CN102413094B - Method for constructing multimode quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) uniform constellation diagram label and modulator - Google Patents
Method for constructing multimode quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) uniform constellation diagram label and modulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a multimode quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) uniform constellation diagram label and a modulator. By the method, a uniform label which comprises various 2<2n> QAM square constellation diagrams is constructed, wherein n is a natural number and is more than or equal to 1; a constellation mapping table generated by the uniform label is stored into a designed constellation mapping module of a multimode QAM modulator, so that the modulator can adaptively finish 2<2n> QAM in different modes according to different control signals; only a uniform constellation mapping table is stored in hardware and all constellation mapping tables containing the modes do not need to be stored respectively during multimode 2<2n> QAM; therefore, during the hardware implementation, the utilization rate of hardware resources is increased; furthermore, switching among different modes of 2<2n> QAM is easy and convenient to control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Digital Modulation and the demodulation techniques of the communications field, be specifically related to multi-mode QAM that one is applicable to adaptive multi-mode quadrature amplitude modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM) and unify construction method and the modulator of constellation diagram labels.
Background technology
Adaptive multi-mode QAM can dynamically adjust modulation level number according to the different qualities of the real-time status of channel and business, thereby can fully excavate the transmission potentiality of communication system, improve the availability of frequency spectrum, to obtain maximum transmission capacity and higher reliability.When system works is during in non-fading channel, increase number of constellation points, improve the transmission rate of system; And when system works is during in fading channel, reduce number of constellation points, reduce the transmission rate of system, make systematic function reach acceptable bit error rate (Bit Error Rate, BER), and whole process to keep transmitting power be constant.
The planisphere of different mode QAM and constellation label are different, and this just makes to there are differences between the constellation mapping of different mode QAM, bring some inconvenience also to self adaptation QAM modulation.As the acquisition of current rectangle qam constellation figure label often adopts level amplitude coding mode.Its label is that I road, the Q road level amplitude to qam constellation carried out Gray code acquisition.But, in different QAM modulation, due to used constellation level number difference, therefore its constellation label is different and there is no inherent uniformity, as the digital TV ground multimedia broadcasting of representative China (Digital Television Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting, DTMB) in system, corresponding relation between label and the level of 16QAM is, 00:-6: 01-2,11:2,10:6; And corresponding relation between label and the level of 64QAM is, 000:-7,001:-5,011:-3,010:-1,110:1,111:3,101:5,100:7.If this will make the modulation system of self adaptation QAM system comprise 16QAM and 64QAM with regard to meaning, the realization of its constellation mapping at least needs to set up two cover mapping tables: 16QAM constellation mapping table and 64QAM constellation mapping table.If the modulation system that self adaptation QAM modulating system comprises is more, its mapping relations will be more complicated, and needing the mapping table of setting up also will be more, and this has increased complexity and consumed resource when system realizes undoubtedly.Visible, the difference between different mode qam constellation figure label rule is obviously a unfavorable factor concerning adaptive multi-mode QAM modulation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide construction method and the modulator of the unified constellation diagram labels of a kind of multi-mode QAM, enables to be applicable to 2
2nqAM(n is natural number, n>=1) the multiple square constellation of modulation system, and make that little planisphere is included in large planisphere, exist between each constellation diagram labels and specifically derive relation, thereby make to comprise that the self adaptation QAM mapping ruler of the Different Modulations such as 4QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM is unified, hardware is realized resource consumption and reduced.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention realizes by following scheme:
A kind of multi-mode QAM of the present invention unifies the construction method of constellation diagram labels, comprises the construction step of planisphere and the construction step of constellation diagram labels.Wherein, the construction step of described constellation diagram labels comprises:
2
2nit is b by 2n position label that QAM unifies constellation label
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0form, wherein n is greater than 0 natural number; High n position in the label of above-mentioned 2n position is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nrepresent Q road level value, low n position is b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0represent I road level value; The n position label of above-mentioned expression I road level value and represent Q road level value n position label to derive rule identical, and meet the mapping ruler of Gray code,
1. for I road sign label b
0with Q road sign label b
n: b
0=1 represents first positive level value of I road, b
0=0 represents first negative level value of I road; b
n=1 represents first positive level value of Q road, b
n=0 represents first negative level value of Q road;
2. for I road sign label b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with Q road sign label b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nthe rule that is expanded to k+1 position Gray code by k position Gray code is: before the Gray code of original k position, mend 0, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value less 2
kindividual level value; Again by original k position Gray code in reverse order mirror image arrange, before mend 1, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value larger 2
kindividual level value.
