CN102412884A - A device for realizing beamforming by using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置，其涉及无线移动通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置。所述在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置由馈电系统、功分器、移相器、T/R组件和天线连接组成，馈电系统与功分器相连接，移相器与功分器相连接，功分器与T/R组件相连接，T/R组件与天线相连接。本发明使用MIM0技术能够充分利用空间资源，在不增加系统带宽和天线总发射功率的情况下，可有效对抗无线信道衰落的影响，大大提高系统的频谱资源利用率和信道容量，采用了创新的设计在提高系统性能的同时，降低了电路的复杂度，减少了系统的成本。
The present invention discloses a device for implementing beamforming by adopting MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal, which relates to the technical field of wireless mobile communication, and in particular to a device for implementing beamforming by adopting MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal. The device for implementing beamforming by adopting MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal is composed of a feeding system, a power divider, a phase shifter, a T/R component and an antenna connection, wherein the feeding system is connected to the power divider, the phase shifter is connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the T/R component, and the T/R component is connected to the antenna. The present invention uses MIMO technology to make full use of space resources, and can effectively resist the influence of wireless channel fading without increasing the system bandwidth and the total antenna transmission power, greatly improve the spectrum resource utilization rate and channel capacity of the system, and adopts an innovative design to improve the system performance while reducing the complexity of the circuit and the cost of the system.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及无线移动通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置。The invention relates to the technical field of wireless mobile communication, in particular to a device for implementing beamforming by using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal.
背景技术 Background technique
随着各种无线通信业务和宽带数据业务的不断发展，无线资源，尤其是频谱资源变得越来越紧张，如何更高效地利用这些有限的通信资源成为无线通信新技术发展的焦点所在。智能天线在这种环境下应运而生，智能天线的基本思想是：利用信号传输的空间特性自适应地控制波束成形，调整其方向图，跟踪强信号，减少或抵消干扰信号，提高性干比，从而达到降低信号发送功率、提高系统容量的目的。With the continuous development of various wireless communication services and broadband data services, wireless resources, especially spectrum resources, are becoming more and more scarce. How to use these limited communication resources more efficiently has become the focus of the development of new wireless communication technologies. Smart antennas came into being in this environment. The basic idea of smart antennas is: to use the spatial characteristics of signal transmission to adaptively control beamforming, adjust its pattern, track strong signals, reduce or offset interference signals, and improve the performance-to-interference ratio. , so as to achieve the purpose of reducing signal transmission power and improving system capacity.
MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put)技术作为智能天线技术的扩展，在无线通信系统的发送端和接受端都安置了多根天线，MIMO技术的核心思想是空时信号处理，即在原来时间维的基础上，通过使用多根天线来增加空间维，从而实现多维信号处理，获得空间复用增益或者空间分集增益。MIMO仍具有传统智能天线的优点，因为MIMO系统的数据经过的是矩阵信道而非矢量信道，这为改善性能或者提高速率提供了更大的可能。MIMO系统不仅可以提供更多的空间分集增益，而且如果事先知道信道信息，MIMO系统还可以通过信号组合来提供阵列增益。实际上，MIMO系统将多径无线信道与发射、接收视为一个整体进行优化，从而实现高的通信容量和频谱利用率。MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Out-put) technology is an extension of smart antenna technology. Multiple antennas are installed at the transmitting end and receiving end of the wireless communication system. The core idea of MIMO technology is space-time signal processing, that is, in the original On the basis of the time dimension, the space dimension is increased by using multiple antennas, so as to realize multi-dimensional signal processing and obtain space multiplexing gain or space diversity gain. MIMO still has the advantages of traditional smart antennas, because the data of the MIMO system passes through the matrix channel instead of the vector channel, which provides a greater possibility for improving performance or increasing the rate. MIMO systems can not only provide more space diversity gain, but also provide array gain through signal combination if the channel information is known in advance. In fact, the MIMO system optimizes the multipath wireless channel, transmission and reception as a whole, so as to achieve high communication capacity and spectrum utilization.
