CN102437408B - Octagonal flat-type array antenna - Google Patents

Octagonal flat-type array antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102437408B
CN102437408B CN201110249777.8A CN201110249777A CN102437408B CN 102437408 B CN102437408 B CN 102437408B CN 201110249777 A CN201110249777 A CN 201110249777A CN 102437408 B CN102437408 B CN 102437408B
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ground plate
array antenna
type array
antenna
octagonal flat
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CN102437408A (en
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叶云裳
姜新发
苑九功
钟睿
黄夔夔
那成亮
李光成
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Beijing HWA Create Co Ltd
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Beijing HWA Create Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an octagonal flat-type array antenna comprising an earth plate and a circularly-polarized four-point feeding network, wherein the earth plate is provided with a central radiating element assembly and two groups of coupling plates arranged by equal distance along the radial direction. The octagonal flat-type array antenna can receive signals transmitted by a plurality of navigation and positioning satellite constellations and meet the requirement for high-precision carrier phase measurement. A high-precision receiver antenna for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) carrier phase measurement can be provided for users of ocean, land, air and space, and the octagonal flat-type array antenna can also be popularized and applied to a radio transmitting and receiving system with a stable radiating phase center and a circular polarization and hemisphere beam coverage requirement. The octagonal flat-type array antenna has the characteristics of stable radiating phase center, circular symmetry of radiation pattern, high roll-off, high front-to-back ratio and favorable wide angle circular polarization, has favorable anti-multipath and broadband operation capacity and is a novel GNSS high-precision carrier phase measurement type user compatible receiver antenna.

Description

Octagonal flat-type array antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of global navigation satellite system GNSS (GNSS is the abbreviation of Global Navigation Satellite System, represents GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System)) receiver user antenna, relate in particular to a kind of octagonal flat-type array antenna.
Background technology
GPS (Global Position System) (GNSS=global navigation satellite system) claim again space-based PNT (position, navigation, timing) system.GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) (GNSS) is to take satellite as basic radio-navigation positioning system.Navigation, location and the function regularly with totipotency (sea, land and sky, sky), global, round-the-clock, continuity and real-time.Satellite navigation and location system receiver antenna phase center stability and ability of anti-multipath directly have influence on receiver carrier phase measurement precision, and then affect certainty of measurement and the range of application of receiver system.
In prior art, conventional antenna has micro-strip paster antenna, four-arm spiral antenna and multi-arm snail seam antenna etc., existing antenna is difficult to meet completely the requirement of GNSS compatible receiver to high accuracy carrier phase measurement at the harmonious and good aspects such as wide-angle circular polarization characteristics of service band, phase center stability, ability of anti-multipath, circular polarization gain.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of octagonal flat-type array antenna, this antenna has wide working band, the stable radiation phase heart and good circular polarization characteristics, can suppress preferably reflection and scattering around, and structure is light and handy, integrated level is high, easy for installation.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Octagonal flat-type array antenna of the present invention, comprises ground plate, is provided with ground plate chamber in described ground plate, is provided with circular polarization four-point feed network in described ground plate chamber, and described ground plate is provided with center radiation unit block;
Described center radiation unit block comprises loading top board, and described loading top board has the short oscillator of covering of the fan that four tops load, and the inner wire of coaxial feed end and the respective feed points of described feeding network of described short oscillator bottom are connected;
Described ground plate is provided with the coupling parasitic element of two group switching centre symmetries, and wherein first group is arranged in described center radiation unit block periphery, below second group of loading top board that is arranged in described center radiation unit block.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, octagonal flat-type array antenna provided by the invention, because circular polarization four-point feed network is located in ground plate chamber, center radiation unit block comprises loading top board, load top board and have the short oscillator of covering of the fan that four tops load, the inner wire of coaxial feed end and the respective feed points of described feeding network of short oscillator bottom are connected; Ground plate is provided with the coupling parasitic element of two group switching centre symmetries, and wherein first group is arranged in described center radiation unit block periphery, below second group of loading top board that is arranged in described center radiation unit block.There is good centre symmetry, utilize the interaction of center radiation unit block and coupling plate to be not only conducive to the radiation phase heart stable, can suppress preferably reflection and scattering around, the anti-multipath performance having reached, make antenna there is wider working band, wider covering wave beam, structure more lightly, compacter, more convenient installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The planar structure schematic diagram of the octagonal flat-type array antenna that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to cutaway view;
Fig. 3 is the schematic bottom view of the center radiation unit block in embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the elevational schematic view of the center radiation unit block in embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b are the contour structures schematic diagram of antenna in embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the contour structures schematic diagram of oblique coupling plate in embodiments of the invention.
