sleeper beam assembling earlier by the pillow pulling structure, and tissue is produced respectively, draw beam assembling and sleeper beam assembling is assembled again, and accomplishes the pillow pulling assembling.
Draw beam assembling mainly comprise following production process:
1.1) Yi shape steel apolegamy---1.2) the Yi shape steel straightening---1.3) the Yi shape steel oxygen-acetylene cutting---1.4) the Yi shape steel assembly welding---1.5) bore and cut the plug welding hole---1.6) group is to follower seat---1.7) integral type rear draft lug and center filler welding---1.8) the assembling lower cover (in), body center plate---1.9) draw beam boring---1.10) the draw beam rivet---1.11) draw beam welding---1.12) draw beam adjusting---1.13) cutting of draw beam empennage.
The sleeper beam group is to mainly comprising following production process:
2.1) arrange side cover plate under the sleeper beam---2.2) body bolster diaphragm---2.3) tack welding---2.4) group offside tube support---2.5) tack welding---2.6) group is to gusset---and 2.7) tack welding---2.8) group is to connecting gusset---and 2.9) tack welding---2.10) welding---2.11) detect.
The pillow pulling assembling mainly comprises following production process:
3.1) traction beam positioning - 3.2) traction beam ends cut - 3.3) group on the end beam webs - 3.4) group corbel - 3.5) group contralateral beam - 3.6) under the beam covers the peer group plates and end beam ribs - 3.7) group ticket plug - 3.8) led pillow front welding - 3.9) led pillow negative welding - 3.10) group rivals brake pulley bracket - 3.11) to walk the plank plate welding and pedal - 3.12) groups on the pedal - 3.13) riveted impact seat, armrest - 3.14) grind cut end beam hole - 3.15) on the detection of tire traction beam is positioned - 3.16) detects body center plate and positioning surface the gap between - 3.17) measurements bolster, pillow led at the end beam level difference.
The subject matter that existing manufacturing technique and structure exist has:
The firstth, in the Yi shape steel assembly welding operation of draw beam assembling; At present group to the time what adopt is " the anti-method of adorning "; Promptly use the Yi shape steel top airfoil as positioning reference; The shortcoming of this locate mode is that two groups of high missionary societies that Yi shape steel is existed are accumulated on the lower aerofoil, cause the flatness error of lower aerofoil bigger.
The secondth, at the integral type rear draft lug and the center filler welding sequence of draw beam assembling; At present in the technology when welding integral type rear draft lug and center filler; Its with sleeper beam under the Contact Pair surface formed of cover plate be lower than the lower aerofoil of the Yi shape steel of draw beam sometimes; Simultaneously under the sleeper beam cover plate structural group to the back with respect to Yi shape steel lower aerofoil both sides and asymmetric (the nearly 20mm that the symmetry tolerance is big); Caused cover plate zone contact condition complicacy under integral type rear draft lug and center filler, Yi shape steel lower aerofoil, the sleeper beam, the zone that in design, should contact can produce local gap, and research of structure stress FEM calculation and experimental study show; The existence of this zone local gap is remarkable to the stress influence of cover plate structure under the sleeper beam, and is unfavorable to the carrying of pillow pulling structure.
The 3rd is the draw beam rivet operation in draw beam assembling, the riveted joint back under the sleeper beam of both sides cover plate and Yi shape steel lower aerofoil contact area under cover plate and Yi shape steel lower aerofoil contact area, the rear and front end sleeper beam, rest the head under in all have relatively large gap with the rear draft lug contact area.
The 4th is that group in the pillow pulling assembling assembly welding step of pillow pulling assembling is to the sleeper beam operation; Because all factors such as resilience of sheet material after foozle and bending during Bending Processing; The accuracy of cover plate bending region radius is difficult to accurate assurance under the sleeper beam; Cause when assembly welding can having bigger gap between side cover plate under the cover plate and sleeper beam under the sleeper beam; When assembly welding,, have to use frock to make that cover plate is bent upwards under the sleeper beam again, further aggravated near the stressed bending region of cover plate under the sleeper beam for reducing the gap.
The 5th is that this fusion length is longer at the pillow pulling reverse side welding sequence of the pillow pulling assembled group welder preface of pillow pulling assembling, and makes cover plate formation closed weld under the sleeper beam after the welding, and welding residual stress is bigger.
