CN102425496A

CN102425496A - Piston-type four-stroke cylinder-changing gas distribution engine

Info

Publication number: CN102425496A
Application number: CN2011103670764A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘若丹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-11-18
Filing date: 2011-11-18
Publication date: 2012-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-18
Also published as: CN102425496B

Abstract

The invention discloses a piston-type four-stroke cylinder-changing gas distribution engine which mainly consists of a crank shaft, a double-piston double-rod connecting rod, a double-cylinder body with a rotor shaft and an cylinder cap assembly, wherein the rotor shaft is positioned at the middle of a left cylinder body and a right cylinder body in the double-cylinder body, the top of the double-cylinder body is semicircular or hemispherical, and the top of the double-cylinder body is in sliding fit with the cylinder cap; and the double-piston double-rod connecting rod moves in the double-cylinder body, the double-cylinder body reflects around the rotating shaft of a cylinder in a reciprocation manner, the double-cylinder body, the air inlet and exhaust port of the cylinder cap and a middle public gasbag chamber air port naturally form a scavenging valve in an inswept manner, and the gas distribution of the piston-type engine is finished in a cylinder-changing manner. Compared with the prior art, the engine provided by the invention has the advantages of greatly improving the real output power of the engine, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the engine, reducing the barycenter of the engine and achieving the effects of synergism, energy conservation and emission reduction.

Description

Piston four stroke changes cylinder distribution engine

Technical field

The invention belongs to internal combustion piston engine, particularly rotatable cylinder and the connecting rod nature that is synchronized with the movement forms the internal combustion piston engine change cylinder distribution mode.

Background technique

Existing piston four stroke engine all must have like camshaft, valve (valve), valve spring, rocking arm, tappet, timing sprocket and chain or Timing Belt wheel and belt; Or the like the cammingly gas distribution system of precision-fit, in the motor manufacture cost, account for very big proportion; This gas distribution system can consume a large amount of useful work and keep rerunning of motor; Mainly show: when the acting stroke will finish, when exhaust will begin; Gas expand into maximum in the cylinder; Pressure reaches maximum in the cylinder; All directions unit area pressure equates in the cylinder, and this moment, cam was pushed valve open exhaust valve, the energy of consumption to overcome in-cylinder pressure by force in the export-oriented cylinder of cylinder; The unit area of exhaust valve in cylinder is big more, and institute's consumed power is big more; But in order more fully breathing, often valve to be done more, to well imagine; In order to keep rerunning of motor; The lot of consumption useful work promotes whole distribution device work, accomplishes the distribution process, and this is that all cammingly distribution four stroke engine all have, unsurmountable shortcoming.

In addition; The special gas distribution system of existing reciprocating engine occupies very big proportion aspect manufacture cost and judge motor advanced; In fact the advance of saying certain motor just is meant the advance of this gas distribution system; Outstanding distribution just can have the performance in brilliance, and still, the performance of this brilliance must be the higher cost and the heavy burden of power consumpiton.In short: existing reciprocating engine has higher manufacture cost and higher power dissipation, and the shortcoming of high center of gravity and larger volume.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of piston four stroke and change cylinder distribution engine; With the two cylinder block that have rotating shaft; Cooperate the two bar connecting rods of the double-piston that has slideway, the two bar connecting rods of double-piston slide in two cylinders, so that two cylinder block is around cylinder rotating shaft deflection back and forth; And form scavenging air valve with inswept mode between inlet and outlet road junction on the cylinder head and the public gasbag chamber gas port, thereby accomplish the distribution of motor to change the cylinder mode.

The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of piston four stroke changes cylinder distribution engine; Comprise cylinder block; Be arranged on the piston rod in the cylinder block, the bent axle that connects with connecting rod, said cylinder block is the two cylinder block that have rotating shaft: left and right cylinder vertically is set up in parallel; The rotating shaft integrated setting is at left and right cylinder medium position, and rotating shaft is installed in rotation on machine (shell) frame; Two cylinder block top is semi circular surface or hemisphere face, and the centre of sphere of the center of circle of this semicircle or this hemisphere is positioned on the axis of rotating shaft, and inlet casing mouth and exhaust casing mouth are arranged at two cylinder block top; The cylinder head that is fixed on the frame cooperates with two cylinder block top slide; Air inlet road junction and exhaust road junction and public gasbag chamber gas port are arranged on the cylinder head, and the public gasbag chamber at cylinder head top is provided with spark plug that stretches into from outside to inside and the automatically controlled nozzle that is used for the in-cylinder direct injection fuel oil;

Said piston rod is the two bar connecting rods of double-piston: connected to form in order by two pistons, two bar connecting rod shank and connecting rod cap, and form the crankshaft installed hole between connecting rod cap and the two bar connecting rod shank; When piston was positioned at top dead center or lower dead center, the exhaust casing mouth at two cylinder block top was between exhaust road junction on the cylinder head and public gasbag chamber gas port, and the inlet casing mouth at two cylinder block top is between air inlet road junction on the cylinder head and public gasbag chamber gas port.

The two bar bar linkage structures of above-mentioned double-piston are: each piston both sides has the slideway of elongation, the cross section circle radius of both sides slideway equals piston radius; Each slideway inboard is fluted; There are piston axis hole, each connecting rod shank both sides to be respectively equipped with on each piston as the fin that matches with the groove of piston slideway; The connecting rod small end axis hole is arranged on each connecting rod shank; Fin on two bar connecting rod shanks inserts in the respective slot on two pistons, and two piston shaft insert respectively in corresponding piston axis hole and the connecting rod small end axis hole and form a fixed connection, and connecting rod cap is through being bolted on two bar connecting rod shanks.

The two bar bar linkage structures of above-mentioned double-piston are: the double-piston axis hole is arranged on each piston; Each connecting rod shank both sides is set with slideway in two bar connecting rod shanks; The cross section circle radius of both sides slideway equals piston radius; Two bar connecting rod shanks insert in two pistons, and piston shaft is inserted into the double-piston axis hole of alignment and microcephaly's twin shaft hole formation of two bar connecting rod shanks is fixedly connected, and connecting rod cap is through being bolted on two bar connecting rod shanks.

Air inlet road junction on the above-mentioned cylinder head, exhaust road junction and public gasbag chamber gas port are the squirrel-cage opening.

Be lined with half-watt between above-mentioned cylinder head and the two cylinder block, be provided with a half-watt in the crankshaft installed hole of said pair of bar connecting rod shank; All be lined with cylinder liner in the cylinder body of said pair of cylinder block.

