CN102453468B - Mixed alkane, use of the mixed alkane and refrigeration method adopting the mixed alkane - Google Patents
Mixed alkane, use of the mixed alkane and refrigeration method adopting the mixed alkane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102453468B CN102453468B CN201110307733.6A CN201110307733A CN102453468B CN 102453468 B CN102453468 B CN 102453468B CN 201110307733 A CN201110307733 A CN 201110307733A CN 102453468 B CN102453468 B CN 102453468B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed alkane. The mixed alkane comprises: by weight, greater than 89% and less than or equal to 99% of propane, more than or equal to 0.5% and less than 10% of isobutene, and more than or equal to 0.5% and less than 10% of butane. The invention also provides a use of the mixed alkane in preparation of a refrigerant, and a refrigeration method adopting the mixed alkane. The mixed alkane has good refrigeration effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed alkanes and application thereof and refrigerating method.
Background technology
Because R22 has good chemical stability and thermostability, the refrigeration temperature of-80 DEG C can be obtained, be widely used in refrigerating and air conditioning industry, it is a kind of refrigeration agent that current application quantity is maximum, range of application is the widest, but because R22 belongs to greenhouse gases, consuming ozone latent energy value is 0.06, will be limited and prohibit the use.
In order to find the substitute of R22, people have invented refrigerant R134a, R410a etc., these refrigeration agents are zero to the destruction of ozonosphere, but the refrigerating capacity of R134a is only 60% of R22 unit, and the thermal conductivity ratio R22 of R134a declines 10%, the water-absorbent of R134a is 20 times of R22, causes the operation expense of equipment higher; Be called as the R410a of environmental protection refrigerant, although be better than R134a in efficiency, exist operating pressure too high, to conduit component optimization with the shortcoming such as requirement of withstand voltage is high, must improve interchanger and unit design, investment operation expense is high; And because they also have certain Greenhouse effect, the greenhouse gases effect that R410a produces even also part has exceeded R22.Therefore, these refrigeration agents are not the final environmental protection refrigerant solution of Chinese air-conditioning industry, just transition substitute.
In order to find the better substitute of R22 refrigeration agent, people have invented a large amount of novel refrigerants, have some to be on the basis of freon refrigerant, reduce the refrigeration agent of Greenhouse effect as far as possible; Some are had to be the mix refrigerants adding carbon-hydrogen refrigerant on freon refrigerant basis; Some are had to be directly use carbon-hydrogen refrigerant, as R290 refrigeration agent.
CN1693408A discloses a kind of refrigeration agent, adopts weight percent to be the R290 of 55-62% and weight percent to be the mixing carbon-hydrogen refrigerant of the R600a of 38-45%, vaporization temperature-25 DEG C to 5 DEG C of alternative R134a refrigeration agents.This refrigerant mixed is simple, convenient, with low cost, only has 1/20 of R134a, and more energy-conservation than R134a, reduces use cost.
CN 101270274A discloses a kind of refrigeration agent, adopt weight percent to be R600a and the 3-8% pour point of R290,30-40% of 54-65% to be the mixing carbon-hydrogen refrigerant of the cryogenic freezing lubricating oil (main component is heavy alkyl benzene) of-36 DEG C to-25 DEG C, substitute R134a refrigeration agent, efficiently solving existing carbon-hydrogen refrigerant makes compressor often occur a difficult problem for wearing and tearing scuffing of cylinder bore because of too dry and that oil soluble is good characteristic, and fractional energy savings can reach 10-20%.
CN 101402847A discloses a kind of refrigeration agent, and employing weight percentage is the mixing carbon-hydrogen refrigerant of the R600a of R290 and 11-20% of 80-89%, substitutes R22 refrigeration agent.
In prior art, the carbon-hydrogen refrigerant that R290 and R600a mixes according to a certain weight ratio, when the weight percent of R290 is less than 65%, this kind of carbon-hydrogen refrigerant is only applicable to the lower R134a of alternative evaporating pressure, and is not suitable for the higher R22 of evaporating pressure; When the weight percent content of R290 is at 80%-89%, R22 refrigeration agent can be substituted.But requiring more and more higher society to energy-conserving and environment-protective, existing fractional energy savings can not meet the demands, need to be improved further.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to overcome above-mentioned defect, provides a kind of energy-saving effect better mixed alkanes refrigeration agent.