但是，上述现有技术还存在以下缺点和不足：传统的智能天线终端只在发射端或接收端配备多个天线元，通常是在基站，无线链路的信道容量提升有限；信号传输过程由于多径效应引起的频域选择性衰落，频谱利用率有限；系统辐射大，电路复杂，制作成本高。However, the above existing technologies still have the following disadvantages and deficiencies: the traditional smart antenna terminal is only equipped with multiple antenna elements at the transmitting end or receiving end, usually at the base station, and the channel capacity of the wireless link is limited; the signal transmission process is due to multiple The frequency-domain selective fading caused by the path effect has limited spectrum utilization; the system has large radiation, complex circuits, and high production costs.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是针对上述现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for implementing beamforming by using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.
为此，本发明提供了一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置，所述在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置由馈电系统、功分器、移相器、T/R组件和天线连接组成，馈电系统与功分器相连接，移相器与功分器相连接，功分器与T/R组件相连接，T/R组件与天线相连接。For this reason, the present invention provides a kind of device that adopts MIMO to realize beamforming in 4G mobile terminal, described device adopts MIMO to realize beamforming in 4G mobile terminal by feeding system, power divider, phase shifter, T The /R component is connected to the antenna, the feed system is connected to the power divider, the phase shifter is connected to the power divider, the power divider is connected to the T/R component, and the T/R component is connected to the antenna.
优选的，在所述的一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置中，馈电系统与功分器I相连接，功分器I与功分器II相连接，功分器II与T/R组件I相连接，T/R组件I与天线I相连接；功分器II与T/R组件III相连接，T/R组件III与天线III相连接；功分器I与移相器相连接，移相器与功分器III相连接，功分器III与T/R组件II相连接，T/R组件II与天线II相连接；功分器III与T/R组件IV相连接，T/R组件IV与天线IV相连接。Preferably, in the described device for implementing beamforming using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal, the feed system is connected to the power divider I, the power divider I is connected to the power divider II, and the power divider II Connect with T/R component I, T/R component I is connected with antenna I; Power divider II is connected with T/R component III, T/R component III is connected with antenna III; Power divider I is connected with shifter The phase shifter is connected with the power divider III, the power divider III is connected with the T/R component II, the T/R component II is connected with the antenna II; the power divider III is connected with the T/R component IV connected, T/R assembly IV is connected to antenna IV.
优选的，所述天线为MIMO天线。Preferably, the antenna is a MIMO antenna.
优选的，所述天线是偶极子类型天线或环形天线或微带贴片天线。Preferably, the antenna is a dipole type antenna or a loop antenna or a microstrip patch antenna.
优选的，所述移相器采用直接数字式频率合成器和片内电感电容相结合。Preferably, the phase shifter uses a combination of a direct digital frequency synthesizer and an on-chip inductance and capacitance.
