CN1024726C - Electric double layer capacitor - Google Patents

Electric double layer capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1024726C
CN1024726C CN91101106A CN91101106A CN1024726C CN 1024726 C CN1024726 C CN 1024726C CN 91101106 A CN91101106 A CN 91101106A CN 91101106 A CN91101106 A CN 91101106A CN 1024726 C CN1024726 C CN 1024726C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
electrode
layer capacitor
conductive resin
resin membrane
polarizable electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN91101106A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1054504A (en
Inventor
仓林研
土屋善信
木藤诚一路
中西正典
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of CN1054504A publication Critical patent/CN1054504A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1024726C publication Critical patent/CN1024726C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
    • H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/66—Current collectors
    • H01G11/70—Current collectors characterised by their structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/66—Current collectors
    • H01G11/72—Current collectors specially adapted for integration in multiple or stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
    • H01G11/80—Gaskets; Sealings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

An electric double layer capacitor has a pair of polarized electrodes in the form of electrode bodies each comprising a porous sintered body, and a pair of current collectors for collecting electric charges stored in the polarized electrodes, the current collectors being in the form of electrically conductive films. The electrically conductive films have surfaces dissolved by a solvent and joined to the electrode bodies with dissolved portions of the electrically conductive films being present in pores of the electrode bodies. The polarized electrodes and the current collectors are held in stable contact with each other, with a reduced contact resistance therebetween. The electric double layer capacitor thus has a small internal resistance.