The invention provides a kind of mixed alkanes, this mixed alkanes contains propane, Trimethylmethane and butane, wherein, with the total amount of described mixed alkanes for benchmark, the content of propane is for being greater than 89 % by weight to being less than or equal to 99 % by weight, the content of Trimethylmethane is for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than 10 % by weight, and the content of butane is for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than 10 % by weight.
Present invention also offers the application in the refrigerant of above-mentioned mixed alkanes.
The present invention still further provides a kind of refrigerating method, the method comprises to be compressed in R290, R600 and R600a mixing or the compressor without feeding refrigeration plant after mixing, wherein, with the total amount of R290, R600a and R600 for benchmark, the add-on of R290 is for being greater than 89 % by weight to being less than or equal to 99 % by weight, the add-on of R600a is for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than the add-on of 10 % by weight, R600 for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than 10 % by weight.
The mixed alkanes refrigeration agent of alternative R22 refrigeration agent provided by the invention compared with prior art, there is following beneficial effect: by adopting the component ratio of refrigeration agent of the present invention, the saturated vapor pressure of mixed alkanes of the present invention is closer to R22, directly charge the refrigeration system of R22, to the loss of each parts also close to R22 as situation during refrigeration agent, and refrigeration agent of the present invention is more obvious than the energy-saving effect of the refrigeration agent of prior art.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
The physical parameter of propane and R22 are extremely close, and the saturated vapor pressure-temperature curve of propane and R22 ten points close, so, during the alternative refrigerant of the mixed alkanes refrigeration agent based on propane as R22, the primary condition of original system major parts can not be changed and directly charge.
Because propane is a kind of combustiblesubstance, problem maximum when using as refrigeration agent is safety problem.In prior art, when everybody thinks that the filling quantity only having propane is in refrigeration systems few, just do not have the danger of the combustion explosion leaked when occurring.But the present inventor finds, much larger than R22 of the latent heat of vaporization due to R290 saturated liquid, so while refrigeration is suitable, can greatly reduce the filling quantity of R290.And, by coordinating with a small amount of butane and Trimethylmethane, the Energy Efficiency Ratio of refrigeration plant can be improved.So, in the present invention, although the content of propane is up to being greater than 89 % by weight to being less than or equal to 99 % by weight, still more excellent refrigeration can be obtained when ensureing higher security.
Mixed alkanes mixture of the present invention is the non-azeotrope paraffins mixture of a kind of saturated vapor pressure closer to R22, in the present invention, this mixed alkanes is called R490, this R490 than alkane refrigeration agent saturated vapor pressure of the prior art closer to R22 refrigeration agent, be directly used in the refrigeration plant of R22, and than R22 refrigeration agent and mixing carbon-hydrogen refrigerant of the prior art more energy-conservation, energy-saving efficiency reaches 20%-30%.
As long as although with the total amount of described mixed alkanes for benchmark, the content of propane is for being greater than 89 % by weight to being less than or equal to 99 % by weight, the content of Trimethylmethane is for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than 10 % by weight, the content of butane can realize object of the present invention for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than 10 % by weight, but under preferable case, with the total amount of described mixed alkanes for benchmark, the content of propane is 90-95 % by weight, the content of Trimethylmethane is 1-8 % by weight, and the content of butane is 1-8 % by weight.Mixed alkanes within the scope of above-mentioned preferred content can obtain better refrigeration when being used as refrigeration agent.
According to the present invention, described mixed alkanes is preferably made up of propane and Trimethylmethane and butane.
As long as although propane, Trimethylmethane and butane can realize object of the present invention with aforementioned proportion mixing, described propane can be the propane of the existing various purity grades for refrigeration agent, butane can be the butane of the existing various purity grades for refrigeration agent, Trimethylmethane can be the Trimethylmethane of the existing various purity grades for refrigeration agent, but under preferable case, described propane is the R290 that refrigerant art is commonly used, butane is the R600 that refrigerant art is commonly used, and Trimethylmethane is the R600a that refrigerant art is commonly used.Adopt the propane of above-mentioned form, butane and Trimethylmethane, can directly use as refrigeration agent by mixing or without the respective compressor directly injecting refrigeration plant of mixing.
