CN102463268A - Zinc alloy bar extruding process designing and optimizing method - Google Patents
Zinc alloy bar extruding process designing and optimizing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a zinc alloy bar extruding process designing and optimizing method, which comprises the steps of: obtaining a true-stress and true-strain curve of a zinc alloy by adopting a high-temperature compression and high-temperature tension test; establishing a constitutive equation and an operation drawing of the zinc alloy, carrying out microstructure analysis, researching a thermal deformational behavior, selecting a deformation condition suitable for processing; carrying out finite element numerical simulation, establishing an extrusion forming limit drawing, optimizing an extrusion process window, carrying out thermal extrusion to obtain a zinc alloy bar; and establishing an extrusion test data base, and predicting a relationship between the extrusion process and surface cracking, quality and performance of the extrusion bar by adopting a neutral network. The invention can realize optimal matching of all parameters in a process of extruding the zinc alloy bar, accurate control on the extruding process, and integration of process design, optimization and performance control. The prepared zinc alloy bar has the characteristics of better surface quality, fine and uniform textures, high performance, high pass percent and high production efficiency, is suitable for massive production, and has remarkable economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technological design and optimization method of kirsite bar extruding, belong to non-ferrous metal and shape the field.
Background technology
Popularize along with what copper was used, worldwide copper resource scarcity, and the high-performance zinc alloy material has light specific gravity, intensity is moderate, hardness is high, cost is low characteristics, is described as the new material of 21st century.Performances such as its intensity, hardness, friction are close with copper alloy, for this reason, the research and development new zinc alloy, the expensive copper of zinc replacement with cheapness has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit, also is to alleviate internal copper resource the most promising nervous solution.Retrieval through to the prior art document finds that the patent that relates to system research kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method is less.
Therefore, need a kind of optimal design kirsite bar hot extrusion technique of exploitation,, improve the quality and the extrusion bar rate of extruded bars, reduce cost to solve kirsite bar extruding problems of crack.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the technical bottleneck of kirsite bar processing, a kind of kirsite bar extruding optimal design method is provided.With Zn-Al series and Zn-Cu series kirsite is research object, adopts high temperature compressed and high temperature tension test, and the hot deformation behavior of research kirsite is set up the deformation condition that kirsite constitutive equation and manuscript are selected suitable processing; Adopt finite element numerical simulation to set up the extrusion molding limiting figure of kirsite, optimize kirsite extrusion process window; On this basis, carry out squeeze test; Analyze the microstructure and the performance of extruded bars; Set up squeeze test technological parameter and extruded bars structure property database, adopt the relation between neural network prediction extrusion process and product defects, cost and the performance, integrated kirsite thermal deformation characteristic, finite element numerical simulation, extrusion molding limiting figure, squeeze test, advanced person's investigation of materials means of testing and advanced numerical computation method; Optimal design kirsite bar hot extrusion technique; Solve kirsite bar extruding problems of crack, improve the quality and the extrusion bar rate of extruded bars, reduce cost.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method comprises the steps:
(1) with the kirsite ingot casting, be machined to high temperature compressed and the drawing by high temperature sample, carry out high temperature compressed and high temperature tension test, obtain the trus stress true strain curve of kirsite under the different distortion condition;
(2) test data of step (1) gained is handled, set up the constitutive equation and the manuscript of kirsite, the sample after the distortion is carried out the microstructure analysis, the research hot deformation behavior is selected the suitable deformation condition of processing;
(3) constitutive equation of utilizing step (2) to set up is carried out finite element numerical simulation to the extrusion process of kirsite bar, sets up the extrusion molding limiting figure, optimizes the extrusion process window, and carries out hot extrusion, obtains the kirsite bar;
(4) the squeeze test data of step (3) gained are set up database, adopt the relation between neural network prediction extrusion process and extruded bars face checking, quality and the performance.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: described kirsite is Zn-Al-Cu series or Zn-Cu-Ti series kirsite, and the weight content of Al is 5～30% in the Zn-Al-Cu series kirsite, and the weight content of Cu is 0.2～4%; The weight content of Cu is 1%～12% in the Zn-Cu-Ti series kirsite, and the weight content of Ti is 0.1～2%.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: in the high temperature compressed test described in the step (1), temperature range is 150～400 ℃, and the temperature interval is 40～50 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～10s
-1In the high temperature tension test described in the step (1), temperature range is 200～350 ℃, and the temperature interval is 30 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～0.1s
-1
A kind of optimized technical scheme; It is characterized in that: the detailed process of step (2) is: adopt linear regression and nonlinear regression to set up the constitutive equation system of kirsite; Adopt the dynamic state material model to set up the manuscript of kirsite; Adopt advanced means of testing such as metallographic microscope, ESEM, transmission electron microscope and EBSD technology to analyze microstructure and the fracture characteristic of kirsite under the different distortion condition; And the combination manuscript, determine the deformation condition of the suitable processing of kirsite and the deformation condition that crackle appears in sample.