The 6th is that cover plate has adopted a kind of structure that has the bending region under the present pillow pulling sleeper beam, and the bending structure realizes that through on the numerical control bending lathe, using Bending Processing technology Bending Processing technology is a kind of plastic forming technology; Can cause having residual stress in the bending region; Owing to be upwards bending, for cover plate under the sleeper beam, can bear the residual tension effect at lower surface; The residual stress test result of carrying out shows; The numerical value of residual tension is bigger, and for cover plate under the sleeper beam that bears alternate stress, the bending region exists bigger residual stress to be equivalent to increase the mean stress numerical value that it bore; Reduced structure bearing capacity, unfavorable to the fatigue strength of structure.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that exist in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of pillow pulling that does not have underframe tank car pillow pulling packaging technology and utilize this technology to assemble.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is: a kind of packaging technology of tank car pillow pulling mainly may further comprise the steps:
1) draw beam assembling;
1.1) the Yi shape steel apolegamy;
1.2) the Yi shape steel straightening;
1.3) the Yi shape steel oxygen-acetylene cutting;
1.4) the Yi shape steel assembly welding;
1.5) bore and cut the plug welding hole;
1.6) organize follower seat;
1.7) integral type rear draft lug and center filler welding;
1.8) assembling lower cover (in), body center plate;
1.9) draw beam boring;
1.10) the draw beam rivet;
1.11) the draw beam welding;
1.12) the draw beam adjusting;
1.13) cutting of draw beam empennage;
2) the sleeper beam group is to assembling;
2.1) arrange side cover plate under the sleeper beam;
2.2) body bolster diaphragm;
2.3) tack welding;
2.4) group offside tube support;
2.5) tack welding;
2.6) organize gusset;
2.7) tack welding;
2.8) organize connecting gusset;
2.9) tack welding;
2.10) welding;
2.11) detect;
3) draw beam and sleeper beam group are to assembling;
3.1) the draw beam location;
3.2) the draw beam end cut;
3.3) group opposite end web;
3.4) organize sleeper beam;
3.5) organize curb girder;
3.6) organize end carriage lower cover and end carriage gusset;
3.7) organize ticket is inserted;
3.8) the positive welding of pillow pulling;
3.9) welding of pillow pulling reverse side;
3.10) group adversary brake sheave support;
3.11) assembly welding limp backing plate and pedal;
3.12) organize pedal;
3.13) riveted joint striker, handrail;
3.14) grind cut node beam hole;
3.15) draw beam is placed on to detect on the tire and locatees;
3.16) detect the gap between body center plate and the locating surface;
3.17) measure sleeper beam, end carriage place pillow pulling level error;
Its special character is: upright method of hull section construction is that the lower aerofoil with Yi shape steel is that positioning reference plane is organized, welding assembling said step 1.1).
Above-mentioned steps 1.6) group exceeds the mating surface of rear draft lug and cartridge during to follower seat the lower aerofoil 0.1～1mm of Yi shape steel.
When the above step 1.10) draw beam being carried out riveting body center plate in the assembling procedure, the dwell time is 5～10min, treats to shed rivet driver again after the rivet cooling.
Above-mentioned steps 3.9) pillow pulling when assembling cover plate after welding is accomplished with sleeper beam downside cover plate, under sleeper beam to carrying out the partial flame processing after the welding of the weld seam between the side cover plate under cover plate under the sleeper beam and the sleeper beam.
Above-mentioned partial flame processing is that the weld seam behind the welding aftershaping is carried out local heat, and heating-up temperature is 550～650 degree, insulation 1～5min, at room temperature evenly slow cooling after the insulation.
A kind of pillow pulling that utilizes above-mentioned tank car pillow pulling assembling technique to be assembled, its special character is: said pillow pulling comprises draw beam, be symmetrically distributed in side cover plate under the sleeper beam of draw beam both sides and be arranged at the draw beam below and with sleeper beam under cover plate under the sleeper beam that is connected of side cover plate; Cover plate is a plate armature under the said sleeper beam.
Also be provided with rear draft lug and cartridge on the above-mentioned draw beam; Said cartridge is arranged on the rear draft lug and is positioned at the top of cover plate under the sleeper beam; The mating surface of said rear draft lug and cartridge exceeds the Yi shape steel lower aerofoil 0.1mm～1mm of draw beam, guarantees the transmission of rail road tank car traction and bolster structure to vertical force.
