CN102436100A - Liquid crystal slit grating and stereo display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal slit grating and stereo display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102436100A CN102436100A CN2011104394988A CN201110439498A CN102436100A CN 102436100 A CN102436100 A CN 102436100A CN 2011104394988 A CN2011104394988 A CN 2011104394988A CN 201110439498 A CN201110439498 A CN 201110439498A CN 102436100 A CN102436100 A CN 102436100A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stereo display device. The device comprises a display panel and a light guide panel, wherein the light guide panel is arranged on the display surface of the display panel and is used for guiding the light of the parallax images displayed by the display panel to a predetermined viewing field spatial position, thus realizing stereo display; the light guide panel is an electrically controllable slit grating and forms various slit gratings with different extension directions under electrical control; and the distances between the formed various slit gratings and the display panel are identical. The device has the following advantages: stereo display pictures can be formed in multiple directions and the viewing distances are identical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid crystal slit grating and stereo display field, relate in particular to liquid crystal slit grating and the 3 d display device of using this liquid crystal slit grating that a kind of a plurality of direction all forms slit grating.
Background technology
People's left eye and right eye have spacing, cause two visual angle to have fine distinction, and the scenery that such difference can let left eye and right eye observe respectively has parallax slightly, thereby in people's brain, forms stereo-picture.
General 3 d display device is when watching; Need wear anaglyph spectacles, the feasible beholder who just wore glasses (like spectacles, reading glasses etc.) originally is in order to obtain viewing effect clearly; Need two pairs of glasses are overlapping, make stereo display watch comparatively inconvenience.In addition, because the width between the two mirror pin of anaglyph spectacles is normally fixing, this possibly make the beholder of different shapes of face can not obtain preferable experience when wearing anaglyph spectacles.Therefore, the bore hole stereo display technique that need not wear anaglyph spectacles is more and more paid close attention to by people.
Along with the continuous development of liquid crystal technology, liquid crystal material is widely used in various fields.
The liquid crystal slit grating has widely to be used, and wherein a kind of typical application be that three-dimensional (3D) shows and use, and the liquid crystal slit grating cooperates display device, with the right and left eyes of the parallax picture beam split oriented users of display device demonstration, thereby makes the user form stereoscopic vision.Can also realize simultaneously the handoff functionality of plane/stereo (2D/3D) picture, user-friendly.
Current liquid crystal slit grating only can form the slit of a direction; Its corresponding 3 d display device also can only form the stereo display effect in one direction; When display device is rotated; The beholder can not obtain good stereoscopic vision and experience, and the application that this has limited stereo display has greatly reduced beholder's stereoscopic vision and experienced.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solved provides a kind of 3 d display device; Comprise display panel and light guide panel; Said light guide panel is arranged on the display surface of said display panel; Said light guide panel is used for the anaglyph light of the demonstration of said display panel is directed to predetermined locus, visual field, thereby realizes stereo display, and said light guide panel is electric controlled slit grating; It forms down the different multiple slit grating of bearing of trend automatically controlled, and the said multiple slit grating that forms is consistent with distance between the display panel.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Said light guide panel is the liquid crystal slit grating; It comprises first polaroid, first substrate, drive electrode structure, first both alignment layers, liquid crystal layer, second both alignment layers, public electrode structure, second substrate and second polaroid that is cascading; Wherein said drive electrode structure comprises the drive electrode layer of a plurality of range upon range of settings, through forming the different slit grating of multiple bearing of trend forming corresponding electric field between said drive electrode layer and the said public electrode structure respectively.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, mutually insulated setting between the drive electrode layer of said a plurality of range upon range of settings.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said arbitrary drive electrode layer bar shaped drive electrode of comprising a plurality of spaces and being arranged in parallel with each other.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the width of a plurality of bar shaped drive electrodes in the said same drive electrode layer equates, and the interval between the adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode equates.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the interval between the adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode equals the width of a strip electrode.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the quantity of said drive electrode layer is two, and the bearing of trend that said two drive electrode layer drive the slit grating that forms is vertical each other.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Said display panel is display panels or Plasmia indicating panel or organic electroluminescence display panel; And the stereoscopic parallax image light of its generation is a polarized light, and the polarization direction of said polarized light is consistent with the polarization direction of the polaroid of the light guide panel of closing on.
