CN102403496B - Composite cathode material of high-content lithium-ion battery and synthesis method for composite cathode material - Google Patents

Composite cathode material of high-content lithium-ion battery and synthesis method for composite cathode material Download PDF

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CN102403496B
CN102403496B CN201110425755.2A CN201110425755A CN102403496B CN 102403496 B CN102403496 B CN 102403496B CN 201110425755 A CN201110425755 A CN 201110425755A CN 102403496 B CN102403496 B CN 102403496B
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anode material
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CN102403496A (en
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张海朗
叶艳艳
杜运
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Jiangnan University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of lithium-ion batteries and provides a composite cathode material of a high-content lithium-ion battery. The composite cathode material comprises 3 to 20 mass percent of gamma-manganese dioxide (MnO2) and 80 to 97 mass percent of composite metallic oxide of which a molecular formula is Li1.2Ni(0.2-x)Mn(0.6-x)Co2XO2, wherein x is equal to 0 to 0.07. The invention also provides a method for preparing the composite cathode material. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing the composite metallic oxide of lithium (Li) and transition metal elements; and mixing the composite metallic oxide and the gamma-MnO2 according to proportion, uniformly grinding, and thus obtaining the composite cathode material of the high-content lithium-ion battery. The composite cathode material is high in high-temperature specific capacity, excellent in multiplying power performance, and high in first Coulomb efficiency, and can meet requirements of power batteries. A synthesis method is simple, easy to operate, and applicable to large-scale production.