The thickness of cover plate is 10～20mm under the above-mentioned sleeper beam.
Under the above-mentioned sleeper beam under side cover plate and the sleeper beam structure of cover plate suitable.
Tank car pillow pulling packaging technology of the present invention and the pillow pulling that utilizes this technology to assemble have the following advantages:
1, packaging technology of the present invention the Yi shape steel group to the time adopt upright method of hull section construction, guarantee the flatness of important Yi shape steel lower aerofoil, adapt to the requirement of tank car structural strength, the group that can eliminate pillow pulling is to the sum of errors gap; And control integral type rear draft lug and body center plate contact matching face exceed Yi shape steel lower aerofoil 0.1mm～1mm, guarantee the transmission of rail road tank car traction and bolster structure to vertical force, drifting along and bad working environments such as sidewinder under the adaptation track irregularity incentive action.
2, packaging technology of the present invention has increased the requirement of rivet dwell time in riveted joint body center plate operation, can reduce to rivet under the sleeper beam of both sides, back under cover plate and Yi shape steel lower aerofoil contact area under the cover plate and Yi shape steel lower aerofoil contact area, rear and front end sleeper beam, the sleeper beam on the important load transfer routes such as cover plate and rear draft lug contact area than local gap greatly.
3, packaging technology of the present invention increases the requirement of partial flame treatment process after the welding of cover plate and sleeper beam downside bridge weld seam is accomplished under sleeper beam, reduces under the sleeper beam the grow up welding residual stress of closed weld of side cover plate under the cover plate and sleeper beam.
4, tank car pillow pulling of the present invention adopts cover plate structure under the flat sleeper beam, and the adverse effect of outer surface stretching residual stress to structural fatigue intensity eliminated in bending region in the cancellation original structure.It is asymmetric and produce the problem of local gap to have eliminated in the original structure cover plate and Yi shape steel lower aerofoil under the sleeper beam simultaneously, has eliminated follow-up group to the powerful assembly problem in the sleeper beam operation, thereby has ensured the rail road tank car traction and bolster reliability of structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a pillow pulling structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view.
The specific embodiment
The packaging technology of a kind of tank car pillow pulling of the present invention mainly is on the existing basis of pillow pulling group to technology, concrete steps to be improved, and its preferable specific embodiment is:
This technology mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 1): draw beam assembling; Specifically comprise:
1.4) adopt upright method of hull section construction that Yi shape steel is organized, welding; Specifically be exactly at first the Yi shape steel of draw beam to be matched; Carrying out the straightening calibration straightening time if desired; Be that positioning reference plane is organized, welding assembling with the lower aerofoil of Yi shape steel afterwards; Guarantee the flatness of Yi shape steel lower aerofoil, can adapt to the requirement of tank car structural strength well.Promptly earlier a Yi shape steel is placed on group on the tire; Lower aerofoil contacts with the side location-plate of group to tire; Again another Yi shape steel is placed on group on the tire, its lower aerofoil contact the opposite side location-plate of tire with group, the startup anchor clamps make two Yi shape steels near; The inboard that guarantees two Yi shape steels is restarted anchor clamps and is compressed the Yi shape steel lower aerofoil apart from for 350mm.Next two groups of outer longitudinal seams to the Yi shape steel top airfoil are welded; Carry out tack welding earlier; Promptly earlier with the top airfoil of the solid two Yi shape steels butt joint of 4mm welding rod point, the solid length of point is 30～50mm, and spacing is 100～200mm; Next clear up the slag of tack weld, weld two groups of outer longitudinal seams again the Yi shape steel top airfoil.
1.6) rear draft lug and cartridge are carried out welding assembly, afterwards rear draft lug and the good Yi shape steel of welding are welded; Specifically: group is carried out integral type assembling welding to follower seat with rear draft lug and cartridge, guarantees during welding that the mating surface of rear draft lug and cartridge preferably can exceed the lower aerofoil of Yi shape steel, and best is the distance that exceeds the lower aerofoil 0.1mm～1mm of Yi shape steel.
