WO2014127540A1

WO2014127540A1 - Electromagnetic dipole antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2014127540A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/071831
Authority: WO
Inventors: 罗伟; 彭宏利; 赵建平
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2013-02-25
Filing date: 2013-02-25
Publication date: 2014-08-28
Also published as: CN104247150A

Abstract

Provided is an electromagnetic dipole antenna. The electromagnetic dipole antenna comprises a metal ground and an antenna radiation unit arranged on the metal ground. The antenna radiation unit comprises a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnetic vibrator and a parasitic unit. The vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator form a first resonance loop, the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator form a second resonance loop, and the difference between the resonance frequency of the first resonance loop and that of the second resonance loop is less than a preset threshold value, so that the first resonance loop and the second resonance loop form a band spread resonance loop. The embodiment of the present invention achieves a band spread electromagnetic dipole antenna, and then adapts to the demand of communication broadband.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to antenna technologies, and in particular, to a frequency band broadened electromagnetic coupling antenna. Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technologies, modern communication has developed toward miniaturization, integration, and multi-function (multi-band, multi-polarization, and multi-purpose). As one of the most important components in wireless communication systems, the antenna has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the further miniaturization of communication systems. Therefore, designing a compact, integrated, and multi-functional antenna has become the focus of current antenna research.

There are a lot of literatures on miniaturized multi-band antennas at home and abroad, among which, "Information Technology"

On December 25th, 2011, an article entitled "Impact of Miniaturized Base Station Antennas" was the most representative. This paper mainly introduces a three-band base station antenna that can be used for 806 ~ 960MHz, 1710 ~ 2170MHz and 1710 ~ 2170MHz. The size of the antenna is: 1340mmx380 mmx l00 mm. However, for a new communication system with an increasingly small antenna miniaturization, the size of the antenna is still too large, and further research on miniaturized antennas is needed, especially for miniaturized antennas with low profile characteristics, so as to facilitate antenna erection and installation.

Based on the above-mentioned antenna miniaturization requirements, electromagnetic coupling antennas have emerged. However, in the prior art, the electromagnetic coupling antenna cannot meet the communication broadband requirement. Summary of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic coupling antenna to meet the requirements of communication broadband.

An electromagnetic dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, and the antenna radiating unit includes a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnon, and a parasitic unit, and the vertical electric vibrator and the The horizontal magnetic oscillator constitutes a first resonant circuit, and the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset a threshold such that the first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant tank with a widened band.

In a first possible implementation manner, the horizontal magnetic vibrator is fixed to the vertical electric vibrator Above, the parasitic unit is fixed above the horizontal magnon.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation, in the second possible implementation, the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit are fixed on a metal post, and one end of the metal post is fixed on the metal ground.

In combination with the second possible implementation manner described above, in a third possible implementation, the horizontal magnon is a disc-shaped structure whose surface is covered with a metal layer.

In combination with the possible implementation of any one of the foregoing first to third, in a fourth possible implementation, the vertical electric oscillator includes a distribution below the horizontal magnetic vibrator and is fixed on the metal ground. At least two vertical oscillator units.

In combination with the fourth possible implementation manner described above, in a fifth possible implementation manner, each of the vertical electric vibrators is a T-shaped structure, and the T-shaped structure includes a disc-shaped conductor structure and a metal rod-shaped structure, and the metal rod-shaped structure One end of the metal rod-like structure is horizontally disposed on the metal ground, and the other end of the metal rod-like structure is horizontally disposed.

In conjunction with any of the possible implementations of any of the first to fifth embodiments, in a sixth possible implementation, the electromagnetic coupling between the vertical and horizontal magnetic oscillators is achieved by a medium.

In combination with the possible implementation of any one of the foregoing first to sixth, in a seventh possible implementation, the distance D between the parasitic element and the horizontal magnetic vibrator satisfies 0.02 < D < 0.06 / 1 , where A is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.

In conjunction with any of the possible implementations of any one of the first to seventh embodiments above, in an eighth possible implementation, the size of the parasitic element is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnetic vibrator.

In conjunction with any of the possible implementations of the first to the eighth, in a ninth possible implementation, the parasitic unit is a disk-like structure or a polygonal sheet-like structure.

