CN102479108B - Terminal resource management system for multi-application process embedded system and method - Google Patents
Terminal resource management system for multi-application process embedded system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a terminal resource management system for a multi-application process embedded system and a method. All application processes need to call specific application program interfaces to access terminal resources; the terminal resources are a set of capabilities provided by a terminal hardware platform and comprise a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, a hard disk, a decoder, a demultiplexer, a graphic engine, and the like; when a plurality of applications are simultaneously operated, dynamic priorities for the application processes are set up according to the types of the applications and a statistical regularity that users use the applications; when some kind of terminal resources is overloaded or is in a conflict because more applications are operated in a system, the terminal resources are optimally allocated and dispatched by combining an application process status control method and the priorities so as to preferably ensure the reliable operation of applications with high priorities. The terminal resource management system for the multi-application process embedded system and the method have the advantages that: the controllability and the safety for accessing shared terminal resources are improved; and the terminal resource management based on user experience is achieved, the reliable and efficient operation of applications which users pay more attention to can be preferably guaranteed so as to improve the user experience.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to embedded system and use support technology more, mainly be to be implemented in to support many application to move simultaneously under the scene towards the embedded system terminal method for managing resource of application process, be specifically related to a kind of embedded system terminal resource management system and method for many application processes.
Background technology
The terminal resource management is the important component part of embedded system.Terminal resource management provides the access method of terminal resource for running on each application program on the embedded system, as CPU, internal memory, the network bandwidth, demoder, demultiplexing passage, figure etc.Use under the environment that moves simultaneously more, limited embedded system terminal resource is easy to occur the situation of certain terminal resource overload, perhaps because the alternative of shared terminal resources such as demoder makes a plurality of application of using this terminal resource normally not move simultaneously, the terminal resource management is used for coordinating many application processes to the use of shared terminal resource, guarantee that two application processes can not use same alternative terminal resource simultaneously, and should guarantee that the more interested application of user obtains the priority access power of terminal resource, and guarantee when the shared terminal resource overload, preferentially to satisfy the terminal resource demand of the more interested application of user.
In existing real time embedded system, the terminal resource management method that adopts task scheduling to combine with the terminal resource access control more.Before using operation, system distributes a priority for it, and scheduler program guarantees that being applied in the task scheduling formation of current operation has limit priority, and high-priority applications can be seized the working time of low priority applications.When high-priority applications is taken when blocking by low priority applications because of its required terminal resource, low priority applications is inherited the priority of high-priority applications during using this terminal resource, avoid priority reversal of the natural order of things, so high-priority applications need be blocked until low priority applications and finished use to this terminal resource.
Yet for the user's that satisfies the needs of consumers the support built-in terminals of operation simultaneously of using more, have multiple audio-video terminal resources such as demoder, demodulation multiplexer, when a plurality of application need to visit these terminal resources simultaneously, can not carry out " time division multiplex " as CPU, therefore the principle of First come first served is followed in the management of this terminal resource, find when using operation that the occupied back of needed terminal resource determines its processing policy by the developer, mainly contains following two kinds:
(1) application is out of service
(2) use obstruction and wait for terminal resource
The user's that satisfies the needs of consumers support use operation simultaneously built-in terminal in, task scheduling and terminal resource access control should take into full account user's demand, different users is to the preference difference of various application, and same user also is dynamic change to the attention rate of using, so scheduling strategy also should be done corresponding dynamically adjustment.As adopt the application priority policy to dispatch, the priority of application process should the dynamic change with the variation of application type and user's attention rate so, the current application process of paying close attention to of user should possess limit priority in system, system should ensure the normal operation that current limit priority is used, and guarantees the normal operation of application that the user pays close attention to.Move simultaneously under the scene in many application, utilize application type and user's attention rate dynamically to adjust application process priority, and adopt preemptible terminal resource management system and method to yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the task scheduling of existing embedded system and terminal resource access control method and can't satisfy the user and follow one's bent and use the defective of using, provide a kind of terminal resource management system and method in conjunction with application schedules and terminal resource scheduling, i.e. a kind of embedded system terminal resource management system and method for many application processes.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes, this embedded system terminal resource management system comprises: application process scheduler module and terminal resource scheduler module, it is characterized in that,
Described application process scheduler module is used for using the statistical law of application to set up the dynamic priority of application process according to application type and user when many application move simultaneously; With
Described terminal resource scheduler module,
It is more and when causing terminal resource overload in this embedded system terminal resource management system or conflict to be used for the application that moves when the embedded system terminal resource management system, triggers this terminal resource scheduler module and carries out the optimization of terminal resource again and distribute and dispatch; When new application brings into operation, trigger optimization distribution and scheduling that this terminal resource scheduler module is carried out terminal resource, be described application assigned terminal resource; And when described application process priority changes, trigger optimization distribution and scheduling that this terminal resource scheduler module is carried out terminal resource, preferentially guarantee the reliability service of user's high-priority applications;
Wherein, if described application process scheduler module finds that certain application process priority changes or when having application process to withdraw from, the strategy that planning and scheduling that this application process scheduler module notifies described terminal resource scheduler module to carry out described terminal terminal resource again, described application process all provide by described terminal resource scheduler module carries out the visit of terminal terminal resource; Described terminal resource comprises: CPU, internal memory, hard disk, demoder, demodulation multiplexer and graphics engine.