Description

Electric double layer capacitor
The present invention relates to a kind of utilization and form the principle of electric double layer, double charge layer capacitor with big electrostatic capacitance amount by the interface between active carbon and the electrolyte.
Recently, developed large value capacitor, and it has been widely used in microcomputer and integrated circuit (IC) memory based on the electric double layer principle as electronic system memory ready power supply.
For example, at United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 536, a kind of such double charge layer capacitor is disclosed in No. 963 specifications.Disclosed double charge layer capacitor comprises a frame shape sealing gasket, the a pair of polarizing electrode made from activated carbon particles that is placed in the sealing gasket, be placed on the division board between the polarizing electrode, and a pair ofly be installed in the apparent surface of described polarizing electrode respectively and have the collector electrode of the peripheral edge that is engaged in sealing gasket in order to prevent that electronics from moving between electrode.Polarizing electrode is the pasty electrode of being made by the condensing suspension of Powdered or granular active carbon and a kind of electrolyte mixture.The problem that has the internal resistance reduce this double charge layer capacitor with pasty electrode.That is, the interior resistance of double charge layer capacitor is subjected to the influence of the contact resistance of active carbon of polarizing electrode and the contact resistance between collector electrode and the polarizing electrode very big.Therefore, be the internal resistance that reduces polarizing electrode and the contact resistance between collector electrode and polarizing electrode, each elementary cell of double charge layer capacitor should remain under the pressure at right angle, makes the particle of pasty state active carbon be in good mutual electric contact state.Though conventional double charge layer capacitor depends on the kind of the size of size, raw material of wood-charcoal material particle of electrode or used electrolyte but should be maintained at about 100Kg/cm to the required pressure that adds of each elementary cell 2Under the pressure.In the double charge layer capacitor that formerly has, make this unit remain on pressured state on the sealing gasket by making capacitor case distortion or collector electrode being engaged in firmly.If prepare a double charge layer capacitor is used as large value capacitor, for example,, then must increase the cross-sectional area of elementary cell electrode in order to the power supply of CD-ROM drive motor.Therefore, put on also necessary increase of pressure of this elementary cell.Yet, increase pressure and can cause some practical problems, such as to the selection of the device of exerting pressure with to the high rigidity requirement of shell that elementary cell is housed.
For solving the problem of above-mentioned pasty electrode, the big double charge layer capacitor of being made by carbon powder and the metal powder sintered electrode body that forms that electrolyte is inertia of a kind of surface area is disclosed in Japan's special permission communique clear 54-241000 number.Disclosed double charge layer capacitor is to construct like this in this communique, be connected with cased sintered electrode with lead, this lead connects the wall of shell and takes out, take out the electric charge of in described sintered electrode, storing by this lead, and conventional double charge layer capacitor is to take out the electric charge that polarizing electrode is stored from the collector electrode that polarizing electrode contacts configuration up and down, so the contact resistance that how to reduce between polarizing electrode and the collector electrode is one of problem.
By the polarizing electrode of sintered body structure and engaging of collector electrode, generally adopt method shown in Fig. 3 (a) and (b), (c).Method shown in Fig. 3 (a), the collector electrode 60 that conductive resin membrane is constituted contacts with polarizing electrode 50 separately, because contact resistance is big between the two, contact is unstable, so the problem that exists the capacitor internal resistance to increase.Method shown in Fig. 3 (b), to be bonded on the polarizing electrode 50 by the collector electrode 60 usefulness electrically conducting adhesives 58 that conductive resin membrane constitutes, with earlier figures 3(a) shown in method compare, contact is stable, but because of having got involved adhesive layer in the interface between polarizing electrode and the collector electrode, so the contact resistance that reduces between polarizing electrode 50 and the collector electrode 60 is limited.Method shown in Fig. 3 (c), since the collector electrode 60 that conductive resin membrane constitutes by hot press on polarizing electrode 50, reduced the contact resistance of polarizing electrode and inter-collector, but this equipment needs for example 10 minutes hot pressing time, and then has the problem of conductive resin membrane generation fold breakage as failing to pressurize equably.
The objective of the invention is in utilizing the double charge layer capacitor of forming by active carbon and electrolyte interface, make the polarizing electrode that constitutes by sintered body and the contact stabilization of collector electrode, a kind of contact resistance that reduces is provided, reduces the double charge layer capacitor of capacitor internal resistance.
According to the present invention, in its one side pair of electrodes positioned opposite to each other that constitutes by the powder sintered porous sintered body that goes out of micro activated carbon particle, be arranged at the division board between this pair of electrodes body, the sealing gasket of this electrode body and demarcation strip is housed, in double charge layer capacitor that described pair of electrodes body another side engages respectively and the edge engages with described sealing gasket collector electrode is formed, described collector electrode is made of conductive resin membrane, by the composition surface of this conductive resin membrane of dissolution with solvents and described electrode body, thereby the double charge layer capacitor that provides electrode body to contact with conductive resin membrane in the electrode body opening is provided this dissolved conductive resin membrane part.