A kind of liquid crystal slit grating also is provided; Comprise: first polaroid that is cascading, first substrate, drive electrode structure, first both alignment layers, liquid crystal layer, second both alignment layers, public electrode structure, second substrate and second polaroid; Wherein said drive electrode structure comprises the drive electrode layer of a plurality of range upon range of settings, through forming the different slit grating of multiple bearing of trend forming corresponding electric field between said drive electrode layer and the said public electrode structure respectively.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Mutually insulated setting between the drive electrode layer of said a plurality of range upon range of settings; And the bar shaped drive electrode that said arbitrary drive electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaces and is arranged in parallel with each other; The width of a plurality of bar shaped drive electrodes in the said same drive electrode layer equates, and the interval between the adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode equates.
Compared to prior art, the light guide panel of 3 d display device of the present invention adopts the liquid crystal slit grating, and the drive electrode structure of liquid crystal slit grating is arranged to double-decker, that is, and and first drive electrode layer and second drive electrode layer.Wherein the strip electrode bearing of trend of first drive electrode layer is different from second drive electrode layer; Just can on first drive electrode layer and second drive electrode layer, apply driving voltage respectively through simple driving like this; To form the slit grating of both direction respectively, can realize bore hole stereo display thereby satisfy on both direction.And because the distance of the slit grating distance display panel of both direction is consistent; Thereby make the best viewing location of stereo display of both direction identical; In the switching of the direction of carrying out stereo display; Do not need the beholder shift position, just can obtain identical bore hole stereoscopic vision and experience.3 d display device not only can be realized freely switching between the plane/stereo demonstration, can also realize two, and very the stereo display of a plurality of directions of person is switched, and has satisfied the demand of watching of user's different visual angles.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of invention 3 d display device.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of 3 d display device shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the part-structure schematic perspective view of drive electrode structure shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is the principle of work synoptic diagram of light guide panel shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of the slit grating of light guide panel formation shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 6 is the principle of work synoptic diagram when turning 90 degrees that revolves of light guide panel shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of the slit grating of light guide panel formation shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
Seeing also Fig. 1, is the structural representation of an embodiment of 3 d display device of the present invention.This 3 d display device 100 provides parallax display frame to space specific direction, and it comprises light guide panel 1, display panel 2.
As shown in Figure 1; After the modulation of the light that display panel 2 sends through light guide panel 2; The light of the left-eye image L that display panel 2 shows is transmitted among observer's in the space the left eye L, and similarly, the light of eye image R is transmitted among observer's in the space the right eye R; Observer's right and left eyes receives left-eye image L and the eye image R with parallax respectively, thereby in human brain, forms stereoscopic vision.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of 3 d display device 100 shown in Figure 1.
In the present embodiment; Light guide panel 1 is the liquid crystal slit grating, and it comprises first polaroid 10, first substrate 11, drive electrode structure 12, first both alignment layers 13, liquid crystal layer 14, second both alignment layers 15, public electrode structure 16, second substrate 17 and second polaroid 18.
Please consult Fig. 3 simultaneously, Fig. 3 is the part-structure schematic perspective view of drive electrode structure 12.First drive electrode layer 121 comprises a plurality of first bar shaped drive electrodes 1211 that laterally arrange.The a plurality of first bar shaped drive electrode, 1211 spaces and being arranged in parallel with each other, and arrange along first direction D1.The width of a plurality of first bar shaped drive electrodes 1211 equates.Spacing between the first adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode 1211 can be set according to the actual requirements, and is special, and the spacing between the first adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode 1211 equals the width of the first bar shaped drive electrode 1211.Similarly, second drive electrode layer 123 comprises a plurality of second bar shaped drive electrodes 1231 that laterally arrange, and arranges along second direction D2.The width of a plurality of second bar shaped drive electrodes 1231 equates.The a plurality of second bar shaped drive electrode, 1231 spaces and being arranged in parallel with each other; Spacing between the second adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode 1231 can be set according to the actual requirements; Special, the spacing between the second adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode 1231 equals the width of the second bar shaped drive electrode 1231.Usually, first direction D1 becomes certain included angle with second direction D2, and is special, and first direction D1 is vertical each other with second direction D2.
