CN102411031B - Device and method for ultrasonically measuring elastic modulus of magnetostrictive material - Google Patents
Device and method for ultrasonically measuring elastic modulus of magnetostrictive material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 38
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Abstract
本发明一种超声测量磁致伸缩材料弹性模量的装置及其测量方法，该装置包括第一串联线圈、第二串联线圈、检测线圈、空心管、控制台、检测单片机、待测磁致伸缩材料加载脉冲驱动器、串联线圈直流电流信号发生器、串联线圈脉冲驱动器、信号拾取器、放大器电源、通讯接口和主控单片机。该方法根据磁致伸缩材料的磁致伸缩效应，在变化磁场下的外形变化，产生不同振动类型的超声波，从而根据其传播该超声波的速度，得到其弹性模量，而精确测量磁致伸缩材料在不同温度下的弹性模量对于该材料作为精密合金的应用是非常重要的。本发明超声测量磁致伸缩材料弹性模量设备成本低，精确度高，并可测量高温下磁致伸缩材料的弹性模量。
The invention discloses a device for ultrasonically measuring the elastic modulus of magnetostrictive materials and a measuring method thereof. The device includes a first series coil, a second series coil, a detection coil, a hollow tube, a console, a detection single-chip microcomputer, and a magnetostriction to be measured. Material loading pulse driver, series coil DC current signal generator, series coil pulse driver, signal pickup, amplifier power supply, communication interface and main control microcontroller. According to the magnetostrictive effect of the magnetostrictive material, the shape changes under the changing magnetic field to generate ultrasonic waves of different vibration types, so that the elastic modulus can be obtained according to the speed at which the ultrasonic wave propagates, and the magnetostrictive material can be accurately measured. The modulus of elasticity at different temperatures is very important for the application of this material as a precision alloy. The ultrasonic measuring device for elastic modulus of magnetostrictive material in the invention has low cost and high precision, and can measure the elastic modulus of magnetostrictive material under high temperature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material property detection technique field, relate to a kind of device of measuring the magnetostriction materials elastic modulus, particularly utilize ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials room temperature to arrive the elastic modulus under the high temperature.
Background technology
As everyone knows, general simple metal or do not have the alloy of phase transformation, along with the rising of temperature, volumetric expansion, elastic modulus reduces.But magnetostriction materials, because magnetostrictive effect, the abnormal temperature characteristic can appear in elastic modulus.Therefore, magnetostriction materials are applicable as Precise Alloys such as constant modulus alloy, low-expansion alloy, so accurately measuring the elastic modulus of magnetostriction materials under different temperatures is very important for this material as the application of Precise Alloy.
The method of measuring elasticity modulus of materials mainly contains three types:
[0004] one type is the static measurement method, i.e. the ess-strain method.The measuring accuracy of this method is low; Its magnitude of load, acceleration etc. all can influence test result, owing to receive the influence of relaxation process etc., can not reflect the variation of material internal structure truly; Can not measure the elastic modulus of material under different temperatures, can't measure hard brittle material.
One type is dynamic measuring method, and it is to bear alterante stress at test specimen to produce under the condition of small strain very, utilizes natural frequency and physical dimension, the density of sample, the corresponding relation between the elastic modulus to measure elastic modulus indirectly.Different according to the vibrational excitation mode, dynamic measuring method can be divided into resonant method and vibratory drilling method again, and this class methods measuring speed is fast, and measuring accuracy is high.But; Owing to need to produce the vibration of test specimen through vibration excitation device, utilize acceleration transducer to obtain vibration signal again, pass through signal conditioner, signal acquiring system then; Finally signal is carried out analyzing and processing, thereby obtain the natural frequency of test specimen by computing machine.Thereby often there is the device complicacy in professional measuring system, costs an arm and a leg, carries shortcomings such as inconvenience and debugging maintenance difficulty.
The equipment that the resonant method of domestic present production is measured elastic modulus exist resonant frequency seek difficulty, to shortcomings such as operating personnel's subjective judgement degree of dependence are high, measuring accuracy is low, the elastic modulus high temperature under is difficult to measurement especially.And external dynamic method is measured elastic modulus equipment, though can record the elastic modulus under the high temperature, costs an arm and a leg.Therefore this kind measurement measuring method can't satisfy elastic modulus measurement demand at home well at present.