The constellation diagram labels mapping table obtaining according to above-mentioned constellation diagram labels construction step is applicable to 2 of any means structure
2nqAM square planisphere, but in the present invention, preferably adopt following steps to carry out the structure of planisphere, that is:
By 2
2non the basis of QAM square planisphere, increase new constellation point, expansion obtains 2
2n+2qAM square shape planisphere: respectively 2
2neach increase by 2 in the square planisphere I road coordinate of QAM and 4 directions of positive and negative of Q road coordinate
n-1individual level, makes the level on I road, Q road all from 2
nindividually expand to 2
n+1individual, by all 2
n+1individual I road level and 2
n+1various combinations place of individual Q road level increase constellation point and obtain 2
2n+2qAM square constellation;
In above-mentioned constellation extension, it is identical that I road, Q road level increase rule, and the absolute value of newly-increased level increases successively on the basis of original level absolute value, and make newly-increased level and original level form arithmetic progression relation; Wherein n is greater than 0 natural number.
A kind of multi-mode QAM of the present invention unifies constellation diagram labels modulator, mainly by going here and there and changing module, multi-mode constellation mapping module, I road average power normalization module, Q road average power normalization module, I road premodulated low pass filter, Q road premodulated low pass filter, I road frequency mixer, Q road frequency mixer, adder, digital controlled oscillator and controller, forms.Input bit data are sent into and are gone here and there and change in module, go here and there and the output that changes module is connected to multi-mode constellation mapping module input; The I road output of multi-mode constellation mapping module is connected with the input of adder with I road frequency mixer through I road average power normalization module, I road premodulated low pass filter successively; The Q road output of constellation mapping module is connected with the input of adder with Q road frequency mixer through Q road average power normalization module, Q road premodulated low pass filter successively; Digital controlled oscillator produces with frequency quadrature carrier, and its cosine carrier output connects I road frequency mixer, and sinusoidal carrier output connects Q road frequency mixer; The output of controller is connected to respectively multi-mode constellation mapping module, I road average power normalization module and Q road average power normalization module; The output output QAM signal of adder.
Above-mentioned multi-mode constellation mapping module memory contains the mapping table of planisphere and constellation diagram labels, and the construction method that the mapping table of this planisphere and constellation diagram labels adopts multi-mode QAM to unify constellation diagram labels obtains; The construction method that above-mentioned multi-mode QAM unifies constellation diagram labels comprises the construction step of planisphere and the construction step of constellation diagram labels, and wherein the construction step of constellation diagram labels comprises: 2
2nit is b by 2n position label that QAM unifies constellation label
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0form, wherein n is greater than 0 natural number; High n position in the label of above-mentioned 2n position is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nrepresent Q road level value, low n position is b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0represent I road level value; The n position label of above-mentioned expression I road level value and represent Q road level value n position label to derive rule identical, and meet the mapping ruler of Gray code, 1. for I road sign label b
0with Q road sign label b
n: b
0=1 represents first positive level value of I road, b
0=0 represents first negative level value of I road; b
n=1 represents first positive level value of Q road, b
n=0 represents first negative level value of Q road; 2. for I road sign label b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with Q road sign label b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nthe rule that is expanded to k+1 position Gray code by k position Gray code is: before the Gray code of original k position, mend 0, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value less 2
kindividual level value; Again by original k position Gray code in reverse order mirror image arrange, before mend 1, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value larger 2
kindividual level value.