1.10) draw beam rivet operation specifically: near first burr, iron rust and other foreign material in the 20mm cleaning rivet hole; Heat rivet to 850～1000 degree again; Again manufactured head is upwards put into a rivet hole in the outside; Use hydraulic riveter to make the good rivet moulding of heating back plasticity; Cover plate, body center plate under Yi shape steel lower aerofoil, the sleeper beam are riveted together, keep rivet driver pressure 5～10min after riveted joint is accomplished, shed rivet driver again.Next other 3 rivets outside the edge is riveted successively clockwise or counterclockwise and accomplished.The inboard rivet that connects cover plate, body center plate under integral type rear draft lug and center filler, the sleeper beam of riveted joint again, the riveted joint order is along clockwise or counterclockwise successively, back maintenance rivet driver pressure 5～10min is accomplished in riveted joint, rivet driver is shed again.
All the other each steps are identical with prior art.
Step 2): the sleeper beam group is to assembling; Identical with prior art.
The assembling of step 3) pillow pulling;
3.9) pillow pulling reverse side welding sequence; After the welding of cover plate and sleeper beam downside cover plate is accomplished under sleeper beam, handling carrying out partial flame after the welding of the weld seam between the side cover plate under cover plate under the sleeper beam and the sleeper beam, mainly is to carry out local heat after the butt welded seam welding; Heating-up temperature is 550～650 degree; Insulation 1～5min, evenly cooling slowly at room temperature after the insulation, heating place position is between the 10mm～30mm apart from the weld seam inboard.Can adopt the direct heated parts of the flame surface of oxy-acetylene gas nozzle.Perhaps also can adopt other the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT that eliminates stress.
All the other each steps are identical with prior art.
Participate in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the invention still further relates to a kind of pillow pulling structure of utilizing above-mentioned pillow pulling packaging technology to be assembled, its concrete embodiment is:
Pillow pulling of the present invention comprises end carriage 1, is arranged at end carriage 1 middle part and the draw beam 8 vertical with end carriage 1, is vertically installed in the curb girder 2 at end carriage 1 two ends; Wherein curb girder 2 is connected with end carriage 1; The other end of curb girder 2 is provided with the body bolster diaphragm 5 that laterally arranges with end carriage 1; The stage casing of body bolster diaphragm 5 also is provided with sleeper beam gripper shoe 6; Draw beam 8 is provided with panel seat and cartridge 13; Wherein panel seat is divided into the rear draft lug 9 and front draft lug 11 that connects in order, and front draft lug 11 is connected with end carriage 1, and rear draft lug 9 can be set to integral structure with cartridge 12; The connecting plate 3 that an end that is connected with curb girder 2 at body bolster diaphragm 5 is provided with side pipe pillar 4 and is used for fixing, connects; Draw beam 8 belows be provided with under the sleeper beam cover plate 10 and under sleeper beam cover plate 10 bilateral symmetry be provided with side cover plate 7 under the sleeper beam that is connected with body bolster diaphragm 5.Draw beam 8 adopts Yi shape steel, is positioning reference with its lower aerofoil, guarantees the flatness of lower aerofoil, and cover plate 10 is placed on the Yi shape steel lower aerofoil under the sleeper beam, and the rear draft lug 9 of integral structure and cartridge 12 are arranged at the top of cover plate 10 under the sleeper beam.Cover plate 10 is set to slab construction under the sleeper beam of the present invention, and under the corresponding adjustment sleeper beam under structure and the sleeper beam of side cover plate 7 structure of cover plate 10 suitable, guarantee that its junction weld seam satisfies technological requirement.
The mating surface of pillow pulling rear draft lug 9 of the present invention and cartridge 12 preferably can exceed some distances of Yi shape steel lower aerofoil of draw beam 8, and the Yi shape steel lower aerofoil 0.1mm～1mm that specifically exceeds draw beam 8 is good.
In order to eliminate under the sleeper beam under the cover plate 10 and sleeper beam between the side cover plate 7 lap weld to the 10 regional influence of welding residual stress of cover plate under the sleeper beam; Side cover plate 7 weld seams need be away from cartridge 12 fringe regions under cover plate 10 weld seams and the sleeper beam under the sleeper beam of the present invention; The employing lap weld connects, and the lower aerofoil of side cover plate 7 and draw beam 8 adopts butt weld to be connected under the sleeper beam.