Description

A kind of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery and synthetic method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium ion battery field, be specifically related to a kind of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery and synthetic method thereof.
Background technology
The main alternative that lithium ion battery is high with its specific energy, power density is high, have extended cycle life, self discharge is little, cost performance advantages of higher has become current portable type electronic product and can fill again formula power supply.In the evolution of lithium ion battery, cell positive material becomes the bottleneck of its large-scale promotion application of restriction, makes superior performance, low-cost positive pole is the business-like key factor of lithium ion battery.
At present, existing commercial Li-ion battery positive electrode has LiCoO 2, LiMn 2o 4and LiFePO 4, but the capacity relative of this this positive electrode is all lower, is difficult to meet the demand of high power capacity, high-energy-density electronic product, is particularly difficult to meet the development need of electric automobile.Have bibliographical information a kind of lithium-rich anode material as Li[Li 0.2ni 0.2mn 0.6] O 2at voltage 2.0～4.6V, under constant current 0.1C, discharge capacity reaches 270mAh/g first, and after 50 circulations, capability retention is 92%, shows very high discharge capacity and cyclical stability, becomes the focus of research.Such lithium-rich anode material is mainly by Li 2mnO 3solid solution with stratified material LiMO (M=Ni, Mn, the transiting group metal elements such as Co) formation.There is the LiMnO of being similar to 2layer structure, be ɑ-NaFeO 2configuration, belongs to hexagonal crystal system, R-3m space group.
Although above-mentioned lithium-rich anode material has high power capacity and cyclical stability, also there is first the low and poor problem of high rate performance of coulomb efficiency in this class lithium-rich anode material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem that in existing lithium-rich anode material, coulomb efficiency is low first, high rate performance is poor, a kind of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the synthetic method of this composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery.
The technical scheme that the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery, this composite positive pole includes γ-MnO of 3～20 quality % 2with the molecular formula of 80～97 quality % be Li 1.2ni (0.2-x)mn (0.6-x)co 2Xo 2composite metal oxide, wherein, x=0～0.07.
The synthetic method of above-mentioned composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery, comprises the steps:
(1) press proportional quantity by soluble in water to the lithium salts of solubility, nickel salt, manganese salt, cobalt salt and gelatinizing agent, then regulator solution pH, to neutrality or alkalescent, is that 70～80 DEG C of reactions generated colloidal sol after 6～10 hours in temperature;
(2) colloidal sol is dried, the presoma obtaining is in 450～550 DEG C of pre-burnings cooling grinding after 5～8 hours, then at 800～950 DEG C, calcines that after 6～15 hours, to obtain molecular formula be Li 1.2ni (0.2-x)mn (0.6-x)co 2Xo 2composite metal oxide;
(3) by γ-MnO 2be heat treated 5～25 hours at 130～350 DEG C in temperature;
(4) by the γ-MnO after the composite metal oxide of step (2) gained and step (3) heat treated 2press proportional quantity and mix, grind evenly, obtain composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery.
Further, described lithium salts is LiNO 3, LiCl, CH 3at least one in COOLi and LiOH, described nickel salt is Ni (NO 3) 2, NiCl 2and Ni (CH 3cOO) 2in at least one, described manganese salt is Mn (NO 3) 2, MnCl 2and Mn (CH 3cOO) 2in at least one, described cobalt salt is Co (NO 3) 2, CoCl2 and Co (CH 3cOO) 2in at least one.
Further, the mole dosage of described gelatinizing agent equals the summation of nickel salt, manganese salt and cobalt salt three mole dosage.
Further, described gelatinizing agent is tartaric acid and/or citric acid.
Further, in step (1), with ammoniacal liquor, pH value of solution is adjusted to 7～7.5.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the high temperature specific capacity of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery of the present invention is high and high rate performance is good, can meet the requirement of electrokinetic cell, at 2～4.8V, 55 DEG C, discharge and recharge, when 0.1C, initial discharge capacity reaches as high as 281mAh/g, and when 1C, discharge capacity can reach 180 mAh/g; And Li 1.2ni (0.2-x)mn (0.6-x)co 2Xo 2composite metal oxide while discharging and recharging at 55 DEG C, when 1C, discharge capacity only has 110 mAh/g left and right.
(2) coulombic efficiency is high first for composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery of the present invention, 20 DEG C while discharging and recharging first coulombic efficiency reach as high as 90%, 55 DEG C while discharging and recharging first coulombic efficiency can reach 98%; And Li 1.2ni (0.2-x)mn (0.6-x)co 2Xo 2the coulombic efficiency first of composite metal oxide only have 82%, 55 DEG C also only 88% at 20 DEG C.
(3) cyclic voltammetry curve explanation, composite positive pole of the present invention be not mixed with γ-MnO 2li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2composite metal oxide is compared, in the time discharging and recharging the variation of composite positive pole structure less, corresponding stability is also better.
(4) γ-MnO used 2raw material sources are abundant, cheap, add the cost that can reduce positive electrode after this raw material in lithium-rich anode material.
(5) composite positive pole synthetic method of the present invention is simple, is applicable to large-scale industrial production, and degree of being practical is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Li that embodiment 1 makes 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2the XRD phenogram of composite metal oxide.
Fig. 2 is Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2(a) and the composite positive pole of embodiment 1 (b), the first charge-discharge figure in the time of 20 DEG C under 0.1C electric current.
Fig. 3 is Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2(a) and the composite positive pole of embodiment 1 (b), the first charge-discharge figure in the time of 55 DEG C under 0.1C electric current.
Fig. 4 is Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2(a) and the composite positive pole of embodiment 1 (b), the cycle graph under different multiplying.
Fig. 5 is Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2cyclic voltammetry curve figure.
Fig. 6 is the cyclic voltammetry curve figure of the composite positive pole of embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