In the technique scheme, described application process scheduler module further comprises:
State control submodule is for the running status of the operating application process of control;
Application process information record sub module is used for the described operating application process running status of monitoring and application process switching rule in real time, and recording user uses the historical information of application process; With
Priority is set up submodule, by analysis and predictive user the demand of described operating application process is dynamically set up priority list for each application process in conjunction with the information of described application process information record sub module;
Wherein, the running status of described operating application process comprises: ready, movable, suspend and destroy.
In the technique scheme, the information of described application process information record sub module record comprises: the time that application program is loaded, application program is at the number of times of front stage operation and each operation duration, the handover information of user's focus and comprise the transition probability that user's focus switches at least between each is used.
It is current application process definition limit priority at front stage operation that described priority is set up submodule.Described application process switching state comprises: start, suspend, recover and stop.
Information in the described application process priority list comprises: the ID of application process, priority, maximum quantity and application process the window's position in current screen of the various terminal resources that application needs.
In the technique scheme, described terminal resource scheduler module further comprises:
Terminal resource planning submodule when certain described terminal terminal resource overload or conflict, realizes that competition scheduling and the optimization of this terminal resource distributes, and generates corresponding application process dispatch list;
The terminal resource monitoring submodule, terminal resource is collected the terminal terminal resource information of described embedded system when being used for system boot, sets up the status list of described terminal terminal resource, and monitors in real time, safeguards the use state of described terminal terminal resource;
The terminal resource distribution sub module is used to operating application process that the control method of terminal resource visit is provided; With
Terminal resource maintenance of information submodule is for the status list of safeguarding described terminal terminal resource.
In the technique scheme, described terminal resource uses state to be determined by the residue quantity available of terminal resource, specifically comprises following two states: available and overload;
Wherein, described residual terminal resource quantity available is:
R
free＝R
total-R
sys-R
app-R
resv-R
threshold
Wherein, R
Free isTerminal resource residue quantity available, R
Total isSystem terminal total resources, R
Sys isSystem service occupied terminal resource quantity, R
AppBe application process occupied terminal resource quantity, R
ResvFor the high-priority applications process is reserved terminal resource quantity, R
ThresholdBe threshold value.
A kind of embedded system terminal method for managing resource of many application processes also is provided based on the above the present invention of system, this method uses the statistical law of application to set up the competition scheduling of the dynamic priority realization terminal terminal resource of application process according to application type and user, and described method comprises:
Set up the step of the dynamic priority of application process, this step is used for when many application move simultaneously, uses the statistical law of application to set up and adjust the dynamic priority of application process according to application type and user;
The step of terminal resource scheduling when described application process priority changes, is carried out terminal resource competition scheduling process again to the terminal resource scheduling that is at war with, and preferentially guarantees the reliability service of high-priority applications;
Wherein, the step of described terminal resource scheduling also comprises: when the application that moves in the system more and when causing certain terminal terminal resource overload or conflict or as new application start or have to use and carry out terminal resource competition scheduling process when withdrawing from embedded system, again to the scheduling that is at war with of described terminal terminal resource;
Described terminal resource specifically comprises: the image resource of terminal and non-image resource.
In the technique scheme, the described step of setting up the dynamic priority of application process further comprises:
State control substep, this step is controlled the running status of operating application process;
Application process information record substep, this step be the described operating application process running status of monitoring and application process switching rule in real time, and record and maintenance customer use the historical information of application process;
Priority is set up substep, and this step uses the historical information of application process by analysis and predictive user the demand of described operating application process dynamically to be set up priority list for each application process according to described user.Wherein,
The historical information of described application process comprises: the time that application program is loaded, application program is at the number of times of front stage operation and each operation duration, the handover information of user's focus and comprise the transition probability that user's focus switches at least between each is used;
It is current application process definition limit priority at front stage operation that described priority is set up substep;
Information in the described application process priority list comprises: the ID of application process, priority, maximum quantity and application process the window's position in current screen of the various terminal resources that application needs.
In the technique scheme, the historical information of described maintenance application process specifically comprises following steps:
(100) when the user begins to pay close attention to application process i, H[i] [i] add one;
(101) when the user jumps to application process j from application process i, H[i] [i] add one, T[i] access times T[i] fre adds one, last use duration T[i] .duration[fre] use the time span of application process i for this;
Wherein, N is the sum of all application processes in the system; H[i] [i] be a N*N matrix; T[i] be two tuples (fre, duration[fre]), comprise the user and use the number of times of using i and each use duration.
In the technique scheme, described dynamic foundation and adjust the following steps that comprise of priority:
(200) calculate the transition probability matrix S that the user uses application, computing method can adopt shown in the following formula:
(201) suppose that the active user is using application process i, then the priority decision method can adopt the priority of following strategy: application process i the highest, is Pmax, and the priority of other application processes is according to transition probability S[i] [j] subtract 1 successively from big to small;
When (202) application of using as the user switches, carry out priority again and calculate, enter step (201);
In the above-mentioned technology, described terminal resource scheduling step further comprises:
When (300) system started, terminal resource status list of initialization was used for the status information of register system terminal resource, comprised maximum quantity, with quantity, residue quantity available and threshold value;
(301) system when operation, if when having several application processes to apply for terminal resource A simultaneously, has the application process request access terminal resource A of limit priority according to priority list for one of them;
(302) state of inspection terminal resource A, if distribute the terminal resource quantity of its request for application process after, terminal resource residue quantity available changes (303) over to greater than threshold value, otherwise, change (305) over to;
(303) terminal resource A is distributed to application process by the quantity of request and use, and the status information of terminal resource renewal terminal resource A, increase the occupied information about application process, change (304) over to;
(304) application process is finished the terminal resource visit, and the terminal resource application discharges terminal resource A, and terminal resource is regained terminal resource A, and the status information of terminal resource renewal terminal resource A, and deletion is about the occupied information of application process; Change (306) over to;
(305) detect the terminal resource overload, logical terminal resource carries out the terminal resource programming dispatching;
(306) the terminal resource browsing process finishes, and carries out the terminal resource scheduling according to priority list again for the application process of time priority, changes step (302) over to.