Further; Because display panel 2 is generally the form that matrix pixel is arranged, first direction D1 or second direction D2 can be parallel to display panel 2 line of pixels column directions, in order further to optimize display effect; Reduce the optical interference between light guide panel 1 and the display panel 2; Can make first direction D1 become certain included angle with display panel 2 line of pixels column directions respectively,, improve display effect to reduce the generation of phenomenons such as moir with second direction D2.
First polaroid 10 is arranged on the outside of first substrate 11, a promptly relative side with first alignment film 13, and the polarization direction of first polaroid 10 is parallel with first alignment film 13; Second polaroid 18 is arranged on the outside of second substrate 17, a promptly relative side with second alignment film 15, and the polarization direction of second polaroid 18 is parallel with second alignment film 15.Certainly, in some follow-on design, first polaroid 10 and second polaroid 18 also can be arranged on the inboard of first substrate 11 and second substrate 17, do not do concrete qualification at this.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, all extend along first bearing of trend polarization direction of the alignment direction of first both alignment layers 13, first polaroid 10; All extend along second bearing of trend polarization direction of the alignment direction of second both alignment layers 15, second polaroid 18.Preferably, first bearing of trend is vertical each other with second bearing of trend.
Include the liquid crystal molecule of nematic in the liquid crystal layer 14, under the alignment effect of first both alignment layers 13 and second both alignment layers 15, nematic crystal molecule 1 41 forms aligned twisted structure as shown in Figure 2.
Preferably, first substrate 11 and second substrate 17 are glass substrate, can certainly be the transparency carriers of other material, as long as make light to see through, do not enumerate one by one here.
Preferably, drive electrode structure 12 is transparency conducting layer with public electrode structure 16, for example can be indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ITO) or indium-zinc oxide (Indium Zinc Oxide IZO), does not enumerate here one by one.
See also Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the principle of work synoptic diagram of light guide panel 1 shown in Figure 2.First drive electrode layer 121 is unsettled; Apply identical driving voltage in second drive electrode layer 123; Apply common electric voltage on the public electrode structure 16; Thereby between second drive electrode layer 123 and public electrode structure 16, form highfield, drives liquid crystal molecules is arranged according to direction of an electric field, and the slit grating function is achieved.At this moment; When the polarization direction polarized light identical (representing its polarization direction) with black circle with the polarization direction of second polaroid 18 by second substrate 17 when first substrate, 11 directions are propagated; In second drive electrode layer, 123 corresponding strip zone, polarized light can pass second substrate 17, and liquid crystal molecule does not change the polarization direction of polarized light simultaneously; Then polarized light can't pass through first polaroid 10, outside first substrate 11, forms dark fringe (or claiming the shading striped); Spacer region corresponding strip zone in second drive electrode layer 123; Polarized light passes second substrate 17; Under the effect of the liquid crystal molecule 141 of aligned twisted; The polarization direction of polarized light is changed into the polarized light (with strigula represent its polarization direction) identical with first polaroid, 10 polarization directions gradually, and then polarized light can pass through first polaroid 10, outside first substrate 11, forms bright fringes (or claiming the printing opacity striped).Shading striped and printing opacity striped are alternately arranged, act on similar with common slit grating, thereby formation liquid crystal slit grating, specifically slit grating as shown in Figure 5.
Because driving voltage is applied to second drive electrode layer 123, the light and shade striped of corresponding liquid crystal slit is parallel to the bearing of trend D2 of the second bar shaped drive electrode 1231.
Because slit grating cooperates display panel to realize that the method for stereo display is known by present technique field those skilled in the art, repeats no more at this.
When about 90 degree of 3 d display device 100 rotations are watched, slit shown in Figure 5 can not satisfy the needs of stereo display, and can't form stereo display, experience thereby influence stereos copic viewing.
The present invention be through following method about 90 o'clock of 3 d display device 100 rotation, still can realize bore hole stereo display.