Compared with prior art, the mapping table that the present invention generates unified constellation label stores in the constellation mapping module of designed multi-mode QAM modulator, can make modulator according to different control signals, complete adaptively 2 of the different modes such as 4QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM
2nqam mode.Meanwhile, each constellation can both be set up mapping table according to Gray code, makes the adjacent symbol error of signal transmission always only cause 1 bit mistake, so the error bit ability of system reaches optimum.Owing to only need to set up a unified constellation mapping table when realizing various modes QAM modulation, and do not need to set up respectively all multiple constellation mapping tables that comprise pattern, so in the consumption of hardware resource, improved the utilance of hardware resource, and switching between different mode QAM is become and be easy to, it is convenient to control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that constructed multi-mode MQAM unifies planisphere and label thereof;
Fig. 2 is used multi-mode QAM to unify the modulator structure block diagram of constellation diagram labels.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of multi-mode QAM of the present invention unifies the construction method of constellation diagram labels, comprises the construction step of planisphere and the construction step of constellation diagram labels.
(1) construction step of described constellation diagram labels comprises:
2
2nit is b by 2n position label that QAM unifies constellation label
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0form, wherein n is greater than 0 natural number; High n position in the label of above-mentioned 2n position is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nrepresent Q road level value, low n position is b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0represent I road level value; The n position label of above-mentioned expression I road level value and represent Q road level value n position label to derive rule identical, and meet the mapping ruler of Gray code,
1. for I road sign label b
0with Q road sign label b
n: b
0=1 represents first positive level value of I road, b
0=0 represents first negative level value of I road; b
n=1 represents first positive level value of Q road, b
n=0 represents first negative level value of Q road;
2. for I road sign label b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with Q road sign label b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nthe rule that is expanded to k+1 position Gray code by k position Gray code is: before the Gray code of original k position, mend 0, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value less 2
kindividual level value; Again by original k position Gray code in reverse order mirror image arrange, before mend 1, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value larger 2
kindividual level value.
In the construction step of constellation diagram labels, n is greater than 0 natural number, represents that the constellation diagram labels mapping table that said method obtains can be applicable to 4QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM ... etc. various 2
2nthe square planisphere of qam mode.
(2) the constellation diagram labels mapping table obtaining according to above-mentioned constellation diagram labels construction step is applicable to 2
2nqAM square planisphere, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, adopts following steps to carry out the structure of planisphere,
By 2
2non the basis of QAM square planisphere, increase new constellation point, expansion obtains 2
2n+2qAM square shape planisphere: respectively 2
2neach increase by 2 in the square planisphere I road coordinate of QAM and 4 directions of positive and negative of Q road coordinate
n-1individual level, makes the level on I road, Q road all from 2
nindividually expand to 2
n+1individual, by all 2
n+1individual I road level and 2
n+1various combinations place of individual Q road level increase constellation point and obtain 2
2n+2qAM square constellation;
In above-mentioned constellation extension, it is identical that I road, Q road level increase rule, and the absolute value of newly-increased level increases successively on the basis of original level absolute value, and make newly-increased level and original level form arithmetic progression relation; Wherein n is greater than 0 natural number, represents that the construction method of above-mentioned planisphere can, take 4QAM as basis of formation, progressively be derived out 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM ... Deng 2
2nqAM square planisphere.
Below by instantiation, the present invention is further described:
According to 2 of various patterns
2ninclusion relation between QAM square planisphere, makes also to exist certain to derive relation between its constellation label, and makes constellation label set up mapping table according to Gray code, and the present invention is that the gray encoding order by adjusting constellation diagram labels realizes.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically deriving with design procedure is to obtain 16QAM constellation and label by 4QAM constellation and label expansion, by 16QAM constellation and label expansion, obtains 64QAM constellation and label, and by that analogy, by 2
2nqam constellation and label expansion obtain 2
2n+2qam constellation and label.Detailed process is as follows:
(1) by 4QAM planisphere and constellation diagram labels expansion, obtain 16QAM planisphere and constellation diagram labels.
