CN102482922A - Flexible catenary riser having distributed sag bend ballast - Google Patents

Flexible catenary riser having distributed sag bend ballast Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102482922A
CN102482922A CN2010800377915A CN201080037791A CN102482922A CN 102482922 A CN102482922 A CN 102482922A CN 2010800377915 A CN2010800377915 A CN 2010800377915A CN 201080037791 A CN201080037791 A CN 201080037791A CN 102482922 A CN102482922 A CN 102482922A
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China
Prior art keywords
ballast
seabed
wave
stretched wire
pipe
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Granted
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CN2010800377915A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102482922B (en
Inventor
珊卡·巴特
卡蒂克·莎玛
马克·卡尔曼
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DeepFlex Inc
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DeepFlex Inc
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/01Risers
    • E21B17/015Non-vertical risers, e.g. articulated or catenary-type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L1/00Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/12Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/20Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
    • F16L1/24Floats; Weights

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a subsea catenary and a method of distributing ballast on a pipe. The subsea catenary includes a flexible pipe, and a selected amount of ballast attached to the flexible pipe, in which the ballast is distributed in a wave pattern on a sag bend of the subsea catenary. The method includes identifying a position of a sag bend in a flexible pipe of the subsea catenary, and applying ballast in a wave distribution along the subsea pipe at the identified position.