Mixed alkanes of the present invention directly can be mixed in proportion and obtain, and also can directly take in proportion in use.
Present invention also offers the application in the refrigerant of above-mentioned mixed alkanes.Using method can with reference to the using method of existing refrigeration agent as R22.
Mixed alkanes of the present invention is mainly used in air-conditioning refrigeration plant, such as split-type air conditioner and central air-conditioning.
Present invention also offers a kind of refrigerating method, the method comprises in R290, R600 and R600a mixing or the compressor without feeding refrigeration plant after mixing to be compressed, wherein, with the total amount of R290, R600a and R600 for benchmark, the add-on of R290 is for being greater than 89 % by weight to being less than or equal to 99 % by weight, the add-on of R600a is for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than the add-on of 10 % by weight, R600 for being more than or equal to 0.5 % by weight to being less than 10 % by weight.
Because the present invention relates generally to the improvement of the composition to refrigeration agent, be therefore not particularly limited other conditions of refrigerating method and concrete operation step, can carry out with reference to prior art, the present invention does not repeat them here.
Under preferable case, with the total amount of R290, R600a and R600 for benchmark, the add-on of the add-on of R290 to be the add-on of 90-95 % by weight, R600a be 1-8 % by weight, R600 is 1-8 % by weight.
According to above-mentioned refrigerating method provided by the invention, can first send in refrigeration plant by after R290, R600 and R600a mixing, also directly can send in refrigeration plant according to aforementioned proportion without mixing.
According to the present invention, because refrigeration agent contains propane, butane and Trimethylmethane and the content of propane is relatively high, therefore compared with existing R22, greatly can reduce filling quantity, usually, relative to the refrigerating duty of 3.5kW, total consumption of refrigeration agent R290, R600a and R600 of the present invention is about the half of R22, but because the consumption of different air-conditioning system refrigeration agent is different, total consumption of R290, R600a and R600 is about 0.3-0.6kg.
According to the present invention, described refrigeration plant is mainly various for making the air-conditioning plant of extraneous cooling, such as, can be split-type air conditioner and central air-conditioning.
The refrigeration agent used due to above-mentioned refrigerating method is mainly propane, the consistency of this refrigeration agent and lubricating oil well known by persons skilled in the art is all better, so R490 refrigeration agent of the present invention can use various lubricating oil well known by persons skilled in the art as refrigerator oil, the refrigerator oil that the heavy alkyl benzene that preferred low-temperature performance is good, price is more cheap uses as described refrigeration agent.
Below will describe the present invention in detail by embodiment.In following examples, fractional energy savings is calculated by following formula:
Fractional energy savings=(R22 power consumption number-R490 power consumption number)/R22 power consumption number × 100%.
Comparative example 1
For certain brand 1.5 split-type air conditioners, 900 gram of refrigerant R22 are added in the compressor of air-conditioning, after opening air-conditioning, in 60min, make 4.5 × 3.3 × 2.8m
3room temps drop to 25 DEG C from 35 DEG C and keep 25 DEG C, power consumption 2.8 degree.
Embodiment 1
For 1.5 split-type air conditioners of producer identical with comparative example 1 and model, add weight percent be 90% R290, weight percent be 8% R600a and weight percent be 2% the mixed alkanes refrigeration agent 500 grams that naturally mixes of R600, directly add in the compressor of air-conditioning, after opening air-conditioning, in 60min, make 4.5 × 3.3 × 2.8m
3room temps drop to 25 DEG C from 35 DEG C and keep 25 DEG C, power consumption 2 degree, fractional energy savings is 28%.
Comparative example 2
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, unlike, weight percent be 8% R600a and weight percent be 2% R600 be 10% by weight percent R600a replaces, make 4.5 × 3.3 × 2.8m in 60min
3room temps drop to 25 DEG C from 35 DEG C and keep 25 DEG C, power consumption 2.3 degree, fractional energy savings is 18%.
