Electronic (generating) machine of 3 bodies and electrical modulation formula magnetic gear stepless speed variator
The invention belongs to the mechanotronics field, definite saying is a kind of 3 body impact type (integration) motor technologies and active modulation magnetic gear stepless speed variator.
The prior motor technology all is based on the make of 2 bodies; Be rotor and stator, with regard to the adaptation width of speed: have the following contradictory factor of taking into account always; The redundancy of the volume weight under the high regime and the shortcoming under the low speed segment; With regard to output torque, the moment of torsion wretched insufficiency under the low speed, overheated under the output of ultra moment and inefficiently will cause serious consequence!
The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point of prior art, at the stator and middle the 3rd body (intermediate) that inserts of rotor of motor; The energy that intermediate is responsible for transmitting between rotor and the stator shifts; Intermediate also can be accepted outside direct driving force driving like this; The hybrid power system that is easy to automobile inserts; Because intermediate can move at a high speed and under impacting, and helps the miniaturization Design of electromagnetism drive mechanism; This structure is motor (concurrently engine) when intermediate is selected permanent magnetism, utilizes the electromagnetism chopper wheel, inserts between 2 permanent magnetism dishes, realizes the permanent-magnet variable-speed transmission, and be a perfect buncher with respect to direct driving force input this moment; Also can process changes the hub motor; Can be widely used in automobile and other power transmission field.
Characteristics of the present invention are: the motor volume of 3 body impact types little (be about with 2 body magnetoes under the power 2/3); Moment of torsion powerful (being about 4-6 times) under the low speed with 2 body magnetoes under the power; As 3 body motors are combined with (utilizing the electromagnetism chopper wheel) permanent magnet drive, with processing extremely compact hybrid power assembly member (comprising dynamoelectric machine, the stepless speed adjusting gear of outer power input).
Key problem in technology of the present invention:
For 3 bodies electronic (generating) machine; Basic composition is: rotor (14), impact rotor (2) and stator (5) are formed; Totally 3 core components are formed; Be referred to as 3 body motor (generator); Basic functional principle: when stator coil (44) has electric current to pass through, will generate driving moment (rotor can be permanent magnetism or induction or the magnetic hysteresis mode) to rotor (14); When rotor (14) when being accelerated to certain speed, will bump with impact rotor (2), this collision is to realize through the direct collision between rotor bump post (41), (42); This collision can make non-contacting soft collision; Shown in section Figure 1A of the hatching AA of Fig. 1.Rotor bump post (41), (42) at 2 rotors can be equipped with permanent magnet; When between the rotor bump post (41) and (42) each other near the time, the repulsion in magnetic field is alleviated rapid increase to collide, and makes contactless collision establishment.B and C among Fig. 3 are the axial view of rotor permanent magnet (power take-up reel) (51) respectively; And the axial view of (52) electromagnet pole electromagnet chopper wheel (56).
As far as electrical modulation formula magnetic gear stepless speed variator: basic composition is; Electromagnet coil (57) is installed on the electromagnet pole electromagnet chopper wheel (56); Quantitatively often surpass (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52) permanent magnet sum separately greatly; When rotating for the reduction of speed transmission, the permanent magnet sum of (power take-up reel) (51) will be less than the permanent magnet quantity of (power is broadcasted dish) (52); This kind situation is similar to the transfer behavior of magnetic gear; Operation principle: can be when each electromagnet by independent control, lead is drawn for electromagnet coil in (58), between them and series relationship can be by combination in any; Unified is the controller control in servomotor by a class, can as required when the different rotation relative position state of (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52), be in different also tandem compound and CURRENT DISTRIBUTION state; Make with regard to (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52) transmission, to be in different torque transmitting states (bending moment), to satisfy different transmission needs; (59) be that power output shaft (60) is a power output shaft, (54)/(55) are power input shaft rotating disk ((power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52) are installed on these 2 rotating disks just separately).