Other purpose of the present invention and feature can be clearer by following explanation.
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing that double charge layer capacitor one embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Fig. 2 illustrates the key diagram that engages between the electrode body that constitutes double charge layer capacitor of the present invention and the collector electrode;
Fig. 3 (a) and (b), (c) illustrate the key diagram that formation has the contact condition of the electrode body of double charge layer capacitor and collector electrode earlier.
Below, specify the present invention according to illustrated embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing that double charge layer capacitor one embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In figure, the 10, the 10th, its one side pair of electrodes body positioned opposite to each other, for example the micro activated carbon particle powder with average grain diameter 20 μ m is tabular porous sintered body by the sintering equipment sinter molding, is immersed in the electrolyte of dilute sulfuric acid etc. and constitutes polarizing electrode.
20,20 is the collector electrode that combines respectively with these polarizing electrode 10,10 another sides, and for example, the conductive resin membrane that is formed by the synthetic resin or the rubber mix of the powder of electric conducting materials such as charcoal and polyisobutene etc. constitutes.Again, this conductive resin membrane be by organic solvent for example the raw material of dissolving such as toluene, dimethylbenzene formed, dissolved by organic solvents such as toluene, dimethylbenzene 18 with the composition surface of described electrode body 10 as shown in Figure 2, with electrode body 10 by on the composition surface that is pressed in this dissolving, solvent evaporation and firmly engage this electrode body.Conductive resin membrane of Jie Heing and electrode body like this, because electrode body is formed by porous sintered body, so immersing in the hole of porous sintered body, the part of the conductive resin membrane of dissolving is engaged, the contact area of electrode body and collector electrode increases, both stable engagement states of getting back had both been reduced to electrically contact resistance between the two.
The 30th, the adhesive-bonded fabric that the demarcation strip that is provided with between the described polarizing electrode 10,10 for example is made of porous polypropylene be immersed in decide in the electrolyte, ion can move by preventing electronics.
The 40th, the cyclic sealing gasket that the electro-insulating rubber of polarizing electrode 10,10 and demarcation strip 30 or synthetic resin etc. constitute is housed, its top and bottom engage with the periphery of adhesive with described collector electrode 20,20.
Double charge layer capacitor of the present invention as above, its electrode body that constitutes polarizing electrode is made of porous sintered body, and collection storage is made of conductive resin membrane at the collector electrode of the electric charge of polarizing electrode, the composition surface dissolution with solvents of this conductive resin membrane and aforementioned electric polar body, the part of the conductive resin membrane of this dissolving immerses in the electrode body opening electrode body is engaged with conductive resin membrane, after the solvent evaporation drying, so because both engagement states are firm and both contact resistances reduce to obtain the little double charge layer capacitor of internal resistance.
Again, according to the present invention, owing to electrode body is engaged by dissolution with solvents with the conductive resin membrane that forms collector electrode, so handling ease need not special installation, and engaging time also just makes the time of solvent evaporation, so can firmly both be engaged.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of double charge layer capacitor, it comprises: constitute by the powder sintered porous sintered body that goes out of micro activated carbon particle, its one side a pair of polarizable electrode positioned opposite to each other, be arranged on the demarcation strip between this a pair of polarizable electrode, the sealing gasket of this polarizable electrode and demarcation strip is housed, engage respectively with described a pair of polarizable electrode another side and collector electrode that edge and described sealing gasket join, described current collection is made of conductive resin membrane, and this double charge layer capacitor is characterised in that:
The conductive resin membrane of this formation collector electrode and the composition surface of aforementioned polarizable electrode are dissolved by solvent, and the part of the conductive resin membrane of this dissolving immerses in the polarizable electrode hole, thereby polarizable electrode is engaged with conductive resin membrane.
2, double charge layer capacitor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described solvent is an organic solvent, and described conductive resin membrane is formed by the raw material that is dissolvable in water above-mentioned organic solvent.
CN91101106A 1990-02-20 1991-02-20 Electric double layer capacitor Expired - Fee Related CN1024726C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2039499A JP2840780B2 (en) 1990-02-20 1990-02-20 Electric double layer capacitor
JP39499/90 1990-02-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1054504A CN1054504A (en) 1991-09-11
CN1024726C true CN1024726C (en) 1994-05-25