Be provided with oil guide slot in the two bar connecting rods of above-mentioned double-piston; Be provided with the cooling chamber of walking around left and right cylinder in the said pair of cylinder block, and the import of cooling chamber is separately positioned on the two ends of rotating shaft with outlet.

Also have outer cylinder cap, outer cylinder cap fit is installed on the cylinder head; Also have cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism: the oil pump outlet connects one-way valve and oil hydraulic cylinder in order, and the oil pump outlet connects the spill valve import simultaneously, and the spill valve outlet is connected with fuel tank, and the valve core spring power of spill valve is greater than the valve core spring power of one-way valve; Above-mentioned oil hydraulic cylinder is arranged on outer shell and covers, and the plunger hydraulic piston abuts of oil hydraulic cylinder is on cylinder head.

Also have two cylinder block flexible pipe cooling units: the guide wheel that all is fixed with spiral line type on the rotating shaft two ends; The import of the cooling chamber of two cylinder block is fixed with a conduit respectively with exporting; Hollow hoses one end is fixed on the conduit through jump ring; The guide wheel that the other end is walked around in the rotating shaft is fixed on two cylinder block, and the useful joint that connects water tank on the other end.

Also have two cylinder block hard tube cooling units: the import of the cooling chamber of two cylinder block is welded with a hollow hard tube respectively with outlet; Hollow hard tube shape in the shape of a spiral is coiled in the rotating shaft; The inner warp of hollow hard tube fixedly is fixed in the rotating shaft on the island; The useful fixed tray that connects water tank in hollow hard tube outer end, fixed tray is through being bolted on two cylinder block.

Described piston four stroke changes cylinder distribution engine and changes the scuffing of cylinder bore air-distribution engines and V-type eight cylinder piston four strokes change the application in the scuffing of cylinder bore air-distribution engines at the in-line four cylinder piston four stroke.

The reciprocating engine of the inclined to one side conversion cylinder mode of cylinder of the present invention distribution mainly is made up of main assemblies such as the two bar connecting rods of bent axle, double-piston, the rotating pair of cylinder block, cylinder head.Wherein, the two bar connecting rods of double-piston: branch is provided with slideway in addition in the shaft both sides of the two bar connecting rods of double-piston, and the slideway of double-piston and connecting rod both sides is to be used for being linked in the rotating pair of cylinder, and wherein, slideway cross section, connecting rod both sides circular arc line equates with the cylinder liner internal diameter; During the bent axle drivening rod; The slideway of connecting rod both sides slides in cylinder; It is parallel that connecting rod and cylinder liner are remained; Connecting rod is with bent axle deflection, drives whole pair of cylinder block by the two bar connecting rods of double-piston and along the cylinder rotating shaft deflection back and forth takes place, thereby make the effect of formation scavenging air valve between two cylinder block and the gas port on the cylinder head and the public gasbag chamber of deflection.

Rotating pair of cylinder block: a cylinder block is provided with two cylinders arranged side by side, and cylinder liner is housed in the cylinder, and cylinder block is provided with the cylinder rotating shaft, and the orientation of said two cylinders arranged side by side is vertical with bent axle, and the cylinder rotating shaft is parallel with bent axle; The cylinder rotating shaft makes two cylinder block can deflection along rotating shaft; The two cylinder block top that has rotating shaft is semicircular, and this semicircle is the concentric circle of cylinder rotating shaft; On the semicircle of twin-rotor housing top, wear-resisting half-watt is housed; (above-mentioned said " semicircle " is not necessarily absolute semicircle, and its arc length can be greater than or less than the semicircle arc length).

Cylinder head: cylinder head matches with rotating pair of cylinder block, and cylinder head also is a circular arc with the fitting surface of two cylinder block; The both sides of cylinder head are respectively equipped with intake duct and air outlet flue, and the centre of air flue is provided with public gasbag chamber in both sides.

Sealing between the cylinder head and the rotating pair of cylinder block has two kinds of methods:

First method: fixed air cylinder cap form promptly is set at critical gap, adjustment regularly in use or the mode of changing during fabrication.(critical gap is meant rotating minimum clearance between cylinder head and the two cylinder block).

Second method: cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mode, only narrate this mode in this article, be means of fixation because remove hydraulic way.Literary composition details cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mode in the back.

The water-cooling pattern of the two cylinder block in the deflection swing has two kinds of methods:

First method: with the hollow hoses of soft material; For example have the rubber pipe of muscle silk or plastic hollow flexible pipe of band helical spring steel wire or the like; One end of hollow hoses is connected on the immovable point, and the other end is connected on two cylinder block of certain oscillator arc, utilizes the pliability and the anti-flexibility of flexible pipe; And get the flexible pipe of sufficient length; Select the flexible pipe of suitable shape and suitable connecting means (the back literary composition details) for use, with importing and derive in two cylinder block of cooling liquid from swing, reach dynamic cylinder body cooling purpose by flexible pipe.

Second method: the hollow tubular of relative hard material, the PPR tubes of material that for example plasticity is bigger in the plastics, or have metallic material pipe of very big Young's modulus etc.; In the elastic properties of materials scope, because tubular material resiliently deformable in the longitudinal direction is directly proportional with the length of this material; Utilize this character, flat or oblate is made in the hollow tubular cross section of hard material, be convenient to bending; And hard tube is made into helix shape; After becoming a few with sufficient length hard tube dish, will enclose an outer end and be connected on the immovable point, will enclose an interior end and be connected in the cylinder rotating shaft; When cylinder rotating shaft back and forth during deflection; The distortional stress of hard tube is distributed in the expansion and contraction deformation of each circle, with importing and derive in two cylinder block of cooling liquid from swing, reaches dynamic cylinder body cooling purpose by hard tube.

Piston type changes the groundwork process of cylinder distribution engine: the two bar connecting rods of double-piston that have slideway; Cooperate with the two cylinder block that have rotating shaft; Bent axle drives the two bar link motions of double-piston; Slideway on the connecting rod slides in cylinder, drives whole pair of cylinder block by the two bar connecting rods of double-piston and along the cylinder rotating shaft deflection back and forth takes place, thereby make the effect of formation scavenging air valve between two cylinder block and the inlet, outlet road junction on the cylinder head and the public gasbag chamber mouth of deflection; Because the cylinder rotating shaft is provided in a side of the neutral position of two vertical cylinders, i.e. the relative cylinder rotating shaft of each cylinder is other putting, and; Cylinder deflection orphan degree according to the bent axle size is set is limited; So during cylinder deflection, cylinder port all the time can only inswept exhaust road junction and public gasbag chamber mouth; The another cylinder port all the time can only inswept public gasbag chamber mouth and air inlet road junction; Therefore, a cylinder only works the function that fires with exhaust, and the another cylinder only plays the function of air inlet and compression; Wherein, between two cylinders, from being compressed to the process between firing; Be that a cylinder is with the air that sucks in; It is indoor to be compressed to public air bag, through the inclined to one side conversion cylinder of cylinder to another cylinder, at this moment; Carry out oil spout (in-cylinder direct injection) and accomplish mixing and plug ignition of fuel oil and gas in that public air bag is indoor, completion firing acting in this cylinder.