The battery of super capacitor and necessary capacity is necessary often; When the electromagnet coil (57) on electromagnet pole electromagnet chopper wheel (56) is modulated; Be that the continuous storage that will be accompanied by electromagnetic energy discharges and consumption; Super capacitor be applicable to moment big electric current absorption and emit, battery is handled relatively slow electric current often and is deposited situation, final accumulation is the most appropriate through the storage of battery.
Numerous electromagnet coils (57) modulating mode:
The many groups of # are adjacent to magnetic pole crowd pattern: be about to (57) and be divided into organize more, the direction of magnetization of each magnetic pole on the same group is identical, and the direction of magnetization between the adjacent set is opposite.
# change group digital modeling: change on the same group the quantity of magnetic pole the group number is changed, then organize number and increase, then organize number when number of magnetic poles increase on the same group and reduce when number of magnetic poles on the same group reduces.
# equivalence rotating magnetic field pattern: this mode is to realize through exchange border magnetic pole between each group; Soon respectively organizing adjacent magnetic pole shifts; The border magnetic pole of this group is allocated to adjacent group; Absorb the magnetic pole of another adjacent magnetic pole set simultaneously, the quantity of every group of magnetic pole is remained unchanged, shift the exchange rotating magnetic field clockwise and turn clockwise; Shift the exchange rotating magnetic field counterclockwise and then be rotated counterclockwise (being equivalent to (56)) along its rotating shaft rotation.
# composite mode: the combination of above-mentioned each pattern (rotation of change group number/equivalence/to).
In a word:
The basic feature of 3 body motors just is: in 3 bodies electricity (generating) machine, used impact rotor (2) to absorb impact moment from rotor (14), and external output torque; The mode of operation of stator coil (44) both can be the synchronous/asynchronous drive pattern of the general rotating magnetic field of motor, also can be to drive the half way that rotor (14) impacts (2) to be operated in the motorized motions pattern, when rotor (14) converts power generation mode during by resilience into; Mode switch: change between 3 conflicting models and the 2 body motor mode; Be particularly useful for middle low speed, the output of super large moment; And 2 body motor/power generation modes; The impact process is ended, and between 2 rotors locked (nothing relatively rotates), returns conventional 2 body motor mode this moment.
Electricity transfers its characteristic of permanent magnetism bending moment just to be: between (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52), inserted electromagnet chopper wheel (56); The magnetic pole of electromagnet chopper wheel (56) arrange both can be axially, radially also can make other orientation; Numerous electromagnet coils (57) modulating mode: organize adjacent arriving to magnetic pole crowd pattern, change group digital modeling and equivalent rotating magnetic field pattern and composite mode more.
The present invention is described further with regard to preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
[Fig. 1] 3 body dynamoelectric machine structural principle sketch mapes.
The 3 bluk recombination motors that [Fig. 2] a kind has outer dynamic mixing power shaft show the structure intention.
[Fig. 3] has the permanent-magnet variable-speed/torque-converters structural representation of active electromagnetism chopper wheel.
[Fig. 4] a kind of (independent electromagnetic speed-adjusting) 3 bluk recombination motor that have outer dynamic mixing power shaft in addition shows the structure intention.
Label declaration among the figure:
1 armature spindle
2 impact rotors
3 power output shafts
5 stators
12 power input disc permanent magnets
13 casings
14 rotors
40 power input shafts
41/42 rotor bump post
44 stator coils
45 coil currents input slip ring
51 rotors (power take-up reel) permanent magnet
52 electromagnet poles
54/55 power input shaft rotating disk
56 electromagnet chopper wheel supporting bodies
57 electromagnet coils
58 electromagnet coils are drawn lead
59 power output shafts
60 power output shafts
As shown in Figure 1:
Basic composition is of electronic (generating) machine of 3 bodies: rotor (14), impact rotor (2) and stator (5) are formed; Totally 3 core components are formed; Be referred to as 3 body motor (generator).
Basic functional principle: when stator coil (44) has electric current to pass through, will generate driving moment (rotor can be permanent magnetism or induction or the magnetic hysteresis mode) to rotor (14); When rotor (14) when being accelerated to certain speed, will bump with impact rotor (2), this collision is to realize through the direct collision between rotor bump post (41), (42).