The invention has the advantages that: by unified terminal resource visit and realizing interface, the controllability and the security that have improved the shared terminal resource access are provided for application; By setting up the application process dynamic priority that is characterized as foundation with user behavior, and carry out terminal resource dynamic programming and scheduling with this, realized the terminal resource management based on user's experience, can preferentially ensure the reliable efficient operation of the application that the user pays close attention to more, the lifting user experiences.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 terminal resource management system of the present invention figure;
Fig. 2 is of the present invention to carry out terminal resource browsing process synoptic diagram by the terminal resource scheduler module;
Fig. 3 application process state switching flow synoptic diagram;
The non-graphic terminal scheduling of resource of Fig. 4 flow process;
Fig. 5 figure scheduling flow.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further specified.
Application process scheduler module of the present invention is set up priority for each application process, and dynamically adjusts based on the dynamic change of application process type and user's attention rate; The terminal resource scheduler module provides unified terminal resource access interface, and the use state of maintenance terminal resource, monitor terminal resource access situation; Both in conjunction with realizing a kind of preemptible support terminal resource management methods of operation simultaneously of using more.
The invention provides support many application processes the embedded system terminal resource management system, be made up of an application process scheduler module and a terminal resource scheduler module: wherein the terminal resource scheduler module provides unified terminal resource access method for application process, supervisory system terminal resource state and operating position thereof, and realize that in conjunction with the application process scheduler module optimization of shared terminal resource distributes and the competition scheduling; The application process scheduler module provides unified application process running status dispatching method, each application process state of monitoring and user use the behavioural information of application in real time, for each application process is dynamically set up priority, for the scheduling of the shared terminal resource contention of terminal resource scheduler module provides foundation; Described system comprises:
--the application process scheduler module, be mainly used in controlling the running status of application process, comprise startup, time-out, recovery and shut-down operation at least; The application process scheduler module monitors the application process running status in real time and application process is switched rule, and recording user uses the historical information of using, and by analysis and predictive user demands of applications is dynamically set up priority for each application process; Application process scheduler module major function is as follows:
(1) supervisory user is used the behavioural information of using;
(2) according to user's operation, in conjunction with the application process dispatch list that the terminal resource scheduler module generates, the startup of using, time-out, recovery and shut-down operation;
Application process is set up priority list during (3) for operation, and dynamically adjusts according to the variation of system state;
(4) change in application process priority, or have and use when withdrawing from, notice terminal resource scheduler module is carried out necessary terminal resource planning.
--the terminal resource scheduler module is mainly used in finishing terminal resource access control and shared terminal resource allocation scheduling, for application provides unified terminal resource access interface; The use state of terminal resource scheduler module maintenance terminal terminal resource, real-time monitor terminal resource access situation, terminal resource competition between in time finding to use, the application process priority that provides according to the application process scheduler module, realize preemptible terminal resource access control method, and the application process dispatch list that generates is returned to the application process scheduler module; Main modular and the major function of terminal resource scheduler module are as follows:
(1) terminal resource monitoring module: during system boot, terminal resource scheduler module collection system terminal resource information is set up the terminal resource state table, and is monitored in real time, and the maintenance terminal resource is used state;
(2) terminal resource distribution module: for application program provides the terminal resource access control method;
(3) terminal resource planning module: when terminal resource overload or conflict, realize competing scheduling accordingly and optimizing and distribute generation application process dispatch list according to priority;
(4) terminal resource maintenance of information module: generate and the tabulation of maintenance terminal resource status.
Wherein, described user uses the behavioural information of application to comprise and respectively uses handover information between number of times, time and the application that is used.
Wherein, that described application process running status comprises at least is ready, movable, suspend, destroy four kinds, switches between state and is finished by startup, time-out, recovery and shut-down operation; Described application process is switched rule and is referred to the transition probability that switches between application process.Application process state and control method thereof are as described below:
A. ready, after the user selected to start certain application, the application process scheduler module can make to use and enter ready state, and wait terminal resource administration module application processes is carried out terminal resource planning and control;
B. movable, can make application process enter active state by startup or recovery operation, use and enter normal workflow this moment, may use various system terminal resources;
C. suspend, can make application process enter halted state by pausing operation, this moment the application process operation suspension, but the terminal resources such as internal memory that take can not discharge, and only can discharge CPU and network bandwidth terminal resource;
D. destroy, can make application process enter destroy state by shut-down operation, complete environment when out of service of application program this moment discharges the terminal resource that it takies.
Wherein, described user uses the historical information recording method of application, uses the information such as number of times, time and application process switching of application to note the user; The historical information of all application can be with matrix H and one-dimension array T[N of a N*N] expression, N is the sum of using in the system, when new application adds fashionable the expansion; H[i] [i] (i!=i) expression jumps to the number of times of using j from using i, H[i] [i] expression user uses the total degree of using i, T[i] be two tuples (fre, duration[fre]), wherein fre is for using the number of times that i is paid close attention to by the user, duration[fre] time span at every turn paid close attention to by the user of record; The maintenance of historical information is finished by following two steps:
(1) when the user begins pay close attention to use i, H[i] [i] add one;
(2) jump to when using j H[i from using i as the user] [i] add one, uses the information of using i to add T[i to user before].