Description

A kind of flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting with the distributed crooked ballast that dangles
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method of the knee distribution ballast that dangles at flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting.
Background technology
The patent No. is 6; 491; 779 apply for the United States Patent (USP) on April 24th, 2000, and " a kind of composite tubular assembly manufacturing approach " by name, said patent is transferred the applicant; The full text of this application mode by reference is contained in this, and this patent discloses a kind of flexible pipe of being processed by lightweight composite materials that is used for that the seabed uses.Before the invention of said patent 6,491,779, known usually, conventional pipe (pipe of phase counterweight is generally steel pipe), when being used for the seabed, its from the ship on the water surface to forming stretched wire shape the sea bed.Existing pipe-line system like this need be on its surface or other positions use expensive device to offset the big weight of steel pipe.
In addition, the patent No. is 7,073; 978 apply for the United States Patent (USP) on August 16th, 2004,, " lightweight catenary system " by name; Said patent is transferred the applicant, and the full text of this application mode by reference is contained in this, and it discloses the lightweight flexible catenary system that is used for the deep-sea device.
Summary of the invention
On the one hand, the present invention relates to a kind of seabed stretched wire.The seabed stretched wire comprises flexible pipe, places a certain amount of ballast on the flexible pipe, and wherein, ballast distribution is the stretched wire knee of dangling in the seabed, shape in wave shape.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to a kind of method of the weight bearing stretched wire with ballast in the seabed.This method comprises the position, knee of dangling of judging seabed stretched wire flexible pipe, and ballast is being judged that the position is wavy distribution along seabed pipeline.
Description of drawings
Characteristics of the present invention will become clearer from following description taken in conjunction accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the elevation of hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting.
Fig. 2 is the hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is the hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is the hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is the hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is the hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.
The specific embodiment
When flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting is connected to floating loading and unloading ship time (" carrier "); The flexible hoisting pipe receives axial high pressure; And because of the higher curvature near the stretched wire of access area makes it exceed minimum bending radius, this access area is meant the zone of said pipe near sea bed.Because the dynamic bending waveform that the ocean current of depths and hydrodynamics form possibly make and exceed being worse off of minimum bending radius.
In order to alleviate compression load and to avoid exceeding minimum bending radius, ballast distribution perhaps is applied on the part riser near sea bed in (in the knee of dangling of said pipe) on the access area near riser.The ballast weight application, and prevent the formation of dynamic bending waveform or the dynamic bending waveform is minimized the influence of flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting.
Therefore,, strategically ballast is arranged in the knee of dangling of flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting, is making said pipe under extreme dynamic change situation, form wavy curve according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.Likewise, the dynamic bending waveform that forms in the flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting can be controlled because of the layout of ballast and/or minimize.
. the flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting of about-face is machine-processed to the hydrokinetic dynamic response in depths greatly in the distribution of ballast.The distribution of ballast can make ad-hoc location form predetermined wavelength crooked waveform.Therefore, for flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting, can control the dynamic bending waveform and remain under the exercisable state.When flexible pipe receives axial compression because of the fluctuation that loads and the navigation of carrier, the axial compression that the waveform that causes because of the distribution of ballast can make flexible pipe receive minimizes.When receiving axial compression, the amplitude of fluctuation can strengthen.In other words, the direction varicose that flexible pipe can occur towards fluctuation earlier, and do not appear at the axial compression that produces compressive stress in the tube wall.
The amplitude of crooked waveform is controlled by the relative magnitude of the ballast that the bending of dangling along flexible hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting distributes.Further, crooked waveform is controlled by the distributing position of the ballast that is positioned at riser.Therefore, can control weight, the length of each ballast fragment and be distributed with the pipe range of ballast.Ballast can be carried on the half-wave section, and thus, the ballast of certain-length (half-wavelength) is fixed on the flexible pipe, and the back does not have ballast (being naked pipe) with the flexible pipe of certain-length (half-wavelength) on it.Along the knee of dangling of riser, the ballast of available identical or different weight of the configuration of half-wave and/or identical or different length is replacing and repeats to realize shape in wave shape.Preferably, the length of waveform is unified, and each half-wave segment length is unified.Therefore, weight can be distributed on the half-wave section that preestablishes wavelength.
It is the composite soft tube described in 6,491,779. the United States Patent (USP) that the lightweight flexible of here using can be the patent No..Flexible pipe can be nonmetal fully or be essentially nonmetallic.In addition, flexible pipe can be the circulus or the configuration of standard.Flexible pipe can bundle or separate, and is described like standard ISO 13628-2/API17J or ISO 13628-10/API 17K.Perhaps, flexible pipe can be the clad pipe described among the DNV-RP-F202 or name is called the compound riser of describing in the air transport composite material white paper of " thermoplastic composite riser ".Flexible pipe can comprise the interior pressure shell of carrying current, and it is surrounded by composite consolidation layer and shell.Said pipe can be in top ends (perhaps installing on the carrier) accessory place exhaust, and this is because gas possibly gather at the annular region place of interior pressure shell and shell.
According to one or more embodiment of the present invention, dynamically riser analysis (or modeling) can be used for judging the Optimal Distribution position of ballast.Dynamically the riser analysis can judge in advance that the weight of the interval of ballast fragment and length, ballast, length, number of fragments and/or the ballast of waveform install other parameters of distribution before on pipeline.Therefore, according to embodiment of the present disclosure, best configuration can be set before any application-specific of ballast.
Dynamically the riser analysis can be explained the extreme case that is positioned at specific or precalculated position, as, can set century-old environment, be used to explain century-old waveform and 10 years current.Dynamically the riser analysis also can be explained the skew of near-end or far-end.Said skew is meant the lateral separation with respect to the mean place skew of junction, riser top on the carrier.Therefore, riser design and ballast distribution can be in the specified limit environment optimization, thus, can in installation and/or operating process, estimate the load capacity that loads on riser.
Referring now to Fig. 1,, shows the lateral view of hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting.In Fig. 1, show carrier 100 (can be ship, platform or other any riser braced structuress) with two hanging chair type lifting pipe supportings.First riser 101 can be the tubulose or the umbilical of conventional steel, and it is can not be floating, therefore, and when it dangles at carrier 100 last times formation stretched wire shape.Second riser 102 can be lightweight flexible, as stated, is what can float when dangling as hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting in seawater.
