CN102401804A - Microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipeline electric smelting joint - Google Patents
Microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipeline electric smelting joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN102401804A CN102401804A CN2011103413604A CN201110341360A CN102401804A CN 102401804 A CN102401804 A CN 102401804A CN 2011103413604 A CN2011103413604 A CN 2011103413604A CN 201110341360 A CN201110341360 A CN 201110341360A CN 102401804 A CN102401804 A CN 102401804A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of detection of a pressure pipeline, in particular to a microwave scanning method of a polyethylene pipeline electric smelting joint, which comprises the steps of: detecting the polyethylene pipeline electric smelting joint by using a microwave scanning device, emitting microwaves to the joint to be detected by an emitter in a microwave probe, recording base line amplitudes by the microwaves through two receiving sensors, then penetrating through the surface of the joint to enter the inner part of the joint, when the travelling microwaves meet the defect, enabling the microwaves to generate reflection by the change of a dielectric constant; and generating interference by the reflected microwave signals and the emitted microwave signals, receiving by the receiving sensor and converting into a voltage signal, inputting to a computer after the voltage signal and scanning position information pass through a signal conversion system to obtain a scanning image, and obtaining relevant information of the defect in the electric smelting joint according to the scanning image. The detection method has the advantages of capability of detecting multiple types of defects, high detection sensitivity and precision, good reliability and the like, and can be especially used for effectively detecting process defects such as cold welding and the like, is convenient for operation, and has lower cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection range of pressure pipeline, specifically is a kind of microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint welding quality.
Background technology
Tygon (PE) pipeline has the performance of many brilliances, transmits resistivity etc. like low temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, good toughness, cracking resistance, easy to connect, good anti-scraping ability, good quick crackle, and its life-span is 4 times of steel pipe in practice.Therefore, polyethylene pipe has become the optimal selection of city gas line network, mesolow water supply network, and the method for attachment between the polyethylene pipe mainly contains two kinds of sweat soldering and electric smelting welding, sweat soldering and electro-fusion welding be connected on distinguish on the technology bigger.The technology maturation of sweat soldering, connection charge is lower, and in the occasion of using big nominal diameter tube road, sweat soldering is comparatively common.The main technique flow process of electric smelting welding is following: at first the ends of tubes insertion with required connection is embedded with in the electric smelting sleeve of resistance wire, and the three is closely contacted, energising then; Make the resistance wire heating in the electric melting pipe fittings; Under the heat effect, outer pipe wall face and pipe fitting inner wall face fusion gradually are one, when welding finishes; After joint slowly cools off, form tight firm joint.Electric smelting welding equipment investment is low, easy grasp simple to operate, and operating efficiency is high, and welding quality receives artificial factor less, is adapted at the less pipeline of nominal diameter and connects upward use, and bright development prospect is arranged.
Possibly there is various defective in polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint place, mainly comprises crackle, incomplete fusion, pore, is mingled with, cold welding etc.Wherein, be difficulty to the detection of the such manufacturability defective of cold welding defective, because this defective does not generally show as the variation of joint macrostructure, but the quality of butt junction and performance can produce very big influence.The defective of joint is a very big threat to the security of polyethylene pipe, and most polyethylene pipe accidents are all caused by the joint defective.Therefore, improve the security of polyethylene pipe, joint defect inspection method and perfect joint man-rate method effectively reliably must be provided.