Another kind of is the ultrasonic pulse-echo method.Compressional wave or torsional wave pulse that magnetostriction sonac through inverting element, coupling bar integral type excites are propagated in sample through coupled interface; Measurement is by the time interval and specimen length between the reflected impulse of the sample front/rear end of same sensor reception; Calculate the velocity of sound, and then obtain the elastic modulus of measured material.This kind method causes this kind measurement elastic modulus method to have bigger sound time error owing to there is a coupled interface between sonotrodes and the sample to be tested.
Ultrasonic method is measured elastic modulus, is exactly according to the communication theory of elastic wave in solid, and the velocity of propagation of the sound wave of different mode in solid is relevant with the corresponding elastic modulus and the density of material.Just can calculate Young modulus through measuring the velocity of propagation of compressional wave in solid, just can calculate modulus of shearing according to formula through measuring the velocity of propagation of torsional wave in solid according to formula.
[0009] " the acoustics handbook can be known by Ma Dayou, Shen Hao showed; Velocity of longitudinal wave in beam, rod is
, and torsional wave speed is
(circular beam).E is Young modulus (N/m
2), ρ is density of material (kg/m
3), G is shear elasticity modulus (N/m
2).
[0010] magnetostriction materials because its unique magnetostrictive effect can produce the ultrasound wave of different oscillatory types according to himself profile variation under the variation magnetic field, thereby are propagated this hyperacoustic speed according to it, obtain corresponding elastic modulus.
Ultrasonic method is measured the magnetostriction materials elastic modulus, and that has utilized that magnetostriction materials itself have under magnetic field magnetostrictive special performance can take place, and equipment cost is low, the degree of accuracy height, and the adding of heating tube also makes equipment can measure the elastic modulus under the high temperature.
[0012] measures the time interval between two ripples through step-by-step counting, improved measuring accuracy greatly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus, solve the magnetostriction materials high-temperature elastic modulus and measure difficulty, measure the high problem of cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of device of ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus, this device comprisesFirst series coil, second series coil, magnetic test coil, hollow tubular,
Control desk,Detect single-chip microcomputer, magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured, series coil dc current signal generator, series coil pulse driver, signal pickup, APS amplifier power supply, communication interface and main control singlechip;
Wherein, Said first series coil, second series coil and magnetic test coil are wrapped on the outer wall of said heating tube hollow tubular successively; Connecting of said first series coil with second series coil; Parallelly connected with said series coil dc current signal generator and series coil pulse driver through said control desk, said series coil dc current signal generator is connected with said collection single-chip microcomputer with the series coil pulse driver; Said magnetic test coil is connected with signal pickup through control desk; Said signal pickup is connected with the collection single-chip microcomputer through amplifier; Magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured is connected with the collection single-chip microcomputer, and said collection single-chip microcomputer is connected with main control singlechip through communication interface.
Further, this device
Said heating part comprise heating tube,Heat insulating device, electric heater unit, temperature control instrument, silica sand and temperature sensor; The said hollow tubular outside between that said heating tube is arranged on said first series coil and second series coil; Said heat insulating device covers with second series coil said heating tube and said first series coil; Said silica sand is filled in space between said heating tube, heat-proof device and the said hollow tubular, and said heating tube is connected with said electric heater unit through said control; Said temperature sensor places in the said hollow tubular, and said temperature sensor is connected with said temperature control instrument with said electric heater unit, and said temperature control instrument (10) is connected with said main control singlechip through said communication interface.
It is above-mentioned that another object of the present invention provides
The method of the measurement device elastic modulus of ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: sample to be tested is passed hollow tubular fix, two ends (are connected with magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured;
Step: 2: gather single-chip microcomputer and load the current impulse of a moment for first series coil and second series coil through the series coil pulse driver; The axial stretching of a moment can take place in the interior said test sample of said hollow tubular this moment; Produce two compressional waves; These two compressional waves propagate into magnetic test coil along said test sample; Magnetic test coil is sensed two induction electromotive forces and is sent electric signal; Two electric signal of signal pickup collection send to amplifier; Amplifier sends to the collection single-chip microcomputer after signal is amplified; Send to main control singlechip through communication interface after said collection single-chip microcomputer receives signal, said main control singlechip calculates two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, just can obtain the Young modulus of this sample according to the velocity of propagation formula
of compressional wave in circular cross-section rod;
Gather single-chip microcomputer give through series coil dc current signal generator said first series connection coil load a constant DC stream with second series coil, along said test sample axially form a constant axial field in the said hollow tubular this moment; Said collection single-chip microcomputer loads a current impulse for said test sample through magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured; Will produce the toroidal field of a said test sample in edge with light velocity propagation; Run into said first series coil when this toroidal field with second series coil in be formed centrally axial field the time; Because Wertheim effect; The torsional deflection of moment takes place in the said test sample in the said hollow tubular; Form two torsional waves, propagate into magnetic test coil, because counter magnetostriction effect along said test sample; Said magnetic test coil is sensed two induction electromotive forces; Detect two signal peaks, two electric signal of signal pickup collection send to said amplifier, and said amplifier sends to said collection single-chip microcomputer after signal is amplified; Gather and send to said main control singlechip through said communication interface after single-chip microcomputer receives signal; Said main control singlechip calculates two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, i.e. torsional wave time of on the said test sample between said first series coil and second series coil, propagating is again according to the distance between first series coil and second series coil; Calculate the velocity of propagation of torsional wave in said sample to be tested, just obtain the modulus of shearing of said sample to be tested according to the velocity of propagation
of torsional wave in circular cross-section rod.
