CN101547181B - Method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels - Google Patents
Method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101547181B CN101547181B CN2009100821820A CN200910082182A CN101547181B CN 101547181 B CN101547181 B CN 101547181B CN 2009100821820 A CN2009100821820 A CN 2009100821820A CN 200910082182 A CN200910082182 A CN 200910082182A CN 101547181 B CN101547181 B CN 101547181B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- quadrant
- constellation
- label
- constellation point
- bit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels, which belongs to the digital modulation-demodulation technology in the field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: copying a QPSK constellation diagram, translating copies into four quadrants of the complex plane respectively so as to generate a 16QAM constellation diagram and then performingiteration by analogy to form a 2<n+2> QAM constellation diagram; and defining that a label of a constellation point consists of 2n+2 bits, wherein the former two bits correspond to the quadrantof the a 2<2n> QAM constellation diagram where the constellation point is, and the later 2n bits present symmetrical laws among the quadrants of the complex plane. Or the method comprises the following steps: copying a 8QAM constellation diagram, translating copies into four quadrants of the complex plane respectively so as to generate a 32QAM constellation diagram and then performing iteration by analogy to form a 2<n+3>-order QAM constellation diagram; and defining that a label of a constellation point consists of 2n+3 bits, wherein the former two bits correspond to the quadrant of the a 2<2n+1> QAM constellation diagram where the constellation point is, and the later 2n+1 bits present symmetrical laws among the quadrants of the complex plane. Data can be convenient to modulate and demodulate by adopting the method.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to digital modulation and demodulation techniques in the communications field, be specifically related to a kind of construction method of qam constellation figure label.
Background technology
Existing digital communication system can be decomposed into 3 basic comprising parts, comprises data source module, mapping block reconciliation mapping block.Wherein, mapping block reconciliation mapping block adopts the QAM mode that data are carried out digital modulation and demodulation usually.During mapping, at first with the input bit stream packets, as 8QAM is one group of 3 bit, then according to the bit combination in the bit group, and, determine the position of the constellation point that it is corresponding, i.e. tag design according to the method for designing of planisphere, and then obtaining shining upon the value of pairing digital signal afterwards, this value is a plural number.When separating mapping, then be, search constellation point immediate in the planisphere, and the bit group of this constellation point correspondence is exported as demodulation with it according to the value of the digital signal that receives.Therefore, the planisphere that interference free performance and its adopted of digital communication system and the method for designing of label have substantial connection.
In signals transmission, because the existence of various interference, the constellation point of actual transmission will be departed from the digital signal that receiving terminal receives corresponding position on complex number plane.If disturb greatlyyer, separate the constellation point erroneous judgement that mapping the time can send reality around the constellation point and be the actual constellation point that sends, thereby produce error bit.And misjudgement is to the probability maximum of adjacent constellation point when separating mapping.Therefore, in order to reduce the number of error bit under the situation of makeing mistakes, need make in the planisphere the different bit numbers in the pairing bit group of the label of adjacent constellation point the least possible in constellation point judgement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to an above-mentioned difficult problem, a kind of construction method of qam constellation figure label is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of 2
2nThe construction method of rank qam constellation figure label (n is a natural number), its step comprises:
1) the QPSK planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, produce the 16QAM planisphere, and the like, carry out iteration and form 2
2n+2Rank qam constellation figure;
2) definition above-mentioned 2
2n+2The label of the constellation point of rank qam constellation figure is made up of 2n+2 bit, wherein with preceding 2 bits corresponding to 2 of constellation point place
2nThe quadrant that qam constellation figure is positioned at, back 2n bit then present the rule of symmetry between the quadrant of complex plane.
In the said method, described QPSK planisphere is square on complex number plane, and 4 constellation point all are positioned at this foursquare four drift angles, and described QPSK constellation diagram labels carries out layout according to Gray code.
Further, in described step 2) in, 2
2n+2Preceding 2 bits of the constellation point label of rank qam constellation figure carry out layout according to Gray code, and the back 2n bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV is about imaginary axis symmetry, the back 2n bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV is about former point symmetry, and the back 2n bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III is then about the real axis symmetry.
A kind of 2
2n+1The construction method of rank qam constellation figure label (n is a natural number), its step comprises:
1) the 8QAM planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, produce the 32QAM planisphere, and the like, carry out iteration and form 2
2n+3Rank qam constellation figure;
2) definition above-mentioned 2
2n+3The label of the constellation point of rank qam constellation figure is made up of 2n+3 bit, wherein with preceding 2 bits corresponding to 2 of constellation point place
2n+1The quadrant that qam constellation figure is positioned at, back 2n+1 bit then present the rule of symmetry between the quadrant of complex plane.