As shown in Figure 1, the stretched wire shape of second riser 102 can not normally form because of the buoyancy of flexible pipe.Weight is loaded into flexible pipe with formation tension force in pipe, thereby stability is provided under current intelligence, like U.S. Patent number 7,073, described in 978.According to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure, weight is loaded on the predetermined waveform along the flexible pipe near sea bed.As stated, in the position of said pipe formation stretched wire shape, the knee of promptly dangling, weight can increase tension force and stability is provided this pipe.
According to Fig. 2, show the lightweight flexible that is furnished with ballast now according to embodiment of the present disclosure.On lightweight flexible 202 can be dangled sea bed from carrier 200.Ballast fragment 220,221,222,223 and 224 can be distributed on the pipe 202, shape in wave shape, and wherein, each ballast fragment is corresponding to half-wavelength.Each ballast fragment 220,221,222,223 and 224 weight and/or length are different, preestablish like the additive method of being known by dynamic riser analytical method and/or this area.
As shown in Figure 2, the naked pipe section that ballast fragment 220,221,222,223 and 224 is positioned at the knee of dangling separates, and forms the waveform of ballast distribution thus.Further, as shown in the figure, naked pipe part can have certain curvature because of the buoyancy of said pipe, and on have the pipe of ballast can allow certain controlled curvature in the knee of dangling.
As shown in Figure 2, ballast fragment 220,221,222,223 and 224 is distributed on five half-wave sections.But those skilled in the art will understand ballast half-wave section and have variation more or less.Further, the ballast fragment can inconsistently distribute, and its length can be unified.Further, the weight of ballast fragment can be unified or disunity.As stated, the length of ballast fragment, weight and/or quantity can be determined by dynamic riser analysis.
Fig. 2 shows the flotation tubes lifting process between ballast half-wave section.But it is shown in Figure 2 wavy in order to stop flotation tubes to form that the distributed and arranged in advance of ballast becomes.For example, with reference to Fig. 3, pipe 302 can dangle from carrier 30 as one kind 0, and arranges that above that enough ballasts are to form smooth stretched wire shape.Ballast fragment 320,321,322,323 and 324 distribution can make stretched wire smooth.As stated, the weight of each ballast fragment can be inconsistent, can form conceivable stretched wire shape like this.
Referring now to Fig. 4, according to the ballast distribution of one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.Pipe 402 can begin to dangle from carrier 400, and can load ballast fragment collection 420.The weight of each fragment of ballast fragment collection 420 can be different, to form conceivable stretched wire shape.Further, as shown in the figure, ballast distribution can be made up of a series of little ballast fragments.But as shown in Figures 2 and 3, ballast can be formed by big ballast fragment, and wherein single ballast fragment forms whole half-wave section.
Still with reference to Fig. 4, showing the said pipe of dotted line 403 expressions is not having the state of load pressure.The pipe 403 of no negative pressure can receive the influence of the buoyancy and/or the current of said pipe, thus, the stretched wire shape of wanting is had a negative impact.Solid line 402 promptly manages 402, expression negative pressure pipe, additional ballast fragment 420 on it.As shown in the figure, pipe 402 can reach conceivable stretched wire shape through the weight that changes ballast and/or make current minimize the influence of pipe.
Referring now to Fig. 5, show ballast distributed wave according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.Pipe 502 can overhang the seabed from the carrier (not shown), and near sea bed, to form the stretched wire shape, it can be the flexible compound pipe.The weight of ballast can be distributed in the external surface of pipe 502 to form conceivable stretched wire shape, as the stretched wire shape of being scheduled to through the analysis of dynamic riser.As shown in, four half-wave ballasts are set to form conceivable stretched wire shape.The wavelength 510,511,512 and 513 of pipe 502 can be a preset wavelength.Therefore, the wavelength 510,511,512 and 513 of pipe 502 can be unified wavelength, and then the wavelength (or ripple) of expression load pipe.
In the wavelength 510,511,512 and 513 of pipe 502 any one can comprise the ballast 520,521,522 and 523 of a half-wave (or half-wavelength) separately.Further, any one in the fragment 510,511,512 and 513 of pipe 502 can comprise the naked pipe 530,531,532 and 533 of half-wave (or half-wavelength) separately, and the half-wave of its corresponding ballast 520,521,522 of difference and 523.As implied above, although four ripples (or wavelength) of naked pipe shown in the figure it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that according to current environment and/or relevant operating parameter, can provide wavelength more or less to make the stretched wire shape of wanting with acquisition.
So, can ballast be scattered in wavyly along pipe, and this ripple is made up of half ripple of ballast and half ripple of naked pipe, and makes it near sea bed, form the stretched wire shape.As shown in Figure 5, can alternately in succession the respectively half-wave of naked pipe 530,531,532 and 533 of ballast 520,521,522 and 523 half-wave forms the wavelength of load pipe thus.Each half-wave of naked pipe can be unified length and unified weight, because each part of naked pipe does not have extra heavy burden.Each half-wave of ballast can be unified length, still, partly compares with naked pipe, can be different weight.And it varies in weight and can make pipe in ambient conditions, present the response of suitable fluid dynamic, and is forming stable stretched wire shape near lower area.
Referring now to Fig. 6, show hanging chair type lifting pipe supporting according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure.Pipe 602 can dangle from carrier 600, and can distribute above that ballast or float.As shown in Figure 6, can load one or more ballasts 640 on the pipe 602.Further, can load one or more float modules 650 on the pipe 602.Therefore, can combine to form the stretched wire shape of wanting through distribution ballast and float module.So, the dynamic wavy shape of being arranged to adapt to most specific environment of pipe 602.
As shown in Figure 6, ballast fragment 640 can be scattered in aforesaid wavy with float module fragment 650. Fragment 640 and 650 can be respectively the half-wave section, the naked pipe that has the half-wave section between itself and adjacent ballast module and/or the float module.
Advantageously, according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure, fluctuation that the seabed stretched wire is had a negative impact and fluid dynamic can be controlled through the distribution of ballast half-wave part on the stretched wire of seabed, prevent and/or minimize.Therefore, a kind of method that realizes the seabed riser with lightweight flexible at low cost can be provided.
And according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure, the deep-sea riser can be furnished with lightweight flexible.As open at this, ballast distribution can be transformed the routine pipe.Therefore, the associated float module that is applied on the conventional pipe is revocable, and then obtains simple, a reliable stretched wire, obtains riser cheaply thus.
And according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure, riser is not to be necessary for lightweight flexible.Said pipe can be the chainless flexible pipe of the steel armor described in the ISO 13628-2/API Specification 17J.For heavier flexible pipe, can obtain the half-wave or the all-wave of ballast district/float block region through on pipe, alternately distribute ballast and float module.Alternatively, the float module application on lightweight flexible, obtaining being shorter than the part wavelength of half-wave, and then is obtained all-wave, perhaps increase the amplitude of ripple.The optimization of ripple can obtain through the optimal spacing of ballast and/or float module is arranged, these can be non-unification at interval, to form ballast and/or float module gathering groups.Further, continuous bulk gathering groups can distribute to minimize or to eliminate near the earth point pressure to tube wall along riser.
And according to one or more embodiment of the present disclosure, unified ballast distribution can keep the bottom stability of stretched wire.Further, as open, can adapt to the skew of near-end or far-end through the ballast of flexible pipe and distribution at this.
Though the disclosure has been described, has been had benefited from of the present disclosure person of skill in the art will appreciate that and to design the embodiment that does not deviate from disclosure protection domain described here with respect to limited embodiment.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should only be limited by accompanying claims.