The Electrochemical Characterization method of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery of the present invention is as follows: positive electrode is made into slurry for the consumption of 8:1:1 mixes in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) in mass ratio with carbon black, binding agent PVDF, then slurry is coated in aluminum foil current collector uniformly, at 80 DEG C, dry, at 18MPa pressure lower sheeting, as anodal, lithium metal is as negative pole, and Celgard2325 makes barrier film, the LiPF that electrolyte is 1mol/L 6solution (solvent is ethylene carbonate: dimethyl carbonate volume ratio is 1:1 mixed liquor) is assembled into CR2032 type button cell in the glove box of argon gas atmosphere.The CR2032 type button cell of assembling characterizes with charge-discharge test instrument LAND-CT2001A, and discharging and recharging interval is 2～4.8V.
It should be noted that, specifically implement time of the present invention, due to the Li obtaining 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2in composite metal oxide, Li element volatility in the time of high-temperature calcination, far above elements such as Ni, Mn, Co, is therefore wanted high 5% left and right containing the actual mole dosage of raw material of Li compared with theoretical amount, to compensate the Li content deviation being caused because of volatilization.
Embodiment 1
Press LiNO 3, Ni (NO 3) 2, Mn (CH 3cOO) 2, Co (NO 3) 2, citric acid mol ratio is 1.26:0.17:0.56:0.07:0.8 consumption takes, be dissolved in the water, use again the pH to 7 of ammoniacal liquor regulator solution, then within 9 hours, form colloidal sol 80 DEG C of heating, then this colloidal sol is dried to 15 hours at 120 DEG C, obtain presoma, first pre-burning after 6 hours at 500 DEG C of presoma, cooling grinding, then at 950 DEG C, calcine after 6 hours coolingly, obtain Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2composite metal oxide.By γ-MnO 2at 300 DEG C, heat treated 15 hours, cooling.Press γ-MnO2 and Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2mass percent be that 8%:92% mixed grinding is even, obtain composite positive pole.
Embodiment 2
Press LiNO 3, Ni (NO 3) 2, Mn (CH 3cOO) 2, citric acid mol ratio is 1.26:0.2:0.6:0.8 consumption takes, be dissolved in the water, use again the pH to 7.2 of ammoniacal liquor regulator solution, then within 10 hours, form colloidal sol 70 DEG C of heating, then this colloidal sol is dried to 15 hours at 120 DEG C, obtain presoma, first pre-burning after 7 hours at 500 DEG C of presoma, cooling grinding, then at 950 DEG C, calcine after 6 hours coolingly, obtain Li 1.2ni 0.2mn 0.6o 2.By γ-MnO 2at 350 DEG C, heat treated 6 hours, cooling.Press γ-MnO 2with Li 1.2ni 0.2mn 0.6o 2mass percent be that 8%:92% mixed grinding is even, obtain composite positive pole.
Embodiment 3
Press LiNO 3, Ni (NO 3) 2, Mn (CH 3cOO) 2, Co (NO 3) 2, citric acid mol ratio is 1.26:0.13:0.54:0.13:0.8 consumption takes, be dissolved in the water, use again the pH to 7.3 of ammoniacal liquor regulator solution, then within 10 hours, form colloidal sol 75 DEG C of heating, then this colloidal sol is dried to 15 hours at 120 DEG C, obtain presoma, first pre-burning after 8 hours at 500 DEG C of presoma, cooling grinding, then at 900 DEG C, calcine after 8 hours coolingly, obtain Li 1.2ni 0.13mn 0.54co 0.13o 2.By γ-MnO2 heat treated 18 hours at 250 DEG C, cooling.Press γ-MnO 2with Li 1.2ni 0.13mn 0.54co 0.13o 2mass percent be that 8%:92% mixed grinding is even, obtain composite positive pole.
Embodiment 4
Press LiNO 3, Ni (NO 3) 2, Mn (CH 3cOO) 2, Co (NO 3) 2, citric acid mol ratio is 1.26:0.17:0.56:0.07:0.8 consumption takes, be dissolved in the water, use again the pH to 7 of ammoniacal liquor regulator solution, then within 8 hours, form colloidal sol 75 DEG C of heating, then this colloidal sol is dried to 15 hours at 120 DEG C, obtain presoma, first pre-burning after 5 hours at 550 DEG C of presoma, cooling grinding, then at 950 DEG C, calcine after 7 hours coolingly, obtain Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2.By γ-MnO 2at 300 DEG C, heat treated 10 hours, cooling.Press γ-MnO 2with Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2mass percent be that 3%:97% mixed grinding is even, obtain composite positive pole.
Embodiment 5
Press CH 3cOOLi, Ni (CH 3cOO) 2, Mn (CH 3cOO) 2, Co (CH 3cOO) 2, citric acid mol ratio is 1.26:0.17:0.56:0.07:0.8 consumption takes, be dissolved in the water, use again the pH to 7 of ammoniacal liquor regulator solution, then within 6 hours, form colloidal sol 80 DEG C of heating, then this colloidal sol is dried to 15 hours at 120 DEG C, obtain presoma, first pre-burning after 8 hours at 450 DEG C of presoma, cooling grinding, then at 850 DEG C, calcine after 10 hours coolingly, obtain Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2.By γ-MnO 2at 170 DEG C, heat treated 25 hours, cooling.Press γ-MnO 2with Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2mass percent be that 10%:90% mixed grinding is even, obtain composite positive pole.
Embodiment 6
Press LiOH, Ni (NO 3) 2, Mn (CH 3cOO) 2, Co (NO 3) 2, tartaric acid mol ratio is 1.26:0.17:0.56:0.07:0.8 consumption takes, be dissolved in the water, use again the pH to 7 of ammoniacal liquor regulator solution, then within 7 hours, form colloidal sol 80 DEG C of heating, then this colloidal sol is dried to 15 hours at 120 DEG C, obtain presoma, first pre-burning after 6 hours at 550 DEG C of presoma, cooling grinding, then at 850 DEG C, calcine after 12 hours coolingly, obtain Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2.By γ-MnO 2at 200 DEG C, heat treated 20 hours, cooling.Press γ-MnO 2with Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2mass percent be that 20%:80% mixed grinding is even, obtain composite positive pole.
As shown in Figure 1, XRD characterizes explanation Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2it is ɑ-NaFeO that composite metal oxide has typical stratiform hexagonal structure 2configuration, space group is R-3m, does not occur other assorted peak in figure.
Under 0.1C electric current, the Electrochemical Characterization result of different materials is as following table:
。
55 DEG C of temperature, the discharge capacity under 1C electric current after 30 circulations is as shown in the table:
。
Lithium-rich anode material Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2and the cyclic voltammetry curve of the composite positive pole of embodiment 1 (as shown in Figure 6) (as shown in Figure 5), in initial charge process, all there are 2 peaks, be less than the peak and the peak that is greater than 4.5V of 4.5V, and in follow-up circulation, the peak that is greater than 4.5V all disappears, in discharge process, lithium-rich anode material Li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2peak about 3.75V moves to left and peak shape changes greatly, and is mixed with γ-MnO 2li 1.2ni 0.17mn 0.56co 0.07o 2composite metal oxide peak herein also moves to left but peak shape variation is relatively little, illustrates and is mixed with γ-MnO 2the structural change in charge and discharge process of positive electrode structure less, also more stable.