This collision can make non-contacting soft collision; Shown in section Figure 1A of the hatching AA of Fig. 1.Rotor bump post (41), (42) at 2 rotors can be equipped with permanent magnet; When between the rotor bump post (41) and (42) each other near the time, the repulsion in magnetic field is alleviated rapid increase to collide, and makes contactless collision establishment.
In the process that the collision of 2 rotors takes place, the energy of rotor (14) and momentum will partly be transferred to impact rotor (2); Rotor (14) was all returned by impact rotor (2) bounce-back when collision each time finished.
In whole collision process, the electromagnetic force of stator (5) can put on rotor (14) all the time, to increase the efficiency of transmission of energy.
When rotor (14) was rebounded, stator coil (44) made it continue to quicken, and rotor bump post (41) and (42) make rotor (14) be accelerated to the speed above impact rotor (2) again when not producing bounce-back relative displacement collision; And then accomplish next time and collide; Go round and begin again, move in circles.
(13) be that casing, (3) are power output shaft; (40) be power input shaft.
The through-put power estimation: the quality of establishing rotor is M, moment of inertia I; The collision relative rotation is 160 degree (angles free to rotate of rotor (14) and impact rotor (2)); To be that the angular speed of W1, impact rotor (2) is approximate at the uniform velocity be W2 to angular speed before the collision of rotor (14); Collision between rotor (14) and the impact rotor (2) is approximately elastic collision; The average angular acceleration of rotor (14) when being accelerated is A.
But thereby approximate estimation:
The moment of momentum and exchange of kinetic energy in unit interval:
The exchange moment of momentum=[collision frequency of unit interval] x [moment of momentum cross-over value of primary collision]
Thereby: [collision frequency of unit interval]=(W
1-W
2)
Weighted average/ 2 ∏
[cross-over value of the moment of momentum of primary collision]=1 (2W
1-W
2)
In the formula: ∏=circumference ratio
Exchange of kinetic energy=[collision frequency of unit interval] x [the exchange of kinetic energy value of primary collision]
[the exchange of kinetic energy value of primary collision]=1/2I [W
1W
1-(2W
2-W
1)
2]
Through-put power estimation: the mass M=2KG that gets rotor
Moment of inertia (radius is 10 centimetres) I=2/10
2KGM
2
Angular speed before the collision of rotor (14) is W1=180 ∏
The angular speed of impact rotor (2) is approximate at the uniform velocity to be W2=60 ∏
Approximate drawing: moment of momentum exchange=360 (KGM/S)
Exchange of kinetic energy=17000 (W)
In the ordinary course of things: automobile-used 3 body motors are 2 parallel connection uses together, to obtain good dynamic balancing; In the case, the tractive effort of car is 100KG; Power output is 34KW; Speed per hour is 110KM/S.
Under the situation of vehicle start: 3 body motors can provide than conventional 2 body motors has much bigger driving moment; In such cases, W
2=0; Getting W is median (120 ∏); Tractive effort is about 220KG; The acceleration that for quality is the car of 1200KG is 0.18G; The accelerating time that obtains 0-110KM/H is merely 6 seconds!
Even under the situation of stopping fully, also can obtain bigger moment for a long time, this and 2 body motors are essentially different, and any 2 body motors also can't work long hours under the prerequisite that obtains big moment under big electric current; Because the thermal effect under the only stuck situation just is enough to cause catastrophic consequences.
The stator coil of 3 body motors is in such cases, in striking process, constantly absorbs and emits energy; Continuous recharge discharge process just satisfies the balance of energy; And be under the condition of work of higher relative velocity between rotor and the stator; Be that state is fabulous under the low speed.
Mode switch:
The # conflicting model; Be particularly useful for middle low speed, the output of super large moment.
#2 body motor/power generation mode; The impact process is ended, and between 2 rotors locked (nothing relatively rotates), returns conventional 2 body motor mode this moment.