Claims (17)

1. seabed stretched wire comprises:
Flexible pipe, and
Be loaded into the ballast of specified quantitative on the flexible pipe,
Wherein, the ballast knee of dangling that is distributed in the seabed stretched wire in wave shape.
2. seabed according to claim 1 stretched wire, said waveform comprise the half-wave section of ballast part and the half-wave section of naked pipe part.
3. seabed according to claim 2 stretched wire, said waveform comprise at least three half-wave sections that partly are made up of ballast and at least three half-wave sections that partly are made up of naked pipe.
4. seabed according to claim 1 stretched wire, described waveform is determined by dynamic riser analysis.
5. seabed according to claim 1 stretched wire, the length of the wave plate section of said waveform is unified.
6. seabed according to claim 1 stretched wire, the length of the wave plate section of said waveform is non-unification.
7. seabed according to claim 1 stretched wire, said seabed stretched wire also comprises the float module that is loaded into specified quantitative on the flexible pipe, the said float module knee of dangling that is distributed in the seabed stretched wire in wave shape.
8. seabed according to claim 1 stretched wire, said waveform comprise the subband of ballast and the subband of naked pipe.
9. method that applies ballast stretched wire to the seabed, said method comprises:
Confirm the bending position that dangles of seabed stretched wire flexible pipe, and
Ballast is applied to the seabed manages really on the allocation distribution in wave shape.
10. method according to claim 9, said distributed wave comprise the half-wave section of ballast and the half-wave section of naked pipe.
11. method according to claim 10, described distributed wave comprise at least three half-wave sections that partly are made up of ballast and at least three half-wave sections that partly are made up of naked pipe.
12. method according to claim 9 comprises that also modeling is carried out in distribution to the ballast optimum waveform.
13. method according to claim 12, the distribution in wave shape of said ballast is confirmed in distribution according to optimum waveform.
14. method according to claim 9 also is included in and loads the float module in the distributed wave.
15. according to claim 1-14 each, described flexible pipe comprises composite soft tube.
16. according to claim 1-15 each, described seabed stretched wire comprises riser.
17. according to claim 1-16 each, described seabed stretched wire is arranged in the depth of water marine greater than 500 meters, said seabed stretched wire dangles from floating carrier.
CN201080037791.5A 2009-08-26 2010-08-20 Flexible catenary riser having distributed sag bend ballast Expired - Fee Related CN102482922B (en)

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US23723109P 2009-08-26 2009-08-26
US61/237,231 2009-08-26
PCT/US2010/046053 WO2011028432A2 (en) 2009-08-26 2010-08-20 Flexible catenary riser having distributed sag bend ballast

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CN102482922A true CN102482922A (en) 2012-05-30
CN102482922B CN102482922B (en) 2014-10-29

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EP (1) EP2470745A2 (en)
CN (1) CN102482922B (en)
AU (1) AU2010289935B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112012004118A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011028432A2 (en)

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CN108050301A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-05-18 中交四航局第二工程有限公司 A kind of great diameter and long HDPE pipelines immersing method
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CN107109907B (en) * 2014-12-22 2020-02-04 通用电气石油和天然气英国有限公司 Riser assembly and method of forming a riser assembly
CN108050301A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-05-18 中交四航局第二工程有限公司 A kind of great diameter and long HDPE pipelines immersing method
CN108050301B (en) * 2017-11-01 2019-08-16 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 A kind of great diameter and long HDPE pipeline immersing method
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WO2011028432A3 (en) 2011-05-19
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AU2010289935B2 (en) 2014-07-31
WO2011028432A2 (en) 2011-03-10

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