CN102416395A - Method for quickly removing harmful substances in refuse incineration fly ash - Google Patents

Method for quickly removing harmful substances in refuse incineration fly ash Download PDF

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CN102416395A
CN102416395A CN2011100621183A CN201110062118A CN102416395A CN 102416395 A CN102416395 A CN 102416395A CN 2011100621183 A CN2011100621183 A CN 2011100621183A CN 201110062118 A CN201110062118 A CN 201110062118A CN 102416395 A CN102416395 A CN 102416395A
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flying dust
fly ash
incineration fly
garbage incineration
clear water
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CN102416395B (en
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张坤森
邱孔滨
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NATIONAL UNITED UNIVERSITY
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NATIONAL UNITED UNIVERSITY
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for quickly removing harmful substances in waste incineration fly ash. Then solid-liquid separation is carried out on the fly ash slurry, the waste liquid is treated by a waste water treatment device, the dehydrated fly ash is dried and crushed, finally, the dissolution value of the toxic characteristic dissolution program and the total value of dioxin of the crushed fly ash are detected, and if the toxic characteristic dissolution value is qualified, the crushed fly ash is harmless and can be reused; if not, returning to the step of preparing the fly ash. The invention uses clean water as an extracting agent to extract the garbage incineration fly ash under the conditions of low liquid-solid ratio and high-speed stirring, so that a large amount of fly ash substances are easy to release and high-concentration hydroxide ions are generated in a liquid phase, and solid-phase species such as fly ash harmful lead and the like are utilized to form water-soluble species, so that harmful substances in the garbage incineration fly ash can be quickly and effectively removed, and the purposes of harmlessness and reutilization of the fly ash are achieved.

