CN102477289A - Drilling fluid - Google Patents
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- CN102477289A CN102477289A CN2010105656856A CN201010565685A CN102477289A CN 102477289 A CN102477289 A CN 102477289A CN 2010105656856 A CN2010105656856 A CN 2010105656856A CN 201010565685 A CN201010565685 A CN 201010565685A CN 102477289 A CN102477289 A CN 102477289A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling fluid, which comprises bentonite, a high temperature resistance increased cutting fluid loss agent, a high temperature resistance viscosified fluid loss agent, a shale inhibitor, hollow glass microballoon and water. The drilling fluid has the advantages that the drilling fluid with low density possesses good stability, the high resistance capability can reach 180 DEG C, the drilling fluid possesses the effects of lubrication, collapse resistance and oil gas layer protection, no fluorescence is generated, no toxic pollution is generated, the environmental protection performance is good, and the preparation method is simple and easy to carry out.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to drilling fluid, relates more specifically to a kind of water-base drilling fluid.
Background technology
The coalbed methane reservoir of China has the characteristics of low permeability, low pressure and low WS.If these characteristics have determined in the drilling completion process, not adopt an effective measure, reservoir will receive very major injury, cause permeability plugging, and methane output reduces.
Reducing drilling fluid density, and then reduce drilling fluid and invade reservoir, is the protection coalbed methane reservoir, the important measures that improve methane output.Reducing drilling fluid density generally has inflation and two kinds of technologies of foam, makes conventional drilling liquid be converted into aerated mud or foam drilling fluid.But these drilling fluids that contain a certain amount of gas in use run into following problem through regular meeting: (1) needs to use equipment such as air, increases the drilling outfit cost; (2) pulse signal decay rapidly in aerated mud causes certain difficulty to conventional MWD operation; (3) if contain oxygen in the gas, be prone to cause drill tool corrosion, even cause the on fire or blast in down-hole; (4) drilling fluid that contains gas has stronger compressibility, and its polyphasic flow characteristic is calculated to waterpower and brought big difficulty.
To aerated mud and foam drilling fluid existing problems, it is the hollow glass microballoon low density drilling fluid of density light-weight additive with the hollow glass microballoon that people have proposed.But present existing low density drilling fluid temperature resistance ability a little less than, be generally about 120 ℃, can not satisfy the requirement of deep drilling, therefore, the low density drilling fluid that is necessary to develop high temperature resistance satisfies the needs of high-temperature low-pressure strata drilling.
Summary of the invention
The low density drilling fluid that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high temperature resistance.
The low density drilling fluid of high temperature resistance of the present invention, it comprises: wilkinite, high temperature resistance increase cuts fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent, shale control agent, hollow glass microballoon, and water.
In one embodiment; Drilling fluid comprises: 1～3 weight part wilkinite, and 0.2～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent, 0.5～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent; 0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents; 10～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and surplus is water, the weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
In another embodiment; Drilling fluid comprises: 2～3 weight part wilkinites, and 0.3～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent, 0.8～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent; 0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents; 20～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and surplus is water, the weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
In another embodiment, consisting of of drilling fluid: wilkinite, high temperature resistance increase cuts fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent, shale control agent, hollow glass microballoon, and water.In another embodiment; Consisting of of this drilling fluid: 1～3 weight part wilkinite, 0.2～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent, 0.5～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent; 0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents; 10～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and surplus is water, the weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.In another embodiment; Consisting of of this drilling fluid: 2～3 weight part wilkinites, 0.3～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent, 0.8～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent; 0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents; 20～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and surplus is water, the weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
In one embodiment, wilkinite comprises sodium bentonite.In one embodiment, this sodium bentonite satisfies the requirement of the oil and gas industry standard SY/T of the People's Republic of China 5490 (sodium bentonite is used in the drilling fluid test).
In one embodiment, high temperature resistance increases and cuts fluid loss agent and comprise co-polymer of sulfonate.In another embodiment, high temperature resistance increases and cuts fluid loss agent and comprise co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 (production of Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd).
In one embodiment, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer.In another embodiment, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer LY-1 (production of Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd).
In one embodiment, shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent.This amido polyalcohols shale control agent is a cationic polymers.In another embodiment, shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 (production of Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd).
In one embodiment, hollow glass microballoon comprises the soda lime borosilicate hollow glass microballoon, and for example, model is the hollow glass microballoon (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company's production) of HGS8000, HGS10000, HGS18000 or HGS30000.