由以上本发明提供的技术方案可见，本发明具有以下技术效果：As can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the present invention above, the present invention has the following technical effects:
使用MIMO技术能够充分利用空间资源，在不增加系统带宽和天线总发射功率的情况下，可有效对抗无线信道衰落的影响，大大提高系统的频谱资源利用率和信道容量，采用了创新的设计在提高系统性能的同时，降低了电路的复杂度，减少了系统的成本，具有重大的生产实践意义。The use of MIMO technology can make full use of space resources. Without increasing the system bandwidth and the total antenna transmission power, it can effectively resist the influence of wireless channel fading, greatly improve the system's spectrum resource utilization and channel capacity, and adopt innovative design in While improving the performance of the system, the complexity of the circuit is reduced, and the cost of the system is reduced, which has great practical significance in production.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置的电路原理图。FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a device for implementing beamforming using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
为避免多径效应引起的频域选择性衰落，提高频谱利用率和信道容量，降低系统辐射、复杂度和成本，本发明实例提供了一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置，详见下文描述：In order to avoid selective fading in the frequency domain caused by multipath effects, improve spectrum utilization and channel capacity, and reduce system radiation, complexity and cost, the present invention provides a device for implementing beamforming using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal. See the description below for details:
传统的移动终端由于采用的是单天线，信道容量和频谱利用率较低，无法满足高速增长的移动用户和基于高速数据传输效率的移动多媒体业务，此外，由于移动通信的自身特征，数据在传输过程中将受到空间各种地势、建筑以及人的活动的影响，导致信号衰落，信号质量下降；再者，各信号之间的干扰以及信号的多径效应也将引起信号衰落，降低信号质量。采用MIMO技术的多天线通信系统，可以有效的利用多径效应结合空间分集与空间复用，在不增加额外的频段和功率的情况下，成倍的提高通信系统的信道容量、频谱利用率、质量以及传输速率，故本发明实例优选采用MIMO天线的4G移动终端。Because the traditional mobile terminal uses a single antenna, the channel capacity and spectrum utilization are low, and it cannot meet the high-speed growth of mobile users and mobile multimedia services based on high-speed data transmission efficiency. In addition, due to the characteristics of mobile communications, data transmission The process will be affected by various terrains, buildings and human activities in space, resulting in signal fading and signal quality degradation; moreover, the interference between signals and the multipath effect of signals will also cause signal fading and reduce signal quality. The multi-antenna communication system using MIMO technology can effectively use the multipath effect combined with space diversity and space multiplexing, without adding additional frequency bands and power, it can double the channel capacity, spectrum utilization rate, Quality and transmission rate, so the example of the present invention is preferably a 4G mobile terminal using a MIMO antenna.
所述一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置由馈电系统、功分器、移相器、T/R组件和天线连接组成，馈电系统与功分器相连接，移相器与功分器相连接，功分器与T/R组件相连接，T/R组件与天线相连接。The device for implementing beamforming using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal is composed of a feed system, a power splitter, a phase shifter, a T/R component and an antenna connection, the feed system is connected to the power splitter, and the phase shifter The power divider is connected with the power divider, the power divider is connected with the T/R component, and the T/R component is connected with the antenna.
优选的，在所述的一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置中，馈电系统与功分器I相连接，功分器I与功分器II相连接，功分器II与T/R组件I相连接，T/R组件I与天线I相连接；功分器II与T/R组件III相连接，T/R组件III与天线III相连接；功分器I与移相器相连接，移相器与功分器III相连接，功分器III与T/R组件II相连接，T/R组件II与天线II相连接；功分器III与T/R组件IV相连接，T/R组件IV与天线IV相连接。Preferably, in the described device for implementing beamforming using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal, the feed system is connected to the power divider I, the power divider I is connected to the power divider II, and the power divider II Connect with T/R component I, T/R component I is connected with antenna I; Power divider II is connected with T/R component III, T/R component III is connected with antenna III; Power divider I is connected with shifter The phase shifter is connected with the power divider III, the power divider III is connected with the T/R component II, the T/R component II is connected with the antenna II; the power divider III is connected with the T/R component IV connected, T/R assembly IV is connected to antenna IV.
所述天线为MIMO天线。采用4根MIMO天线产生一个具有指向性的尖锐窄波束，将能量集中在欲传输的方向，提高信号品质，并减少与其他用户间的干扰，同时可以实现在2.4G、2.6G和3.6G三个频段通信。采用MIMO技术使信道具有丰富的散射环境，使各个信道之间尽量独立，从而更好的利用多用户分集增益，提高传输的可靠性。The antenna is a MIMO antenna. Four MIMO antennas are used to generate a directional sharp narrow beam, which concentrates energy in the direction to be transmitted, improves signal quality, and reduces interference with other users. frequency band communication. The MIMO technology is used to make the channel have a rich scattering environment, so that each channel is as independent as possible, so as to better utilize the multi-user diversity gain and improve the reliability of transmission.