Wherein, content comprises the ID of application process, priority in the described when operation application process priority list, use the maximum quantity (for the terminal resource reserved function is provided) of the various terminal resources that need, the window's position (x, the y of application process in current screen, w, h).If application process the window's position in current screen is empty, illustrate that application process at present fully at running background, does not take screen space.When the window's position size variation of application process, the application process scheduler module need notify the related application process to redraw.
Wherein, described application process priority dynamic adjusting method is that application process is set up priority according to application type and user behavior rule.The user uses the behavior of application to have certain rules, mainly show as number of times and duration that the user uses a certain application, the user is from a certain switching times that is applied to Another Application etc., and the application that the user is using also judges that to the priority of each application certain influence is arranged.This method is that the application priority that meets the user behavior custom is set up in application in the system according to some information wherein, guarantees that the current application of paying close attention to of user has limit priority, and the most possible next one of paying close attention to of user is used and had higher priority.
Wherein, that described terminal resource use state comprises is available, two kinds of overloads, is determined by the residue quantity available of terminal resource.The maximum quantity of every kind of terminal resource all is limited, and along with when operation the increasing of application process, the available terminal resource quantity constantly reduces, and when the residue quantity available reduces to threshold limit value, reaches overload.Increasing and reduce by terminal resource visit application and terminal resource releasing operation of available terminal resource quantity finished.
Wherein, described terminal resource residue quantity available R
Free, by system terminal total resources R
Total, system service occupied terminal resource quantity R
Sys, application process occupied terminal resource quantity R
App, be that the high-priority applications process reserves the terminal resource amount R
ResvWith threshold value R
ThresholdDetermine.
R
free＝R
total-R
sys-R
app-R
resv-R
threshold
Wherein, described system terminal total resources refers to that system has the total quantity of certain terminal resource.Described system service occupied terminal resource quantity refers to certain terminal resource quantity that the internal system service processes takies.Described application occupied terminal resource quantity refers to that the application that moves in the system takies the total quantity of certain terminal resource.
Describedly reserve terminal resource quantity for the high-priority applications process and refer to, system is in order to guarantee current operational efficiency with limit priority application process, according to the demand of this application process, is the quantity of certain terminal resource of this application process reservation in advance.System only is that the highest application process of priority is reserved terminal resource, when application process priority changes, regains the terminal resource of reserving into former limit priority.
Wherein, described threshold limit value is that system is that various terminal resources distribute the system overload measurement index of setting.The terminal resource distribution module judges according to threshold limit value whether terminal resource transships, and realizes the access control of terminal resource.
When the quantity available of certain terminal resource during greater than this threshold limit value, terminal resource is in upstate, and the terminal resource distribution module can directly be application process distributing terminals resource; When the quantity available of this terminal resource during smaller or equal to threshold limit value, terminal resource is in overload, must plan terminal resource by the terminal resource planning module this moment, determines whether be application process distributing terminals resource.
Wherein, described terminal resource visit and state-maintenance method, all terminal resource visits all need to be undertaken by the terminal resource distribution module of terminal resource scheduler module; Application is carried out the terminal resource visit by the special interface of terminal resource distribution module, terminal resource monitoring module real-time monitoring system terminal resource state, and notice terminal resource maintenance of information module is carried out the renewal of terminal resource state.Terminal resource visit and state-maintenance flow process are as follows:
When (1) system started, terminal resource status list of terminal resource maintenance of information module initialization was used for the status information of register system terminal resource, comprised maximum quantity, with quantity, residue quantity available and threshold value etc.;
When (2) moving, the application process first is to terminal resource distribution module request access terminal resource A;
(3) the terminal resource distribution module checks the state of terminal resource A, if distribute the terminal resource quantity of its request for application process after, terminal resource residue quantity available changes (4) over to greater than threshold value, otherwise, change (6) over to;
(4) the terminal resource distribution module is distributed to the use of application process first with terminal resource A by the quantity of request, and the status information of notice terminal resource maintenance of information module renewal terminal resource A, increases the occupied information about the application process first, changes (5) over to;
(5) the application process first is finished the terminal resource visit, discharge terminal resource A to the application of terminal resource distribution module, the terminal resource distribution module is regained terminal resource A, and the status information of notice terminal resource maintenance of information module renewal terminal resource A, and deletion is about the occupied information of application process first; Change (7) over to;
(6) detect the terminal resource overload, notice terminal resource planning module carries out the terminal resource programming dispatching;
(7) the terminal resource browsing process finishes.
Wherein, described terminal resource state table is used for the state of maintenance system terminal resource, the sign of a terminal resource of each list item record in the table, attribute, maximum quantity, with quantity, residue quantity available, threshold value and occupied information.Maximum quantity is this terminal resource quantity that system can provide altogether; Be the quantity that is taken by each application process with quantity; The residue quantity available is idle available at present terminal resource quantity; Occupied information has recorded all and has used the application process of this terminal resource, with and use the quantity of this terminal resource.