The detection method of existing polyethylene pipe welding joint mainly contains two types of destructive test and nondestructive tests.The destructive test of joint is the evaluation to welding bonding interface ability in essence.Destructive test is a kind of detection method of inspecting character by random samples, and present stage is used for the product development of welding machine producer mostly.The main feeling the pulse with the finger-tip of the nondestructive test of joint is looked and is detected and ultrasound detection.Visual detection does not also form country or industry standard, and detection method mainly forms according to engineering experience, only judges the quality quality through range estimation outward appearance and size during detection, can't observe the inherent vice of welding, and reliability is short of to some extent.Ultrasound detection can directly obtain the status information of material internal, can differentiate some gross imperfections, but relatively more difficult to the detection of manufacturability defective (like cold welding).Tygon is a kind of macromolecular material, compares metal material and can absorb and the more acoustic wave energy of loss, and because its texture ratio metal material is complicated, be easy to increase the scattering of sound wave, and these have all increased the difficulty of polyethylene pipe joint ultrasound detection.What is more important, ultrasonic method has very big difficulty to the detection of manufacturability defective, and does not find effective detection means of manufacturability defective so far as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned background technology, a kind of microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint is provided.This detection method has can detect polytype defective, detection sensitivity and advantages such as precision height, good reliability, particularly can detect manufacturability defectives such as cold welding effectively, and easy and simple to handle, cost is lower.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint, at first the ends of tubes insertion with required connection is embedded with in the electric smelting sleeve of resistance wire, and the electric smelting sleeve is closely contacted with the ends of tubes three; Energising then makes the resistance wire heating in the electric melting pipe fittings; Under the heat effect, outer pipe wall face and pipe fitting inner wall face fusion gradually are one, when welding finishes, after the joint cooling, form tight firm polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint;
Detect the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint with the microwave scanister; Transmitter in the microwave probe is to tested joint launched microwave; Microwave is through two receiving sensor record baseline wave amplitudes; The penetration joints surface gets into its inside then, and when the microwave in advancing ran into defective, the variation of specific inductive capacity was reflected microwave; The microwave signal that is reflected and the microwave signal of emission interfere; Receive and convert to voltage signal by receiving sensor; In input computing machine behind the scanning position information process signal translating system; Obtain scan image, obtain the relevant information of defective in the electric fusion joint according to scan image;
This microwave scanister comprises: microwave probe, mechanical scanner, scanning control system, signal translating system, computing machine; One end of microwave probe is installed on the mechanical scanner, and the other end of microwave probe is corresponding with the electric fusion joint of polyethylene pipe; Mechanical scanner is installed in the circumferentially outside seized electric fusion joint of polyethylene pipe next door, and the output terminal of computing machine connects mechanical scanner through scanning control system, and the output terminal of microwave probe connects input end and computer through signal translating system; Wherein, microwave probe comprises a microwave emitter and A, two receiving sensors of B, and wherein two receiving sensors are placed side by side, the distance of 1/4 microwave wavelength of being separated by; Mechanical scanner comprise linear stepping motor and by linear stepping motor drive can reciprocating feeler lever, microwave probe is fixed on an end of feeler lever.
The microwave scanning detection method of described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint, realize according to the following steps:
(1) microwave probe is positioned a side of the electric fusion joint corresponding circle of sensation outside surface of polyethylene pipe;
(2) microwave probe carries out continuous sweep along the electric fusion joint outside surface, and sweep velocity is 2-30cm/s, and used microwave frequency is 1G-200GHz during detection;
(3) behind the signal process D/A switch of signal translating system that microwave probe obtains, the input computing machine is handled, and forms scan image.
The microwave scanning detection method of described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint, microwave probe carries out uniform speed scanning or variable speed scanning.
The microwave scanning detection method of described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint when the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint is scanned, avoids the use of couplant.
The microwave scanning detection method of described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint, microwave probe and electric fusion joint outside surface carry out contact scanning; Perhaps, adopt microwave probe to scan near the mode of electric fusion joint outside surface.
The microwave scanning detection method of described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint, the distance between microwave probe and the joint outside surface is controlled at 0-5cm.