In figure: 1, ground plate, 2, first groups of parasitic couplings unit, 3, second groups of parasitic couplings unit, 4, load top board, 5, the short oscillator of covering of the fan, 6, assembling screw rod, 7, coaxial feed end.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Octagonal flat-type array antenna of the present invention, preferably embodiment is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 for it:
Comprise ground plate, be provided with ground plate chamber in described ground plate, be provided with circular polarization four-point feed network in described ground plate chamber, described ground plate is provided with center radiation unit block;
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, described center radiation unit block comprises loading top board, and described loading top board has the short oscillator of covering of the fan that four tops load, and the inner wire of coaxial feed end and the respective feed points of described feeding network of described short oscillator bottom are connected;
Described ground plate is provided with the coupling parasitic element of two group switching centre symmetries, and wherein first group is arranged in described center radiation unit block periphery, below second group of loading top board that is arranged in described center radiation unit block.
Described short oscillator is segment angle sheet, and described loading top board is that corner cut octagon is dull and stereotyped, and after described corner cut octagon rotates 45 ° relatively by two squares, corner cut forms.
The coaxial feed end of described short oscillator bottom end electric capacity and the reactive balance of described short oscillator, realize the broadband character of electric little dimension antenna.
Described first group of parasitic couplings unit comprises 12 oblique coupling plates of equidistantly radially arranging; Described second group of parasitic couplings unit comprises 4 rectangle coupling pieces, and 4 rectangle coupling pieces and four short oscillator spaces are evenly arranged.Form the nearly planar antennas of low clearance, favourable radiation phase center stable.
In specific embodiment, the inner side edge of described oblique coupling plate and the upper surface of described ground plate angle at 45 °, outer side edges becomes 40.6 ° of angles with the upper surface of described ground plate
The inner height in described ground plate chamber is less than or equal to 4mm, diameter is less than or equal to 180mm, and described feeding network all sealing is installed in described ground plate chamber.
The center of described antenna radiation unit assembly is longitudinally provided with assembling screw rod, and described assembling screw rod is through to the bottom surface in described ground plate chamber from described loading top board, and with nut check, to strengthen the rigidity of structure and the intensity of this antenna.
This antenna is provided with radome, and described radome is connected with the flange of described ground plate periphery by flange in the bottom.
Described radome is wave transparent radome, composite material, consists of.
The bottom in described ground plate chamber is provided with geometric center hole, and is indicating the phase centre location of antenna, and this antenna is connected with carrier by the uniform screw of ground plate mesopore or ground plate flange.
Specific embodiment:
Mainly comprise following five parts:
Center radiation unit block, Central Symmetry and equidistantly arrange two groups are parasitic couplings plate, ground plate and ground plate chamber, circular polarization four-point feed network, radome radially.
Antenna is arranged on the ground plate chamber that diameter is no more than 200mm, and the high 30mm of center radiation unit block, is aerial radiation main body.
Ground plate chamber be one with the cylindrical cavity of outward flange, the sealing of whole feeding network is arranged in ground plate chamber.On ground plate chamber, be also evenly equipped with two groups of parasitic couplings plates.One group is arranged in center radiation unit block periphery, 12 coupling plates of equidistantly radially arranging, consists of; Another group is arranged in below center radiation unit block top board, is circumferentially 45° angle arranges with four oscillators.Radome, by Electro-magnetic Wave Penetrate material hot forming, is connected with chamber, connection of antenna floor outward flange.Whole antenna is sealed in radome.
Antenna can work in passive and active two states.Under passive states, antenna only stretches out at RF socket edge (or center) of going to the bottom in ground plate chamber, is connected with receiver.Under active state, in ground plate chamber bottom, can settle the radio-frequency front-end parts such as the LNA of receiver and filter.
Below specific embodiment is described in detail:
As shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, be the external structure of antenna, antenna external diameter Φ≤200mm in specific embodiment, highly≤60mm (containing radome and RF jack sizes).Whole antenna is sealed in radome, and radome adopts Electro-magnetic Wave Penetrate material, and hood-shaped is the frustum of a cone, and wall thickness≤0.5mm, with the thick outward flange of 3mm.This structure light weight, wave transparent, there is enough rigidity.In specific embodiment, radome can adopt quartzy composite material, and this material is more expensive, if only Ground Application can be used lower-cost glass-reinforced plastic material instead.
Again referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is the antenna shapes structure of removing radome, center is the center radiation unit block of antenna, it loads lithographic plate by anise top, and the short oscillator of covering of the fan broadening of 4 pairwise orthogonals and 4 coaxial feed seats in bottom form (detailed view of center radiation unit block is referring to Fig. 3-Fig. 4).Around center radiation unit block, there are two groups of parasitic couplings unit (passive coupling).One group is arranged in center radiation unit block periphery, 12 coupling plates of equidistantly radially arranging, consists of; Another group is arranged in below center radiation unit block top board, is circumferentially 45° angle arranges with four oscillators.Employing welding procedure is shaped, and reduces the distortion that welding causes as far as possible, must guarantee form and position tolerance.In center of antenna by pushing up to having run through an assembled metal screw rod between lower ground plate.Anti-coupling trip bolt has distributed on ground plate chamber.