Because the two bar connecting rods of double-piston are that an integral body moves up and down in two cylinders, are synchronous so double-piston is worked up and down, therefore, entire work process can simplified summary be:

During the double-piston DL synchronization, a cylinder fires, a cylinder intake; When piston was crossed down point, because cylinder deflection fires cylinder and leaves public gasbag chamber, the air inlet cylinder changed the public gasbag chamber of cylinder conducting rapidly;

During the double-piston uplink synchronization, a cylinder exhaust, a cylinder compression; When piston was crossed top dead center, because cylinder deflection, the relative cylinder of public gasbag chamber changed cylinder rapidly; That is: advance, pressure, quick-fried, row's four-journey, drive two cylinder deflections by the two bar connecting rods of double-piston and accomplish in two strokes up and down, therefore, it remains four stroke engine.

The present invention changes existing reciprocating engine and leans on cam to promote (valve) air gate distribution mode; Utilization has two cylinder block of rotating shaft; Cooperate the two bar connecting rods of the double-piston that has slideway; The two bar connecting rods of double-piston slide in two cylinder block; Make two cylinder block deflection back and forth take place, and form scavenging air valve naturally with inswept mode between inlet and outlet road junction on the cylinder head and the middle public gasbag chamber gas port, and accomplish the distribution of reciprocating engine to change the cylinder mode around cylinder axis.

Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is significantly to improve the motor real output; Significantly reduce the motor manufacture cost; And reduce the motor center of gravity, reach the effect that Synergistic and energy-saving reduces discharging.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front constitutional diagram that piston four stroke changes cylinder distribution engine.

Fig. 2 is that stereogram is formed in the split of first type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 3 is the overall perspective view of first type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 4 is the front view of first type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 5 is the side view of first type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view (from the center line section) of first type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 7 is that stereogram is formed in the split of second type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 8 is the overall perspective view of second type on the two bar connecting rods of double-piston.

Fig. 9 is the front view of two cylinder block.

Figure 10 is the side view of the two cylinder block of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is the sectional view of Figure 10 along the A-A line.

Figure 12 is the sectional view of Figure 10 along the B-B line.

Figure 13 is the stereogram of shown in Figure 9 pair of cylinder block.

Figure 14 is the hydraulic piston stereogram that changes on cylinder distribution engine and the cylinder head.

Figure 15 is the gas port of cylinder head shown in Figure 14 and the equivalent stereogram of air bag chamber shape profile.

Figure 16 is the stereogram of cylinder head shown in Figure 14.

Figure 17 is the equivalent stereogram of the shape profile of air flue and gasbag chamber on the cylinder head shown in Figure 16.

Figure 18 can reduce wear in the practical application, the shape stereogram of the inlet and outlet road junction of mouse cage type structure (left and right each 1) and public gasbag chamber gas port (middle 1).

Figure 19 is that two cylinder port are enterprising between cylinder head when piston during in lower dead center, the positive face upwarding stereogram in position when closing between exhaust road junction and the public gasbag chamber gas port.

Figure 20 is equipped with the two cylinder block of the arc surface whole schematic isometric that matches with the arc surface cylinder head.

Figure 21 is the isoboles of the shape profile that matches with cylinder head of shown in Figure 20 pair of cylinder block.

Figure 22 is the stereogram of the arc surface cylinder head of another kind of shape.

Figure 23 is the stereogram of the wear-resisting half-watt of cylinder of the arc surface that is used for matching with the two cylinder block end faces of arc surface shown in Figure 24.

Figure 24 is the stereogram of the two cylinder block of the rotating arc surface of another kind of shape (having axle).

Figure 25, Figure 26, Figure 27, Figure 28 are respectively engine crankshafts when counterclockwise direction is rotated one-period, and two cylinders open and close and change that cylinder is accomplished into, pressure, quick-fried, row's four-journey state procedure periodogram.

Figure 29 is the hydraulic control circuit figure of interstitial fluid pressure compensation method between two cylinder block and the cylinder head.

Figure 30 is the instance graph of Figure 29.

Figure 31 is the schematic representation that connects the water-cooled method of work of dynamic deflection cylinder block with hollow hoses.

Figure 32, Figure 33, Figure 34, Figure 35 are respectively two cylinder block deflection one-period processes, when hollow hoses is worked on the guide wheel of spiral line type, and the successive views of the lax situation of change of curling of hollow hoses.

Figure 36 is the schematic representation of dynamic deflection cylinder block with the water-cooled method of work of the hollow hard material pipe connection of helix shape.

Figure 37 is the thin portion stereogram that Figure 36 amplifies.

Figure 38 is the side sectional block diagram of Figure 37.

Figure 39, Figure 40, Figure 41, Figure 42 are respectively that the hollow hard material pipe of helix is with cylinder deflection swing one-period work schematic representation.

Figure 43 is that the in-line four cylinder piston four stroke changes the cylinder distribution engine stereogram.

Figure 44 is that V-type eight cylinder piston four strokes change the cylinder distribution engine stereogram.

Embodiment

Specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

1, piston four stroke changes shape, effect and the whole formation of cylinder distribution engine main working parts:

Fig. 1 illustrates; The reciprocating engine of the inclined to one side conversion cylinder mode of the cylinder distribution that is driven by the two bar connecting rods of double-piston mainly comprises: main assemblies such as bent axle 1, the two bar connecting rods 2 of double-piston that have slideway, the rotating pair of cylinder block 3, cylinder head 4, outer cylinder cap 5 are formed; Auxiliary device has: hydraulic lash compensation device, cylinder water cooling plant.

Wherein:

(1) bent axle is common bent axle.

(2) composition that has the two bar connecting rods of double-piston of slideway (is called for short under " the two bar connecting rods of double-piston that have slideway ": the two bar connecting rods of double-piston); The effect that has the two bar connecting rods of double-piston of slideway is: piston and slideway slide in cylinder, control cylinder deflection in the time of the piston acting.

