CN102418499A

CN102418499A - Pneumatic oilfield pumping unit

Info

Publication number: CN102418499A
Application number: CN2011104243723A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘典军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-19
Filing date: 2011-12-19
Publication date: 2012-04-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a pneumatic oilfield pumping unit, which comprises a base and a support arranged on the base; a bearing seat is arranged on the support; a walking beam is arranged on the bearing seat; a horse head is arranged at one end of the walking beam; a beam hanger is arranged on the horse head; streamline cavities are respectively formed at two ends of the walking beam; a pipe for connecting the two cavities is arranged in the walking beam; the pipe is communicated with the cavities to form a sealed cavity; the sealed cavity is full of a fluid substance; an air bag is arranged in the sealed cavity; the air bag is provided with an air inlet passage and an air outlet passage, and the air inlet passage and the air outlet passage are connected with reversing slide valves; the air inlets of the reversing slide valves are connected with a gas source, and the reversing slide valves are arranged on two sides of the walking beam close to the midpoint; and an arc cam is arranged on the support. The pumping unit does not need a power grid, so the cost is saved and the electrical energy is saved; the pumping unit works by using gravitational potential energy and stops working during blocking, so the problem that a motor is burnt in the conventional pumping unit is avoided and the fault rate is low; and the compressed air can be recycled, so the work efficiency of the pumping unit is extremely high.

Description

Pneumatic oil-field oil pumper

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oil pumper, specifically, is a kind of pneumatic oil-field oil pumper.

Background technology

Petroleum chemical industry is the basic activity of the national economic development, also is the big power consumer simultaneously.At present, the recoverable amount of oil pumper is more than 100,000 in the China's oil chemical industry, and motor installation total capacity is at 3500MW, and annual power consumption exceedes 10,000,000,000 kWh.The operational efficiency of oil pumper is extremely low, is 25.96% in China's average efficiency, and external average level is 30.05%, and year energy-conservation potentiality can reach tens kWh.Mostly the oil field of China is low energy, the stripper field of hyposmosis, and most of oil field will lean on water filling to press oil to go into well, from the stratum, elevates oil with oil pumper again.Changing oil or change oil with electricity with water is the reality in China oil field, thereby the electricity charge have accounted for sizable ratio in the cost of oil production of China, so petroleum industry is attached great importance to saves energy.For many years, each oil recovery factory is devoted to solve the power saving of oil pumper always.

Traditional oil-field oil pumper is commonly the beam type oil pumper of kowtowing, and numerous quantity are the varying loadings that has impact because the oil field oil production machine is produced the motor load of the oil pumper that uses; Particularly viscous crude and high concretio well, this situation is even more serious, in order to make the motor stabilizing operation that drags oil pumper; And certain overload capacity is arranged, need to come auxiliary motor, be generally 20kW to 30kW by the peak power of oil pumper; Motor drives mechanical system through gearbox and releases oil; Each well head all will be installed such beam type oil pumper equipment of kowtowing, and needs supporting safe and reliable mains supply system between well head and the import, if distance is distant between well head and the well head; Electrical network has very big inhibition to electric current, and the energy has been caused very big waste.And in order to guarantee motor automatic power-off protection under the situation of overload, also need design and installation to center on a whole set of protection system of motor, system's very complicated and costing an arm and a leg.Traditional kowtow oil pumper also ubiquity starting-impact big, the operation power consumption is many, the excessive inefficiency that causes of power; Etc. problems, the oil well situation is complicated in addition, and viscous crude, wax deposition, husky card phenomenon are more; Phenomenons such as disconnected bar, burning motor often take place, and the maintenance of equipment amount is big.

Summary of the invention

It is big to the present invention is directed to the power consumption of traditional oil-field oil pumper, complex structure, and shortcoming such as fault rate is high, and the maintenance of equipment amount is big has designed a kind of pneumatic oil-field oil pumper.

Pneumatic oil-field oil pumper of the present invention comprises base, is installed in the support on the base; Bearing support is installed on the support, and walking beam is installed on the bearing support, and horse head is installed in walking beam one end; Polished rod eye is installed on the horse head, and the walking beam two ends are separately installed with fairshaped cavity, and the pipeline that connects two cavitys is installed in walking beam; Pipeline is communicated with into an annular seal space with cavity, is full of flowing material in the annular seal space, and air bag is installed in the cavity; Air bag is provided with inlet channel and outlet passageway, and inlet channel is connected with reversing slide valve with outlet passageway, and the air inlet port of reversing slide valve links to each other with source of the gas; Reversing slide valve is installed on the walking beam near the both sides of mid point, and arc-shaped cam also is installed on the support.

Preferably, to be installed in the bearing support be 225 ° and 315 ° of positions on the circumference in the center of circle to described arc-shaped cam.

Pneumatic oil-field oil pumper of the present invention with the compressed air-driven oil pumper, need not to lay electrical network, has practiced thrift expense; Save electric energy, oil pumper utilizes the gravitional force acting, need not consider the situation of oil well during use, and running into obstruction can quit work; Can not look like the problem that motor appears burning in traditional oil pumper, thereby fault rate is low, work safety; Need not to be provided with safety system, compressed air can be recycled, and operating efficiency is high.Can use the wind drive compressor to collect compressed air, the compressed air of collection just can directly drive the pneumatic oil pump operation of pumping on the spot, has reduced the region restriction.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a pneumatic oil-field oil pumper structure chart of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

Pneumatic oil-field oil pumper of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise base 1; Be installed in the support 2 on the base 1, bearing support 3 is installed on the support 2, walking beam 4 is installed on the bearing support 3; Horse head 5 is installed in walking beam 4 one ends, and polished rod eye 6 is installed on the horse head 5, and walking beam 4 two ends are separately installed with fairshaped cavity 7; The pipeline that connects two cavitys 7 is installed in walking beam 4, and pipeline is communicated with into an annular seal space with cavity 7, is full of flowing material in the annular seal space; In the cavity 7 air bag is installed, air bag is provided with inlet channel and outlet passageway, and inlet channel is connected with reversing slide valve 8 with outlet passageway; The air inlet port of reversing slide valve 8 links to each other with source of the gas, and reversing slide valve 8 is installed on the walking beam 4 near the both sides of mid point, and arc-shaped cam 9 also is installed on the support 2.