In one embodiment, the density of said drilling fluid is 0.75-0.97g/cm
3
In another aspect of this invention, the method for preparing drilling fluid is provided, has comprised:
(1) wilkinite is added to the water, aging, obtain bentonite slurry;
(2) high temperature resistance is increased cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent and join in the said bentonite slurry;
(3) add hollow glass microballoon again, obtain said drilling fluid.
The application comprises:
1. drilling fluid, it comprises:
Wilkinite,
High temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent,
High temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent,
Shale control agent,
Hollow glass microballoon and
Water.
2. 1 drilling fluid, wherein, said drilling fluid comprises:
1～3 weight part wilkinite,
0.2 increasing ,～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance cuts fluid loss agent,
0.5～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agents,
0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents,
10～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and
Surplus is a water,
The weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
3. 1 drilling fluid, wherein, said drilling fluid comprises:
2～3 weight part wilkinites,
0.3 increasing ,～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance cuts fluid loss agent,
0.8～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agents,
0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents,
20～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and
Surplus is a water,
The weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
4. each drilling fluid among the 1-3, wherein, the consisting of of said drilling fluid:
Wilkinite,
High temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent,
High temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent,
Shale control agent,
Hollow glass microballoon and
Water.
5. each drilling fluid among the 1-4, wherein, said wilkinite comprises sodium bentonite.
6. each drilling fluid among the 1-5, wherein, said high temperature resistance increases to be cut fluid loss agent and comprises co-polymer of sulfonate.
7. each drilling fluid among the 1-6, wherein, said high temperature resistance increases to be cut fluid loss agent and comprises co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2.
8. each drilling fluid among the 1-7, wherein, said high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer.
9. each drilling fluid among the 1-8, wherein, said high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer LY-1.
10. each drilling fluid among the 1-9, wherein, said shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent.
11. each drilling fluid among the 1-10, wherein, said shale control agent comprises cationic polymers.
12. each drilling fluid among the 1-11, wherein, said shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1.
13. each drilling fluid among the 1-12, wherein, said hollow glass microballoon comprises the soda lime borosilicate hollow glass microballoon.
14. each drilling fluid among the 1-13, wherein, the density of said drilling fluid is 0.75-0.97g/cm
3
15. prepare the method for each described drilling fluid among the 1-14, comprising:
(1) wilkinite is added to the water, aging, obtain bentonite slurry;
(2) high temperature resistance is increased cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent and join in the said bentonite slurry;
(3) add hollow glass microballoon again, obtain said drilling fluid.
Embodiment
To mention a large amount of terms in specification sheets below and claims, these terms are defined as has following meanings.
" optional " perhaps " randomly " mean incident or the item described thereafter and can take place or not take place, and this description comprises the situation that situation that incident takes place and incident do not take place.
As employed in whole specification sheets and claims, can use approximate language and modify and allow that any amount that change does not but cause relevant with it basic function to change representes.Therefore, the numerical value with word is modified like " pact " is not limited to accurate regulation numerical value.In some cases, said approximate language can be equivalent to measure the precision of the instrument of this numerical value.
The application's drilling fluid comprises wilkinite.The used term " wilkinite " of the application is meant with the smectite to be main moisture clay pit.Bentonitic interlayer cation kind determines bentonitic type, and interlayer cation is Na
+The time be called sodium bentonite; Interlayer cation is Ca
2+The time be called calcium bentonite; Interlayer cation is H
+The time be called hydrogen base bentonite (atlapulgite); Interlayer cation is called organobentonite during for organic cation.In the present invention, wilkinite comprises the various wilkinites that use this area, includes but not limited to sodium bentonite, calcium bentonite etc.
Generally, the character of sodium bentonite is superior to the character of calcium bentonite.The present invention preferably uses sodium bentonite.But the distribution of calcium bentonite is far extensively in sodium bentonite in the world.Sodium bentonite can also obtain through for example calcium bentonite being carried out modification except direct exploitation obtains.Calcium bentonite is carried out modification and obtains sodium bentonite adopting any method known in the art to carry out.For example, sodium bentonite can obtain through calcium bentonite is carried out sodium.