Described 8QAM planisphere is square on complex number plane, 8 constellation point all are positioned at the mid point of these foursquare four drift angles and four edges, and foursquare center does not have constellation point.Described 8QAM constellation diagram labels carries out layout according to Gray code.
Above-mentioned 2
2n+3Preceding 2 bits of the constellation point label of rank qam constellation figure carry out layout according to Gray code.The back 2n+1 bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV is about imaginary axis symmetry, the back 2n+1 bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV is about former point symmetry, and the back 2n+1 bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III is then about the real axis symmetry.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the constellation point that planisphere adopted among the present invention has good symmetry, and label is along with 2
2nRank QAM to 2
2n+2The variation of rank QAM and carry out iteration, or along with 2
2n+1Rank QAM to 2
2n+3The variation of rank QAM and carry out iteration, thus the complexity that mapping is conciliate in mapping reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is square QPSK constellation diagram labels schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is square 16QAM constellation diagram labels schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is square 64QAM constellation diagram labels schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is square 8QAM constellation diagram labels schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is square 32QAM constellation diagram labels schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is square 128QAM constellation diagram labels schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:
1, produces QPSK planisphere and 8QAM planisphere
Plane, qam constellation figure place is a complex number plane, represents the orthogonal axle of real part and imaginary part to intersect at initial point O respectively, and complex number plane is divided into four quadrants for two, wherein quadrant I is positioned at the upper right corner, quadrant II is positioned at the upper left corner, and quadrant III is positioned at the lower left corner, and quadrant IV is positioned at the lower right corner.Described QPSK planisphere is square on complex number plane, 4 constellation point all are positioned at this foursquare four drift angles.As shown in Figure 1, foursquare QPSK planisphere is a frame of broken lines among the figure, and initial point O is square center, and solid dot is represented the actual constellation point.The QPSK planisphere be all 2
2nThe minimum unit of rank qam constellation figure.
Described 8QAM planisphere also is square on complex number plane, 8 constellation point all are positioned at the mid point of these foursquare four drift angles and four edges, and foursquare center does not have constellation point.As shown in Figure 4, square is a frame of broken lines among the figure, and initial point O is square center; Hollow dots (being initial point O) but distribution locations that expression is not adopted, solid dot is represented the actual constellation point; The 8QAM planisphere be all 2
2n+1The minimum unit of rank qam constellation figure.
2, produce 2
2n+2Rank and 2
2n+3Rank square qam constellation figure
With 2
2nRank square qam constellation figure duplicates and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, and each quadrant comprises 2
2nIndividual constellation point, and 2
2nThe distribution map of individual constellation point and 2
2nQam constellation figure is identical; Then can obtain 2
2n+2Rank square qam constellation figure.
With 2
2n+1Rank square qam constellation figure duplicates and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, and each quadrant comprises 2
2n+1Individual constellation point, and 2
2n+1The distribution map of individual constellation point and 2
2n+1Qam constellation figure is identical; Then can obtain 2
2n+3Rank square qam constellation figure.
3, produce 2
2n+2Rank and 2
2n+3The label of rank square qam constellation figure
2
2n+2The label that rank qam constellation point is made up of 2n+2 bit represents, wherein with preceding 2 bits corresponding to " 2 of constellation point place
2nQAM " quadrant that the unit was positioned at, and also this 2 bit carries out layout according to Gray code; Back 2n bit then corresponding to constellation point at its place " 2
2nQAM " position in the unit.Wherein the back 2n bit of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV is about imaginary axis symmetry, the back 2n bit of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV is about former point symmetry, and the back 2n bit of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III is about the real axis symmetry.
2
2n+3The label that rank qam constellation point is made up of 2n+3 bit represents, wherein with preceding 2 bits corresponding to " 2 of constellation point place
2n+1QAM " quadrant that the unit was positioned at, and also this 2 bit carries out layout according to Gray code; Back 2n+1 bit then corresponding to constellation point at its place " 2
2n+1QAM " position in the unit.Wherein the back 2n+1 bit of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV is about imaginary axis symmetry, the back 2n+1 bit of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV is about former point symmetry, and the back 2n+1 bit of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III is about the real axis symmetry.
With the 64QAM constellation diagram labels is example, further specifies 2
2nThe structure of rank qam constellation figure label:
At first, the QPSK planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, each quadrant comprises 4 constellation point, and the distribution map of these 4 constellation point is identical with the QPSK planisphere, then can obtain the 16QAM planisphere, as shown in Figure 2.The 16QAM planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane again, each quadrant comprises 16 constellation point, and the distribution map of these 16 constellation point is identical with the 16QAM planisphere, then can obtain the 64QAM planisphere, as shown in Figure 3.