Ground plate chamber interior diameter 173mm.The high 4mm of inner chamber, is just in time placed in one feeding network.Chamber outward flange is connected with carrier with radome.On chamber, the end, there are 8 the screw of isolate conductive piece and the flange mounting hole of the SMA being connected with receiver (F) are installed.Medium three printed line networks are placed at the bottom of ground plate behind chamber, add and cover ground plate.Trip bolt on ground plate chamber comprises that the screw that is installed to isolate conductive piece can be coupled and suppress dull and stereotyped mode and improve network feed performance between the line of isolation strip, and these fastening screws are all joined and beaten after upper ground plate assembling.
Two groups of parasitic couplings unit comprise:
First group of parasitic couplings unit: formed by 12 uniform radially parasitic couplings sheets (oblique coupling plate) outside center radiation unit.As shown in Figure 6, the inner side edge of oblique coupling plate and horizontal plane angle at 45 ° in specific embodiment, outer side edges becomes 40.6 ° of angles with horizontal plane, and angle can regulate as required;
Second group of parasitic couplings blade unit: formed by 4 rectangle coupling pieces, be arranged in below center radiation unit block top board, be circumferentially 45° angle with four oscillators and arrange.
The basic fundamental characteristic of the antenna of specific embodiment:
1) antenna of the present invention loads short oscillator by four orthogonal tops on ground plate chamber and forms center radiation unit block.Four short oscillators are segment angle sheet, and covering of the fan broadening angle makes the high λ of being no more than/8 of its oscillator, the wide 50mm in oscillator upper end.Loading top board, to be corner cut octagon dull and stereotyped, is by two length of sides, to be 65mm 45 ° of corner cuts of square plate rotation form.
2) the feed base of four short oscillators is coaxial type.Short oscillator bottom inner wire development length just in time guarantees to be connected with the respective feed points of network feed line.Its outer conductor is 4 perforates that upper ground plate is corresponding, is filled with Teflon microwave-medium between inner and outer conductor.Coaxial inner and outer conductor size is except being 50 Ω designs by characteristic impedance, also need to adjust electric capacity at the bottom of oscillator feed end, make the reactive balance of itself and short oscillator, realize the Broadband Matching characteristic of electronically small antenna feed, guarantee the normal reception to a plurality of navigation satellite constellation signals.
3) around center radiation unit block, be the parasitic couplings unit of two group switching centre symmetries.One group is arranged in center radiation unit block periphery, 12 coupling plates of equidistantly radially arranging, consists of, and each coupling plate is inclined ladder shape; Another group coupling plate consists of 4 rectangular slabs, is arranged in below center radiation unit block top board, is circumferentially 45° angle arranges with four oscillators.By adjusting geometric position and the size of parasitic couplings plate, can make the interaction of center radiation unit block and coupling plate reduce radiation phase center as far as possible, be conducive to the radiation phase heart stable.The notable feature of this Central Symmetry, low clearance, flat structure is to have the stable radiation phase heart, and design phase heart dispersion can be less than 1mm;
4) ground plate has been made to the ground plate cylindrical cavity that inner height 4mm, a diameter are no more than Φ 180mm.Feeding network all sealing is installed in this chamber.4 oscillators on ground plate, connect through 4 wire ends (upper dielectric-slab connect 4 ports of antenna) corresponding with it of 4 metallization via holes on upper ground plate by its inner wire probe; The feeding network other end is connected with receiver, by metallization via hole, is connected with the RF socket inner core being arranged on lower ground plate.This socket can stretch out from base plate center or side, and RF socket adopts SMA/TNC (F) form.This package assembly except compactedness, globality, easy of integration, also have good electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) property;
5) there is complete centrosymmetric architectural feature, utilize the interaction of center radiation unit block and coupling plate to be not only conducive to the radiation phase heart stable.The more important thing is and improved roll-offing and front and back specific characteristic of directional diagram, can suppress preferably reflection and scattering around, the anti-multipath performance having reached.Compare with using the antenna of Choke ring, this antenna has wider working band, wider covering wave beam, structure more lightly, compacter, more convenient installation.
6) antenna removes radome and seals and is installed on the medium printed line feeding network in ground plate chamber, and remainder is all-metal construction, can adopt none weld seam of monolithic molding.The rigidity having had, intensity and space environment adaptability.