The method of sodium modified calcium betonite has a lot, mainly contains suspension method, dry blending method, wet stacking method and wet extrusion process etc.The sodium modified calcium betonite modified technique generally comprises: the calcium bentonite raw ore is provided, and fragmentation, sodium modification (extrusion etc.) through drying, ball milling, air classifying, cyclone filtration etc., can obtain the sodium bentonite product.Sodium agent commonly used has soda ash (Na
2CO
3), caustic soda (NaOH) etc.Also have report, can use NaF as sodium agent (Han Xiushan, bentonitic comprehensive development and utilization silicoaluminate (Inorg.Silicon Alumium Compound) the 4th phase in 2004 (total the 129th phase)).In addition, can also carry out the sodium of calcium bentonite with reference to the method that CN97103231.9 describes.Incorporate these documents into the application as a reference.
In a kind of embodiment of the application, the wilkinite that can be used for this drilling fluid comprises sodium bentonite, particularly satisfy the oil and gas industry standard SY/T of the People's Republic of China 5490 (drilling fluid test use sodium bentonite) requirement receive wilkinite.
Particularly, this sodium bentonite has the technical indicator shown in the following table 1.
Table 1
The used sodium bentonite of the application's drilling fluid can also be bought from various commercial sources and obtain except can obtaining through the sodium of calcium bentonite.The instance of commercially available sodium bentonite; Include but not limited to; The China's Weihe River
drilling fluid is with sodium bentonite (Weifang, Shandong China Weihe River wilkinite Group Plc), and two sincere sodium bentonites (the two really wilkinite ltds in Xinyang, Henan), drilling fluid are with sodium bentonite (Zhangjiakou safe wilkinite of perseverance Ltd) etc.
Bentonitic amount can influence rheological and building capacity of drilling fluid etc. in the drilling fluid.Bentonitic amount is excessive, and drilling fluid sticking cuts rapid increase, and mud cake thickens, and causes down hole problem easily.Bentonitic amount is too little, and sticking the cutting easily of drilling fluid sharply descends, and dehydration increases; Also cause system sedimentation stability variation easily.In one embodiment, the amount of wilkinite in drilling fluid is 1～3 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the amount of wilkinite in drilling fluid is 1～2 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the amount of wilkinite in drilling fluid is 2～3 weight parts, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.
The application's drilling fluid comprises fluid loss agent, wherein uses high temperature resistance to increase simultaneously to cut fluid loss agent and high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent as this fluid loss agent.Fluid loss agent is important for the filter loss of control drilling fluid.Fluid loss agent has the infiltrative effect of the filter cake of reduction, can control filter loss well.The effect of fluid loss agent mainly shows as: protective colloid effect; Drilling fluid medium clay soil particulate hydration shell thickness reduces filter loss when increasing drilling well; Improve filtrating viscosity, reduce filter loss; The fluid loss agent molecule itself has the plug-hole effect.
The term that the application uses " high temperature resistance increase cut fluid loss agent " is meant to have higher temperature resistance ultimate temperature (for example for more than at least 160 ℃ or 180 ℃) and can increase the fluid loss agent of drilling fluid shearing stress (moving shearing stress and/or quiet shearing stress).
In one embodiment, used high temperature resistance increases the temperature resistance ultimate temperature of cutting fluid loss agent and is at least 120 ℃, is preferably at least 150 ℃, more preferably at least 180 ℃, is more preferably at least 200 ℃ and be more preferably at least 220 ℃.
The used term " high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent " of the application is meant and has higher temperature resistance ultimate temperature (for example for more than at least 160 ℃ or 180 ℃) and can increase the fluid loss agent of drilling fluid viscosity.
In one embodiment, the temperature resistance ultimate temperature of used high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent is at least 120 ℃, is preferably at least 150 ℃, more preferably at least 180 ℃, is more preferably at least 200 ℃ and be more preferably at least 220 ℃.
The application's drilling fluid uses high temperature resistance to increase to cut fluid loss agent and high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent as main flow pattern regulator and filtration control agent simultaneously, has higher temperature resistance ability, reaches 180 ℃, simultaneously broad application temperature range.
In one embodiment, used high temperature resistance increases and cuts fluid loss agent and comprise co-polymer of sulfonate.In another embodiment, used high temperature resistance increases and cuts fluid loss agent and comprise co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 (deriving from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd).
This co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 (deriving from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd) is by acrylic amide, vinylformic acid, 2-acryloyl-oxy butyl sulfonic acid (AOBS), epoxy chloropropane and ring texture cationic monomer multipolymer through being polymerized under action of evocating.This co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2 has following characteristic: the leak-off effect of falling that 1. has very strong increase shear force (yield value and/or gel strength); 2. effective improvement of mud cake suppresses clay dispersion; 3. have good thermostability, temperature resistance reaches 200 ℃; 4. anti-salt, anticalcium magnesium ability are strong, can be used for fresh water, salt solution, saturated brine and seawater drill in fluid; Help stabilizing borehole, reduce the hole diameter amplification degree; 5. effectively control solid load, the protection hydrocarbon zone; 6. good with the treatment agent compatibleness.
In one embodiment, used high temperature resistance increases that to cut the amount of fluid loss agent in drilling fluid be 0.2～0.5 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, used high temperature resistance increases that to cut the amount of fluid loss agent in drilling fluid be 0.3～0.5 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, used high temperature resistance increases that to cut the amount of fluid loss agent in drilling fluid be 0.2～0.3 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.
In one embodiment, used high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer.In another embodiment, used high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer fluid loss agent LY-1 (deriving from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd).
This alkene monomer polymer fluid loss agent LY-1 is low-molecular-weight alkene monomer polymer, is formed by vinyl cyanide (vinyl monomer), caustic soda, plant wet goods pyroreaction.Owing on carbochain, introduced adsorption group and aquation groups such as carboxamido-group, itrile group, hydroxyl, hydroxyl sodium base and sodium sulfonate group, structurally guaranteed the ability of temperature resistance and anti-inorganic salt preferably.The leak-off effect of falling of alkene monomer polymer fluid loss agent LY-1 at first is through the synergy between each group, has brought thick hydration shell to clay particle, has improved the electro kinetic potential of clay particle, has guaranteed to form the fine and close good mud cake of compressibility.Next is to have improved mud filtrate viscosity, has reached the purpose of falling dehydration.Alkene monomer polymer fluid loss agent LY-1 has that less, the anti-salt of dosage is effective, high-temperature resistance is strong, fall characteristics such as filtration effect is obvious.
In one embodiment, the used amount of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent in drilling fluid is 0.5～1.0 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the used amount of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent in drilling fluid is 0.8～1.0 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the used amount of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent in drilling fluid is 0.5～0.8 weight part, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.
The application increases two kinds of fluid loss agent-high temperature resistances and cuts the combination of fluid loss agent and high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and use; As main flow pattern regulator and filtration control agent; Thereby make this drilling fluid have the characteristic that significantly is superior to the prior art drilling fluid; For example, the temperature resistance ability is strong, can reach 180 ℃; Broad application temperature range; And filtration reduction is good.In one embodiment, said high temperature resistance increases to be cut fluid loss agent and is selected from co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2, and the high temperature resistance tackify falls the leak-off profit and is selected from alkene monomer polymer LY-1, all derives from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd.
The application's drilling fluid comprises shale control agent.Shale is meant the rock that clay content is high, and shale and water are met and promptly caused clay swelling and/or problems such as dispersion and slump in drilling process, therefore need treatment agent to suppress.Shale control agent is commonly called as anti-collapse dose, is meant the aquation that mainly is used for suppressing contained clay mineral in the shale, expansion, Decomposition etc., to prevent the treatment agent of well slough.
Can be used for shale control agent of the present invention and comprise various shale control agent well known by persons skilled in the art.In one embodiment, the shale control agent (anti-collapse dose) of drilling fluid use comprises following two big types:
1, inorganic shale control agent for example comprises gypsum, saltcake, silicate, carbonate, salt of wormwood, various sylvite, ammonium salt etc.;
2, organic shale control agent for example comprises (1) pitch class: like oxidized bitumen, sulfonated gilsonite, cation-modified pitch, emulsified bitumen etc.;
(2) silicone based: like trichloromethyl silane, fluosilicic (SF) and modification preparation thereof, humic acid Si is mixture etc.;
(3) epoxide polymer: like PEP-101, propylene oxide-polystyrene copolymer etc.;
(4) polymerization alcohols: like Z 150PH, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL etc.;
(5) polymeric amide and polynitriles class: like SEPIGEL 305, polyacrylonitrile etc.;
(6) humic-acid kind: like humic acids acid amides, potassium humate, humic acid Si;
(7) other synthetic polymers or multipolymer.
In one embodiment, shale control agent comprises potassium, ammonium, calcium salt of gypsum, silicate, lime, various sylvite, ammonium salt, various pitch articles and superpolymer etc.
In another embodiment, shale control agent comprises cardo type polymer such as polyoxyethylene glycol, W 166, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol etc.The mechanism of action of this cardo type polymer shale control agent is under ST, and they can combine soluble in water with water through hydrogen bond.But after FT is elevated to certain numerical value, along with the weakening of hydrogen bond, and cardo type polymer is separated out, stick to the shale surface, shutoff shale hole reduces the touch opportunity of shale with water, and plays stable shale effect.
In one embodiment, can be used for shale control agent of the present invention and comprise the amine shale control agent.In another embodiment; Shale control agent comprises that for example Zhong Hanyi etc. is at (Zhong Hanyi etc., amine shale control agent characteristics and progress, oil drilling technology; The 38th the 1st phase of volume; The 104-108 page or leaf, in January, 2010) the middle various amine shale control agents of describing, comprise ammonium positively charged ion, quaternary ammonium salt, polyamino acid, polyhydroxy alkyl ammonium salt, diamines, polyethoxye diamines, polyether diamine etc.The amine shale control agent can comprise; Monovalent cation amine suppressor factor (for example ammonium chloride, trolamine ammonio methacrylate etc.); Cationization amine suppressor factor (for example oxyethyl group diamines, polyethyleneimine: amine salt etc.); Polymkeric substance quaternary ammonium suppressor factor (for example gather trolamine methyl quaternary amine, polycation gathers imines etc.), or the like.Incorporate the document into the application as a reference.
In preferred embodiment, shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent.Amido polyalcohols shale control agent is a cationic polymers.In another embodiment, shale control agent is selected from amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 (deriving from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd).
This amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 (deriving from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd) is a kind of high performance water-based drilling fluid shale control agent.Because introduced amine compound in the molecular chain, thereby given its better shale inhibition, its mechanism of anti caving is different from common polyether product; It mainly is to lean on special construction firmly to be adsorbed on the clay; Reduce the clay seam spacing, thereby stop water to get into the stratum, play the effect of stabilizing borehole.Has following characteristic: 1. have good shale inhibition, effectively prevent bit balling, be suitable for various strong water sensitivities and other bad ground; 2. have good lubricity, can be used for orientation well and horizontal well; 3. anti-salt, calcium, magnesium ability are strong, can be applicable to fresh water, salt solution, saturated brine and seawater drill in fluid; 4. high temperature resistance can use in the deep-well ultra deep well; 5. nontoxic, readily biodegradable help environmental protection; 6. freezing point is low, cold-resistant, can be applicable to cold district; 7. protect hydrocarbon zone.
In one embodiment, the amount of shale control agent is 0.5～1.0 weight part in the drilling fluid, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the amount of shale control agent is 0.5～0.8 weight part in the drilling fluid, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the amount of shale control agent is 0.6～1.0 weight part in the drilling fluid, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.
The application's drilling fluid comprises hollow glass microballoon.In the application's drilling fluid, use hollow glass microballoon can reduce the density of drilling fluid, alleviate its weight, thereby obtain low-density drilling fluid.Hollow glass microballoon varies in size according to particle diameter, wall thickness, and its real density is at 0.1～0.7g/cm
3Between, 0.12～0.5g/cm for example
3, particle diameter can be selected between 1～500 micron as required.
In one embodiment; The hollow glass microballoon that is used for the application's drilling fluid is selected from the soda lime borosilicate hollow glass microballoon; The staple of this product is a soda lime borosilicate glass; Granularity is 10-250 micron (a preferred 15-135 micron), and wall thickness is the 0.5-4 micron, and real density is 0.125～0.6 gram/cubic centimetre.
In another embodiment, the instance of soda lime borosilicate hollow glass microballoon comprises that model is the hollow glass microballoon of HGS8000, HGS10000, HGS18000 or HGS30000, is produced by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company.
In one embodiment, the amount of hollow glass microballoon is the 10-30 weight part in the drilling fluid, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the amount of hollow glass microballoon is the 10-20 weight part in the drilling fluid, based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.In another embodiment, the amount of hollow glass microballoon is the 20-30 weight part in the drilling fluid, and 20-25 weight part for example is based on the drilling fluid of 100 weight parts.
The application's drilling fluid also comprises water.For the not special restriction of the used water of the application's drilling fluid, can use the normally used various water in drilling fluid field, comprise for example river, lake water, underground water, tap water, deionized water, seawater and salt solution etc.
In one embodiment, consisting of of drilling fluid: wilkinite, high temperature resistance increase cuts fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent, shale control agent, hollow glass microballoon, and water.In the preferred version of this embodiment, each component each embodiment as described above limits, wherein above described each embodiment can be applied to this scheme either alone or in combination.