Then, corresponding to a label of being made up of 4 bits, wherein preceding 2 bits are determined according to " QPSK " quadrant that the unit was positioned at constellation point place, and this 2 bit carries out layout according to Gray code with each constellation point in the 16QAM planisphere.With Fig. 2 is example, preceding 2 bits " 11 ", " 01 ", " 00 " and " 10 " respectively respective quadrants I, quadrant II, quadrant III and quadrant IV.Back 2 bits of label are corresponding to the position of constellation point in unit, its place " QPSK ".Back 2 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV are about imaginary axis symmetry, back 2 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV are about former point symmetry, and back 2 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III are about the real axis symmetry.
Secondly, each constellation point in the 64QAM planisphere is corresponding to a label of being made up of 6 bits, and wherein preceding 2 bits are determined according to " 16QAM " quadrant that the unit was positioned at constellation point place, and this 2 bit carries out layout according to Gray code.Back 4 bits of label are then corresponding to the position of constellation point in unit, its place " 16QAM ".Back 4 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV are about imaginary axis symmetry, back 4 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV are about former point symmetry, back 4 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III are example about the real axis symmetry with Fig. 3.
With the 128QAM constellation diagram labels is example, further specifies 2
2n+1The structure of rank qam constellation figure label:
At first, 8QAM planisphere (as Fig. 4) is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, each quadrant comprises 8 constellation point, and the distribution map of these 8 constellation point is identical with the 8QAM planisphere, then can obtain the 32QAM planisphere, as Fig. 5.The 32QAM planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane again, each quadrant comprises 32 constellation point, and the distribution map of these 32 constellation point is identical with the 32QAM planisphere, then can obtain the 128QAM planisphere, as shown in Figure 6.
Then, corresponding to a label of being made up of 5 bits, wherein preceding 2 bits are determined according to " 8QAM " quadrant that the unit was positioned at constellation point place, and this 2 bit carries out layout according to Gray code with each constellation point in the 32QAM planisphere.With Fig. 5 is example, preceding 2 bits " 11 ", " 01 ", " 00 " and " 10 " respectively respective quadrants I, quadrant II, quadrant III and quadrant IV.Back 3 bits of label are corresponding to the position of constellation point in unit, its place " 8QAM ".Back 3 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV are about imaginary axis symmetry, back 3 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV are about former point symmetry, and back 3 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III are about the real axis symmetry.
Secondly, each constellation point in the 128QAM planisphere is corresponding to a label of being made up of 7 bits, and wherein preceding 2 bits are determined according to " 32QAM " quadrant that the unit was positioned at constellation point place, and this 2 bit carries out layout according to Gray code.Back 5 bits of label are then corresponding to the position of constellation point in unit, its place " 32QAM ".Back 5 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV are about imaginary axis symmetry, back 5 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV are about former point symmetry, back 5 bits of the constellation point label of quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III are example about the real axis symmetry with Fig. 6.
More than by specific embodiment the construction method of qam constellation figure label provided by the present invention has been described, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that in the scope that does not break away from essence of the present invention, can make certain deformation or modification to the present invention; Its preparation method also is not limited to disclosed content among the embodiment.
Claims (7)
1. one kind 2
2nThe construction method of rank qam constellation figure label, its step comprises:
1) the QPSK planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, produce the 16QAM planisphere, and the like, carry out iteration, form 2
2n+2Rank qam constellation figure;
2) definition above-mentioned 2
2n+2The label of the constellation point of rank qam constellation figure is made up of 2n+2 bit, wherein with preceding 2 bits corresponding to 2 of constellation point place
2nThe quadrant that qam constellation figure is positioned at, back 2n bit then presents the rule of symmetry between the quadrant of complex plane: the back 2n bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV is about imaginary axis symmetry, the back 2n bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV is about former point symmetry, and the back 2n bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III is then about the real axis symmetry.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described QPSK constellation diagram labels carries out layout according to Gray code.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described step 2) in, 2
2n+2Preceding 2 bits of the constellation point label of rank qam constellation figure carry out layout according to Gray code.