The two bar connecting rods of double-piston (connected to form in order by two pistons, two bar connecting rod shank and connecting rod cap, and form the crankshaft installed hole between connecting rod cap and the two bar connecting rod shank) have two types: see Fig. 2, Fig. 3 for first kind; See Fig. 7, Fig. 8 for second kind.

Introduce first kind earlier:

1. the shape and structure of the two bar connecting rods 21 of first kind of double-piston: piston 210 shapes such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are to compare with pot type piston referring to Fig. 4, its major character of Fig. 5, and each piston both sides has the slideway 210a (also can be described as the shirt rim) of elongation; (the cross section circle radius of both sides slideway equals piston radius) each slideway inboard is provided with groove 210b, and groove is used for the fin 211a fit with two bar connecting rod shanks; (annotate: pistion recess is relative with the fin of two bar connecting rod shanks, also can be designed to the piston fin, and two bar connecting rod shanks are groove); Piston 210 is provided with piston axis hole 210c;

See among Fig. 2 that two bar connecting rod shanks 211 are provided with fin 211a separately in two bars both sides of connecting rod, be used for cooperating with the groove 210b of piston; The microcephaly of two bar connecting rod shanks 211 is provided with connecting rod small end axis hole 211b; Internal cross section place at two bar connecting rods; See Fig. 6; Be provided with the oil guide slot (hole) that is used for lube pistons both sides slideway, oil guide slot has two sections, and one section is the oil guide slot 211c that on two bar connecting rod shanks 211, forms; One section is the oil guide slot 210d that on piston 210, forms, so the whole oil guide slot of connecting rod is this combination oil guide slot of two sections;

Connecting rod cap 212 among Fig. 2 (through being bolted on two bar connecting rod shanks), (connecting rod) bolt 213, axle half-watt 214 (being arranged in the crankshaft installed hole on two bar connecting rod shanks), piston shaft 215; Piston shaft jump ring (omitting).

Groove 210b on the piston 210 is nested among the fin 211a on two bar connecting rod shanks, makes up, and is connected its pinning among the piston axis hole 210c that piston shaft 215 is inserted into alignment and the connecting rod small end axis hole 211b; Ask for an interview the stereogram 3 after two bar connecting rod assemblies.

2. second type shape and structure of the two bar connecting rods of double-piston:

Like Fig. 7 and Fig. 8: second kind of two bar connecting rod 22 of double-piston just are that with the difference of the two bar connecting rods 21 of first kind of double-piston the slideway 221a of second kind of double-piston pair bar connecting rod 22 is (the cross section circle radius of the both sides slideway 221a of each connecting rod equals piston radius) that are fixedly installed on its pair bar connecting rod shank 221; The piston 220 of the two bar connecting rods of double-piston is independent settings; Piston 220 is provided with double-piston axis hole 220a (also can be designed to the single shaft hole); Also be provided with microcephaly's twin shaft hole 221b on the microcephaly of corresponding connecting rod shank.

The assembling of piston 220 and connecting rod shank 221 is to be inserted among microcephaly's twin shaft hole 221b of double-piston axis hole 220a and connecting rod shank of alignment through piston shaft 222 to be connected; Other part combination back as three-dimensional shown in Figure 8.

Like Fig. 3, Fig. 8, second kind of two bar connecting rod of double-piston and first kind of two bar connecting rod of double-piston all are the two bar connecting rods of double-piston that have slideway, except that above-mentioned difference; Both are at good and bad difference: the slideway of first kind of two bar connecting rod 21 of double-piston is on piston, and the slideway of second kind of two bar connecting rod 22 of double-piston is on connecting rod shank (all there is slideway each connecting rod shank both sides, and the cross section circle radius of both sides slideway equals piston radius); When intensity is enough; In order to make two bar connecting rods lighter, piston uses light aluminum alloy material etc. usually, and connecting rod shank is then used casting alloy steel etc.; Therefore; The two bar connecting rods 21 of double-piston are lighter, can produce more smaller tremors, more are superior to the two bar connecting rods 22 of double-piston.

But though what difference is arranged, the two bar connecting rods of double-piston have one to hold jointly and levy, and can drive the slideway that cylinder rotates be exactly all have on the connecting rod shank.

(3) composition of rotating pair of cylinder block 3: see Fig. 9 to Figure 13, on two cylinder block 3 (left and right cylinder vertically is set up in parallel), be provided with two cylinder-bore, both sides are integrated outside two cylinder block is provided with cylinder rotating shaft 33; Two cylinder block top is circular radius face (or claim arc shaped surface, promptly transverse cross sectional is arc among Fig. 9, vertically dissects to be straight line), and this semicircle is the concentric circle of cylinder rotating shaft (being positioned at left and right cylinder middle part); In two cylinder-bore of two cylinder block, (being lined with) cylinder liner 34 is housed separately respectively; Inlet casing mouth 32 and exhaust casing mouth 31 (for the ease of narration and difference, we claim that two cylinder port at two cylinder-bore tops are called inlet casing mouth 32 and exhaust casing mouth 31 respectively) are arranged at the cylinder block top.On the semicircle of two cylinder block top and the half-watt 35 of high-abrasive material is housed between the cylinder head; Also be provided with oil guide slot 36 on the half-watt 35; Figure 11, Figure 12 are the sectional view of two cylinder block both directions; Illustrated among the figure from cylinder interior; Walk around cylinder body (walking around left and right cylinder) both sides and run through two cylinder block, be used for the waterway 37 of coolant flow, and the import of waterway and exit position (referring to Figure 12 and Figure 26); The import of waterway and exit position (in Figure 12 on the two ends of cylinder rotating shaft) do not limit, and need to confirm (literary composition details behind the concrete water-cooling method) according to concrete water-cooling method.

(4) composition of cylinder head 4: see Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17; In order to come into plain view; Air flue and gasbag chamber are explained with the mode of shape profile, so Figure 15 is the shape profile isoboles of Figure 14 cylinder head 4 air flues and gasbag chamber, Figure 17 is the isoboles of Figure 16 shape profile.