Particularly, in one embodiment, the consisting of of drilling fluid: 1～3 weight part wilkinite; 0.2 increasing ,～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance cuts fluid loss agent; 0.5～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agents, 0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agent, 10～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons; And surplus is water, and the weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
The density of the application's drilling fluid is lower, belongs to low-density drilling fluid.In one embodiment, the density of drilling fluid is 0.75-0.97g/cm
3In another embodiment, the density of drilling fluid is 0.80-0.95g/cm
3
The temperature resistance ability of the application's drilling fluid is strong, can at high temperature use.In one embodiment, the temperature resistance ultimate temperature of drilling fluid is at least 160 ℃.In another embodiment, the temperature resistance ultimate temperature of drilling fluid is at least 180 ℃.In another embodiment, the temperature resistance ultimate temperature of drilling fluid is at least 200 ℃.
The application's drilling fluid can prepare according to following method:
(1) wilkinite is added to the water, aging, obtain bentonite slurry;
(2) high temperature resistance is increased cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent and join in the said bentonite slurry;
(3) add hollow glass microballoon again, obtain said drilling fluid.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the used water of preparation bentonite slurry can be the used whole water yields of drilling fluid.Perhaps, be described below, a part of water is used to disperse wilkinite, prepares bentonite slurry; And be used for disperseing and/or the dissolving high temperature resistance increases and cuts fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and/or shale control agent with a part of water.In one embodiment, the water yield that is used to disperse wilkinite to prepare bentonite slurry accounts for the 1-100wt% of the total amount of drilling fluid institute water, for example 10-90wt%, perhaps 30-70wt%.
During the preparation bentonite slurry, can wear out through leaving standstill the dispersion-s of wilkinite in water.In one embodiment, digestion time can be 1-72 hour, for example 12-24 hour, and perhaps 24-36 hour.
In above-mentioned preparation method, increase the not special restriction of the adding mode of cutting fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent for high temperature resistance.
In one embodiment, can high temperature resistance be increased and cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent and directly join in the bentonite slurry.In this embodiment, increase the not special restriction of the addition sequence of cutting fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent, can adopt any suitable order to add for high temperature resistance.
In another embodiment, can be in advance high temperature resistance be increased and cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent and mix, then the mixture that obtains is joined bentonite slurry.In another embodiment, can be in advance high temperature resistance be increased any two kinds of cutting in fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and the shale control agent and mix, then with this mixture and remaining a kind of joining in the bentonite slurry.
In another embodiment; Can high temperature resistance be increased and cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and/or shale control agent and disperse in advance and/or be dissolved in a certain amount of water, and then this dispersion-s or solution and remaining component (if existence) are joined in the bentonite slurry.In this embodiment, suitably select to be used to disperse and/or to dissolve high temperature resistance increase the water yield of cutting fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and/or shale control agent, make the total amount of water satisfy following the requirement: the total weight parts of drilling fluid is 100 weight parts.In one embodiment, be used to disperse and/or dissolve high temperature resistance and increase the 1-95wt% that the water yield of cutting fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and/or shale control agent accounts for Total Water, for example 10-85wt%.In another embodiment, this water yield accounts for the 20-80wt% of Total Water.
The application's drilling fluid can prepare under all temps condition, as long as this temperature does not influence the performance of this drilling fluid nocuously.In one embodiment, be handled easily and cost consideration, carry out the preparation of this drilling fluid in room temperature (or normal temperature).
Usually, when mixing and/or adding each component, need stir, so that each component is mixed and/or is uniformly dispersed.Stirring can use common known mode of those skilled in the art or device to carry out.For example, in use has jar or the container of whisking appliance, mix and/or add.Perhaps, can use the mode of manual stirring to mix and/or add.Select stirring velocity, make stirring can not influence the character of drilling fluid nocuously, for example can not make that hollow glass microballoon breaks.
The application's high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid has good stability, and the preparation method is simple to operate, realizes easily.
The application's drilling fluid also has strong restraining effect except having strong, the low density advantage of aforesaid temperature resistance ability, help protecting reservoir; Caving-preventing ability is strong, helps wellbore stability; Simultaneously, no fluorescence helps using in prospect pit; And the treatment agent kind is few, and prescription and preparation technology are simple, and cost is low, and is easy to implement; Also have outstanding lubricity simultaneously, nontoxicity is polluted, good environmental protection.The application's drilling fluid can be widely used in various fields, and for example oil drilling, coal-seam gas drilling well etc. particularly are applicable to various deep drillings.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, but should not be considered as the present invention is limited by following specific examples.Components contents is represented with weight among each embodiment.