It is 225 ° and 315 ° of positions on the circumference in the center of circle that described arc-shaped cam 9 is installed in bearing support 3.

The annular seal space that pipeline and cavity are communicated with, wherein cavity and the pipeline that is connected cavity are all filled flowing material; Air bag in another cavity will charge into corresponding compressed air in advance; Air bag is fully expanded, be used for air in the emptying cavity space, make it form vacuum; So that flowing material from following cavity high speed transfer to the process of top cavity; Can not receive the resistance of air, and the compressed air in the interior air bag of cavity above directly pushing, for ready in the air bag that is recycled to next pneumatic oil-field oil pumper.

The reversing slide valve that pipeline is installed respectively near the both sides of the position at center; Be used for the air bag in the cavity of control piper both sides air inlet and give vent to anger; Reversing slide valve is the stroke guiding valve of cam control; Its Stroke Control end is positioned at the outside that is fixed on the arc-shaped cam on the frame, and when walking beam moved up and down, the arc-shaped cam that is fixed on the frame was static.Therefore arc-shaped cam will touch the roller of the Stroke Control end of reversing slide valve, makes its displacement switching-over, just can control the air inlet of air bag and gives vent to anger.

When pneumatic oil-field oil pumper was worked, the tee junction house steward in the middle of compressed air at first gets into was divided into two-way then; Insert the air inlet port of two reversing slide valves of pneumatic oil-field oil pumper respectively, the reversing slide valve that wherein is in 315 ° of positions is installed in the arc-shaped cam of 315 ° of positions on the frame and opens, the reversing slide valve action; Inlet channel is opened, and outlet passageway is closed, and compressed air charges into rapidly in the air bag in the cavity that is in 315 ° of positions; Air bag expands, and flowing material is expressed in the cavity that is in 135 ° of positions, meanwhile fast; Above the reversing slide valve of 135 ° of positions be in normally open, inlet channel is closed, outlet passageway is opened; Because charged into compressed air in advance in the air bag, so these compressed air carry the pressure of self, flowing material above-mentioned in addition is to its extruding; Through corresponding pipeline, can be recycled in the air bag in the cavity of 315 ° of positions in the 2nd the pneumatic oil-field oil pumper, be recycled to the 3rd pneumatic oil-field oil pumper after the 2nd the pneumatic oil-field oil pumper acting; By that analogy, circulation downwards.

The cavity that this moment, pneumatic oil-field oil pumper was arranged in 135 ° of positions is full of flowing material, and is full of compressed air in the cavity of 315 ° of positions, the center of gravity inversion; The cavity of 135 ° of positions, top is because the gravity of water makes the horse head that is installed in walking beam one end up, and pneumatic oil-field oil pumper is started working, and oil is drawn out of; When the cavity that is in 135 ° of positions goes downwards to 225 ° of positions, be installed in reversing slide valve on the pipeline and change the arc-shaped cam that is in 225 ° of positions and open the reversing slide valve action; Inlet channel is opened, and outlet passageway is closed, and compressed air just charges into rapidly in the air bag in the cavity that is in 225 ° of positions; Air bag expands, and flowing material is expressed to again in the cavity that is in 45 ° of positions, meanwhile fast; The reversing slide valve of corresponding 45 ° of positions is because having broken away from arc-shaped cam is in normally open, and inlet channel is closed, and outlet passageway is opened; Compressed air in the air bag carries the pressure of self, and flowing material is to its extruding, through corresponding pipeline in addition; Can be recycled in the air bag in the cavity of 225 ° of positions of the 2nd pneumatic oil-field oil pumper; Be recycled to the 3rd pneumatic oil-field oil pumper after the 2nd the pneumatic oil-field oil pumper acting, by that analogy, circulation downwards.

The cavity that this moment, pneumatic oil-field oil pumper was arranged in 45 ° of positions is full of flowing material; And be full of compressed air in the cavity of 225 ° of positions; The center of gravity inversion, the cavity of 45 ° of positions, top goes round and begins again because the gravity of water makes the horse head that is installed in walking beam one end descending like this; Pneumatic oil-field oil pumper just can not stop does the motion of kowtowing, the operation of pumping.

Claims

1. a pneumatic oil-field oil pumper is characterized in that, comprises base (1); Be installed in the support (2) on the base, bearing support (3) is installed on the support, walking beam (4) is installed on the bearing support (3); Horse head (5) is installed in walking beam (4) one ends, and polished rod eye (6) is installed on the horse head (5), and walking beam (4) two ends are separately installed with fairshaped cavity (7); The pipeline that connects two cavitys (7) is installed in walking beam (4), and pipeline is communicated with into an annular seal space with cavity (7), is full of flowing material in the annular seal space; Cavity is equipped with air bag in (7), and air bag is provided with inlet channel and outlet passageway, and inlet channel is connected with reversing slide valve (8) with outlet passageway; The air inlet port of reversing slide valve (8) links to each other with source of the gas, and reversing slide valve (8) is installed in walking beam (4) and goes up the both sides near mid point, and arc-shaped cam (9) also is installed on the support (2).2. pneumatic oil-field oil pumper according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is 225 ° and 315 ° of positions on the circumference in the center of circle that described arc-shaped cam (9) is installed in bearing support (3).