Further, can also measure different temperatures
The method of elastic modulus specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: sample to be tested is passed hollow tubular fix, two ends are connected with magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured (16);
Step: 2: temperature control instrument control electric heater unit starts; Said electric heater unit is through the heating of control desk control heating tube; Said heating tube heating silica sand makes said hollow tubular thermally equivalent, the temperature of the said hollow tubular of temperature acquisition sensor acquisition and through sending to said main control singlechip; Said main control singlechip sends instruction according to collecting temperature and gives the collection single-chip microcomputer; Gathering single-chip microcomputer loads the current impulse of a moment for first series coil and second series coil through the series coil pulse driver; The axial stretching of a moment can take place in the interior said test sample of said hollow tubular this moment; Produce two compressional waves; These two compressional waves propagate into magnetic test coil along said test sample; Magnetic test coil is sensed two induction electromotive forces and is sent electric signal; Signal pickup collects two electric signal of magnetic test coil and sends to amplifier, and amplifier sends to the collection single-chip microcomputer after signal is amplified, and sends to main control singlechip through communication interface after said collection single-chip microcomputer receives signal; Said main control singlechip calculates two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, just obtains the Young modulus of this sample under the different temperatures according to the velocity of propagation formula
of compressional wave in circular cross-section rod;
Gather single-chip microcomputer and load a constant DC stream for said first series coil and second series coil through series coil dc current signal generator, along said test sample axially form a constant axial field in the said hollow tubular this moment; Said collection single-chip microcomputer loads a current impulse for said test sample through magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured; Will produce the toroidal field of a said test sample in edge with light velocity propagation; When this toroidal field runs into the axial field that is formed centrally in said first series coil and second series coil; Because Wertheim effect; The torsional deflection of moment takes place in the said test sample in the said hollow tubular; Form two torsional waves, propagate into magnetic test coil, because counter magnetostriction effect along said test sample; Said magnetic test coil is sensed two induction electromotive forces; Detect two signal peaks, two electric signal of signal pickup collection send to said amplifier, and said amplifier sends to said collection single-chip microcomputer after signal is amplified; Gather and send to said main control singlechip through said communication interface after single-chip microcomputer receives signal; Said main control singlechip calculates two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, i.e. torsional wave time of on the said test sample between said first series coil and second series coil, propagating is again according to the distance between first series coil and second series coil; Calculate the velocity of propagation of torsional wave in said sample to be tested, just obtain the modulus of shearing of said sample different temperatures to be tested according to the velocity of propagation
of torsional wave in circular cross-section rod.
Effect intentionally of the present invention is: owing to adopt technique scheme,Because its unique magnetostrictive effect can produce the ultrasound wave of different oscillatory types according to its profile variation under the variation magnetic field, thereby propagate this hyperacoustic speed, obtain its elastic modulus according to it.Magnetostriction materials, because its magnetostrictive effect, the abnormal temperature characteristic can appear in elastic modulus.Therefore, magnetostriction materials are widely used in Precise Alloy fields such as constant modulus alloy, low-expansion alloy, so accurately measuring the elastic modulus of magnetostriction materials under different temperatures is very important for this material as the application of Precise Alloy.Ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus equipment cost of the present invention is low, and degree of accuracy is high, and can measure the elastic modulus of magnetostriction materials under the high temperature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus structure drawing of device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus heat tracing pipe cross sectional representation of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1-first series coil, 2-second series coil, 3-heating tube, 4-heat insulating device, 5-magnetic test coil; The 6-hollow tubular, 7-magnetostriction materials to be measured, 8-control desk; 9-electric heater unit, 10-temperature control instrument 11-silica sand, 12-communication interface, 13-temperature sensor, 14-main control singlechip; 15-gathers single-chip microcomputer, 16-magnetostriction materials load pulses to be measured driver, 17-series coil dc current signal generator; 18-series coil pulse driver, 19-signal pickup, 20-amplifier.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further and to illustrate.