Description

Remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance fast
Technical field
The present invention is relevant with the processing technology field that the incineration of garbage produces harmful flying dust; More detailed is can heavy metal, dioxin material harmful in the garbage incineration fly ash be removed fast; Make and handle the back flying dust and detect and be lower than statutory standard, and become harmless and can utilize the method for the quick removal garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance of material again.
Background technology
The flying dust that rubbish produces after incineration process often is called garbage incineration fly ash.Because incinerate temperature often between 850-1050 ℃, the rubbish mid-boiling point incinerates the low heavy metal of temperature, promptly be prone to gasification, along with getting into, waste gas and flying dust incinerate in the empty dirty anti-control equipment of factory, and heavy metal condensation thereafter and majority are attached on the flying dust.In addition, if chlorinated organics etc. is arranged, incinerate and empty dirty prevent will having in the system process precursors synthetic (precursor synthesis) and synthetic (de novo synthesis) reaction again in the rubbish, the dioxin of formation trace, majority also invests on the flying dust with fixed attention.
Whether garbage incineration fly ash is harmful; Must assert the standard detection flying dust according to harmful cause discarded object: (1) toxicity characteristic stripping program (toxicity characteristic leaching procedure; TCLP) heavy metal concentration, and the total toxic equivalent concentration of (2) dioxin (being called for short the dioxin total amount).Domestic heavy metal concentration and the dioxin total amount of respectively incinerating the toxicity characteristic stripping program of factory's output flying dust of general regular detection; Mostly testing result is that lead exceedes the general statutory standard (like 5.0mg/L) of toxicity characteristic stripping program; Part then exceedes the statutory standard (like 1.0mg/L) of toxicity characteristic stripping program for cadmium (Cd), all the other heavy metal stripping values all are lower than toxicity characteristic stripping procedural rule standard.In addition, detect the dioxin total amount value of respectively incinerating factory's output flying dust and all be lower than general statutory standard (like 1.0ng I-TEQ/g).From the above, under environmental regulation now, garbage incineration fly ash all is that heavy metal exceedes due to the toxicity characteristic stripping procedural rule standard for harmful cause discarded object.
At present the processing mode of garbage incineration fly ash all will be harmful to flying dust and be cured/stabilization processes with cement and chemical stabilizer earlier, again the flyash curing thing will be transported to independently the sanitary landfilling field and bury.But this practice not only can't be utilized flying dust again, and increases volume of waste, the consumption landfill site confined space, the empty processing cost that increases; What is more, and the unreal or landfill site rainfall because of flyash curing is prone to cause harmful substance stripping in the flyash curing thing and pollutes the water and soil environment.Therefore; How no longer garbage incineration fly ash to be solidified and bury; And change with harmful substance in effective removal flying dust, make and handle the no HIC Head Injury Criterion (comprising the heavy metal stripping and the dioxin total amount standard that meet toxicity characteristic stripping program) that the back flying dust reaches rules, be the important topic that flying dust is marched toward and utilized.
The flying dust after the relevant rubbish of convention or incineration of other materials or the high-temperature process and the patent of end slag (bottom ash or bottom residue) treatment technology are a lot of; Do not give unnecessary details one by one here; Majority is the technology that adopts curing/stabilizing, gasification or high-temperature fusion, and its mechanism is respectively: mat immobilization and stabilisation medicament are difficult for stripping with the harmful substance immobilization of flying dust solid phase; Mat high temperature decomposes flying dust solid phase harmful substance or is converted into gaseous substance and shifts out; Except that mat high temperature decomposes flying dust solid phase harmful substance or is converted into gaseous substance and shifting out, goes back mat high temperature and make fusion of flying dust inorganic matter and then bag casket flying dust, therefore also be difficult for stripping.And the application inventor mainly is to adopt extraction mechanism to the treatment technology of flying dust; Be about to the flying dust harmful substance and be moved to liquid phase by solid phase and remove, ZL 200410102513.X " method that the heavy metal of fly ash derived from cremating disposables is removed " patent of invention that obtains like the application inventor's application.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of quick removal garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance; Its process object be refuse incinerator incinerate the back output converge flying dust (promptly getting into the flying dust that converges before the cured equipment); Can be fast and effectively remove the flying dust harmful substance; Make the harmless flying dust after the processing can be, reach purpose zero discarded, resource reutilization as the raw material that utilizes again.
For reaching aforementioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method of quick removal garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance comprises the following step at least:
Be on the waiting list flying dust and clear water: be on the waiting list converging flying dust and preparing required clear water of refuse incinerator's output that desire handles;
Stir extraction: under clear water and flying dust low liquid-solid ratio, clear water is added in the flying dust, and stir extraction;
Dipping extraction: flood the flying dust mud after the high rotating speed extraction, make that material continues to disengage from flying dust in the flying dust;
Separation of Solid and Liquid: the Separation of Solid and Liquid of flooding extraction back flying dust mud;
Oven dry: flying dust still contains moisture after the Separation of Solid and Liquid, so oven dry in advance;
Pulverize: the flying dust oven dry is prone to caking, and for the benefit of follow-up utilization again is so pulverize;
Detect: detect TCLP heavy metal stripping value and the dioxin total amount value of pulverizing flying dust; If qualified, then pulverize flying dust and be innocuous substance, can do follow-up utilization again; If not qualified, then return the step of being on the waiting list flying dust.
In above-mentioned step of being on the waiting list flying dust and clear water, flying dust is meant the flying dust that converges that the empty dirty anti-control equipment of refuse incinerator collects, and promptly gets into the flying dust that converges before the cured equipment.