Family

ID=12554740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN91101106A Expired - Fee Related CN1024726C (en) 1990-02-20 1991-02-20 Electric double layer capacitor

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5099398A (en)
EP (1) EP0443825B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2840780B2 (en)
KR (1) KR920000094A (en)
CN (1) CN1024726C (en)
CA (1) CA2036583C (en)
DE (1) DE69112448T2 (en)

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DE69400568T2 (en) * 1993-11-26 1997-02-20 Nec Corp Manufacturing process of a solid electrolytic capacitor
US5621607A (en) * 1994-10-07 1997-04-15 Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. High performance double layer capacitors including aluminum carbon composite electrodes
US5862035A (en) * 1994-10-07 1999-01-19 Maxwell Energy Products, Inc. Multi-electrode double layer capacitor having single electrolyte seal and aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth electrodes
US6233135B1 (en) 1994-10-07 2001-05-15 Maxwell Energy Products, Inc. Multi-electrode double layer capacitor having single electrolyte seal and aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth electrodes
US6022436A (en) * 1997-03-07 2000-02-08 Koslow Technologies Corporation Electrode manufacturing process and flow-through capacitor produced therefrom
EP0917166B1 (en) * 1997-09-22 2007-08-01 Japan Gore-Tex, Inc. Electric double layer capacitor and process for manufacturing the same
US6341057B1 (en) 1997-11-05 2002-01-22 Danionics A/S Double layer capacitor and its manufacturing method
JP2000223373A (en) 1999-02-03 2000-08-11 Nec Corp Polarizing electrode, manufacture thereof, electric double layer capacitor using the same and manufacture thereof
US6449139B1 (en) * 1999-08-18 2002-09-10 Maxwell Electronic Components Group, Inc. Multi-electrode double layer capacitor having hermetic electrolyte seal
US6627252B1 (en) 2000-05-12 2003-09-30 Maxwell Electronic Components, Inc. Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes
US6631074B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2003-10-07 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes
US6813139B2 (en) * 2001-11-02 2004-11-02 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes
US6643119B2 (en) * 2001-11-02 2003-11-04 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes
JP2003297701A (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-17 Tdk Corp Electrochemical device and method of manufacturing the same
US6872616B2 (en) * 2002-11-29 2005-03-29 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method of polarizing property electrode for electrical double layer capacitor, and manufacturing method of electrode sheet for electrical double layer capacitor
US7531267B2 (en) * 2003-06-02 2009-05-12 Kh Chemicals Co., Ltd. Process for preparing carbon nanotube electrode comprising sulfur or metal nanoparticles as a binder
US20070122698A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2007-05-31 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Dry-particle based adhesive and dry film and methods of making same
US20060147712A1 (en) * 2003-07-09 2006-07-06 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Dry particle based adhesive electrode and methods of making same
US7352558B2 (en) 2003-07-09 2008-04-01 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Dry particle based capacitor and methods of making same
US7791860B2 (en) 2003-07-09 2010-09-07 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Particle based electrodes and methods of making same
US7920371B2 (en) 2003-09-12 2011-04-05 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Electrical energy storage devices with separator between electrodes and methods for fabricating the devices
JP2005191423A (en) * 2003-12-26 2005-07-14 Tdk Corp Electrode for capacitor
US7090946B2 (en) 2004-02-19 2006-08-15 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Composite electrode and method for fabricating same
US7440258B2 (en) 2005-03-14 2008-10-21 Maxwell Technologies, Inc. Thermal interconnects for coupling energy storage devices
DK1894216T3 (en) 2005-06-24 2013-06-24 Universal Supercapacitors Llc ELECTRODEMIC AND DOUBLE ELECTRICAL CHEMICAL CONDENSATOR WITH DOUBLE ELECTRICAL LAYER AND THEREFORE MANUFACTURED DOUBLE ELECTRICAL LAYER ELECTRICAL CONDENSOR
JP2008544544A (en) * 2005-06-24 2008-12-04 ユニバーサル・スーパーキャパシターズ・エルエルシー Current collector for electric double layer electrochemical capacitor and method for producing the current collector
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KR20090088427A (en) 2006-11-27 2009-08-19 유니버셜 수퍼캐패시터즈 엘엘씨 Electrode for use with double electric layer electrochemical capacitors having high specific parameters
EP2113124A1 (en) * 2007-02-19 2009-11-04 Universal Supercapacitors Llc. Negative electrode current collector for heterogeneous electrochemical capacitor and method of manufacture thereof
US20080241656A1 (en) * 2007-03-31 2008-10-02 John Miller Corrugated electrode core terminal interface apparatus and article of manufacture
US20080235944A1 (en) * 2007-03-31 2008-10-02 John Miller Method of making a corrugated electrode core terminal interface
CN110165939B (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-04-14 厦门大学 Sliding type generator based on double charge layers and power generation method thereof

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5099398A (en) 1992-03-24
EP0443825A2 (en) 1991-08-28
JPH03241809A (en) 1991-10-29
DE69112448T2 (en) 1996-03-07
JP2840780B2 (en) 1998-12-24
KR920000094A (en) 1992-01-10
CA2036583C (en) 1994-02-08
CA2036583A1 (en) 1991-08-21
DE69112448D1 (en) 1995-10-05
CN1054504A (en) 1991-09-11
EP0443825A3 (en) 1991-11-21
EP0443825B1 (en) 1995-08-30

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