Cylinder head 4 is provided with cylinder head semi circular surface 41 among Figure 16, and two cylinder block tops semi circular surface is slidingly fitted among cylinder head semi circular surface and Figure 13, and the cylinder head semi circular surface also is the concentric circle (cylinder head is fixed on the frame, is actionless) of cylinder rotating shaft; Among Figure 15 and Figure 17, be respectively equipped with intake duct 42, air outlet flue 43 (left side or right who is definite for intake duct or air outlet flue turn to according to bent axle in the reality, intake duct, air outlet flue are confirmed with the rotation of bent axle inhour among Figure 15) in the both sides of cylinder head; Intake duct 42 extends to air outlet flue 43 and forms air inlet road junction 42a and exhaust road junction 43a on the cylinder head semi circular surface, and shape as shown in Figure 16; Like Figure 15, Figure 16, shown in Figure 17, between intake duct and air outlet flue, be provided with public gasbag chamber 44, on public gasbag chamber, be provided with spark plug 6 that stretches into from outside to inside and the automatically controlled nozzle 7 that is used for in-cylinder direct injection; By the indoor shape that extends outwardly into the public gasbag chamber gas port 44a on the cylinder head semi circular surface of public air bag as shown in Figure 16; In order to reduce the wearing and tearing between cylinder head and the two cylinder block; Inlet and outlet road junction 42a, 43a and public gasbag chamber gas port 44a; Should be designed to shown in Figure 180 in actual use; Have certain thickness, the inlet and outlet road junction of squirrel-cage hatch frame (or claim the compartment opening, or claim the louvre type opening) and the shape of public gasbag chamber gas port.

About the distance setting between inlet and outlet road junction and public this three of gasbag chamber gas port, see Figure 19, be when piston during at following (or on) stop, exhaust road junction 43a and public gasbag chamber gas port 44a are in figure between the left hand cylinder mouth (being exhaust casing mouth 31); Public gasbag chamber gas port 44a and air inlet road junction 42a are in figure between the right side cylinder port (being inlet casing mouth 32); (cylinder port just refers to the suitable for reading of cylinder, sees cylinder port among Figure 11 and Figure 13, says accurately not comprise cylinder liner, referring to Figure 31).

Just the spacing between exhaust road junction 43a and the public gasbag chamber gas port 44a is more than or equal to the distance of a cylinder port (being exhaust casing mouth 31) in left side; Spacing between public gasbag chamber gas port 44a and the air inlet road junction 42a is more than or equal to the distance of a cylinder port (being inlet casing mouth 32) on right side; (distance of cylinder port is not the cylinder diameter of a circle, is meant the curve distance of cylinder port and cylinder head connecting part arc surface, and promptly the curve distance of a cylinder port is seen Figure 19, Figure 31).

Such distance can guarantee, when piston during at last (or down) stop, two cylinders all are in closed condition.

See Figure 14 and Fig. 1, the cylinder head top is provided with the plunger hydraulic piston 101a that is used for gap between complemental air cylinder cap and the two cylinder block; (hydraulic piston is set on the cylinder head has various ways, and this plunger hydraulic piston is giving an example for explanation cylinder gap compensation hydraulic method just; What originally give an example is that cylinder gap compensation hydraulic method is two hydraulic cylinders, and this method is useful in equally single hydraulic cylinder or a plurality of hydraulic cylinder situation are set on the cylinder head, is not the restriction to the method).

(5) composition of outer cylinder cap 5: as shown in Figure 1, outer cylinder cap 5 is that fit is installed on the cylinder head 4, and outer shell covers and is provided with the hydraulic cylinder 101 that matches with cylinder head top plunger formula hydraulic piston 101a;

(in reality, can conversely hydraulic cylinder be set on cylinder head yet, the plunger hydraulic piston is set on the cylinder cap outside, this is not certain).

Outer shell covers and is provided with the hydraulic pressure oil duct; Hydraulically-controlled one-way valve; (it only is for illustrating that hydraulic pressure oil duct and hydraulically-controlled one-way valve are provided with in Fig. 1, and physical location can be provided with arbitrarily).

(6) the another kind of shape and the composition of rotating pair of cylinder block and head:

With two cylinder block of Figure 13 (among Figure 11; Horizontal section is an arc shaped surface; Longitudinal profile is a straight line) compare, Figure 24 is a rotating pair of cylinder block of another kind of shape, its cylinder end face is (or hemisphere or part sphere) of circular arc at the vertical and horizontal section; Basic identical among other position shapes of two cylinder block and Figure 13; We claim that two cylinder block are the two cylinder block of arc surface among Figure 24.

Compare with Figure 18 cylinder head, Figure 22 illustrates the arc surface cylinder head of another kind of shape, its cylinder head is used for the surface of contact that matches with shown in Figure 24 pair of cylinder block, is circular arc at horizontal and vertical section; Other positions, basic identical like inlet and outlet road and public gasbag chamber etc. with cylinder head shown in Figure 18;

Figure 23 is the wear-resisting half-watt of cylinder of the arc surface that is used for matching with the two cylinder block end faces of Figure 24 arc surface;

Figure 20 installs the two cylinder block (Figure 24) of the arc surface complete machine diagrammatic sketch that matches with arc surface cylinder head (Figure 22), the isoboles of Figure 21 shape profile that to be Figure 20 match with cylinder head about two cylinder block.

2, piston four stroke changes the working procedure of cylinder distribution engine: bent axle drives the two bar connecting rods of double-piston and in having two cylinders of rotating shaft, moves up and down; When the slideway on two bar connecting rods slides in cylinder; Two bar connecting rods drive whole pair of cylinder block and along the cylinder rotating shaft deflection back and forth take place, and make the effect of formation scavenging air valve between two cylinder block and the inlet and outlet road junction on the cylinder head and the public gasbag chamber mouth of deflection; Because the cylinder rotating shaft is provided in a side of the neutral position of two vertical cylinders, i.e. the relative cylinder rotating shaft of each cylinder is other putting, and; The bent axle size defines cylinder deflection orphan degree; So during cylinder deflection, cylinder can only deflection between exhaust road junction and public gasbag chamber mouth; The another cylinder can only deflection between public gasbag chamber mouth and air inlet road junction; Just, cylinder port all the time can only inswept exhaust road junction and public gasbag chamber mouth; The another cylinder port all the time can only inswept public gasbag chamber mouth and air inlet road junction; Therefore, a cylinder only works the function that fires with exhaust, and the another cylinder only plays the function of air inlet and compression; Wherein, being compressed to the process between firing, is that a cylinder is with the air that sucks in; It is indoor to be compressed to public air bag, through the inclined to one side conversion cylinder of cylinder to another cylinder, at this moment; At indoor oil spout (in-cylinder direct injection) and the plug ignition of carrying out of public air bag, accomplish to fire acting by this cylinder.

See Figure 27, therefore, we call a cylinder: air inlet-compression cylinder (right cylinder); Another cylinder is called: fire-exhaust casing (left hand cylinder); See engine rotation one-period Figure 25, Figure 26, Figure 27, Figure 28, establish that bent axle rotates along counterclockwise direction among the figure, so among the figure, left cylinder is for firing-exhaust casing; Right cylinder is air inlet-compression cylinder.