The I road of 4QAM constellation and Q road all only have two level, respectively with a binary system label, represent, as label 0 represents level value-1, label 1 represents level value 1.On the basis of 4QAM constellation, expansion obtains 16QAM constellation, the all constellation point that make 16QAM planisphere comprise 4QAM, the I, the Q two-way that are 16QAM constellation respectively have four level values :-3 ,-1,1,3, and wherein coordinate is that four constellation point of (± 1, ± 1) are all constellation point of 4QAM.16QAM constellation diagram labels is derived and is obtained by 4QAM label, specific practice is: and four constellation point (± 1, ± 1) corresponding to 4QAM, before original 4QAM constellation I road, Q road sign label, increase by one 0 respectively, become 00 and 01, and represent respectively level value-1 and 1; 12 constellation point (± 1, ± 3), (± 3, ± 1), (± 3, ± 3) that on the basis of 4QAM, increase newly, its constellation I road, Q road sign label are also two, and form Gray code arrangement with adjacent constellation point label respectively.So just, can obtain being derived and the 16QAM constellation label that comes by 4QAM constellation label, the mapping relations of its label and represented level value are, 10:-3,00:-1,01:1,11:3.
(2) by 16QAM planisphere and constellation diagram labels expansion, obtain 64QAM planisphere and constellation diagram labels.
According to said process (one), all there are four level on the I road of 16QAM constellation and Q road, respectively with two binary system labels, represent, the mapping relations of its label and represented level are: 10:-3,00:-1,01:1,11:3.On the basis of 16QAM constellation, expansion obtains 64QAM constellation, the all constellation point that make 64QAM planisphere comprise 16QAM, the I, the Q two-way that are 64QAM constellation respectively have eight level values :-7 ,-5 ,-3 ,-1,1,3,5,7, wherein coordinate is (± 1, ± 1), (± 1, ± 3), 16 constellation point of (± 3, ± 1), (± 3, ± 3) are all constellation point of 16QAM.64QAM constellation diagram labels is derived and is obtained by 16QAM label, specific practice is: and above-mentioned 16 constellation point corresponding to 16QAM, before its constellation I road, Q road sign label, increase by one 0 respectively, become three labels, and with the mapping relations of represented level be: 010:-3,000:-1,001:1,011:3; 48 constellation point (± 1, ± 5), (± 1, ± 7), (± 3 that on the basis of 16QAM, increase newly, ± 5), (± 3, ± 7), (± 5, ± 1),, (± 5, ± 3), (± 5, ± 5), (± 5, ± 7), (± 7, ± 1), (± 7, ± 3) (± 7, ± 5), (± 7, ± 7), its I road, Q road constellation label are also three, and form Gray code arrangement with adjacent constellation point label respectively.So just, can obtain being derived and the 64QAM constellation label that comes by 16QAM constellation label, the mapping relations of its label and represented level value are, 100:-7,110:-5,010:-3,000:-1,001:1,011:3,111:5,101:7.
(3) by 64QAM planisphere and constellation diagram labels expansion, obtain 256QAM planisphere and constellation diagram labels.
According to said process (two), all there are eight level on the I road of 64QAM constellation and Q road, respectively with triad label, represent, the mapping relations of its label and represented level are: 100:-7,110:-5,010:-3,000:-1,001:1,011:3,111:5,101:7.On the basis of 64QAM constellation, expansion obtains 256QAM constellation, the all constellation point that make 256QAM planisphere comprise 64QAM, be the I of 256QAM constellation, Q two-way respectively has 16 level values :-15,-13,-11,-9,-7,-5,-3,-1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, wherein coordinate is (± 1, ± 1), (± 1, ± 3), (± 1, ± 5), (± 1, ± 7), (± 3, ± 1), (± 3, ± 3), (± 3, ± 5), (± 3, ± 7), (± 5, ± 1), (± 5, ± 3), (± 5, ± 5), (± 5, ± 7), (± 7, ± 1), (± 7, ± 3) (± 7, ± 5), (± 7, ± 7) 64 constellation point are all constellation point of 64QAM.256QAM constellation diagram labels is derived and is obtained by 64QAM label, specific practice is: and above-mentioned 64 constellation point corresponding to 64QAM, before its constellation I road, Q road sign label, increase by one 0 respectively, become four labels, and with the mapping relations of represented level be: 0100:-7,0110:-5,0010:-3,0000:-1,0001:1,0011:3,0111:5,0101:7, 