所述天线是偶极子类型天线或环形天线或微带贴片天线。具体实现时，本发明实例对此不作限制。The antenna is a dipole type antenna or a loop antenna or a microstrip patch antenna. During specific implementation, the examples of the present invention do not limit this.
为了提高数控便捷性，所述移相器可以采用直接数字式频率合成器和片内电感电容相结合的方法，具体实现时，还可以采用其他的方案来调相，本发明实例对此不作限制。In order to improve the convenience of numerical control, the phase shifter can adopt the method of combining direct digital frequency synthesizer and on-chip inductance and capacitance. During specific implementation, other schemes can also be used to adjust the phase, and the examples of the present invention are not limited to this .
4根天线既可以作为发射天线也可以作为接收天线；所述移相器调整天线相位，产生具有指向性的尖锐波束，提高信号品质，并减少与其他用户间的干扰；所述功分器I与所述馈电系统相连，为每个天线提供相同功率；所述馈电系统转换外接电源为本系统装置提供所需电压。The four antennas can be used as both transmitting antennas and receiving antennas; the phase shifter adjusts the antenna phase to generate a directional sharp beam, improves signal quality, and reduces interference with other users; the power divider I It is connected with the feeding system to provide the same power for each antenna; the feeding system converts the external power supply to provide the required voltage for the system device.
进一步地，不用对T/R组件、功分器和馈电系统再进行加工改造，可以拿来商业上已经生产好的器件直接使用，节省了再加工时所需的成本，使适用的范围扩大，具体实现时，本发明实例对此不作限制。Further, there is no need to reprocess and transform T/R components, power dividers and feed systems, and can be used directly with commercially produced devices, saving the cost of reprocessing and expanding the scope of application , during specific implementation, the examples of the present invention do not limit this.
综上所述，本发明实例提供了一种在4G移动终端采用MIMO实现波束赋形的装置，通过采用MIMO天线代替传统的单天线实现波束赋形，可以充分利用空间资源，在不增加系统带宽和天线总发射功率的情况下，降低了无线信道衰落的影响，降低了系统辐射，提高了系统的频谱资源利用率和信道容量；通过安装4根MIMO天线实现可在2.4G、2.6G和3.6G三个频段下通信，采用尖锐波束天线，提高了通信的稳健性；采用DDS与片内电感电容相结合的移相方法，提高了处理器数控的便捷性；合理安排T/R组件、移相器、功分器和馈电系统的电路分布，降低了电路的复杂度，减少了系统的成本。In summary, the example of the present invention provides a device for implementing beamforming by using MIMO in a 4G mobile terminal. By using a MIMO antenna instead of a traditional single antenna to implement beamforming, space resources can be fully utilized without increasing the system bandwidth. In the case of the total transmission power of the antenna, the influence of wireless channel fading is reduced, the system radiation is reduced, and the spectrum resource utilization and channel capacity of the system are improved; by installing 4 MIMO antennas, it can be realized in 2.4G, 2.6G and 3.6 Communication under the three frequency bands of G, using a sharp beam antenna, which improves the robustness of communication; using a phase shift method combining DDS and on-chip inductance and capacitance, which improves the convenience of processor numerical control; reasonable arrangement of T/R components, shifting The circuit distribution of the phase device, the power divider and the feed system reduces the complexity of the circuit and reduces the cost of the system.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN110311702A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-08 | 松下航空电子公司 | Short-distance wireless communication antenna system, aerial array and antenna optimizer |
| CN109660285A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Wave beam forming implementation method based on total reference in a kind of MIMO system |
| CN109660285B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-04-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Common reference-based beam forming implementation method in MIMO system |
| CN113162661A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-23 | 南京捷希科技有限公司 | Beam forming equipment and beam forming method |
| CN113162661B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2022-05-27 | 南京捷希科技有限公司 | Beam forming equipment and beam forming method |
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Application publication date: 20120411 |