In above-mentioned step of being on the waiting list flying dust and clear water, clear water is meant running water, distilled water or the water of handling through soft water.
In the step of above-mentioned stirring extraction, the weight ratio of clear water and flying dust (dry weight) is 2-5: 1, and speed of agitator is 500-1,500rpm, the time is 3-10 minute.
In the step of above-mentioned dipping extraction, the flying dust mud that stirs after extracting was left standstill 10-60 minute.
In the step of above-mentioned Separation of Solid and Liquid,, flying dust is separated with waste liquid with press filtration, vacuum filtration or centrifugal dewatering type.
In the step of above-mentioned oven dry, with the flying dust after 100-200 ℃ the temperature heating, drying Separation of Solid and Liquid.
In the step of above-mentioned pulverizing, the flying dust after will drying with the convention pulverizer is pulverized, and pulverizes the back particle size of fly ash less than 1.0mm.
In the step of above-mentioned detection, detection method and acceptance value standard test method and control value thereof by statute.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention utilizes inexpensive clear water as extractant; Fully use low liquid-solid ratio and high rotating speed operating condition; Heavy metal, dioxin material harmful in the garbage incineration fly ash are removed fast, and not only the processing time is short, cost is low, and it is all harmless to handle the back flying dust; Can be used as again the raw material that utilizes, reach purpose zero discarded, resource reutilization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention's one preferred embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Below, lift now the present invention's one preferred embodiment and conjunction with figs. do detailed explanation as after, wherein:
See also shown in Figure 1ly, the method for the quick removal garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance of the present invention's one preferred embodiment mainly comprises the following step:
First step of the present invention is for being on the waiting list flying dust and clear water 100: with refuse incinerator, flying dust promptly is the flying dust that converges of being on the waiting list the empty dirty anti-control equipment collection of refuse incinerator, the water that clear water can be running water, distilled water or handles through soft water.
Second step of the present invention is for stirring extraction 110: clear water added in the flying dust, flying dust and clear water fully stirred with high-revolving alr mode, and flying dust is broken, extract.The weight ratio of clear water and flying dust (dry weight) is 2-5: 1, and speed of agitator is 500-1,500rpm, the time is 3-10min.This step mainly is to utilize high rotating speed to stir broken flying dust, makes that material disengages fast and in a large number in the flying dust, can bring into play the mechanism of quick mass transport (mass transfer); Alkalies and alkaline earth oxide and water reaction form a large amount of OH in the flying dust in addition -Ion, because low liquid-solid ratio, so OH -Ion concentration is high, impels most Pb in the flying dust, Zn amphoteric metal species and partial C d species, with OH -Reaction forms soluble species and is moved to liquid phase, and other low heavy metal species of script concentration in the flying dust, the then easy sediment that forms hydroxide, this also is chemical reaction (chemical reaction) mechanism that the present invention intends utilization.
Third step of the present invention is dipping extraction 120: the flying dust mud that high rotating speed is stirred after extracting leaves standstill 10-60min, floods extraction.This step mainly is to make the material of broken flying dust continue to disengage and react, and especially this step can promote slower machine-processed the reaching of diffusion (diffusion) of reaction between solid-liquid.
The 4th step of the present invention is a Separation of Solid and Liquid 130: will flying dust be separated with waste liquid through the flying dust mud after the dipping extraction with press filtration, vacuum filtration or dewatering type such as centrifugal.This step mainly is to separate flying dust solids and waste liquid, the processing before doing to utilize again in order to the flying dust solids, and waste liquid is because of containing pollutant such as heavy metal, so must handle with sewage treatment equipment in addition.
The 5th step of the present invention is oven dry 140: with the flying dust after 100-200 ℃ the temperature heating, drying Separation of Solid and Liquid, to remove the moisture in the flying dust.
The 6th step of the present invention is for pulverizing 150: the flying dust after will drying with the convention disintegrating machine is pulverized, and pulverizing the back particle size of fly ash should be less than 1.0mm.The flying dust oven dry is prone to caking, and for the benefit of follow-up utilization again is so pulverize.
Final step of the present invention is for detecting 160: detect TCLP stripping value and the dioxin total amount value of pulverizing flying dust.If qualified, then pulverize flying dust and be the innocuous substance that can utilize again; If not qualified, then return the step of being on the waiting list flying dust and clear water 100.
In addition, the waste liquid after the Separation of Solid and Liquid because of containing pollutants such as heavy metal, is handled so should get into sewage treatment equipment.As for the dioxin of flying dust because of not soluble in water, acid and alkali; So the present invention utilizes high-speed stirred, broken flying dust, Separation of Solid and Liquid supervisor; Flying dust Central Plains has been lower than the micro-dioxin of statutory standard; What move in the waste water with waste water and superfine little colloid (colloid), and the dioxin of therefore handling back flying dust solids also is prone to be lower than statutory standard.
Below, be the flying dust that converges that incinerates factory with a certain bulky refuse of technical finesse of the present invention, the result is following:
Figure BDA0000050325200000041
Annotate :-for not detecting
By on can know that the present invention utilizes inexpensive clear water as extractant, fully use low liquid-solid ratio and high rotating speed operating condition, make that flying dust is broken to be prone to dissolve and produce high concentration OH -, harmful species such as favourable Pb move to liquid phase by solid phase, and not only the processing time is short, cost is low, and it is all harmless to handle the back flying dust, can be used as the raw material that utilizes again, reaches purpose zero discarded, resource reutilization; Therefore, the present invention meets the important document of patent of invention really, files an application in the whence in accordance with the law.