192 constellation point (± 1, ± 9) that increase newly on the basis of 64QAM, (± 1, ± 11), (± 1, ± 13), (± 1, ± 15), (± 3, ± 9), (± 3, ± 11), (± 3, ± 13), (± 3, ± 15), (± 5, ± 9), (± 5, ± 11), (± 5, ± 13), (± 5, ± 15), (± 7, ± 9), (± 7, ± 11), (± 7, ± 13), (± 7, ± 15), (± 9, ± 1), (± 9, ± 3), (± 9, ± 5), (± 9, ± 7), (± 9, ± 9), (± 9, ± 11), (± 9, ± 13), (± 9, ± 15), (± 11, ± 1), (± 11, ± 3), (± 11, ± 5), (± 11, ± 7), (± 11, ± 9), (± 11, ± 11), (± 11, ± 13), (± 11, ± 15), (± 13, ± 1), (± 13, ± 3), (± 13, ± 5), (± 13, ± 7), (± 13, ± 9), (± 13, ± 11), (± 13, ± 13), (± 13, ± 15), (± 15, ± 1), (± 15, ± 3), (± 15, ± 5), (± 15, ± 7), (± 15, ± 9), (± 15, ± 11), (± 15, ± 13), (± 15, ± 15), its I road, Q road constellation label is also four, and forms Gray code arrangement with adjacent constellation point label respectively.So just, can obtain being derived and the 256QAM constellation label that comes by 64QAM constellation label, the mapping relations of its label and represented level value are, 1000:-15,1010:-13,1110:-11,1100:-9,0100:-7,0110:-5,0010:-3,0000:-1,0001:1,0011:3,0111:5,0101:7,1101:9,1111:11,1011:13,1001:15.
(4) by 2
2nqam constellation figure and constellation diagram labels expansion obtain 2
2n+2qam constellation figure and constellation diagram labels.
2
2nthe constellation point of QAM square constellation is 2
n× 2
narrange, 2
2nin the square planisphere of QAM, I road and Q road have respectively 2
nindividual level value; 2
2n+2the constellation point of QAM square planisphere is 2
n+1× 2
n+1arrange, 2
2n+2in the square planisphere of QAM, I road and Q road have respectively 2
n+1individual level value; By 2
2non the basis of QAM square planisphere, increase new constellation point, expansion obtains 2
2n+2qAM square shape planisphere, needs respectively 2
2neach increase by 2 in the square planisphere I road coordinate of QAM and 4 directions of positive and negative of Q road coordinate
n-1individual level, makes the level on I road, Q road all from 2
nindividually expand to 2
n+1individual, by all 2
n+1individual I road level and 2
n+1various combinations place of individual Q road level increase constellation point and obtain 2
2n+2qAM square constellation; In above-mentioned constellation extension, it is identical that I road, Q road level increase rule, and the absolute value of newly-increased level increases successively on the basis of original level absolute value, and make newly-increased level and original level form the arithmetic progression relation that tolerance is 2.
By 2
2nthe 2n position constellation label of QAM is derived and is obtained 2
2n+2the 2n+2 position constellation stamp methods of QAM is as follows: establish 2
2nthe 2n position constellation label of QAM is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0, wherein high n position is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nrepresent Q road level value, low n position is b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0represent I road level value; For I road sign label b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with Q road sign label b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nthe rule that is expanded to n+1 position Gray code by n position Gray code is: before the Gray code of original n position, mend 0, obtain n+1 position I road sign label 0b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with n+1 position Q road sign label 0b
2nb
2n-1b
n+2b
n+1, as n+1 position Gray code, represent 2
n+1in individual level absolute value less 2
nindividual level value; Again by original k position Gray code in reverse order mirror image arrange, before mend 1, obtain n+1 position I road sign label 1b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with n+1 position Q road sign label 1b
2nb
2n-1b
n+2b
n+1, as n+1 position Gray code, represent 2
n+1in individual level absolute value larger 2
nindividual level value.Obtain thus 2
2n+2the 2n+2 position constellation label of QAM is b
2n+1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0, wherein high n+1 position is b
2n+1b
2n-2b
n+1represent Q road level value, low n+1 position is b
nb
n-1b
1b
0represent I road level value.
According to the above-mentioned method of deriving, can obtain easily various 2
2nqAM(n is natural number, n>=1) square constellation and the label of unified constellation.