Wherein, described terminal resource comprises CPU, the network bandwidth, internal memory, demoder, demodulation multiplexer and figure etc.For non-graphic terminal resource, carry out quantitative planning and scheduling, according to the feature of the non-graphic terminal resource of difference, non-graphic terminal resource is divided into shared, exclusive type and constrained three kinds of terminal resource levels.Shared terminal resource refers to that terminal resource can dynamically adjust and distribute under each uses running status, as CPU and the network bandwidth; Exclusive type terminal resource refers to limited amount own, and is used the part that occupies by when operation, can't offer other again and use the terminal resource that uses, as internal memory etc.; Constrained terminal resource refers to the very limited terminal resource of quantity in the system, as demoder, demodulation multiplexer etc., often only there is one or two, and after being occupied by certain application, just can't offer other again and use use, can not reentry and can not " time division multiplex ".For the graphic terminal resource, carry out planning and scheduling in logic.
Wherein, described terminal resource programming dispatching, when system's generation application process priority variation or terminal resource visit generation terminal resource overload, carried out the programming dispatching of terminal resource by the terminal resource planning module:
A. non-graphic terminal resource:
(1) the various terminal resource occupancies of the initialization size that is system service occupied terminal resource, as C=Csys, M=Msys etc.;
(2) according to pressing the good application process priority list of descending sort, scan each application process successively, when all application processes have scanned, change 6);
(3) for each application process s, judge successively whether the demand of constrained and exclusive type terminal resource (decoding/demultiplexing, peripheral hardware, internal memory etc.) satisfies, if terminal resource can satisfy, change 4), otherwise, application process is labeled as " need stop ", scan next application process;
(4) judge that can shared terminal resource (CPU, the network bandwidth etc.) satisfy the application process demand, if can satisfy, then change 5), otherwise, recall a last application process t who takies this terminal resource, with the terminal resource that remaining terminal resource and t take, distribute to this two application processes according to both priority ratios;
(5) application process is labeled as " can move ", the terminal resource occupancy is updated to the value that adds after this application process, if change 3) scan next application process;
(6) scheduling planning finishes, and will plan that good application process dispatch list returns to the application process scheduler module.
B. graphic terminal resource.All application that move in the system can be shared the graphic terminal resource, displaying contents on display device.The terminal resource scheduler module need be safeguarded the logical level relation that figure shows for application process, and only in the application process of front stage operation, its figure request can be satisfied, otherwise, can be refused by the terminal resource scheduler module.Scheduling process is as follows:
(1) the terminal resource scheduler module is received the figure request of application process s, judges the priority of application process s, if application process s does not have limit priority, change (2), otherwise, change (3);
(2) get the screen position of application process s in priority list (xs, ys, ws, hs) with the position of this demand graph operation (xr, yr, wr, common factor hr) as the graphic plotting zone (xd, yd, wd, hd);
(3) position of this demand graph operation (xr, yr, wr, hr) be the graphic plotting zone (xd, yd, wd, hd);
(4) upgrade the zone (xd, yd, wd, hd) in graph of a correspondence, finish scheduling.
Wherein, the dispatch state of application process comprises in the described application process dispatch list: can move, need to suspend, need stop three kinds.
A. can move, refer to that application process has required terminal resource, can be started or recovery by the application process scheduler module, enter running status;
B. need suspend, refer to that application process need be employed the process scheduling module and suspend, enter halted state; Need stop, referring to that application process need be employed the process scheduling module and stop, discharging terminal resource, enter destroy state.
Accompanying drawing 1 is terminal resource management system figure, the present invention proposes to support the application process scheduling and terminal resource management system and method that the terminal resource scheduling combines of many application processes, utilize the user to use the historical information of application and use between handover information be that application process is dynamically set up and adjustment priority when operation; Realize the state-maintenance of each application process and the record of historical information by unified application process scheduler module, and when moving, dynamically adjust the priority of each application process according to priority policy; The terminal resource visit is finished by unified terminal resource scheduler module, monitors whole terminal resource visit behavior and terminal resource conflict situations; Terminal resource scheduler module and application process scheduler module cooperate mutually with finishing and support the preemptible terminal resource dispatching methods of operation simultaneously of using more.This method can provide a kind of effective implementation method for supporting the embedded system terminal resource managements of using operation simultaneously more.The present invention relates to application process scheduler module, two entities of terminal resource scheduler module.Wherein the user uses the historical information maintenance of application and dynamic foundation and the adjustment of priority to be finished by the application process scheduler module, and terminal resource visit, terminal resource monitoring and terminal resource planning are finished by the terminal resource scheduler module.The terminal resource scheduler module comprises that terminal resource planning, terminal resource monitoring, terminal resource distribute and four submodules of terminal resource maintenance of information.
The invention provides a kind of enforceable user and use applicating history recording of information form and method, use the information such as number of times that number of times, time and the application of application are switched to note the user; The historical information of all application is with a N*N matrix H and an one-dimension array T[N] expression, N is the sum of using in the system; H[i] [i] (i!=1) expression jumps to the number of times of using j, H[i from using i] [i] expression user uses the total degree of using i, T[i] be two tuples (fre, duration[fre]), comprise the user and use the number of times of using i and each use duration; The maintenance of historical information can be finished by following two steps:
(100) when the user begins pay close attention to use i, H[i] [i] add one;
(101) jump to when using j H[i from using i as the user] [i] add one, T[i] access times T[i] .fre adds one, last use duration T[i] .duration[fre] be the time span of this use i.
The present invention proposes a kind of enforceable application process priority of the historical information of application of using based on the user and dynamically arranges and method of adjustment.Use the historical information record of application according to the user, use the behavior of application to follow the tracks of and predict to the user, take all factors into consideration the switching rule that the user uses application, and the application message paid close attention to of active user, be that each application process is dynamically set up and adjustment priority when operation.Concrete enforcement can be with reference to following steps:
(200) calculate the transition probability matrix S that the user uses application, computing method can adopt shown in the following formula:
(201) supposing that the active user is using uses i, and then the priority decision method can adopt following strategy: the priority of using i is the highest, is Pmax, and the priority of other application is according to transition probability S[i] [j] subtract 1 successively from big to small.
When (202) application of using as the user switches, carry out priority again and calculate, enter step (201).
Application involved in the present invention must be developed according to unified interface specification, at least comprise that for starting (start), suspend (pause), recover (resume) and stop the function interface of (stop), the application process scheduler module is controlled the running status of application processes by these interfaces.
The invention provides a kind of enforceable unified terminal resource access control method, all terminal resource visits all need to be undertaken by the terminal resource scheduler module; Application process is carried out the terminal resource visit by the special interface of terminal resource distribution module, the terminal resource distribution module is according to the terminal resource request of access, obtain corresponding terminal resource state to the terminal resource monitoring module, and compare with the threshold value of terminal resource, if distribute residue available terminal stock number after the terminal resource quantity of its request greater than threshold value for application process, illustrate that terminal resource is plentiful, the terminal resource distribution module is directly distributed the terminal resource of its request for application process; Otherwise, the terminal resource overload is described, the terminal resource distribution module need be submitted to the terminal resource planning module with application process requesting terminal resource information, is carried out the programming dispatching of terminal resource by the terminal resource planning module.
The invention provides a kind of enforceable support terminal resource integrated dispatch methods of operation simultaneously of using, the state of all terminal resources is safeguarded by the terminal resource state table more.The sign of a terminal resource of each list item record in the table, attribute, maximum quantity, with quantity, residue quantity available, threshold value and occupied information.Maximum quantity is this terminal resource total quantity that system has; Be the quantity that is taken by system service and each application process with quantity; The residue quantity available is idle available at present terminal resource quantity, and it equals maximum quantity and deducts the quantity of having reserved for the limit priority application process with quantity and system; Threshold value is that system is that various terminal resources distribute the system overload measurement index of setting.Occupied information has recorded all and has used the application process of this terminal resource, with and the quantity of current this terminal resource of use; The syntactic structure of the terminal resource state table that this implementation method adopts can be as described below:
SourceList{Source0，Source1，Source2......}
Sourcei{SourceId，SourceType，SourceName，SourceTotalNum，SourceUsedNum，SourceFreeNum，SourceThreshold，SourceAllocatedList}
SourceAllocatedList{Application0，Application1，Application2......}
Applicationj{AppId，AllocatedNum}
Wherein, SourceList is the status list of all terminal resources in the system, and sourcei then is the specifying information of terminal resource i, and every element meaning is as described below:
SourceId: the unique identification of terminal resource i in system
SourceType: the type of terminal resource i
SourceName: the title of terminal resource i
SourceTotalNum: the maximum quantity of terminal resource i
SourceUsedNum: terminal resource i uses quantity
SourceFreeNum: the residue quantity available of terminal resource i
SourceThreshold: the overloading threshold of terminal resource i
SourceAllocatedList: the current application process tabulation that occupies terminal resource i, Applicationj is the specifying information of application process j, every element meaning is as described below:
The unique identification of AppId: application process j in system
The quantity of the terminal resource i that AllocatedNum: application process j has occupied
Whether (it is accurate to confirm as described in accompanying drawing 2 for terminal resource visit and state flow process! ):
When (300) system started, terminal resource status list of terminal resource maintenance of information module initialization was used for the status information of register system terminal resource, comprised maximum quantity, with quantity, residue quantity available and threshold value etc.;
When (301) moving, the application process first is to terminal resource distribution module request access terminal resource A;
(302) the terminal resource distribution module checks the state of terminal resource A, if distribute the terminal resource quantity of its request for application process after, terminal resource residue quantity available changes (303) over to greater than threshold value, otherwise, change (305) over to;
(303) the terminal resource distribution module is distributed to the use of application process first with terminal resource A by the quantity of request, and the status information of notice terminal resource monitoring module renewal terminal resource A, increases the occupied information about the application process first, changes (304) over to;
(304) the application process first is finished the terminal resource visit, discharge terminal resource A to the application of terminal resource distribution module, the terminal resource distribution module is regained terminal resource A, and the status information of notice terminal resource monitoring module renewal terminal resource A, and deletion is about the occupied information of application process first; Change (306) over to;
(305) detect the terminal resource overload, notice terminal resource planning module carries out the terminal resource programming dispatching;
(306) the terminal resource browsing process finishes.
That application process running status of the present invention comprises at least is ready, movable, suspend, destroy four kinds, switches between state and is finished by startup, time-out, recovery and shut-down operation; Described application process is switched rule and is referred to the transition probability that switches between application process.Application process state and control method thereof specifically describe as follows as shown in Figure 3:
A is ready, and after the user selected to start certain application, the application process scheduler module can make to use and enter ready state, and wait terminal resource administration module application processes is carried out terminal resource planning and control;
The B activity can make application process enter active state by startup or recovery operation, and use and enter normal workflow this moment, may use various system terminal resources;
C suspends, and can make application process enter halted state by pausing operation, this moment the application process operation suspension, but the terminal resources such as internal memory that take can not discharge, and only can discharge CPU and network bandwidth terminal resource;
D destroys, and can make application process enter destroy state by shut-down operation, and complete environment when out of service of application program this moment discharges the terminal resource that it takies.