As shown in Figure 2:
Its course of work the same basically with Fig. 1 (the icon meaning that contains same numeral), (40) power input shaft can directly be refuted and connect various mechanical power sources, and it is combustion engine powered in the oil electric mixed dynamic automobile, refuting what connect.
B among Fig. 2 is hatching AA place along the profile that cuts open perpendicular to the plane of rotor shaft direction, just the same with Fig. 1.
(45) for coil current input slip ring, for " stator " coil that rotates provides electric current; Stator coil this moment (44) when this stator is rotated by internal-combustion engine drives, still provides rotor required magnetic force except the magnetic field that rotor (can be p-m rotor) is provided when fixed, and reclaims the kinetic energy of rotor.
As shown in Figure 3:
B and C among Fig. 3 are the axial view of rotor permanent magnet (power take-up reel) (51) respectively; And the axial view of (52) electromagnet pole electromagnet chopper wheel (56).
Electromagnet coil (57) is installed on the electromagnet pole electromagnet chopper wheel (56); Quantitatively often surpass (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52) permanent magnet sum separately greatly; When rotating for the reduction of speed transmission, the permanent magnet sum of (power take-up reel) (51) will be less than the permanent magnet quantity of (power is broadcasted dish) (52); This kind situation is similar to the transfer behavior of magnetic gear.
(58) draw lead for electromagnet coil, each electromagnet can be by independent control, between them and series relationship can be by combination in any; Unified is the controller control in servomotor by a class, can as required when the different rotation relative position state of (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52), be in different also tandem compound and CURRENT DISTRIBUTION state; Make with regard to (power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52) transmission, to be in different torque transmitting states (bending moment), to satisfy different transmission needs.
(59) be power output shaft, (60) are power output shaft, and (54)/(55) are power input shaft rotating disk ((power take-up reel) (51) and (power is broadcasted dish) (52) are installed on these 2 rotating disks just separately).
The battery of super capacitor and necessary capacity is necessary often; When the electromagnet coil (57) on electromagnet pole electromagnet chopper wheel (56) is modulated; Be that the continuous storage that will be accompanied by electromagnetic energy discharges and consumption; Super capacitor be applicable to moment big electric current absorption and emit, battery is handled relatively slow electric current often and is deposited situation, final accumulation is the most appropriate through the storage of battery.
Numerous electromagnet coils (57) modulating mode:
The many groups of # are adjacent to magnetic pole crowd pattern: be about to (57) and be divided into organize more, the direction of magnetization of each magnetic pole on the same group is identical, and the direction of magnetization between the adjacent set is opposite.
# change group digital modeling: change on the same group the quantity of magnetic pole the group number is changed, then organize number and increase, then organize number when number of magnetic poles increase on the same group and reduce when number of magnetic poles on the same group reduces.
# equivalence rotating magnetic field pattern: this mode is to realize through exchange border magnetic pole between each group; Soon respectively organizing adjacent magnetic pole shifts; The border magnetic pole of this group is allocated to adjacent group; Absorb the magnetic pole of another adjacent magnetic pole set simultaneously, the quantity of every group of magnetic pole is remained unchanged, shift the exchange rotating magnetic field clockwise and turn clockwise; Shift the exchange rotating magnetic field counterclockwise and then be rotated counterclockwise (being equivalent to (56)) along its rotating shaft rotation.
# composite mode: the combination of above-mentioned each pattern (rotation of change group number/equivalence/to).
As shown in Figure 4:
The comprehensive basically identical of its course of work and Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 (the icon meaning of same numeral is identical), (40) still are power input shaft, can directly refute and connect various mechanical power sources, it is combustion engine powered in the oil electric mixed dynamic automobile, refuting what connect.
The 3 body motors of Fig. 4 be equivalent under the active electromagnetism chopper wheel modulation that has increased Fig. 3 on the basis of the 3 simple body motors of Fig. 1 permanent-magnet variable-speed/torque-converters.
The stator coil (44) of independent control and the electromagnet coil (57) on the electromagnet chopper wheel (56) will bring great adjusting range and corresponding speed.