The constructed multi-mode QAM of the present invention unifies constellation diagram labels as shown in Figure 1, in planisphere, the coordinate of each constellation point is comprised of I road and two, Q road range value, and I, Q two-way amplitude gets respectively-15,-13,-11,-9,-7,-5,-3,-1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 values such as 16 of grades, these 16 amplitudes are arranged by specific 4 Gray codes from small to large, adopt Gray code put in order into: 1000, 1010, 1110, 1100, 0100, 0110, 0010, 0000, 0001, 0011, 0111, 0101, 1101, 1111, 1011, 1001.According to Fig. 1, can generate easily the planisphere mapping tables such as 4QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, planisphere mapping table is constellation point label and the mapping relations of the level magnitude of corresponding in-phase component I and quadrature component Q.The mapping table that comprises the planispheres such as 4QAM, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM is: 1000:-15,1010:-13,1110:-11,1100:-9,0100:-7,0110:-5,0010:-3,0000:-1,0001:1,0011:3,0111:5,0101:7,1101:9,1111:11,1011:13,1001:15.
A kind of multi-mode QAM that can realize said method unifies constellation diagram labels modulator, mainly by going here and there and changing module, multi-mode constellation mapping module, I road average power normalization module, Q road average power normalization module, I road premodulated low pass filter, Q road premodulated low pass filter, I road frequency mixer, Q road frequency mixer, adder, digital controlled oscillator and controller, forms.Input bit data are sent into and are gone here and there and change in module, go here and there and the output that changes module is connected to multi-mode constellation mapping module input; The I road output of multi-mode constellation mapping module is connected with the input of adder with I road frequency mixer through I road average power normalization module, I road premodulated low pass filter successively; The Q road output of constellation mapping module is connected with the input of adder with Q road frequency mixer through Q road average power normalization module, Q road premodulated low pass filter successively; Digital controlled oscillator produces with frequency quadrature carrier, and its cosine carrier output connects I road frequency mixer, and sinusoidal carrier output connects Q road frequency mixer; The output of controller is connected to respectively multi-mode constellation mapping module, I road average power normalization module and Q road average power normalization module; The output output QAM signal of adder.
The Bit data of going here and there and change module input is changed to the two-way parallel bit sequence that speed reduces by half; Then sent into multi-mode constellation mapping module, multi-mode constellation mapping module is mapped as two-way bit sequence I, Q road level value the output of corresponding qam constellation under the effect of controller; I, Q two-way are exported respectively through average power normalization module, and average power normalization module is done average power normalized to I, Q two paths of signals under the effect of controller; Through the normalized I of average power, Q two paths of signals, through premodulated low pass filter, limit tape handling respectively; Then send into respectively cosine carrier, the sinusoidal carrier mixing of frequency mixer and digital controlled oscillator output; Signal after two-way mixing is sent into adder and is added the QAM signal that obtains output.
Above-mentionedly be applicable to the modulator that constructed multi-mode QAM unifies constellation diagram labels and can realize by discrete functional module, but in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modules that forms modulator all can be used FPGA(field programmable gate array) realize.
According to above-mentioned multi-mode QAM, unify planisphere that the construction method of constellation diagram labels obtains and the mapping table (referring to Fig. 1) of constellation diagram labels is stored in the multi-mode constellation mapping module of Fig. 2, the different control signals that modulator provides according to controller, can realize the modulation systems such as the convergent 4QAM of average power, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and can according to not coexisting of control signal, between different mode qam mode, switch easily.