7) utilize the centre symmetry of antenna, at antenna radiation unit assembly center, installed assembling screw rod additional, the bottom surface from top board straight cutting to ground plate chamber, uses nut check.This does not affect antenna radiation performance (for current node), has but improved widely the Rigidity and strength of antenna structure, is particularly suitable for the application of high-speed mobile carrier;
8) the wave transparent radome consisting of composite material is circular cone shape, by flange in the bottom and chamber, connection of antenna floor flange spiral shell, connects.This cover protection antenna body, avoids contacting with the direct of the external world, has increased the anti-collision of antenna, anti-vibration, shock proof ability.By seal washer, also isolated drench with rain, sand and dust, moisture, saline and alkaline etc., meet the pertinent regulations of GJB150.
With existing similar antenna technology Performance Ratio, the technological merit of the antenna of the specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1) antenna is low clearance flat structure, and adopts a plurality of Central Symmetry parasitic couplings plates, makes it have very stable radiation phase center.Its design phase heart dispersion is less than 1mm, meets the specification requirement of high accuracy carrier phase measurement type receiver antenna; Antenna of the present invention has good paperback characteristic, can be widely used on the motion carriers such as spacecraft, aircraft and ships;
2) antenna has broadband character, is applicable to supporting the use with GNSS compatible receiver.Micro-strip paster antenna and four-arm spiral antenna are common conventional GPS receiver antennas.Because they all belong to mode of resonance antenna, work in L1 single-frequency or L1 and L2 double frequency more.Antenna has adopted widening frequency band design to make electronically small antenna realize broadband character.Can receive a plurality of navigation satellite constellation signals such as GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and BD-2.In 1.1GHz-1.7GHz band, VSWR is less than 2: 1;
3) distinguishing feature of antenna is centrosymmetric structure.4 circular polarization feeds make its directional diagram have good circular symmetry and good wide-angle circular polarization characteristics.In the work angular domain of ± 70 °, reached AR≤2dB, circle asymmetry≤± 1dB design performance;
4) antenna of the present invention utilizes a plurality of Central Symmetry parasitic couplings unit to reduce aerial radiation phase center, the height of having realized directional diagram roll-offs, compare and good wide-angle circular polarization characteristics high front and back, greatly suppressed multipath effect, the effect of Ckoke ring is suitable with using.But be better than Choke ring structure, more convenient installation in band spread, structure aspect gently little, compact;
5) antenna has utilized the complete centre symmetry of antenna structure, and at antenna radiation unit assembly center, (being current node) installed an assembled metal screw rod additional, is inserted to the bottom surface in ground plate chamber from top board central straight, uses nut check.This can not affect antenna radiation performance, and has improved widely the Rigidity and strength of antenna structure, is particularly conducive to the application of spacecraft receiver user antenna; Receiver user antenna that can global navigation satellite system GNSS.
The above; be only the present invention's embodiment preferably, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.

Claims (9)

1. an octagonal flat-type array antenna, is characterized in that, comprises ground plate, is provided with ground plate chamber in described ground plate, is provided with circular polarization four-point feed network in described ground plate chamber, and described ground plate is provided with center radiation unit block;
Described center radiation unit block comprises loading top board, and described loading top board has the short oscillator of covering of the fan that four tops load, and the inner wire of coaxial feed end and the respective feed points of described feeding network of described short oscillator bottom are connected;
Described ground plate is provided with the coupling parasitic element of two group switching centre symmetries, and wherein first group is arranged in described center radiation unit block periphery, below second group of loading top board that is arranged in described center radiation unit block.
2. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described short oscillator is segment angle sheet, and described loading top board is that corner cut octagon is dull and stereotyped, and after described corner cut octagon rotates 45 ° relatively by two squares, corner cut forms.
3. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the end electric capacity of the coaxial feed end of described short oscillator bottom and the reactive balance of described short oscillator.
4. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described first group of coupling parasitic element comprises 12 oblique coupling plates of equidistantly radially arranging;
Described second group of coupling parasitic element comprises 4 rectangle coupling pieces, and 4 rectangle coupling pieces and four short oscillators are circumferentially 45 ° of intervals and are evenly arranged.
5. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the inner side edge of described oblique coupling plate and the upper surface of described ground plate angle at 45 °, and outer side edges becomes 40.6 ° of angles with the upper surface of described ground plate.
6. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inner height in described ground plate chamber is less than or equal to 4mm, diameter is less than or equal to 180mm, and described feeding network all sealing is installed in described ground plate chamber.
7. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the center of described antenna radiation unit assembly is longitudinally provided with assembling screw rod, and described assembling screw rod is through to the bottom surface in described ground plate chamber from described loading top board, and uses nut check.
8. according to the octagonal flat-type array antenna described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterized in that, this antenna is provided with radome, and described radome is connected with the flange of described ground plate periphery by flange in the bottom.
9. octagonal flat-type array antenna according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described radome is wave transparent radome, composite material, consists of.
CN201110249777.8A 2011-08-26 2011-08-26 Octagonal flat-type array antenna Active CN102437408B (en)

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