Claims (5)

1. a synthetic method for composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery, is characterized in that, described composite positive pole includes γ-MnO of 3～20 quality % 2with the molecular formula of 80～97 quality % be Li 1.2ni (0.2-x)mn (0.6-x)co 2Xo 2composite metal oxide, wherein, x=0～0.07,
Comprise the steps:
(1) press proportional quantity by soluble in water to the lithium salts of solubility, nickel salt, manganese salt, cobalt salt and gelatinizing agent, then regulator solution pH, to neutrality or alkalescent, is that 70～80 DEG C of reactions generated colloidal sol after 6～10 hours in temperature;
(2) colloidal sol is dried, the presoma obtaining is in 450～550 DEG C of pre-burnings cooling grinding after 5～8 hours, then at 850～950 DEG C, calcines that after 6～15 hours, to obtain molecular formula be Li 1.2ni (0.2-x)mn (0.6-x)co 2Xo 2composite metal oxide;
(3) by γ-MnO 2be heat treated 5～25 hours at 130～350 DEG C in temperature;
(4) by the γ-MnO after the composite metal oxide of step (2) gained and step (3) heat treated 2press proportional quantity and mix, grind evenly, obtain composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery.
2. the synthetic method of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lithium salts is LiNO 3, LiCl, CH 3at least one in COOLi and LiOH, described nickel salt is Ni (NO 3) 2, NiCl 2and Ni (CH 3cOO) 2in at least one, described manganese salt is Mn (NO 3) 2, MnCl 2and Mn (CH 3cOO) 2in at least one, described cobalt salt is Co (NO 3) 2, CoCl 2and Co (CH 3cOO) 2in at least one.
3. the synthetic method of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mole dosage of described gelatinizing agent equals the summation of nickel salt, manganese salt and cobalt salt three mole dosage.
4. the synthetic method of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gelatinizing agent is tartaric acid and/or citric acid.
5. the synthetic method of composite anode material of high-capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), with ammoniacal liquor, pH value of solution is adjusted to 7～7.5.
CN201110425755.2A 2011-12-16 2011-12-16 Composite cathode material of high-content lithium-ion battery and synthesis method for composite cathode material Expired - Fee Related CN102403496B (en)

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CN102723472B (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-07-23 江南大学 Chlorine-doped modified lithium ion battery lithium-rich cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN103855372B (en) * 2012-11-29 2017-02-22 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 High-manganese composite cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN104218225A (en) * 2014-05-07 2014-12-17 江南石墨烯研究院 Submicron graphene/lithium-rich lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide compound and preparation method thereof
CN106784677A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-31 江南大学 A kind of preparation of lithium-enriched cathodic material of lithium ion battery and improved method
CN108270000A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-07-10 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Lithium-rich material L i1.2Ni0.176Co0.1Mn0.524O2Coating method of

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