Figure 25, piston fire-exhaust casing is between air outlet flue and the public gasbag chamber when top dead center; This cylinder is in closed condition; Air inlet-compression cylinder is between public gasbag chamber and the air outlet flue; This cylinder also is in closing state.

Figure 26, bent axle are along inhour, and when forwarding about 90 ° to, two cylinders deflection simultaneously suitable for reading the right fires-exhaust casing and public gasbag chamber conducting, fires; Air inlet-compression cylinder and intake duct conducting, suck air.

Figure 27, bent axle be again along inhour, and when forwarding about 180 ° to, piston fires-exhaust casing is between air outlet flue and the public gasbag chamber when lower dead center; This cylinder is in closed condition; Air inlet-compression cylinder is between public gasbag chamber and the air outlet flue; This cylinder also is in closing state.

Figure 28, bent axle are along inhour, and when forwarding about 270 ° to, two cylinders while left suitable for reading fires-exhaust casing and air outlet flue conducting, carries out exhaust; Air inlet-compression cylinder and public gasbag chamber conducting conducting, the air compression of inspiration is indoor to public air bag.

In the above-mentioned periodic process, from Figure 26 and Figure 28, can find out especially, change cylinder distribution process and be exactly: along with the deflection of cylinder, Figure 26, (right side) air inlet-compression cylinder is indoor to public air bag with the air compression of inspiration; Also in this process, along with the deflection of cylinder, Figure 26 is to Figure 28; (left side) fire-exhaust casing again with public gasbag chamber conducting conducting; And, accomplish to fire acting by this cylinder at indoor oil spout (in-cylinder direct injection) and the plug ignition of carrying out of public air bag, with cylinder deflection waste gas is discharged.

3, cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism between cylinder head and the two cylinder block:

See Figure 14 and Fig. 1, the cylinder head top is provided with the plunger hydraulic piston that is used for gap between complemental air cylinder cap and the two cylinder block; See Fig. 1, outer cylinder cap is that fit is installed on the cylinder head, and outer shell covers and is provided with the hydraulic cylinder that matches with the plunger hydraulic piston; Outer shell covers and is provided with the hydraulic pressure oil duct; Hydraulically-controlled one-way valve;

Between desirable cylinder head and the two cylinder block, when both relative movement, can keep intimate-association state all the time; And; Cylinder head can not produce excessive active pressure to the junction plane of two cylinder block again, and produces deflection resistance and excessive wear, conversely; During powerful reaction force when cylinder head receives cylinder and fires, between cylinder head and the two cylinder block (can not separate) also can keep this intimate-association state; Even if after being worn, also can keep this intimate-association state constant.

Cylinder gap compensation hydraulic method can satisfy above-mentioned requirements:

See Figure 29, Figure 30; The hydraulic control loop of cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism is cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism (outer cylinder cap 5 fits is installed on the cylinder head 4): oil pump 104 outlets connect one-way valve 102 and oil hydraulic cylinder 101 in order; The oil pump outlet connects spill valve 103 imports simultaneously; The spill valve outlet is connected with fuel tank 105, and the valve core spring power of spill valve is greater than the valve core spring power of one-way valve; Above-mentioned oil hydraulic cylinder 101 is arranged on the outer cylinder cap 5, and the plunger hydraulic piston 101a of oil hydraulic cylinder 101 is resisted against on the cylinder head 4.(relief valve and one-way valve are arranged in the outer cylinder cap Figure 30; Hydraulic pressure oil duct in outer cylinder cap is communicated with) be the instance graph of Figure 29; Relief valve 103 among the figure is (at the inner valve core spring of structure of relief valve; Call the valve core spring in the following text), set relief valve 103 interior valve core springs greater than the valve core spring in the one-way valve 102; When oil pump 104 fuel feeding, because relief valve 103 valve core springs are greater than one-way valve 102 valve core springs, so in the oil circuit, closed condition is done at the relief valve place; Hydraulic oil backs down the valve core spring in the one-way valve, forward conduction, and fuel feeding in the oil hydraulic cylinder 101 on cylinder head 4 is after filling with hydraulic oil in the oil hydraulic cylinder 101; Pressure rises, the closed check valve locking, and hydraulic oil backs down the built-in valve core spring of relief valve in the loop, makes the conducting of the main valve heart; At this moment, relief valve conducting, hydraulic oil flow oil sump tank 105; When if cylinder pressure descends, said process can be repeated automatically in the hydraulic control loop, keeps the oil hydraulic cylinder internal pressure constant; Relief valve mainly plays the pressure limiting effect in the loop, so the pressure that cylinder head acts on two cylinder block just equals the pressure sum that the sagging weight of cylinder head adds that the relief valve spring is set; Because the hydraulic oil in the oil hydraulic cylinder can not be compressed, so it can bear the powerful reaction force when firing from cylinder again; Can find out that to sum up cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism can satisfy the requirement of above-mentioned approximate ideal state, make between cylinder head and the two cylinder block can keep intimate-association state all the time.In the hydraulic control loop of cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism, also can adopt pilot operated compound relief valve.Direct-acting overflow valve or pilot operated compound relief valve and one-way valve all are the application of existing technology in this patent.

4, the water-cooling pattern of dynamic deflection cylinder block:

(1) the dynamic water-cooled method of work that connects with hollow hoses of deflection cylinder block:

For example use and have rubber that the muscle silk thread makes as base material or soft plastic material; Have the hollow hoses of the anti-aging character of certain oil resistant heatproof etc., the characteristic of its water-cooled method of work: be that a end with hollow hoses is connected with water tank, the other end is connected on two cylinder block of certain oscillator arc; The pliability of utilizing flexible pipe is with bad flexible; And get the flexible pipe of sufficient length, select the flexible pipe of suitable shape and suitable connecting means for use, by flexible pipe with cold true liquid; Import in two cylinder block from swing and derive, reach the cold true purpose of dynamic cylinder body.In fact back and forth the cylinder block of deflection requires hollow hoses long-term work under the condition of fixing shake arc exactly concerning hollow hoses.