Raw material
In following examples, its raw material source is following:
Wilkinite is sodium bentonite, meets the regulation of " sodium bentonite is used in the test of the oil and gas industry standard SY5490-93 of the People's Republic of China drilling fluid ".
High temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent DSP-2; It is a co-polymer of sulfonate; Molecular weight 3,000,000; Used principal monomer acrylic amide, vinylformic acid, 2-acryloyl-oxy butyl sulfonic acid (AOBS), epoxy chloropropane and ring texture cationic monomer during preparation derives from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd.
High temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1, it is an alkene monomer polymer, molecular weight 1,000,000, principal monomer used during preparation is a vinyl cyanide, derives from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd.
Amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1, molecular weight 2000, principal monomer used during preparation is oxyethane, propylene oxide and quadrol, derives from Shandong De Shunyuan Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd.
Hollow glass microballoon derives from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, and model has HGS8000, HGS10000, HGS18000 and HGS30000.
In following examples, if not explanation in addition, the consumption of water makes that the total weight parts of drilling fluid is 100 weight parts, and used water is tap water; The preparation process of drilling fluid is carried out in room temperature.
Embodiment 1
2 parts of wilkinites are added to the water, stir 30min, static aging 24h; Under whipped state; 0.2 part of high temperature resistance increased cut fluid loss agent DSP-2,1.0 parts of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1 and 0.5 part of amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 and join successively in the bentonite slurry for preparing; Stir 10min; Add 10 parts of hollow glass microballoon HGS8000 then, continue to stir 20min, promptly get the high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment 2
2 parts of wilkinites are added to the water, stir 30min, static aging 24h; Under whipped state; 0.5 part of high temperature resistance increased cut fluid loss agent DSP-2,0.5 part of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1 and 0.5 part of amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 and join successively in the bentonite slurry for preparing; Stir 10min; Add 20 parts of hollow glass microballoon HGS8000 then, continue to stir 20min, promptly get the high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment 3
1 part of wilkinite is added to the water, stirs 30min, static aging 24h; Under whipped state; 0.5 part of high temperature resistance increased cut fluid loss agent DSP-2,0.8 part of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1 and 1.0 parts of amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 and join successively in the bentonite slurry for preparing; Stir 10min; Add 30 parts of hollow glass microballoon HGS8000 then, continue to stir 20min, promptly get the high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment 4
1 part of wilkinite is added to the water, stirs 30min, static aging 24h; Under whipped state; 0.5 part of high temperature resistance increased cut fluid loss agent DSP-2,0.8 part of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1 and 1.0 parts of amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 and join successively in the bentonite slurry for preparing; Stir 10min; Add 30 parts of hollow glass microballoon HGS10000 then, continue to stir 20min, promptly get the high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment 5
3 parts of wilkinites are added to the water, stir 30min, static aging 24h; Under whipped state; 0.2 part of high temperature resistance increased cut fluid loss agent DSP-2,0.8 part of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1 and 1.0 parts of amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 and join successively in the bentonite slurry for preparing; Stir 10min; Add 10 parts of hollow glass microballoon HGS18000 then, continue to stir 20min, promptly get the high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment 6
3 parts of wilkinites are added to the water, stir 30min, static aging 24h; Under whipped state; 0.5 part of high temperature resistance increased cut fluid loss agent DSP-2,0.5 part of high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent LY-1 and 1.0 parts of amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1 and join successively in the bentonite slurry for preparing; Stir 10min; Add 20 parts of hollow glass microballoon HGS30000 then, continue to stir 20min, promptly get the high temperature resistance low density drilling fluid.
The result
According to above-mentioned testing method, the drilling fluid of the foregoing description is tested, obtain the The performance test results of following table 2-4.
The The performance test results of table 2 drilling fluid
The The performance test results of table 3 drilling fluid
The The performance test results of table 4 drilling fluid
More than each the table in, ρ representes density, AV representes AV, PV representes PV, YP representes yield value, FL representes filter loss, FL
HTHPExpression high temperature and high pre ssure filtration, anti-swollen rate are represented the ability that suppresses bentonite inflated.The result that the drilling fluid that " room temperature " expression is deposited room temperature in the remarks is measured, the result of " 180 ℃/16h " expression to behind 180 ℃ of drilling fluids after aging 16 hours cool to room temperature again, measuring.
More than each the table in, ρ, AV, PV, YP, FL and FL
HTHPAccording to GB/T 16783-1997 " water-base drilling fluid on-the-spot test " measure.