The thickness of cover plate 10 can be set between 10～20mm under the sleeper beam of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the packaging technology of a tank car pillow pulling, said technology may further comprise the steps:
1) draw beam assembling;
1.4) the Yi shape steel assembly welding;
1.6) organize follower seat;
1.10) the draw beam rivet;
2) the sleeper beam group is to assembling;
3) draw beam and sleeper beam group are to assembling;
3.9) welding of pillow pulling reverse side;
It is characterized in that: said step 1.4) be that to adopt upright method of hull section construction that Yi shape steel is organized right, promptly with the Yi shape steel lower aerofoil be positioning reference with two Yi shape steel assembly weldings together.
2. the packaging technology of tank car pillow pulling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said step 1.6) group exceeds the mating surface of rear draft lug and cartridge during to follower seat the lower aerofoil 0.1～1mm of Yi shape steel.
3. the packaging technology of tank car pillow pulling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: when said step 1.10) draw beam being carried out riveting body center plate in the assembling procedure, the dwell time is 5～10min, treats to shed rivet driver again after the rivet cooling.
4. according to the packaging technology of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described tank car pillow pullings; It is characterized in that: after the welding of cover plate and sleeper beam downside cover plate is accomplished under sleeper beam when said step 3.9) the pillow pulling reverse side being welded, handle carrying out partial flame after the welding of the weld seam between the side cover plate under cover plate under the sleeper beam and the sleeper beam.
5. the packaging technology of tank car pillow pulling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: it is to carry out local heat after the butt welded seam welding that said partial flame is handled, and heating-up temperature is 550～650 degree, insulation 1～5min, evenly cooling slowly at room temperature after the insulation.
6. pillow pulling that the packaging technology that utilizes the described tank car pillow pulling of claim 1 is assembled is characterized in that: said pillow pulling comprises draw beam, be symmetrically distributed in side cover plate under the sleeper beam of draw beam both sides and be arranged at the draw beam below and with sleeper beam under cover plate under the sleeper beam that is connected of side cover plate; Cover plate is a plate armature under the said sleeper beam.
7. pillow pulling according to claim 6 is characterized in that: also be provided with rear draft lug and cartridge on the said draw beam; Said cartridge is arranged on the rear draft lug and is positioned at the top of cover plate under the sleeper beam; The mating surface of said rear draft lug and cartridge exceeds the Yi shape steel lower aerofoil 0.1mm～1mm of draw beam.
8. pillow pulling according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the thickness of cover plate is 10～20mm under the said sleeper beam.
9. pillow pulling according to claim 8 is characterized in that: under the said sleeper beam under side cover plate and the sleeper beam structure of cover plate suitable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105688433A CN102485415A (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105688433A CN102485415A (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same |
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| CN102485415A true CN102485415A (en) | 2012-06-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105688433A Pending CN102485415A (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2010-12-01 | Tank car traction and bolster assembly process and traction and bolster assembled through using same |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103203556A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 齐齐哈尔鑫拓金属铆焊有限责任公司 | Technology for assembling and welding upper center pans and lower cover plates of center frame of railway van truck |
| CN103538591A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-29 | 西安轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Tank car body structure |
| CN109352203A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-19 | 通号轨道车辆有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of open type structure sleeper beam |
| RU195115U1 (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-15 | РЕЙЛ 1520 АйПи ЛТД | Tank car |
| CN110899901A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Assembly welding method for truck chassis |
| CN110480266B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-17 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of vehicle traction beam, vehicle traction beam and railway vehicle |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103538591A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-29 | 西安轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Tank car body structure |
| CN103203556A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 齐齐哈尔鑫拓金属铆焊有限责任公司 | Technology for assembling and welding upper center pans and lower cover plates of center frame of railway van truck |
| CN109352203A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-19 | 通号轨道车辆有限公司 | A kind of welding procedure of open type structure sleeper beam |
| CN109352203B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-11-06 | 通号轨道车辆有限公司 | Welding process of open-type structure sleeper beam |
| CN110480266B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-17 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of vehicle traction beam, vehicle traction beam and railway vehicle |
| RU195115U1 (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-15 | РЕЙЛ 1520 АйПи ЛТД | Tank car |
| CN110899901A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-24 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Assembly welding method for truck chassis |
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Application publication date: 20120606 |