Shown in Fig. 1-2, the present invention
A kind of device of ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus, this device comprisesFirst series coil 1, second series coil 2, heating tube 3, heat insulating device 4, magnetic test coil 5, hollow tubular 6, magnetostriction materials to be measured 7, control desk 8, electric heater unit 9, temperature control instrument 10, silica sand 11, communication interface 12, temperature sensor 13, main control singlechip 14, gather single-chip microcomputer 15, magnetostriction materials load pulses driver to be measured 16, series coil dc current signal generator 17, series coil pulse driver 18, picking up signal 19 devices and amplifier 20
Wherein, First series coil 1, second series coil 2 and magnetic test coil 5 be wrapped in successively hollow tubular 6 on; First series coil 1 is connected with said second series coil 2; Parallelly connected with series coil dc current signal generator 17 and series coil pulse driver 18 through control desk, series coil dc current signal generator 17 is connected with collection single-chip microcomputer 18 with series coil pulse driver 18; Magnetic test coil 5 is connected with signal pickup 19 through control desk 8; Signal pickup 19 is connected with collection single-chip microcomputer 15 through amplifier 20; Magnetostriction materials load pulses driver 16 to be measured is connected with collection single-chip microcomputer 15; Gather single-chip microcomputer 15 and be connected with said main control singlechip 14 through said communication interface 12, heating tube 3 is arranged on hollow tubular 6 outsides between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2, and heat insulating device 4 covers with second series coil 2 heating tube 6 and first series coil 1; Silica sand 11 is filled in space between heating tube 3, heat insulating device 4 and the hollow tubular 6, and heating tube 3 is connected with electric heater unit 9 through control desk 8; Temperature sensor 13 places in the hollow tubular 6, and temperature sensor 13 is connected with temperature control instrument 10 with electric heater unit 9, and temperature control instrument 10 is connected with main control singlechip 14 through communication interface 12.
Embodiment 1
[0025] elastic modulus under the measurement room temperature.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus equipment is made up of current signal generation part, heating control section branch, speed acquisition part, data processing display part.
Magnetostriction materials to be measured are selected FeNi alloy silk, and cross-sectional diameter is 0.5mm, and composition is that Fe is 50～55wt%, and Ni is 45～50wt%.
Step 1: it is fixing that this FeNi alloy silk is passed hollow tubular 6, two ends and magnetostriction materials load pulses driver 16 to be measured;
Step: 2: what series coil pulse driver 18 was given first series coil 1 loads the current impulse of a moment with second series coil 2; This moment, the axial stretching of a moment can take place in hollow tubular 6 interior FeNi alloy silks 7; Produce two compressional waves; These two compressional waves propagate into magnetic test coil 5 along its FeNi alloy silk 7; Magnetic test coil 5 is sensed two induction electromotive forces and is sent electric signal; Signal pickup 19 is gathered two electric signal and is sent to amplifier 20; Send to after amplifier 20 amplifies signal and gather single-chip microcomputer 15; Gather and send to main control singlechip through communication interface 12 after single-chip microcomputer 15 receives signal, main control singlechip calculates two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, just can obtain the Young modulus of this sample according to the velocity of propagation formula
of compressional wave in circular cross-section rod; Series coil dc current signal generator 23 loads a constant DC stream for first series coil 1 and second series coil 2, axially forms a constant axial field along FeNi alloy silk 7 in the hollow tubular 6 at this moment; Magnetostriction materials load pulses driver 22 to be measured loads a current impulse for this FeNi alloy silk 7 again; Will produce one along the toroidal field of this FeNi alloy silk 7 with light velocity propagation; Run into first series coil 1 when this toroidal field with second series coil 2 in be formed centrally axial field the time; Because Wertheim effect, the torsional deflection of moment takes place in the FeNi alloy silk 7 in the hollow tubular 6, forms two torsional waves; Propagate into magnetic test coil 5 along this FeNi alloy silk 7; Because counter magnetostriction effect, magnetic test coil 5 is sensed two induction electromotive forces, detects two signal peaks; Signal pickup 19 is gathered two electric signal and is sent to amplifier 20; Send to after amplifier 20 amplifies signal and gather single-chip microcomputer 15, gather and send to main control singlechip through communication interface 12 after single-chip microcomputer 15 receives signal, main control singlechip calculates two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal; It is the time that torsional wave is propagated on this FeNi alloy silk 7 between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; According to the distance between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2, calculate the velocity of propagation of torsional wave in this FeNi alloy silk 7 again, just obtain the modulus of shearing of this FeNi alloy silk 7 according to the velocity of propagation
of torsional wave in circular cross-section rod;
] measure the Young modulus under the different temperatures.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of ultrasonic measurement magnetostriction materials elastic modulus equipment is made up of current signal generation part, heating control section branch, speed acquisition part, data processing display part.