Comparative example 3
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, unlike, weight percent be 90% R290, weight percent be 8% R600a and weight percent be 2% R600 be 85% by weight percent R290, weight percent be 14% R600a and weight percent be 1% R600 replace, make 4.5 × 3.3 × 2.8m in 60min
3room temps drop to 25 DEG C from 35 DEG C and keep 25 DEG C, power consumption 2.3 degree, fractional energy savings is 18%.
Embodiment 2
For 1.5 split-type air conditioners of producer identical with embodiment 1 and model, add the R600a that weight percent is 4% successively, weight percent be 1% R600 and weight percent be the mixed alkanes refrigeration agent 460 grams of the R290 of 95%, directly add in the compressor of air-conditioning, after opening air-conditioning, in 60min, make 4.5 × 3.3 × 2.8m
3room temps drop to 25 DEG C from 35 DEG C and keep 25 DEG C, power consumption 2 degree, fractional energy savings is 28%.
Embodiment 3
For 1.5 split-type air conditioners of producer identical with embodiment 1 and model, add weight percent be 93% R290, weight percent be 1% R600a and weight percent be 6% the mixed alkanes refrigeration agent 470 grams that naturally mixes of R600, directly add in the compressor of air-conditioning, after opening air-conditioning, in 60min, make 4.5 × 3.3 × 2.8m
3room temps drop to 25 DEG C from 35 DEG C and keep 25 DEG C, power consumption 2 degree, fractional energy savings is 28%.
Find out from the data of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3, R490 is fewer than the filling quantity of R22, economizes in raw materials, and more energy-conservation.Found to only have the refrigeration agent energy-saving effect of propane and Trimethylmethane good not as R490 refrigerant effect of the present invention by embodiment 1 and comparative example 2 Data Comparison; Contrasted by embodiment 1 and comparative example 3 and find, propane content is lower, and three kinds of component ratios not within the scope of the present invention time refrigeration agent energy-saving effect poorer than R490.
Claims (7)
1. a mixed alkanes, this mixed alkanes is made up of propane, Trimethylmethane and butane, and wherein, with the total amount of described mixed alkanes for benchmark, the content of propane is 90 % by weight, and the content of Trimethylmethane is 8 % by weight, and the content of butane is 2 % by weight; Or the content of propane is 95 % by weight, the content of Trimethylmethane is 4 % by weight, and the content of butane is 1 % by weight; Or the content of propane is 93 % by weight, the content of Trimethylmethane is 1 % by weight, and the content of butane is 6 % by weight.
2. mixed alkanes according to claim 1, wherein, described propane is R290, and described Trimethylmethane is R600a, and described butane is R600.
3. mixed alkanes according to claim 1 application in the refrigerant.
4. a refrigerating method, the method comprises to be compressed in R290, R600 and R600a mixing or the compressor without feeding refrigeration plant after mixing, wherein, with the total amount of R290, R600a and R600 for benchmark, the add-on of R290 is 90 % by weight, the add-on of R600a is the add-on of 8 % by weight, R600 is 2 % by weight; Or the content of the content of R290 to be the content of 95 % by weight, R600a be 4 % by weight, R600 is 1 % by weight; Or the content of the content of R290 to be the content of 93 % by weight, R600a be 1 % by weight, R600 is 6 % by weight.
5. refrigerating method according to claim 4, wherein, relative to the refrigerating duty of 3.5kW, total consumption of R290, R600a and R600 is 0.3-0.6kg.
6. refrigerating method according to claim 4, wherein, described refrigeration plant is air-conditioning.
7. refrigerating method according to claim 6, wherein, described refrigeration plant uses heavy alkyl benzene as refrigerator oil.
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| CN101918507A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-12-15 | 新川佳伸 | Hydrocarbon mixture refrigerant, freezing/refrigerating or air-conditioning system, freezing/refrigerating or air-conditioning method, and process for producing freezing/refrigerating or air-conditioning system |
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| CN101918507A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-12-15 | 新川佳伸 | Hydrocarbon mixture refrigerant, freezing/refrigerating or air-conditioning system, freezing/refrigerating or air-conditioning method, and process for producing freezing/refrigerating or air-conditioning system |
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