Be with the hollow hoses of concrete shape and concrete connecting means below, explain water-cooled method of work that hollow hoses connects for example:

See that Figure 12 is the sectional view of two cylinder block, shown in the figure, cylinder block inside is used for the moving waterway of cold true flow, walks around cylinder body both sides cylinder body and runs through, and the import of waterway and outlet are arranged in the cylinder rotating shaft;

Figure 31 illustrates two cylinder block flexible pipe cooling units: the guide wheel 39 that all is fixed with spiral line type on rotating shaft 33 two ends; The import of the cooling chamber of two cylinder block 3 is fixed with a conduit 310 respectively with exporting; Hollow hoses 311 1 ends are fixed on the conduit 310 through jump ring 312; The guide wheel 39 that the other end is walked around in the rotating shaft 33 is fixed on two cylinder block, and the useful joint 38 that connects water tank on the other end.

The cylinder rotating shaft 33 of two cylinder block is provided with the guide wheel 39 of spiral line type, and (guide wheel of spiral line type and round guide wheel all are suitable for; Just the former is more near flexible pipe natural torsion degree); As shown in the figure, the origin or beginning place of the guide wheel of spiral line type is equipped with a conduit 310 that links to each other with cylinder waterway outlet (or import); One of hollow hoses 311 is connected on the conduit at guide wheel origin or beginning place, and with jump ring 312 flexible pipe is tightened; Hollow hoses shape shown in figure 31 is on the groove of the guide wheel 39 of spiral line type; Joint 38 (joint is fixed on the cylinder body, to connect water tank) is arranged on the other end of hollow hoses; At two cylinder block upper cylinder rotating shaft the other ends, also according to connecting another root flexible pipe with quadrat method.So just formed the water-cooled turnover loop of two cylinder block.

Figure 32, Figure 33, Figure 34, Figure 35; Be two cylinder block deflection one-period processes; When hollow hoses is worked on the guide wheel of spiral line type, the successive views of the lax situation of change of curling of hollow hoses, wherein: hollow hoses is in a state of nature when Figure 32 and Figure 34; When Figure 33 cylinder changeed to a lateral deviation, flexible pipe was a relaxed state; Figure 35 cylinder is when opposite side deflection, and flexible pipe is a rolled state.Continue to rotate with motor, the water-cooled flexible pipe is just worked under the fixedly shake arc that continues between lax and curling.Can find out among the figure that the guide wheel of spiral line type mainly acts on and is, slow down the tortuosity that hollow hoses curls and relaxes in dynamically.

The water-cooled method of work that connects dynamic deflection cylinder block with hollow hoses is a lot; As long as hose length long enough; Select the flexible pipe of suitable material, shape and suitable connecting means for use, just can make flexible pipe ultra-long time work in deflection back and forth, reach the cold true purpose of dynamic cylinder body.

(2) dynamically the deflection cylinder block with the water-cooled method of work of the hollow hard tube connection of helix shape:

Adopt the hollow tubular of relative hard material, the PPR tubes of material that for example plasticity is bigger in the plastics, or have metal spring material of very big Young's modulus or the like; We know that in the elastic properties of materials scope, material resiliently deformable in the longitudinal direction is to be directly proportional with the length of this material, same material just, if length is long more, its deformable amount is also big more; Utilize this character, the hollow tubular cross section of hard material is made flat or oblate, be convenient to bending; Make as far as possible material internal everywhere adaptability to changes drive in unanimity, and hard tube is made into helix shape at length direction, become a few with sufficient length hard tube dish after; To enclose an outer end is connected on the body immovable point; An end in the circle is connected on the cooling chamber import or export of cylinder rotating shaft,, the distortional stress of hard tube is distributed in expansion and contraction deformation of each circle when cylinder rotating shaft back and forth during deflection; The hard tube amount of deformation of helix shape is remained in the elastic range of material;, import in the two cylinder block from swing and derive cold true liquid by hard tube, reach the cold true purpose of dynamic cylinder body.

Figure 36 Figure 37 illustrates two cylinder block hard tube cooling units: the import of the cooling chamber of two cylinder block 3 is welded with a hollow hard tube 313 respectively with outlet; Hollow hard tube shape in the shape of a spiral is coiled in the rotating shaft 33; The inner warp of hollow hard tube fixedly is fixed in the rotating shaft on island 315; The useful fixed tray 316 that connects water tank in hollow hard tube outer end, fixed tray is through being bolted on two cylinder block.

Figure 36 is by the helix shape water cooling tube of hard material and cooperating of cylinder; Figure 37 is the amplification detail drawing of Figure 36; Wherein, The spiral ring of the hollow water cooling tube of helix (being hollow hard tube 313) is provided with the fixed tray 316 of volute to an end of inner rotary, with bolt the fixed tray of volute is fixed on body seat 314 (being frame) and goes up (also this place of expression is connected with water tank); The spiral ring of the hollow water cooling tube of helix is an end of rotation inwardly, by twines and is welded in the cylinder rotating shaft 33 with cylinder on waterway 37 conductings, referring to Figure 38, two helix water cooling tubes twine the import that also is welded on waterway in the cylinder rotating shaft and export; Near an end of the spiral ring inward direction of the hollow water cooling tube of helix rotation, be provided with fixedly island 315 of helix; Fixedly the island is pinned the both sides of the hollow water cooling tube of helix and is fixed in the rotating shaft; One side can prevent that the weld of spiral ring winding cylinder rotating shaft from being impacted by power; Opposite side can make the helix hollow tubular can be freely produce lax and tensioning as in the dish type coil spring shape, swinging with cylinder deflection; Its swing process lax and tensioning sees that the hollow hard material pipe of helix is with cylinder deflection swing one-period work signal Figure 39, Figure 40, Figure 41, Figure 42.

To dynamic deflection cylinder block, the feasibility of the water-cooled method of work that connects with the hollow hard tube of helix shape, be because, the deflection angle back and forth of deflection cylinder is to immobilize, the deflection angle of cylinder rotating shaft just is constant; The pairing arc length of same corner is relevant with circle radius on the circumference, and just fixedly fixedly the swinging arc located of island is just more little the closer to the axle center on the island for helix; In Figure 39 and Figure 41, piston is in top dead center and bottom dead center position respectively, and the hollow water cooling tube of helix all is in the natural reset condition that material does not have distortion, and Figure 40 cylinder is to a side maximum deflection, and Figure 42 cylinder is to the opposite side maximum deflection; (under bent axle in this example and the ratio situation between the cylinder, about 15 ° in cylinder to the maximum deflection angle of a side, and; Fixedly the island is nearer apart from the axle center of circle) this shows; Fixedly the swinging arc to the both sides yaw displacement is very little from the central position for island clamping water cooling tube, and the distortion of hard material hollow tubular can be protected in the elastic range of material, therefore; To dynamic deflection cylinder block, the water-cooled method of work that connects with the hollow hard tube of helix shape is feasible.