Magnetostriction materials to be measured are selected FeNi alloy silk, and cross-sectional diameter is 0.5mm, and composition is that Fe is 50～55wt%, and Ni is 45～50wt%.
This FeNi alloy silk is passed hollow tubular 6, install and fix.
Load a pulse current for first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; This moment, the axial stretching of a moment can take place in first series coil 1 and second series coil, 2 interior FeNi alloy silks 7; Produce two compressional waves, these two compressional waves propagate into magnetic test coil 5 along FeNi alloy silk 7, because counter magnetostriction effect; Magnetic test coil 5 is sensed two induction electromotive forces; Detecting the peak of two signals, handle and obtain two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, is exactly the travel-time that compressional wave is propagated on the FeNi alloy silk 7 between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; Again according to the spacing between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; Just obtain the velocity of propagation of compressional wave in this FeNi alloy silk 7, temperature control instrument 10 control electric heater units 9, heating tube 3 is connected with electric heater unit 14 through control desk 8; Electric heater unit 10 be used to gather hollow tubular 6 in the temperature sensor 13 of temperature make hollow tubular 6 thermally equivalents with being connected heating tube heating silica sand 11 respectively, 10 ℃ of data acquisition process partial records of every rising are at this moment temperature, velocity of wave and time once.Just can obtain the velocity of propagation of compressional wave in this FeNi alloy silk 7 under the different temperatures, just can obtain the Young modulus of this FeNi alloy silk 7 under the different temperatures according to
.
Load a constant DC stream for first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; Along FeNi alloy silk 7 axially respectively form a constant axial field in two coil first series coils 1 and second series coil 2 this moment; Gathering single-chip microcomputer 15 loads a current impulse for this FeNi alloy silk 7 through magnetostriction materials load pulses driver 16 to be measured; Produce one along the toroidal field of this FeNi alloy silk 7, when this toroidal field runs into the axial field that is formed centrally in first series coil 1 and second series coil 2, because Wertheim effect with light velocity propagation; The torsional deflection of moment takes place in the FeNi alloy silk 7 in first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; Form two torsional waves, propagate into magnetic test coil 5, because counter magnetostriction effect along this FeNi alloy silk 7; Magnetic test coil 5 is sensed two induced electromotive force signal; Detecting two signal peaks, handle and obtain two peak-to-peak time intervals of signal, is exactly the time that this torsional wave is propagated on this FeNi alloy silk 7 between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2; According to the distance between first series coil 1 and second series coil 2, calculate the velocity of propagation of torsional wave in this FeNi alloy silk 7 again.
To the heating tube heating, 10 ℃ of data acquisition process partial records of every rising are temperature, velocity of wave and the time of this moment once.Just can obtain the velocity of propagation of torsional wave in this FeNi alloy silk 7 under the different temperatures, just can obtain the modulus of shearing under the different temperatures according to
.
Although carried out detailed description with reference to above-mentioned exemplary embodiment specific embodiments of the invention of the present invention; But should be noted that; Under the situation that does not break away from core of the present invention, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend performing creative labour all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
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| US9422806B2 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2016-08-23 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Downhole monitoring using magnetostrictive probe |
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| CN115047077B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-11-01 | 华中科技大学 | Ultrasonic resonance spectrum measuring device suitable for variable temperature and variable magnetic field |
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| JP特开平11-295281A 1999.10.29 |
| 热处理对Tb-Dy-Fe合金声速和弹性模量的影响;赵青等;《金属功能材料》;19980430;第5卷(第2期);77-78 * |
| 赵青等.热处理对Tb-Dy-Fe合金声速和弹性模量的影响.《金属功能材料》.1998,第5卷(第2期),77-78. |
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| US20150096942A1 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-09 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Distributive Temperature Monitoring Using Magnetostrictive Probe Technology |
| US9422806B2 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2016-08-23 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Downhole monitoring using magnetostrictive probe |
| US9598642B2 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2017-03-21 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Distributive temperature monitoring using magnetostrictive probe technology |
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