Principle of the present invention is following:
Microwave is the electromagnetic wave of a kind of frequency range between 0.3-300GHz (being preferably 1G-200GHz), when microwave when a kind of medium enters into another kind and has the medium of differing dielectric constant, the difference of two media specific inductive capacity makes microwave that reflection or refraction take place.Defective in the material can be regarded as the medium with specific inductive capacity different with material around, and when the microwave in advancing ran into defective, the variation of specific inductive capacity was reflected microwave.The microwave signal of reflected signal and emission interferes, and is transformed into voltage signal through microwave probe, obtains scan image through signal amplification and digitizing transformation again.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention:
Detection method provided by the invention and pick-up unit can effectively detect various types of defectives of polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint reliably, and concrete advantage is following:
(1) compares with lossless detection methods such as ultrasonic, the rays of routine; The microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint defective of the present invention will comprise the side that microwave probe that microwave transmits and receives device is positioned polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint corresponding circle of sensation outside surface; Microwave probe moves to scan with certain speed along the joint outside surface; The microwave signal that obtains obtains scan image after conversion of signals and Computer Processing.Adopt Microwave Measurement to realize effective coupling, therefore need not use couplant through air from the tested electric fusion joint of popping one's head in, the material contamination problem that can avoid couplant to bring, and can not cause obscuring of a series of reflections;
(2) its amplitude of microwave during the present invention propagates and the information ratio of phase place are easier to obtain;
(3) the present invention does not require the physics contact between probe and tested joint, and surface in contact is not implemented fast detecting;
(4) microwave probe of the present invention can be formed with solid-state devices, not only firmly but also reliable;
(5) the present invention can detect various volume type defectives and the area-type defective in the electric fusion joint effectively, especially can detect effectively such as the such manufacturability defective of cold welding defective, this be other lossless detection method can't realize.
(6) the Microwave Measurement technology is mainly used in the detection to dielectric material, like polymer matrix composites, rubber, pottery, fiberglass etc.At home, do not see the report that relevant microwave technology detects the polyethylene pipe welding joint at present as yet, therefore enforcement of the present invention is expected to fill up the domestic blank in this field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of detection method provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the user mode synoptic diagram of microwave scanister provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the detection principle schematic of detection method provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the microwave scan image of intact sunken polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint.
Fig. 5 is the microwave scan image that contains the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of cold welding defective.
Fig. 6 is the microwave scan image that contains the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of crack defect.
Among the figure, 1 polyethylene pipe; 2 electric fusion joints; 3 microwave probes; 4 feeler levers; 5 mechanical scanners; 6 scanning control systems; 7 signal translating systems; 8 computing machines; 9 transmitters; 10 receiving sensors; 11 defectives.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1-2; The electric fusion joint 2 microwave scanning detection apparatus of polyethylene pipe 1 of the present invention; Comprise: microwave probe 3, mechanical scanner 5, scanning control system 6, signal translating system 7, computing machine 8 etc.; One end of microwave probe 3 is installed on the mechanical scanner 5, and the other end of microwave probe 3 is corresponding with the electric fusion joint 2 of polyethylene pipe 1; Mechanical scanner 5 is installed in polyethylene pipe 1 circumferential outside seized electric fusion joint 2 next doors, and mechanical scanner 5 drives the scanning of microwave probe 3 motion realization; The output terminal of computing machine 8 connects mechanical scanner 5 through cable through scanning control system 6, controls moving of mechanical scanner and microwave probe; The output terminal of microwave probe 3 is through the input end of cable through signal translating system 7 connection computing machines 8, and signal translating system 7 receives voltage signal and the scanning position information that is transmitted by microwave probe 3, and carries out conversion of signals, so that form scan image; Computing machine 8 is realized real time imagery and is utilized software that image is analyzed;
Among the present invention; Microwave probe 3 comprises a microwave emitter 9 and A, two receiving sensors 10 of B; Wherein two receiving sensors are placed side by side; The distance (Fig. 3) of 1/4 microwave wavelength of being separated by produces an interference pattern respectively during work, the differential information of two interference patterns forms scan image through signal translating system input computing machine.
Among the present invention; Mechanical scanner 5 comprise linear stepping motor and by linear stepping motor drive can reciprocating feeler lever 4; Microwave probe 3 is fixed on an end of feeler lever 4, makes the microwave probe 3 can be along the outside surface reciprocating (Fig. 2) of the electric fusion joint 2 of polyethylene pipe 1.