A kind of optimized technical scheme; It is characterized in that: the process of setting up of the extrusion molding limiting figure described in the step (3): adopt the distribution of dependent field amounts such as finite element analysis kirsite extrusion temperature field, stress field and rate of strain field; Under certain extrusion ratio, the calculating pressure limit curve with squeeze out the thermoae limit curve (temperature of crackle appears in sample) of making a slip of the tongue, under speed and temperature coordinate; Draw pressure limit curve and overheating limit curve, obtain the extrusion molding limiting figure.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the technological parameter of the squeeze test described in the step (3) is selected in the scope of manuscript and the optimization of extrusion molding limiting figure.
A kind of optimized technical scheme is characterized in that: the scope of extrusion ratio is 15～100 in the extrusion molding limiting figure described in the step (3), and temperature is 150～400 ℃, and speed is 1.5～30mm/s; Extrusion process parameters in conjunction with manuscript and the optimization of extrusion molding limiting figure is: the scope of extrusion ratio is 30～50, and temperature is 200～320 ℃, and speed is 3～20mm/s.
A kind of optimized technical scheme; It is characterized in that: in the squeeze test database described in the step (4); Data owner will comprise: extrusion billet temperature, extruding outlet temperature, extrusion die temperature, extrusion speed, extruding force, extrusion ratio, extrusion billet specification; The extruded bars diameter, racking strain speed, extruded bars performance and tissue.
A kind of optimized technical scheme; It is characterized in that: the neutral net described in the step (4) is BP (BackPropagation) neutral net, adopts Matlab software programming program to set up the neural network prediction database of extrusion process and extruded bars product quality and performances.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention can realize the optimum collocation of all parameters in the kirsite bar extrusion process, accurately controls extrusion process, and integrated process design optimization is to Properties Control; Automaticity is high; Solve kirsite bar extruding cracking problem, improved product quality and lumber recovery, reduced cost.The crystal structure of kirsite is a close-packed hexagonal structure, bad plasticity, and the fusing point of kirsite is low; Because the generation of distortion heat very easily causes superheating phenomenon, cause the extruded bars cracking in the plastic processing; Make that the lumber recovery of kirsite extruded bars is low, production efficiency is low, adopts compression and tension test to combine manuscript to obtain the deformation condition of the suitable processing of kirsite; Through kirsite extruding finite element numerical simulation meter, set up the extrusion molding limiting figure, effectively control extrusion speed, extrusion temperature, mold preheating temperature, extruding outlet temperature, extruding outlet strain rate etc.; The temperature that realizes kirsite crimp district avoids occurring superheating phenomenon and bar face checking, on the basis that the extrusion molding limiting figure is optimized in the temperature and strain rate scope of suitable distortion; In conjunction with test data, neural network prediction, further optimize technological parameter, realize the Optimum Matching of process and performance; Improve the quality of extruded bars, obtain high-performance, kirsite extruded bars cheaply.
Extrusion process is suitable for the processing of inductile distortion of materials most, and the bar extrusion process is simple, and cost is low; Production efficiency is higher; The extruded bars surface quality is good, has eliminated casting flaw through extrusion process, and tissue obtains refinement; Significantly improve performance, method of the present invention is suitable for large-scale production.The bar of producing can replace expensive copper, has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit, also is to alleviate internal copper resource the most promising nervous solution.