Above-described embodiment, is only the specific case that object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described, and the present invention is not defined in this.All any modifications of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within being all included in protection scope of the present invention within scope of disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. multi-mode QAM unifies the construction method of constellation diagram labels, comprises the construction step of planisphere and the construction step of constellation diagram labels, it is characterized in that, the construction step of described constellation diagram labels comprises:
2
2nit is b by 2n position label that QAM unifies constellation label
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0form, wherein n is greater than 0 natural number; High n position in the label of above-mentioned 2n position is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nrepresent Q road level value, low n position is b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0represent I road level value; The n position label of above-mentioned expression I road level value and represent Q road level value n position label to derive rule identical, and meet the mapping ruler of Gray code,
1. for I road sign label b
0with Q road sign label b
n: b
0=1 represents first positive level value of I road, b
0=0 represents first negative level value of I road; b
n=1 represents first positive level value of Q road, b
n=0 represents first negative level value of Q road;
2. for I road sign label b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with Q road sign label b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nthe rule that is expanded to k+1 position Gray code by k position Gray code is: before the Gray code of original k position, mend 0, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value less 2
kindividual level value; Again by original k position Gray code in reverse order mirror image arrange, before mend 1, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value larger 2
kindividual level value.
2. according to power, require multi-mode QAM described in 1 to unify the construction method of constellation diagram labels, it is characterized in that, the construction step of described planisphere is:
By 2
2non the basis of QAM square planisphere, increase new constellation point, expansion obtains 2
2n+2qAM square shape planisphere: respectively 2
2neach increase by 2 in the square planisphere I road coordinate of QAM and 4 directions of positive and negative of Q road coordinate
n-1individual level, makes the level on I road, Q road all from 2
nindividually expand to 2
n+1individual, by all 2
n+1individual I road level and 2
n+1various combinations place of individual Q road level increase constellation point and obtain 2
2n+2qAM square constellation;
In above-mentioned constellation extension, it is identical that I road, Q road level increase rule, and the absolute value of newly-increased level increases successively on the basis of original level absolute value, and make newly-increased level and original level form arithmetic progression relation; Wherein n is greater than 0 natural number.
3. a kind of multi-mode QAM based on construction method described in claim 1 unifies constellation diagram labels modulator, it is characterized in that mainly by going here and there and changing module, multi-mode constellation mapping module, I road average power normalization module, Q road average power normalization module, I road premodulated low pass filter, Q road premodulated low pass filter, I road frequency mixer, Q road frequency mixer, adder, digital controlled oscillator and controller, forming;
Input bit data are sent into and are gone here and there and change in module, go here and there and the output that changes module is connected to multi-mode constellation mapping module input;
The I road output of multi-mode constellation mapping module is connected with the input of adder with I road frequency mixer through I road average power normalization module, I road premodulated low pass filter successively;
The Q road output of constellation mapping module is connected with the input of adder with Q road frequency mixer through Q road average power normalization module, Q road premodulated low pass filter successively;
Digital controlled oscillator produces with frequency quadrature carrier, and its cosine carrier output connects I road frequency mixer, and sinusoidal carrier output connects Q road frequency mixer;
The output of controller connects respectively level switch module, I road average power normalization module and Q road average power normalization module;
The output output QAM signal of adder;
Above-mentioned multi-mode constellation mapping module memory contains the mapping table of planisphere and constellation diagram labels, and the construction method that the mapping table of this planisphere and constellation diagram labels adopts multi-mode QAM to unify constellation diagram labels obtains; The construction method that above-mentioned multi-mode QAM unifies constellation diagram labels comprises the construction step of planisphere and the construction step of constellation diagram labels, and wherein the construction step of constellation diagram labels comprises: 2
2nit is b by 2n position label that QAM unifies constellation label
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nb
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0form, wherein n is greater than 0 natural number; High n position in the label of above-mentioned 2n position is b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nrepresent Q road level value, low n position is b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0represent I road level value; The n position label of above-mentioned expression I road level value and represent Q road level value n position label to derive rule identical, and meet the mapping ruler of Gray code, 1. for I road sign label b
0with Q road sign label b
n: b
0=1 represents first positive level value of I road, b
0=0 represents first negative level value of I road; b
n=1 represents first positive level value of Q road, b
n=0 represents first negative level value of Q road; 2. for I road sign label b
n-1b
n-2b
1b
0with Q road sign label b
2n-1b
2n-2b
n+1b
nthe rule that is expanded to k+1 position Gray code by k position Gray code is: before the Gray code of original k position, mend 0, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value less 2
kindividual level value; Again by original k position Gray code in reverse order mirror image arrange, before mend 1, as k+1 position Gray code, represent 2
k+1in individual level absolute value larger 2
kindividual level value.
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