5, piston four stroke changes the form of cylinder distribution engine:

More than narration only is that piston four stroke changes cylinder distribution engine; The groundwork unit of forming by two cylinders; Various combination with the groundwork unit that changes cylinder distribution engine can produce, and changes cylinder distribution engine like Figure 43 in-line four cylinder piston four stroke; Change cylinder distribution engine or the like like Figure 44 V-type eight cylinder piston four strokes.

Claims

1. a piston four stroke changes cylinder distribution engine, comprises cylinder block; Be arranged on the piston rod in the cylinder block; The bent axle that connects with connecting rod (1) is characterized in that, said cylinder block is the two cylinder block (3) that have rotating shaft: left and right cylinder vertically is set up in parallel; Rotating shaft (33) integrated setting is at left and right cylinder medium position, and rotating shaft (33) is installed in rotation on the frame; Two cylinder block top is semi circular surface or hemisphere face, and the centre of sphere of the center of circle of this semicircle or this hemisphere is positioned on the axis of rotating shaft (33), and inlet casing mouth (32) and exhaust casing mouth (31) are arranged at two cylinder block top; The cylinder head (4) that is fixed on the frame cooperates with two cylinder block (3) top slide; Air inlet road junction (42a) and exhaust road junction (43a) and public gasbag chamber gas port (44a) are arranged on the cylinder head (4), and the public gasbag chamber (44) at cylinder head top is provided with spark plug (6) that stretches into from outside to inside and the automatically controlled nozzle (7) that is used for the in-cylinder direct injection fuel oil;

Said piston rod is the two bar connecting rods of double-piston: connected to form in order by two pistons, two bar connecting rod shank (211) and connecting rod cap (212), and form the crankshaft installed hole between connecting rod cap and the two bar connecting rod shank; When piston is positioned at top dead center or lower dead center; The exhaust casing mouth (31) at two cylinder block (3) top is positioned between the exhaust road junction (43a) and public gasbag chamber gas port (44a) on the cylinder head (4), and the inlet casing mouth (32) at two cylinder block top is positioned between the air inlet road junction (42a) and public gasbag chamber gas port (44a) on the cylinder head (4).

2. piston four stroke according to claim 1 changes cylinder distribution engine; It is characterized in that; The two bar bar linkage structures of said double-piston are: each piston (210) both sides have the slideway (210a) of elongation, the cross section circle radius of both sides slideway equals piston radius; Each slideway inboard fluted (210b); Have piston axis hole (210c), each connecting rod shank both sides to be respectively equipped with as the fin (211a) that matches with the groove (210b) of piston slideway on each piston, connecting rod small end axis hole (211b) is arranged on each connecting rod shank, the fin on two bar connecting rod shanks inserts in the respective slot on two pistons; Two piston shaft (215) insert respectively in corresponding piston axis hole and the connecting rod small end axis hole and form a fixed connection, and connecting rod cap (212) is fixed on two bar connecting rod shanks (211) through bolt (213).

3. piston four stroke according to claim 1 changes cylinder distribution engine; It is characterized in that; The two bar bar linkage structures of said double-piston are: double-piston axis hole (220a) is arranged on each piston; Each connecting rod shank both sides is set with slideway in two bar connecting rod shanks (221), and the cross section circle radius of both sides slideway equals piston radius, and two bar connecting rod shanks insert in two pistons; Piston shaft (222) is inserted into the double-piston axis hole of alignment and microcephaly's twin shaft hole formation of two bar connecting rod shanks is fixedly connected, and connecting rod cap is through being bolted on two bar connecting rod shanks.

4. change cylinder distribution engine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described piston four strokes, it is characterized in that, the air inlet road junction (42a) on the said cylinder head (4), exhaust road junction (43a) and public gasbag chamber gas port (44a) are the squirrel-cage opening.

5. change cylinder distribution engine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described piston four strokes; It is characterized in that; Be lined with half-watt (35) between said cylinder head (4) and the two cylinder block (3), be provided with a half-watt (214) in the crankshaft installed hole of said pair of bar connecting rod shank; All be lined with cylinder liner (34) in the cylinder body of said pair of cylinder block (3).

6. change cylinder distribution engine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described piston four strokes, it is characterized in that, be provided with oil guide slot in the two bar connecting rods of said double-piston; Be provided with the cooling chamber (37) of walking around left and right cylinder in the said pair of cylinder block (3), and the import of cooling chamber and outlet are separately positioned on the two ends of rotating shaft (33).

7. piston four stroke according to claim 6 changes cylinder distribution engine, it is characterized in that, also has outer cylinder cap (5), and outer cylinder cap (5) fit is installed on the cylinder head (4); Also have cylinder gap compensation hydraulic mechanism: oil pump (104) outlet connects one-way valve (102) and oil hydraulic cylinder (101) in order; The oil pump outlet connects spill valve (103) import simultaneously; The spill valve outlet is connected with fuel tank (105), and the valve core spring power of spill valve is greater than the valve core spring power of one-way valve; Above-mentioned oil hydraulic cylinder (101) is arranged on the outer cylinder cap (5), and the plunger hydraulic piston (101a) of oil hydraulic cylinder (101) is resisted against on the cylinder head (4).

8. piston four stroke according to claim 6 changes cylinder distribution engine; It is characterized in that; Also have two cylinder block flexible pipe cooling units: the guide wheel (39) that all is fixed with spiral line type on rotating shaft (33) two ends; The import of the cooling chamber of two cylinder block (3) is fixed with a conduit (310) respectively with exporting; Hollow hoses (311) one ends are fixed on the conduit (310) through jump ring (312), and the guide wheel (39) that the other end is walked around in the rotating shaft (33) is fixed on two cylinder block, and the useful joint (38) that connects water tank on the other end.

9. piston four stroke according to claim 6 changes cylinder distribution engine; It is characterized in that; Also have two cylinder block hard tube cooling units: the import of the cooling chamber of two cylinder block (3) is welded with a hollow hard tube (313) respectively with outlet, and hollow hard tube shape in the shape of a spiral is coiled in the rotating shaft (33), and the inner warp of hollow hard tube fixedly island (315) is fixed in the rotating shaft; The useful fixed tray (316) that connects water tank in hollow hard tube outer end, fixed tray is through being bolted on two cylinder block.

10. a piston four stroke as claimed in claim 1 changes cylinder distribution engine and changes the scuffing of cylinder bore air-distribution engines and V-type eight cylinder piston four strokes change the application in the scuffing of cylinder bore air-distribution engines at the in-line four cylinder piston four stroke.