Through the specific embodiment the present invention is further specified below, but and do not mean that restriction protection domain of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt the Zn-10Al-2Cu kirsite ingot casting of D.C.casting, be processed into high temperature compressed pig moulding machine and the drawing by high temperature sample.The temperature range of high temperature compressed test is 150～350 ℃, and the temperature interval is 50 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～10s
-1The temperature range of high temperature tension test is 200～320 ℃, and the temperature interval is 30 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～0.1s
-1Adopt linear regression and nonlinear regression to set up the constitutive equation system of kirsite; Adopt the dynamic state material model; Utilize Matlab software programming program, set up manuscript, adopt microstructure and fracture analysis under ESEM (EBSD) and the metallography microscope sem observation different distortion condition; Confirm the deformation condition of the suitable processing of kirsite, the suitable hot worked temperature range of this alloy is 220～300 ℃.The scope of strain rate is 0.01～1s
-1Adopt commercial finite element software; Set up the extruding FEM model; Calculated under the different extrusion ratios, the pressure limit curve with squeeze out the thermoae limit curve (temperature of crackle appears in sample) of making a slip of the tongue, under speed and temperature coordinate; Draw pressure limit curve and overheating limit curve, obtain the extrusion molding limiting figure.The scope of extrusion ratio of setting up the extruding limiting figure of kirsite is 18～50, and temperature is 180～300 ℃, and speed is 1.5～12mm/s.But in the crush zone of extrusion molding limiting figure, carry out squeeze test, the performance of test extruded bars adopts Matlab software programming program to set up the neural network prediction database of extrusion process and extruded bars product quality and performances based on test data.The extrusion process parameters of further optimizing is: the scope of extrusion ratio is 30～40, and temperature is 220～260 ℃, and speed is 3～8mm/s.Under this condition, the surface quality of extruded bars and functional, production efficiency is high, and lumber recovery can reach more than 78%.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the Zn-8Al-1Cu kirsite ingot casting of D.C.casting, be processed into high temperature compressed pig moulding machine and the drawing by high temperature sample.The temperature range of high temperature compressed test is 200～350 ℃, and the temperature interval is 50 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～10s
-1The temperature range of high temperature tension test is 200～320 ℃, and the temperature interval is 30 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～0.1s
-1Adopt linear regression and nonlinear regression to set up the constitutive equation system of kirsite; Adopt the dynamic state material model; Utilize Matlab software programming program, set up manuscript, adopt microstructure and fracture analysis under ESEM (EBSD) and the metallography microscope sem observation different distortion condition; Confirm the deformation condition of the suitable processing of kirsite, the suitable hot worked temperature range of this alloy is 200～300 ℃.The scope of strain rate is 0.01～2.5s
-1Adopt commercial finite element software; Set up the extruding FEM model; Calculated under the different extrusion ratios, the pressure limit curve with squeeze out the thermoae limit curve (temperature of crackle appears in sample) of making a slip of the tongue, under speed and temperature coordinate; Draw pressure limit curve and overheating limit curve, obtain the extrusion molding limiting figure.The scope of extrusion ratio of setting up the extruding limiting figure of kirsite is 18～80, and temperature is 180～300 ℃, and speed is 2～20mm/s.But in the crush zone of extrusion molding limiting figure, carry out squeeze test, the performance of test extruded bars adopts Matlab software programming program to set up the neural network prediction database of extrusion process and extruded bars product quality and performances based on test data.The extrusion process parameters of further optimizing is: the scope of extrusion ratio is 35～50, and temperature is 200～280 ℃, and speed is 4～15mm/s.Under this condition, the surface quality of extruded bars and functional, production efficiency is high, and lumber recovery can reach more than 85%.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the Zn-8Cu-0.3Ti kirsite ingot casting of D.C.casting, be processed into high temperature compressed pig moulding machine and the drawing by high temperature sample.The temperature range of high temperature compressed test is 200～400 ℃, and the temperature interval is 40 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～10s
-1The temperature range of high temperature tension test is 200～350 ℃, and the temperature interval is 30 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～0.1s-1.Adopt linear regression and nonlinear regression to set up the constitutive equation system of kirsite; Adopt the dynamic state material model; Utilize Matlab software programming program, set up manuscript, adopt microstructure and fracture analysis under ESEM (EBSD) and the metallography microscope sem observation different distortion condition; Confirm the deformation condition of the suitable processing of kirsite, the suitable hot worked temperature range of this alloy is 240～350 ℃.The scope of strain rate is 0.1～3.5s
-1Adopt commercial finite element software; Set up the extruding FEM model; Calculated under the different extrusion ratios, the pressure limit curve with squeeze out the thermoae limit curve (temperature of crackle appears in sample) of making a slip of the tongue, under speed and temperature coordinate; Draw pressure limit curve and overheating limit curve, obtain the extrusion molding limiting figure.The scope of extrusion ratio of setting up the extruding limiting figure of kirsite is 20～60, and temperature is 200～350 ℃, and speed is 2～30mm/s.But in the crush zone of extrusion molding limiting figure, carry out squeeze test, the performance of test extruded bars adopts Matlab software programming program to set up the neural network prediction database of extrusion process and extruded bars product quality and performances based on test data.The extrusion process parameters of further optimizing is: the scope of extrusion ratio is 30～50, and temperature is 240～320 ℃, and speed is 5～20mm/s.Under this condition, the surface quality of extruded bars and functional, production efficiency is high, and lumber recovery can reach more than 82%.
Kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method of the present invention; Be characterized as the basis with kirsite hot-working; Computational analysis and squeeze test organically combine optimizes technological parameter; Design such as integrated kirsite hot deformation behavior, manuscript, finite element modelling, extrusion molding limiting figure, squeeze test, performance test, neutral net and optimization kirsite bar extrusion process parameters; Adopt the Matlab coding to set up the relation of technological parameter and production capacity, product quality based on nerve net, obtain the suitable technological parameter that pushes of kirsite.
This method can realize the Optimum Matching of all parameters in the kirsite bar extrusion process, accurately controls extrusion process, integrated technological design, optimization and Properties Control; The bar surface quality of preparation is good, organizes tinyly, even, and performance is high; Lumber recovery is high, and production efficiency is high, and this method is suitable for large-scale production; The bar of producing can replace expensive copper, has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.
Claims (9)
1. a kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method comprises the steps:
(1) with the kirsite ingot casting, be machined to high temperature compressed and the drawing by high temperature sample, carry out high temperature compressed and high temperature tension test, obtain the trus stress true strain curve of kirsite under the different distortion condition;
(2) test data of step (1) gained is handled, set up the constitutive equation and the manuscript of kirsite, the sample after the distortion is carried out the microstructure analysis, the research hot deformation behavior is selected the suitable deformation condition of processing;
(3) constitutive equation of utilizing step (2) to set up is carried out finite element numerical simulation to the extrusion process of kirsite bar, sets up the extrusion molding limiting figure, optimizes the extrusion process window, and carries out hot extrusion, obtains the kirsite bar;
(4) the squeeze test data of step (3) gained are set up database, adopt the relation between neural network prediction extrusion process and extruded bars face checking, quality and the performance.
2. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described kirsite is Zn-Al-Cu series or Zn-Cu-Ti series kirsite; The weight content of Al is 5～30% in the Zn-Al-Cu series kirsite, and the weight content of Cu is 0.2～4%; The weight content of Cu is 1%～12% in the Zn-Cu-Ti series kirsite, and the weight content of Ti is 0.1～2%.
3. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the high temperature compressed test described in the step (1); Temperature range is 150～400 ℃, and the temperature interval is 40～50 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～10s
-1In the high temperature tension test described in the step (1), temperature range is 200～350 ℃, and the temperature interval is 30 ℃, and the strain rate scope is 0.001～0.1s
-1
4. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the detailed process of step (2) is: adopt linear regression and nonlinear regression to set up the constitutive equation system of kirsite; Adopt the dynamic state material model to set up the manuscript of kirsite; Adopt metallographic microscope, ESEM, transmission electron microscope and microstructure and the fracture characteristic of EBSD technical Analysis kirsite under the different distortion condition; And the combination manuscript, determine the deformation condition of the suitable processing of kirsite and the deformation condition that crackle appears in sample.
5. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the process of setting up of the extrusion molding limiting figure described in the step (3): adopt the distribution of finite element analysis kirsite extrusion temperature field, stress field and rate of strain field; Under certain extrusion ratio, the calculating pressure limit curve with squeeze out the thermoae limit curve of making a slip of the tongue, under speed and temperature coordinate; Draw pressure limit curve and overheating limit curve, obtain the extrusion molding limiting figure.
6. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the technological parameter of the squeeze test described in the step (3) is selected in the scope of manuscript and the optimization of extrusion molding limiting figure.
7. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the scope of extrusion ratio is 15～100 in the extrusion molding limiting figure described in the step (3), and temperature is 150～400 ℃, and speed is 1.5～30mm/s; Extrusion process parameters in conjunction with manuscript and the optimization of extrusion molding limiting figure is: the scope of extrusion ratio is 30～50, and temperature is 200～320 ℃, and speed is 3～20mm/s.
8. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the squeeze test database described in the step (4); Data owner will comprise: extrusion billet temperature, extruding outlet temperature, extrusion die temperature, extrusion speed, extruding force, extrusion ratio, extrusion billet specification; The extruded bars diameter, racking strain speed, extruded bars performance and tissue.
9. kirsite bar extrusion process design and optimization method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the neutral net described in the step (4) is the BP neutral net, adopts Matlab software programming program to set up the neural network prediction database of extrusion process and extruded bars product quality and performances.
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| CN111985128A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-24 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for constructing hot working diagram of large-size non-quenched and tempered steel |
| CN111985128B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2024-01-09 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for constructing thermal processing diagram of large-specification non-quenched and tempered steel |
| CN114178454A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-15 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium-lithium alloy hollow component with complex section |
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