The definition and the testing method of anti-bang rate are following:
(1) take by weighing (105 ± 3) ℃ down the drilling fluid test of baking 4h pack in the shale expansion tube with sodium bentonite 10.00g; On pressing machine, add 4MPa pressure; And keep 5min, and take off and be installed on the shale expansion appearance, measure expansion that zero(ppm) water and drilling fluid soak rock core 7h respectively highly.
(2) calculate
In the formula: Y---anti-swollen rate, %;
h
1---rock core expands highly behind the distilled water immersion, mm;
h
2---drilling fluid soaks the back rock core and expands highly, mm.
Data by table 2-4 can find out, above-mentioned drilling fluid is approaching 180 ℃ of various performance datas and its data that when room temperature is deposited, record that record after aging 16 hours, does not have considerable change.This shows that the application's drilling fluid has good temperature resistance ability, and the temperature resistance ability is strong, can be at 180 ℃ high temperature tolerance long time, and the deterioration on the performance does not take place.
Simultaneously, the filter loss FL of above-mentioned drilling fluid is very low, and this anti-leak-off property of drilling fluid that shows the application is fine.
In addition, the anti-swollen rate of above-mentioned drilling fluid is very high, all can reach more than 90%, and this shows that the application's drilling fluid has good inhibition, and caving-preventing ability is strong.
Above result shows that the application's drilling fluid has excellent performance: density is low, at 0.80-0.95g/cm
3Between, be suitable as low density drilling fluid and use; The temperature resistance ability is strong, can reach 180 ℃; Also have excellent anti-leak-off property, anti-collapse property simultaneously.
Incorporate the application at this document with all references.
Though described the present invention with reference to embodiment, clearly it can change in many ways.Should think this variation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all are this to those skilled in the art's obvious variation form also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. drilling fluid, it comprises:
Wilkinite,
High temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent,
High temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent,
Shale control agent,
Hollow glass microballoon and
Water.
2. the drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein, said drilling fluid comprises:
1～3 weight part wilkinite,
0.2 increasing ,～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance cuts fluid loss agent,
0.5～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agents,
0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents,
10～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and
Surplus is a water,
The weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
3. the drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein, said drilling fluid comprises:
2～3 weight part wilkinites,
0.3 increasing ,～0.5 weight part high temperature resistance cuts fluid loss agent,
0.8～1.0 weight part high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agents,
0.5～1.0 weight part shale control agents,
20～30 weight part hollow glass microballoons, and
Surplus is a water,
The weight part of wherein said drilling fluid adds up to 100 weight parts.
4. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-3, wherein, the consisting of of said drilling fluid:
Wilkinite,
High temperature resistance increases cuts fluid loss agent,
High temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent,
Shale control agent,
Hollow glass microballoon and
Water.
5. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-4, wherein, said wilkinite comprises sodium bentonite.
6. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-5, wherein, said high temperature resistance increases to be cut fluid loss agent and comprises co-polymer of sulfonate.
7. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-6, wherein, said high temperature resistance increases to be cut fluid loss agent and comprises co-polymer of sulfonate fluid loss agent DSP-2.
8. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-7, wherein, said high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer.
9. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-8, wherein, said high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent comprises alkene monomer polymer LY-1.
10. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-9, wherein, said shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent.
11. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-10, wherein, said shale control agent comprises cationic polymers.
12. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-11, wherein, said shale control agent comprises amido polyalcohols shale control agent AP-1.
13. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-12, wherein, said hollow glass microballoon comprises the soda lime borosilicate hollow glass microballoon.
14. each drilling fluid among the claim 1-13, wherein, the density of said drilling fluid is 0.75-0.97g/cm
3
15. prepare the method for each described drilling fluid among the claim 1-14, comprising:
(1) wilkinite is added to the water, aging, obtain bentonite slurry;
(2) high temperature resistance is increased cut fluid loss agent, high temperature resistance tackify fluid loss agent and shale control agent and join in the said bentonite slurry;
(3) add hollow glass microballoon again, obtain said drilling fluid.
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| CN103013470A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Strong-inhibition drilling fluid system |
| CN103254879A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-21 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Composition for anti-collapse drilling fluid capable of reducing collapse pressure, anti-collapse drilling fluid and anti-collapse method |
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| CN104449599A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Anti-swelling agent for clay |
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| CN110330957A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-15 | 济源市宏鑫实业有限公司 | A kind of oil base blocks fluid loss additive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115403786B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-09-19 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Humic acid shale inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120530 |