Claims (9)

1. method of removing fast the garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance is characterized in that this method comprises following steps at least:
Be on the waiting list flying dust and clear water: be on the waiting list converging flying dust and preparing clear water of refuse incinerator's generation as extractant;
Stir extraction: clear water is added in the flying dust, flying dust and clear water are fully stirred with alr mode, and flying dust is broken, extract;
Dipping extraction: leave standstill the flying dust mud that stirs after extracting, flood extraction;
Separation of Solid and Liquid: flood the dehydration of extraction back flying dust mud, flying dust is separated with waste liquid;
Oven dry: the flying dust after the Separation of Solid and Liquid is dried;
Pulverize: will dry flying dust and pulverize; And
Detect: detect toxicity characteristic stripping program stripping value and the dioxin total amount value of pulverizing flying dust,, then pulverize flying dust and be the innocuous substance that can utilize again if qualified; If not qualified, then return the step of being on the waiting list flying dust and clear water.
2. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast; It is characterized in that; Be on the waiting list in the step of flying dust and clear water, flying dust is meant the flying dust that converges of the empty dirty anti-control equipment collection of refuse incinerator, promptly gets into the flying dust that converges before the cured equipment.
3. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, be on the waiting list in the step of flying dust and clear water, clear water is meant running water, distilled water or the water of handling through soft water.
4. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, stir in the step of extraction, the weight ratio of clear water and flying dust (dry weight) is 2-5: 1, and speed of agitator is 500-1,500rpm, the time is 3-10 minute.
5. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, in the step of dipping extraction, the flying dust mud that stirs after extracting was left standstill 10-60 minute.
6. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, in the step of Separation of Solid and Liquid,, flying dust is separated with waste liquid with press filtration, vacuum filtration or centrifugal dewatering type.
7. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, in the step of oven dry, with the flying dust after 100-200 ℃ the temperature heating, drying Separation of Solid and Liquid.
8. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, in the step of pulverizing, the flying dust after will drying with the convention pulverizer is pulverized, and pulverizes the back particle size of fly ash less than 1.0mm.
9. remove the method for garbage incineration fly ash harmful substance according to claim 1 fast, it is characterized in that, in the step of detection, detection method and acceptance value standard test method and control value thereof by statute.
CN201110062118.3A 2010-09-24 2011-03-15 Method for quickly removing harmful substances in refuse incineration fly ash Active CN102416395B (en)

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TW99132445A TWI472356B (en) 2010-09-24 2010-09-24 Method for quickly removing hazardous matters from mswi fly ash

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104084415A (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-08 天津壹鸣环境工程有限公司 Technology for reducing waste incineration fly ash via water logging pretreatment
CN104926167A (en) * 2015-05-21 2015-09-23 天津城建大学 Method for consolidating waste incineration fly ash heavy metal through microorganism cement mineralization
CN106363793A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-02-01 安徽盛运重工机械有限责任公司 Fly ash solidifying treatment system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI789600B (en) * 2020-06-29 2023-01-11 國立聯合大學 Method for enhancing stabilization and detoxification of thermal treatment facilities collected powder

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CN101462835A (en) * 2008-09-01 2009-06-24 上海市固体废物处置中心 Innocent treatment method and apparatus for refuse burning flyash
JP2009240952A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd Waste treatment method
TW201013123A (en) * 2008-09-16 2010-04-01 Kun-Sen Chang Detoxification method for heavy metal-containing incineration fly ash

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WO2003086673A1 (en) * 2002-04-17 2003-10-23 Pbm Kabushiki Kaisha Method and device for removing harmful substances
JP2006142228A (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-06-08 Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd Solid waste disposal method
JP2009240952A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd Waste treatment method
CN101462835A (en) * 2008-09-01 2009-06-24 上海市固体废物处置中心 Innocent treatment method and apparatus for refuse burning flyash
TW201013123A (en) * 2008-09-16 2010-04-01 Kun-Sen Chang Detoxification method for heavy metal-containing incineration fly ash

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104084415A (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-08 天津壹鸣环境工程有限公司 Technology for reducing waste incineration fly ash via water logging pretreatment
CN104926167A (en) * 2015-05-21 2015-09-23 天津城建大学 Method for consolidating waste incineration fly ash heavy metal through microorganism cement mineralization
CN106363793A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-02-01 安徽盛运重工机械有限责任公司 Fly ash solidifying treatment system

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