In the embodiment of the present invention, by adding a parasitic element to the antenna radiating unit, the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator constitute a second resonant circuit, and the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator and the second resonance The difference between the resonant frequencies of the loops is less than a preset threshold, so that the first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant circuit with a widened band, thereby realizing a band-widened electromagnetic coupling antenna, thereby adapting to communication broadband Demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will be true. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are required to be used in the description of the prior art, are briefly described. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and no one would be creative to those skilled in the art Other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings on the premise of labor.

1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic top plan view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1;

4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical electric vibrator in the electromagnetic dipole antenna shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of an antenna port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of an electromagnetic dipole antenna of the present invention and a conventional electromagnetic dipole antenna. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic coupling antenna, which includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, wherein the antenna radiating unit may include a vertical electric vibrator, a horizontal magnon, and a parasitic unit, and the vertical electric The vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a first resonant circuit, and the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset threshold, so that The first resonant tank and the second resonant loop form a resonant tank with a broadened band.

Specifically, the electromagnetic coupling antenna is a novel antenna based on the complementary of the electric coupling pole and the magnetic coupling pole. The electromagnetic dipole antenna may include a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit disposed on the metal ground, and the metal ground may be a conductive metal plate, and the antenna radiating unit may include a vertical electric vibrator and a horizontal magnetic vibrator. The vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a first resonant circuit. The antenna radiating element of the embodiment of the present invention may further include a parasitic unit that forms a second resonant loop with the horizontal magnetic vibrator. The resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is very close to the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit. For example, the difference between the two resonant frequencies may be less than a preset threshold, so that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit form a resonant circuit with a widened band. Thereby optimizing antenna impedance matching to suit Should meet the needs of communication broadband.

The working principle of the electromagnetic dipole antenna of this embodiment is as follows: a plurality of excitation sources excite a plurality of vertical electric vibrators, and the vertical electric vibrators are electromagnetically coupled to the horizontal magnetic vibrators through the medium, through the vertical electric vibrators and the horizontal magnetic vibrators The first resonant circuit realizes the first-stage electromagnetic energy radiation, and the horizontal magnetic vibrator is electromagnetically coupled to the parasitic unit through the medium, and the second-stage electromagnetic energy radiation is realized by the second resonant circuit between the horizontal magnetic vibrator and the parasitic unit.

In the specific implementation, the electromagnetic coupling between the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnon can be electromagnetically coupled through air or through other media. Similarly, electromagnetic coupling between the horizontal magnon and the parasitic element can be achieved either by air or by other media.

In addition, it should be noted that the above-mentioned preset threshold value may float within a certain range as long as it can ensure that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit can form a resonant circuit with a widened band. Moreover, those skilled in the art can design the parasitic cells by themselves according to the needs, so as to meet the similar requirements of the resonant frequencies of the two resonant circuits.

In a specific implementation, the horizontal magnetic vibrator may be fixed above the vertical electric vibrator to form a first resonant circuit, so that the vertical electric vibrator may be differentially fed to the horizontal magnetic vibrator by air coupling or other medium coupling mode when participating in the radiation. The parasitic unit may be fixed above the horizontal magnetic vibrator to form a second resonant circuit, so that the horizontal magnetic vibrator may differentially feed the parasitic unit in an air coupling manner or other medium coupling manner when participating in the radiation, thereby causing two The resonant circuits form a resonant circuit with a broadened band.

Further, the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit may be fixed on the metal ground by the metal post, that is, one end of the metal post is fixed on the metal ground, and the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit may be fixed to the other end of the metal post through the metal post, and parasitic The unit is fixed directly above the horizontal magnon.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below using two specific embodiments.

1 is a schematic overall structural view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the electromagnetic coupling antenna of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structure of the electromagnetic coupling antenna of FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a vertical electric vibrator in the electromagnetic coupling antenna shown in FIG. 1. As shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the electromagnetic coupling antenna of this embodiment includes a metal ground 1 and an antenna radiating unit 2. The antenna radiating unit 2 may include a vertical electric vibrator 21, a horizontal magnon 22, and a parasitic unit 23.

The metal ground 1 may be a square planar structure, and the size may be, for example, 150 mm (long). 150mm (width) x lmm (thickness).