4. one kind 2
2n+1The construction method of rank qam constellation figure label, its step comprises:
1) the 8QAM planisphere is duplicated and moves to respectively in four quadrants of complex plane, produce the 32QAM planisphere, and the like, carry out iteration, form 2
2n+3Rank qam constellation figure;
2) definition above-mentioned 2
2n+3The label of the constellation point of rank qam constellation figure is made up of 2n+3 bit, wherein with preceding 2 bits corresponding to 2 of constellation point place
2n+1The quadrant that qam constellation figure is positioned at, back 2n+1 bit then presents the rule of symmetry between the quadrant of complex plane: the back 2n+1 bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant II or quadrant III and quadrant IV is about imaginary axis symmetry, the back 2n+1 bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant III or quadrant II and quadrant IV is about former point symmetry, and the back 2n+1 bit of label of constellation point that lays respectively at quadrant I and quadrant IV or quadrant II and quadrant III is about the real axis symmetry.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described 8QAM planisphere is square on complex number plane, and 8 constellation point all are positioned at the mid point of these foursquare four drift angles and four edges, and foursquare center does not have constellation point.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described 8QAM constellation diagram labels carries out layout according to Gray code.
7. as claim 4 or 5 or 6 described methods, it is characterized in that described step 2) in, 2
2n+3Preceding 2 bits of the constellation point label of rank qam constellation figure carry out layout according to Gray code.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100821820A CN101547181B (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2009-04-17 | Method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100821820A CN101547181B (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2009-04-17 | Method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101547181A CN101547181A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
| CN101547181B true CN101547181B (en) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=41194073
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100821820A Active CN101547181B (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2009-04-17 | Method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101547181B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102244640B (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2014-07-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所 | Method for realizing differential encoding and decoding of QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) signals |
| CN102413094B (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2014-04-30 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for constructing multimode quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) uniform constellation diagram label and modulator |
| EP3499833B1 (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2020-12-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Digital modulation method and apparatus |
| CN108881097B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-01-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Gray code-based square QAM constellation diagram coding method and system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002080404A2 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-10 | Soma Networks, Inc. | Method for radio transmitter acquisition |
| CN1677892A (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | Space hour encoding method based on rotary planisphere |
-
2009
- 2009-04-17 CN CN2009100821820A patent/CN101547181B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002080404A2 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-10 | Soma Networks, Inc. | Method for radio transmitter acquisition |
| CN1677892A (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-05 | 中国科学技术大学 | Space hour encoding method based on rotary planisphere |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Conti A等."Slow Adaptive M-QAM with Diversity in Fast Fading and Shadowing".《IEEE Transactions on Communications》.2007,第55卷(第5期),895-905页. |
| Svensson A等."An introduction to adaptive QAM modulation schemes for known and predicted channels".《Proceedings of the IEEE》.2007,第95卷(第12期),2322-2336页. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101547181A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101547182B (en) | Method for mapping and demapping QAM constellation diagrams | |
| US10164735B2 (en) | Adaptive modulation and coding method, apparatus, and system | |
| US20150117866A1 (en) | Quadrature amplitude modulation symbol mapping | |
| CN106664140A (en) | Method for generating code for coherent optical communications | |
| US10601629B2 (en) | Virtual lookup table for probabilistic constellation shaping | |
| CN101547181B (en) | Method for constructing QAM constellation diagram labels | |
| KR102061653B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for bit to simbol mapping in wireless communication system | |
| CN110073640A (en) | For convert or again the method for convert data signal and for data transmission and/or data receiver method and system | |
| CN110855713B (en) | Cross-protocol communication method and system from WiFi device to ZigBee device | |
| CN103236902A (en) | Constellation mapping and demapping method, and coding, modulating, decoding and demodulating system | |
| CN101136898B (en) | Quadrature amplitude modulated soft decision method and apparatus | |
| US20170353247A1 (en) | Constellation design for use in communication systems | |
| CN108900456A (en) | A kind of double mode index modulation Mapping Design method | |
| CN103560861A (en) | Constellation mapping method | |
| US9621302B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for resource segmentation in wireless communication system | |
| US20160285668A1 (en) | Constellation Designs With Non-Gray Bit Mapping | |
| CN106302299B (en) | Multi-user access method and device | |
| CN111092663A (en) | Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system and communication method based on bit weighted distribution | |
| CN110289875A (en) | A kind of distributed MIMO receiver of artificial intelligence auxiliary | |
| CN105846905A (en) | Optical signal sending and receiving method and device | |
| CN107046451B (en) | A kind of interleaving encoding method and device of signal | |
| CN101515919B (en) | Method for digital communication | |
| Yue et al. | Trellis coded modulation with three-dimension 9QAM mapping based on a novel probabilistic shaping method | |
| CN106452664A (en) | Downlink multi-user MIMO emission method | |
| CN107196733A (en) | A kind of modulator approach and device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |