CN102437361B - Microbial fuel cell reactor for culturing chlorella - Google Patents
Microbial fuel cell reactor for culturing chlorella Download PDFInfo
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- CN102437361B CN102437361B CN2011103748237A CN201110374823A CN102437361B CN 102437361 B CN102437361 B CN 102437361B CN 2011103748237 A CN2011103748237 A CN 2011103748237A CN 201110374823 A CN201110374823 A CN 201110374823A CN 102437361 B CN102437361 B CN 102437361B
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- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- YWHLKYXPLRWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl trisulfide Chemical compound CSSSC YWHLKYXPLRWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
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- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a microbial fuel cell reactor for culturing chlorella, belonging to the technical field of environment engineering. The reactor mainly consists of a reaction chamber filled with water body sediment, a cathode, an anode, a lead wire and a resistor, wherein the reaction chamber is a container, the top of the container is opened and the other sides of the container are closed; the water body stratifications in the reaction chamber are a sediment layer located at the lower part of the reaction chamber and a water body layer located on the upper part of the reaction chamber; the cathode is arranged in the water body layer, the anode is arranged in the sediment layer, and the cathode, the anode and the resistor are connected in series through the lead wire, and the resistor is located between the cathode and the anode. With the adoption of the device provided by the invention, organic substance can be oxidized in the water body sediment, meanwhile, the chlorella capable of being used as the basic material for producing biodiesel can be manufactured, thus, the dual purpose of energy and biological resource production can be reached, and moreover, the reactor has large social value and economic value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microbiological fuel cell reactor for the chlorella cultivation, belong to field of environment engineering technology.
Background technology
Along with expanding economy, the progress of society and the continuous growth of population, human increasing to the demand of the energy, global energy crisis is increasingly outstanding.Chlorella is a kind of efficient photosynthetic plant, is rich in grease in its body, can the production biodiesel.Therefore prior art has related to the method for various cultivation chlorellas, and wherein providing of carbon dioxide is a key technology.Especially in the open type reactor of highdensity cultivation algae, low carbon dioxide content causes low chlorella growth speed, and therefore how the efficient cheap carbon dioxide that provides is considered to one of key technology that chlorella cultivates.
At present, organic (bed mud) content of water body deposit obviously raises, and its reason is the raising of waters primary productivity on the one hand, has caused endogenous organic input to roll up; Be that a large amount of organic substances enters into water body by the direct discharging of industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage and soil percolation, rainwash and the atmospheric sedimentation of agricultural chemicals on the other hand, accelerated the enrichment of organic matter in the lake sediment.And organic enrichment is the important promoting factor of lake eutrophication, and under suitable meteorology, hydrologic condition, produce biochemical reaction, discharge the thioether class materials such as sulfide, methane and dimethyltrisulfide, form " lake is general ", thereby cause the phenomenon that water quality worsens rapidly, the ecosystem is subject to heavy damage.Therefore, in the improvement of polluted lake and repairing, the concentration that effectively reduces the content of organic matter in the bed mud and reduce with control nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition salt has status of equal importance.0～10cm of the deposit surface that the method for prior art employing dredging removes, so that annual whole world number is dredged out with hundred million tons deposit, and the deposit that these are dredged out can cause secondary pollution to environment, the more important thing is that large amount of organic is not utilized in these deposits of dredging out.If can utilize and be rich in organic deposit and cultivate chlorella, will reach the purpose of killing two birds with one stone.Purpose of the present invention is exactly that cultivation for chlorella provides a kind of new method.
Summary of the invention
For shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, technical purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of microbiological fuel cell reactor for the chlorella cultivation, and the method for utilizing this microbiological fuel cell reactor to cultivate chlorella.This devices and methods therefor both can reach the purpose of restoration of the ecosystem, again can efficiently cheap cultivation chlorella.
For realizing technical purpose of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
One, a kind of microbiological fuel cell reactor for the chlorella cultivation mainly is comprised of the reative cell, negative electrode, anode, wire, the resistance that contain by water body deposit; Wherein reative cell is the container of other face closures of open-top, and the water body in the reative cell is layered as the deposit layer that is positioned at the reative cell bottom and the water body layer that is positioned at reative cell top; Negative electrode is arranged in the water body layer, and anode is arranged in the deposit layer, and by wire negative electrode, anode and resistance is together in series, and resistance is between negative electrode and anode.
Further, described reative cell includes but not limited to cube container, cylindrical container.
Described negative electrode includes but not limited to: graphite, charcoal felt or charcoal cloth.
Described anode includes but not limited to: graphite, charcoal felt or charcoal cloth.
Described resistance is adjustable resistor.
The resistance range value of described adjustable resistor: 10～1000 ohm.
Two, utilize the method for the microbiological fuel cell bioreactor culture chlorella of cultivating for chlorella of the present invention, it may further comprise the steps.
The installation setting of A, microbiological fuel cell reactor
Water body deposit is contained in the reative cell, after water body layer and the layering of deposit layer are clear, anode is placed the deposit layer after leaving standstill, negative electrode places the water body layer; Negative electrode, anode and resistance are connected in series with wire, and resistance is between negative electrode and anode.
The operation of B, microbiological fuel cell reactor
Resistance value is set between 10～1000 ohm, namely naturally begins the operation of reactor, and 25～30 ℃ of value ranges of control reactor working temperature; After anode hung up biomembrane in 5～7 days, measure the content of carbon dioxide in the water body layer.
Wherein, the assay method of the content of the carbon dioxide in the described water body is gas chromatography.
C, adding chlorella are cultivated
After stable carbon dioxide generating speed is arranged in the water body layer, add again chlorella, with the organic substance in the microbiological fuel cell oxidates to carbon dioxide, thereby for the cultivation of chlorella.
Wherein, the addition of described chlorella is: 80～100 mg/L.
The condition of culture of described chlorella is: temperature between 25～30 ℃, incubation time 15～20 days, light dark period 16h:8h, intensity of illumination 2500～3000 ALUX.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention is from the different and advantage of prior art: the present invention utilizes the carbon dioxide that organic substance produces in the microbiological fuel cell oxidates to cultivate chlorella, compared to existing technology, gas concentration lwevel in the water body is high, and obtain easily, and in the process of cultivating, can reach the effect of restoration of the ecosystem simultaneously.
(2) microbe fuel-device of the present invention is simple in structure, does not need too many maintenance, and construction and operating cost are low;
(3) the microbiological fuel cell reactor for the chlorella cultivation of the present invention, wherein electrode transmits the electronics that produces in the oxidation of organic compounds process as the electron acceptor of microbe, thereby has accelerated organic matter removal in the substrate.The biology in situ reparation of comparing traditional, it does not need to add electron acceptor or oxygenate, but with electrode as electron acceptor, can suppress the activity of methanogen, so that the organic substance in the deposit is oxidized to carbon dioxide under the effect of anode electrogenesis bacterium, and be discharged in the water body.And the chlorella that is arranged in water body can utilize this carbon dioxide, reaches the purpose of cultivating amplification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-anode; The 2-negative electrode; The 3-chlorella; 4-resistance; The 5-wire; The 6-reative cell.
Electric current situation over time in Fig. 2 microbiological fuel cell running.
The biomass estimation figure of chlorella in Fig. 3 reactor.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Concrete structure structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment explanation microbiological fuel cell reactor of cultivating for chlorella of the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, the microbiological fuel cell for the chlorella cultivation of the present invention mainly is comprised of the reative cell 6, negative electrode 2, anode 1, wire 5, the resistance 4 that contain by water body deposit; Wherein reative cell 6 is the container of other face closures of open-top, and the water body of 6 li of reative cells is layered as the deposit layer that is positioned at the reative cell bottom and is positioned at the water body layer on reative cell top; Negative electrode 2 is arranged in the water body layer, and anode 1 is arranged in the deposit layer, and by wire 5 negative electrode 2, anode 1 and resistance 4 is together in series, and resistance 4 is between negative electrode 2 and anode 1.
Because oxygen in water concentration is from shallow to deep, near anode 1, form anaerobic zone, contain multiple anaerobic bacteria in the deposit layer, can be with the organic substance decomposing in the deposit, generate hydrogen ion and electronics, electronics flows to negative electrode 2 from anode 1 through wire 5, and hydrogen ion is delivered to negative electrode 2 by water body.Oxygen energy and electronics, hydrogen ion generate water near negative electrode 2, form electric current in this process, the continuous oxidized removal of the organic substance in the synchronous deposits, and produce a large amount of carbon dioxide, thus be used for the cultivation of upper strata chlorella 3.And be connected with resistance 4 between anode 1 and the negative electrode 2, regulating load resistance for the speed of optimizing carbon dioxide generating, arrives the effect of regulation and control chlorella growth.
Further, described reative cell includes but not limited to cube container, cylindrical container.
Described negative electrode includes but not limited to: graphite, charcoal felt, charcoal cloth.
Described anode includes but not limited to: graphite, charcoal felt, charcoal cloth.
Described resistance is adjustable resistor.
The resistance range value of described adjustable resistor: 10～1000 ohm.
The present embodiment explanation utilizes microbiological fuel cell reactor of the present invention to be used for the cultural method of chlorella.
The installation setting of A, microbiological fuel cell reactor
700 g water body deposits (taking from Nanjing Jin Chuanhe) are contained in the reative cell, after water body layer and the layering of deposit layer are clear, anode is placed the deposit layer after leaving standstill, negative electrode places the water body layer; Negative electrode, anode and resistance are connected in series with wire, and resistance is between negative electrode and anode.
The operation of B, microbiological fuel cell reactor
Resistance value is set between 10～1000 ohm, namely naturally begins the operation of reactor, and control 25 ℃～30 ℃ of reactor working temperatures; After anode hung up biomembrane in 5～7 days, measure the content of carbon dioxide in the water body layer.
Wherein, the assay method of the content of the carbon dioxide in the described water body is: gas-chromatography is measured.
C, adding chlorella are cultivated
After stable carbon dioxide generating speed is arranged in the water body layer, add again chlorella, with the organic substance in the microbiological fuel cell oxidates to carbon dioxide, thereby for the cultivation of chlorella.
Wherein, the addition of described chlorella is: 80～100 mg/L.
The condition of culture of described chlorella is: temperature between 25～30 ℃, incubation time about 15～20 days, light dark period 16h:8h, intensity of illumination 2500～3000 ALUX.
Two reactors 1 of present embodiment operation and 2, wherein the negative electrode of reactor 1 uses the charcoal felt, and anode uses the charcoal felt; The negative electrode of reactor 2 uses the charcoal felt, and anode uses the charcoal felt.Wherein reactor 2 outer meeting resistances are 10 ohm, and reactor 1 be open-circuit condition (not connecting resistance) in contrast.In 25 ℃ operational environment, move, through after 7 days the anode biofilm (Fig. 2), determine reactor 2 its outputting current steadilies at 30 mA/m
2The carbon dioxide of its generation of monitoring is 5 mM in this process, and continual and steady.Afterwards, in reactor 1 and reactor 2, add chlorella, light dark period 16h:8h, intensity of illumination 3000 ALUX, and continue operation after 15 days, biomass and the algae content initial with it (80 mg/L) of measuring each reactor chlorella compare (Fig. 3), the chlorella amount of finding reactor 1 increases few, only have 110 mg/L, and the chlorella amount of reactor 2 increases significantly, reached 370 mg/L.Further illustrate the adding of microbiological fuel cell, the organic substance in can the accelerated oxidation deposit becomes carbon dioxide, thereby is conducive to the growth of chlorella.
The method of present embodiment is with embodiment 3, and the negative electrode of reactor uses charcoal cloth, anode use graphite.It is as follows only to change condition.
The method of present embodiment is with embodiment 3, and the negative electrode of reactor uses graphite, anode use charcoal cloth.It is as follows only to change condition.
Claims (4)
1. utilize the method for the microbiological fuel cell bioreactor culture chlorella that is used for the chlorella cultivation, it is characterized in that mainly being formed by the reative cell, negative electrode, anode, wire, the resistance that contain by water body deposit for the microbiological fuel cell reactor that chlorella is cultivated; Wherein reative cell is the container of other face closures of open-top, and the water body in the reative cell is layered as the deposit layer that is positioned at the reative cell bottom and the water body layer that is positioned at reative cell top; Negative electrode is arranged in the water body layer, and anode is arranged in the deposit layer, and by wire negative electrode, anode and resistance is together in series, and resistance is between negative electrode and anode; The method of cultivating chlorella may further comprise the steps:
The installation setting of A, microbiological fuel cell reactor
Water body deposit is contained in the reative cell, after water body layer and the layering of deposit layer are clear, anode is placed the deposit layer after leaving standstill, negative electrode places the water body layer; Negative electrode, anode and resistance are connected in series with wire, and resistance is between negative electrode and anode;
The operation of B, microbiological fuel cell reactor
Resistance value is set between 10～1000 ohm, namely naturally begins the operation of reactor, and 25～30 ℃ of value ranges of control reactor working temperature; After anode hung up biomembrane in 5～7 days, measure the content of carbon dioxide in the water body layer;
C, adding chlorella are cultivated
After stable carbon dioxide generating speed is arranged in the water body layer, add again chlorella, with the organic substance in the microbiological fuel cell oxidates to carbon dioxide, thereby for the cultivation of chlorella.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the assay method of the content of the carbon dioxide in the water body of described step B is gas chromatography.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the addition of chlorella among the described step C is: 80～100 mg/L.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the condition of culture of chlorella among the described step C is: temperature between 25～30 ℃, incubation time 15～20 days, light dark period 16h:8h, intensity of illumination 2500～3000 LUX.
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| CN101841053A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-09-22 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Microbiological fuel cell (MFC) and application thereof in removing organisms from natural sediments |
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