The invention provides a kind of enforceable terminal resource programming dispatching flow process, be used for solving many application and move shared terminal resource contention scheduling problem under the scene simultaneously.When system take place to use that priority changes or during the terminal resource overload, at different terminal resource types, based on the terminal resource competition scheduling strategy of priority and flow process as shown in Figure 4, specifically describe as follows:
A. non-graphic terminal resource:
(400) the various terminal resource occupancies of the initialization size that is system service occupied terminal resource, as
M=Msys etc.;
(401) according to pressing the good application process priority list of descending sort, scan each application process successively, when all application processes have scanned, change (405);
(402) for each application process s, judge successively whether the demand of constrained and exclusive type terminal resource (decoding/demultiplexing, peripheral hardware, internal memory etc.) satisfies, if terminal resource can satisfy, change (403), otherwise, application process is labeled as " need stop ", scan next application process;
(403) judge that can shared terminal resource (CPU, the network bandwidth etc.) satisfy the application process demand, if can satisfy, then change (404), otherwise, recall a last application process t who takies this terminal resource, with the terminal resource that remaining terminal resource and t take, distribute to this two application processes according to both priority ratios;
(404) application process is labeled as " can move ", the terminal resource occupancy is updated to the value that adds after this application process, if change (402) and scan next application process;
(405) scheduling planning finishes, and will plan that good application process dispatch list returns to the application process scheduler module.
B. graphic terminal resource.All application processes of moving in the system can be shared the graphic terminal resource, displaying contents on display device.The terminal resource scheduler module need be safeguarded the logical level relation that figure shows for application process, and only in the application process of front stage operation, its figure request can be satisfied, otherwise, can be refused by the terminal resource scheduler module.Scheduling process such as accompanying drawing 5, idiographic flow is described below:
(500) the terminal resource scheduler module is received the figure request of application process s, judges the priority of application process s, if application process s does not have limit priority, change (501), otherwise, change (502);
(501) get the screen position of application process s in priority list (xs, ys, Ws, hs) with the position of this demand graph operation (xr, yr, wr, common factor hr) as the graphic plotting zone (xd, yd, wd, hd);
(502) position of this demand graph operation (xr, yr, wr, hr) be the graphic plotting zone (xd, yd, wd, hd);
(503) upgrade the zone (xd, yd, wd, hd) in graph of a correspondence, finish scheduling.
Application process scheduler module provided by the present invention is that application process is dynamically set up priority according to user's operation and system state, and user's operation and the variation of system state can cause the variation of application process priority.When application process priority changes, application process scheduler module triggering terminal scheduling of resource module is carried out terminal resource competition scheduling process again, priority height according to application process, each terminal resource is optimized distribution and scheduling, guarantees that preferentially the terminal resource of high-priority applications process distributes.Equally, when the system terminal resource status changes, when the terminal resource monitoring module is found certain terminal resource overload or conflict, also can triggering terminal scheduling of resource module carry out terminal resource competition scheduling process again.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, and on using, can extend to other modification, variation, application and embodiment, think that simultaneously all such modifications, variation, application, embodiment are within the scope of the invention.For example, the execution order of process flow diagram can be rearranged, some of them step (or standard) can delete from process flow diagram or increase, the priority decision function can redesign as required, the user behavior recorded information can be added or delete as one sees fit, and the operating process of terminal resource scheduler module and application process scheduler module also can be made suitable modification according to concrete performance.
Claims (11)
1. the embedded system terminal resource management system of application process more than a kind, this embedded system terminal resource management system comprises: application process scheduler module and terminal resource scheduler module, it is characterized in that,
Described application process scheduler module is used for using the statistical law of application to set up the dynamic priority of application process according to application type and user when many application move simultaneously; With
Described terminal resource scheduler module,
It is more and when causing terminal resource overload in this embedded system terminal resource management system or conflict to be used for the application that moves when the embedded system terminal resource management system, triggers this terminal resource scheduler module and carries out the optimization of terminal resource again and distribute and dispatch; When new application brings into operation, trigger optimization distribution and scheduling that this terminal resource scheduler module is carried out terminal resource, be described application assigned terminal resource; And when described application process priority changes, trigger optimization distribution and scheduling that this terminal resource scheduler module is carried out terminal resource, preferentially guarantee the reliability service of user's high-priority applications;
Wherein, if described application process scheduler module finds that certain application process priority changes or when having application process to withdraw from, the strategy that planning and scheduling that this application process scheduler module notifies described terminal resource scheduler module to carry out described terminal terminal resource again, described application process all provide by described terminal resource scheduler module carries out the visit of terminal terminal resource; Described terminal resource comprises: CPU, internal memory, hard disk, demoder, demodulation multiplexer and graphics engine;
Described terminal resource scheduler module further comprises:
Terminal resource planning submodule when certain described terminal terminal resource overload or conflict, realizes that competition scheduling and the optimization of this terminal resource distributes, and generates corresponding application process dispatch list;
The terminal resource monitoring submodule, terminal resource is collected the terminal terminal resource information of described embedded system when being used for system boot, sets up the status list of described terminal terminal resource, and monitors in real time, safeguards the use state of described terminal terminal resource;
The terminal resource distribution sub module is used to operating application process that the control method of terminal resource visit is provided; With
Terminal resource maintenance of information submodule is for the status list of safeguarding described terminal terminal resource.
2. the embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described application process scheduler module further comprises:
State control submodule is for the running status of the operating application process of control;
Application process information record sub module is used for the described operating application process running status of monitoring and application process switching rule in real time, and recording user uses the historical information of application process; With
Priority is set up submodule, by analysis and predictive user the demand of described operating application process is dynamically set up priority list for each application process in conjunction with the information of described application process information record sub module;
Wherein, the running status of described operating application process comprises: ready, movable, suspend and destroy.
3. the embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the information of described application process information record sub module record comprises: the time that application program is loaded, application program is at the number of times of front stage operation and each operation duration, the handover information of user's focus and comprise the transition probability that user's focus switches at least between each is used.
4. the embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes according to claim 2 is characterized in that, it is current application process definition limit priority at front stage operation that described priority is set up submodule.
5. the embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described application process switching state comprises: start, suspend, recover and stop.
6. the embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, information in the described application process priority list comprises: the ID of application process, priority, maximum quantity and application process the window's position in current screen of the various terminal resources that application needs.
7. the embedded system terminal resource management system of many application processes according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described terminal resource uses state to be determined by the residue quantity available of terminal resource, specifically comprises following two states: available and overload;
Wherein, described residual terminal resource quantity available is:
R
free=R
total-R
sys-R
app-R
resv-R
threshold
Wherein, R
Free isTerminal resource residue quantity available, R
Total isSystem terminal total resources, R
Sys isSystem service occupied terminal resource quantity, R
AppBe application process occupied terminal resource quantity, R
ResvFor the high-priority applications process is reserved terminal resource quantity, R
ThresholdBe threshold value.
8. the embedded system terminal method for managing resource of application process more than a kind, the dynamic priority that this method uses the statistical law of application to set up application process according to application type and user is realized the competition scheduling of terminal terminal resource, described method comprises:
Set up the step of the dynamic priority of application process, this step is used for when many application move simultaneously, uses the statistical law of application to set up and adjust the dynamic priority of application process according to application type and user;
The step of terminal resource scheduling when described application process priority changes, is carried out terminal resource competition scheduling process again to the terminal resource scheduling that is at war with, and preferentially guarantees the reliability service of high-priority applications;
Wherein, the step of described terminal resource scheduling also comprises: when the application that moves in the system more and when causing certain terminal terminal resource overload or conflict or as new application start or have to use and carry out terminal resource competition scheduling process when withdrawing from embedded system, again to the scheduling that is at war with of described terminal terminal resource;
Described terminal resource specifically comprises: the image resource of terminal and non-image resource;
Described terminal resource scheduling step further comprises:
When (300) system started, terminal resource status list of initialization was used for the status information of register system terminal resource, comprised maximum quantity, with quantity, residue quantity available and threshold value;
(301) system when operation, if when having several application processes to apply for terminal resource A simultaneously, has the application process request access terminal resource A of limit priority according to priority list for one of them;
(302) state of inspection terminal resource A, if distribute the terminal resource quantity of its request for application process after, terminal resource residue quantity available changes (303) over to greater than threshold value, otherwise, change (305) over to;
(303) terminal resource A is distributed to application process by the quantity of request and use, and the status information of terminal resource renewal terminal resource A, increase the occupied information about application process, change (304) over to;
(304) application process is finished the terminal resource visit, and the terminal resource application discharges terminal resource A, and terminal resource is regained terminal resource A, and the status information of terminal resource renewal terminal resource A, and deletion is about the occupied information of application process; Change (306) over to;
(305) detect the terminal resource overload, logical terminal resource carries out the terminal resource programming dispatching;
(306) the terminal resource browsing process finishes, and carries out the terminal resource scheduling according to priority list again for the application process of time priority, changes step (302) over to.
9. the embedded system terminal method for managing resource of many application processes according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the described step of setting up the dynamic priority of application process further comprises:
State control substep, this step is controlled the running status of operating application process;
Application process information record substep, this step be the described operating application process running status of monitoring and application process switching rule in real time, and record and maintenance customer use the historical information of application process;
Priority is set up substep, and this step uses the historical information of application process by analysis and predictive user the demand of described operating application process dynamically to be set up priority list for each application process according to described user, wherein,
The historical information of described application process comprises: the time that application program is loaded, application program is at the number of times of front stage operation and each operation duration, the handover information of user's focus and comprise the transition probability that user's focus switches at least between each is used;
It is current application process definition limit priority at front stage operation that described priority is set up substep;
Information in the described application process priority list comprises: the ID of application process, priority, maximum quantity and application process the window's position in current screen of the various terminal resources that application needs.
10. the embedded system terminal method for managing resource of many application processes according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the historical information of described maintenance application process specifically comprises following steps:
(100) when the user begins to pay close attention to application process i, H[i] [i] add one;
(101) when the user jumps to application process j from application process i, H[i] [j] add one, T[i] access times T[i] .fre adds one, last use duration T[i] .duration[fre] use the time span of application process i for this;
Wherein, N is the sum of all application processes in the system; H[i] [j] be a N*N matrix; T[i] be two tuples (fre, duration[fre]), comprise the user and use the number of times of using i and each use duration.
11. the embedded system terminal method for managing resource of many application processes according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described dynamic foundation and adjust the following steps that comprise of priority:
(200) calculate the transition probability matrix S that the user uses application, computing method can adopt shown in the following formula:
(201) suppose that the active user is using application process i, then the priority decision method can adopt the priority of following strategy: application process i the highest, is Pmax, and the priority of other application processes is according to transition probability S[i] [j] subtract 1 successively from big to small;
When (202) application of using as the user switches, carry out priority again and calculate, enter step (201).
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