See also Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the principle of work synoptic diagram when turning 90 degrees that revolves of light guide panel 1 shown in Figure 2.At this moment; Second drive electrode layer 123 is unsettled; On first drive electrode layer 121, apply identical driving voltage, apply common electric voltage on the public electrode structure 16, thereby between first drive electrode layer 121 and public electrode structure 16, form highfield; Drives liquid crystal molecules is arranged according to direction of an electric field, and the slit grating function is achieved.At this moment; When the polarization direction polarized light identical (representing its polarization direction) with the section horizontal line with the polarization direction of second polaroid 18 by second substrate 17 when first substrate, 11 directions are propagated; In first drive electrode layer, 121 corresponding strip zone, polarized light can pass second substrate 17, and liquid crystal molecule does not change the polarization direction of polarized light simultaneously; Then polarized light can't pass through first polaroid 10, outside first substrate 11, forms dark fringe (or claiming the shading striped); Spacer region corresponding strip zone in first drive electrode layer 121; Polarized light passes second substrate 17; Under the effect of the liquid crystal molecule 141 of aligned twisted; The polarization direction of polarized light is changed into the polarized light (with black circle represent its polarization direction) identical with first polaroid, 10 polarization directions gradually, and then polarized light can pass through first polaroid 10, outside first substrate 11, forms bright fringes (or claiming the printing opacity striped).Shading striped and printing opacity striped are alternately arranged, act on similar with common slit grating, thereby formation liquid crystal slit grating, specifically slit grating as shown in Figure 7.
Because driving voltage is applied to first drive electrode layer 121, the light and shade striped of corresponding liquid crystal slit is parallel to the bearing of trend D1 of the first bar shaped drive electrode 1211.
At this moment, when the rotary viewing angle variation about 90 degree takes place relatively for beholder and 3 d display device 100, still can realize bore hole stereo display, improve beholder's stereoscopic vision greatly and experienced.
Can know through foregoing; Because the distance of the slit grating distance display panel 2 through driving the both direction that the first bar shaped drive electrode 1211 or the second bar shaped drive electrode 1231 produce is consistent; Be equivalent to slit grating has been rotated certain angle, thereby make the best viewing location of stereo display of both direction identical, thereby in the switching of the direction of carrying out stereo display; Do not need the beholder shift position, just can obtain identical bore hole stereoscopic vision and experience
Certainly; Angle detection device can be set, detect the relative angle relation of beholder and 3 d display device 100 in real time, according to user's actual viewing angle; The grating slit of real-time automatic adjustment light guide panel 1 is experienced for the user brings automatic stereos copic viewing.
Be appreciated that; The foregoing description is just listed and has been lifted the structure that drive electrode structure 12 comprises two-layer bearing of trend different bar shaped drive electrode, further extends, in some variant embodiment; Can also make drive electrode structure 12 comprise the more bar shaped drive electrode of multilayer; With the demand of the stereo display of satisfying different angles, its structure is similar with 3 d display device 1 with principle, repeats no more at this.
Compared to prior art, the light guide panel 1 of 3 d display device 100 of the present invention adopts the liquid crystal slit grating, and the drive electrode structure 12 of liquid crystal slit grating is arranged to double-decker, that is, and and first drive electrode layer 121 and second drive electrode layer 123.Wherein the strip electrode bearing of trend of first drive electrode layer 121 is different from second drive electrode layer 123; Just can on first drive electrode layer 121 and second drive electrode layer 123, apply driving voltage respectively through simple driving like this; To form the slit grating of both direction respectively, can realize bore hole stereo display thereby satisfy on both direction.And because the distance of the slit grating distance display panel 2 of both direction is consistent; Thereby make the best viewing location of stereo display of both direction identical; In the switching of the direction of carrying out stereo display; Do not need the beholder shift position, just can obtain identical bore hole stereoscopic vision and experience.3 d display device 100 not only can be realized freely switching between the plane/stereo demonstration, can also realize two, and very the stereo display of a plurality of directions of person is switched, and has satisfied the demand of watching of user's different visual angles.
In the above-described embodiments, only the present invention has been carried out exemplary description, but those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications to the present invention after reading present patent application under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. 3 d display device; Comprise display panel and light guide panel; Said light guide panel is arranged on the display surface of said display panel, and said light guide panel is used for the anaglyph light of the demonstration of said display panel is directed to predetermined locus, visual field, thereby realizes stereo display; It is characterized in that; Said light guide panel is electric controlled slit grating, and it forms down the different multiple slit grating of bearing of trend automatically controlled, and the said multiple slit grating that forms is consistent with distance between the display panel.
2. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said light guide panel is the liquid crystal slit grating; It comprises first polaroid, first substrate, drive electrode structure, first both alignment layers, liquid crystal layer, second both alignment layers, public electrode structure, second substrate and second polaroid that is cascading; Wherein said drive electrode structure comprises the drive electrode layer of a plurality of range upon range of settings, through forming the different slit grating of multiple bearing of trend forming corresponding electric field between said drive electrode layer and the said public electrode structure respectively.
3. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, mutually insulated setting between the drive electrode layer of said a plurality of range upon range of settings.
4. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the bar shaped drive electrode that said arbitrary drive electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaces and is arranged in parallel with each other.
5. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the width of a plurality of bar shaped drive electrodes in the said same drive electrode layer equates, and the interval between the adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode equates.
6. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the interval between the adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode equals the width of a strip electrode.
7. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the quantity of said drive electrode layer is two, and the bearing of trend that said two drive electrode layer drive the slit grating that forms is vertical each other.
8. 3 d display device as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said display panel is display panels or Plasmia indicating panel or organic electroluminescence display panel; And the stereoscopic parallax image light of its generation is a polarized light, and the polarization direction of said polarized light is consistent with the polarization direction of the polaroid of the light guide panel of closing on.
9. liquid crystal slit grating; Comprise: first polaroid that is cascading, first substrate, drive electrode structure, first both alignment layers, liquid crystal layer, second both alignment layers, public electrode structure, second substrate and second polaroid; Wherein said drive electrode structure comprises the drive electrode layer of a plurality of range upon range of settings, through forming the different slit grating of multiple bearing of trend forming corresponding electric field between said drive electrode layer and the said public electrode structure respectively.
10. liquid crystal slit grating as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Mutually insulated setting between the drive electrode layer of said a plurality of range upon range of settings; And the width of a plurality of bar shaped drive electrodes in the bar shaped drive electrode that said arbitrary drive electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaces and is arranged in parallel with each other, said same drive electrode layer equates, and the interval between the adjacent arbitrarily bar shaped drive electrode equates.
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| CN201110439498.8A CN102436100B (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Stereo display device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102707446A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-10-03 | 天马微电子股份有限公司 | Double-vision display device |
| CN102707515A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-10-03 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal grating, preparation method of liquid crystal grating, 3D (three- dimensional) display part and 3D display device |
| CN102854628A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102981321A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-03-20 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | Liquid crystal slit grating and three-dimensional display device and manufacturing method of liquid crystal slit grating and three-dimensional display device |
| CN103135280A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-06-05 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | Liquid crystal barrier grid stereo display system |
| CN103576408A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 株式会社日本显示器 | Stereoscopic display apparatus |
| WO2019047851A1 (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel assembly and display method therefor |
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| CN102207632A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-10-05 | 上海理工大学 | Stereoscopic display |
| CN102262478A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-11-30 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Touch type liquid crystal slit grating, stereo display device and computer system |
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| CN102262478A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-11-30 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Touch type liquid crystal slit grating, stereo display device and computer system |
| CN102207632A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-10-05 | 上海理工大学 | Stereoscopic display |
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| CN102707515A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2012-10-03 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal grating, preparation method of liquid crystal grating, 3D (three- dimensional) display part and 3D display device |
| CN102707515B (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-10-09 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal grating, preparation method of liquid crystal grating, 3D (three- dimensional) display part and 3D display device |
| WO2013163872A1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-07 | 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 | Liquid crystal grating and preparation method thereof, and 3d display |
| CN102707446A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-10-03 | 天马微电子股份有限公司 | Double-vision display device |
| US9442297B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2016-09-13 | Japan Display Inc. | Stereoscopic display apparatus having liquid crystal lens, which pitches are changeable according to a position of an observer |
| CN103576408B (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2017-04-12 | 株式会社日本显示器 | Stereoscopic display apparatus |
| CN103576408A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-12 | 株式会社日本显示器 | Stereoscopic display apparatus |
| CN102854628A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102854628B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2015-02-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102981321A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-03-20 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | Liquid crystal slit grating and three-dimensional display device and manufacturing method of liquid crystal slit grating and three-dimensional display device |
| CN103135280B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2016-05-25 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | A kind of liquid crystal barrier three-dimensional display system |
| CN102981321B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-09-02 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | A kind of liquid crystal slit grating, 3 d display device and method for making |
| CN103135280A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-06-05 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | Liquid crystal barrier grid stereo display system |
| WO2019047851A1 (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel assembly and display method therefor |
| US11281065B2 (en) | 2017-09-06 | 2022-03-22 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display panel assembly and display method thereof |
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