The vertical electric vibrator 21 may include at least four vertical electric oscillator units 211 distributed under the horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 and fixed on the metal ground 1. For each vertical electric oscillator unit 211, it is a T-shaped structure including a disk-shaped conductor structure 211a and a metal rod-like structure 211b, one end of which is fixed on the metal ground 1, and the metal rod-shaped structure 211b The other end is horizontally provided with a disk-shaped conductor structure 211a. The metal rod-like structure 211b may, for example, be a cylinder having a radius of 1.29 mm and may have a height of, for example, 17.6 mm. The disk-shaped conductor structure 211a may be, for example, a disk having a radius of 5.3 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. It should be noted that only four implementations of the vertical distribution of the vertical oscillating unit 211 are shown in FIG. 4, and those skilled in the art can understand that the number of vertical oscillating unit 211 included in the vertical oscillating unit 21 can be based on It needs to be adjusted by itself, and its distribution mode and specific structure can also be adjusted appropriately. This embodiment is not limited.

The horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 may be a metal disk-like structure or a disk-like structure whose surface is covered with a metal layer. The parasitic unit 23 may be a disk-like structure. Alternatively, the parasitic unit 23 may also be a polygonal sheet-like structure.

The horizontal magnetic vibrator 22 and the parasitic unit 23 may be fixed above the respective vertical electric oscillator units 211 by the metal posts 3, and the parasitic unit 23 is fixed above the horizontal magnetic vibrators 22.

Preferably, the distance D between the parasitic element 23 and the horizontal magnon 22 can satisfy 0.02 < D < 0.06/1, where A is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. For example, the distance D between the parasitic unit 23 and the horizontal magnon 22 can be set to 0.025.

Preferably, the size of the parasitic unit 23 is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnon 22. For example, the diameter of the parasitic element 23 is smaller than the radius of the horizontal magnon 22 by 2.6 mm.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of an antenna port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling antenna of the present invention and a conventional electromagnetic coupling antenna. FIG. 5 shows that after a parasitic element is added to the electromagnetic coupling antenna, In the frequency range of 1.71 GHz to 2.17 GHz, the reflection coefficients of the antenna ports are all reduced to below -14 dB, which satisfies the macrocell VSWR bandwidth requirement, thereby achieving band broadening.

It can be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific electromagnetic coupling antenna structure described above, and those skilled in the art can also add a parasitic unit to the existing electromagnetic coupling antenna, as long as the formation between the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic vibrator is ensured. The second resonant tank and the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical electric vibrator and the horizontal magnetic vibrator may constitute a resonant circuit having a widened frequency.

Embodiments of the present invention add parasitic elements to the antenna radiating element, and the parasitic unit and the water The flat magnetic oscillator constitutes a second resonant circuit, and a difference between a resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit formed by the vertical and horizontal magnetic oscillators and a resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is less than a preset threshold, thereby causing the first resonant circuit and the The second resonant circuit forms a resonant circuit with a widened band, thereby realizing a band-widened electromagnetic coupling antenna, thereby adapting to the demand for communication broadband.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting thereof; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims

claims

1. An electromagnetic dipole antenna, characterized in that it includes a metal ground and an antenna radiating unit arranged on the metal ground. The antenna radiating unit includes a vertical electric oscillator, a horizontal magnon and a parasitic unit. The vertical electric oscillator The oscillator and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a first resonant circuit, the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnetic oscillator constitute a second resonant circuit, and the difference between the resonant frequency of the first resonant circuit and the resonant frequency of the second resonant circuit is is less than the preset threshold, so that the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit form a resonant circuit with a widened frequency band.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal magnetic oscillator is fixed above the vertical electric oscillator, and the parasitic unit is fixed above the horizontal magnetic oscillator.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal magnon and the parasitic unit are fixed on a metal column, and one end of the metal column is fixed on the metal ground.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal magnon is a disc-shaped structure with a surface covered with a metal layer.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the vertical electric oscillator includes at least two vertical electric oscillator units distributed below the horizontal magnetic oscillator and fixed on the metal ground. .

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that each vertical electric oscillator has a T-shaped structure, the T-shaped structure includes a disc-shaped conductor structure and a metal rod-shaped structure, one end of the metal rod-shaped structure is fixed at the On the metal ground, the other end of the metal rod-shaped structure is horizontally disposed with the disk-shaped conductor structure.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that electromagnetic coupling is achieved through a medium between the vertical electric oscillator and the horizontal magnetic oscillator, and a medium is used between the horizontal magnetic oscillator and the parasitic unit. Achieve electromagnetic coupling.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the distance D between the parasitic unit and the horizontal magnon satisfies 0.02 A < D < 0.06 /1, where A is the center The wavelength corresponding to the frequency point.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the size of the parasitic unit is smaller than the size of the horizontal magnon.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the parasitic unit is a disc-shaped structure or a polygonal sheet-shaped structure.