Among the present invention, signal translating system 7 is made up of position transducer, signal amplifier and digital-to-analog signal converter, and microwave probe 3 is electrically connected with position transducer, and the voltage signal output end of microwave probe 3 is connected with signal amplifier, and voltage signal is amplified; The output terminal of position transducer and signal amplifier is connected with digital-to-analog signal converter, and the output terminal of digital-to-analog signal converter connects computing machine 8.
At first the ends of tubes insertion with required connection is embedded with in the electric smelting sleeve of resistance wire, and the electric smelting sleeve is closely contacted with the ends of tubes three; Energising then makes the resistance wire heating in the electric melting pipe fittings; Under the heat effect, outer pipe wall face and pipe fitting inner wall face fusion gradually are one, when welding finishes, after joint slowly cools off, form tight firm polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint; When detecting the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint with the microwave scanister; Transmitter 9 in the microwave probe 3 is to electric fusion joint 2 launched microwaves; Microwave is through two receiving sensors 10 (A, B) record baseline wave amplitude, and the penetration joints surface gets into its inside then, and the defective in the material can be regarded as the medium with specific inductive capacity different with material around; When the microwave in advancing ran into defective 11, the variation of specific inductive capacity was reflected microwave.The microwave signal that is reflected and the microwave signal of emission form interference pattern, receive and convert to voltage signal by receiving sensor, through in the input computing machine behind the signal translating system, obtain scan image together with scanning position information.Can obtain the relevant information of defective in the electric fusion joint according to scan image.
Shown in Fig. 1-3, the microwave scanning detection method of polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of the present invention, realize according to the following steps:
(1) microwave probe 3 is positioned a side of the electric fusion joint 2 corresponding circle of sensation outside surfaces of polyethylene pipe 1;
(2) microwave probe 3 carries out continuous sweep along electric fusion joint 2 outside surfaces, but uniform speed scanning, also variable-ratio scanning, sweep velocity is 2-30cm/s, detecting used microwave frequency is 1G-200GHz; When the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint is scanned, without any need for couplant; Microwave probe 3 can carry out contact scanning with electric fusion joint 2 outside surfaces, also can scan near the mode of electric fusion joint 2 outside surfaces.
(3) microwave signal that obtains of microwave probe 3 is through signal translating system 7, carry out conversion of signals after, input computing machine 8 is handled, and forms scan image.
Embodiment 1
Use microwave detecting device provided by the invention that one intact sunken polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint is detected.Elder generation's butt junction outside surface carries out simple process; Make its smooth; Detect according to the step butt junction in the technical scheme provided by the invention then, the microwave frequency of using is 24GHz, adopts uniform speed scanning; Sweep velocity is 20cm/s, and the distance between microwave probe and the joint outside surface is controlled at 2cm; In the present embodiment, the signal of receiving sensor A, B record shows respectively that through the baseline wave amplitude microwave scan image that obtains is seen Fig. 4.The X coordinate is represented axial direction among the figure, and the Y coordinate is represented radial direction.The width of the heat affected zone of this electric fusion joint is approximately 0.25 inch, and midline position is greatly about the Y=2 place.The scan image of this electric fusion joint all compares evenly at whole axial direction, almost not fluctuation.
Use microwave detecting device provided by the invention to one contain the cold welding defective the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint detect.Elder generation's butt junction outside surface carries out simple process; Make its smooth; Detect according to the step butt junction in the technical scheme provided by the invention then, the microwave frequency of using is 24GHz, adopts uniform speed scanning; Sweep velocity is 10cm/s, and the distance between microwave probe and the joint outside surface is controlled at 3cm; In the present embodiment, the signal of receiving sensor A, B record shows respectively that through the baseline wave amplitude when microwave in advancing ran into defective, the variation of specific inductive capacity was reflected microwave.The microwave signal that is reflected and the microwave signal of emission form interference pattern, and the microwave scan image that obtains is seen Fig. 5.With embodiment 1 is reference example, and the heat affected zone fluctuation of this electric fusion joint is apparent in view, and midline position departs from, the discontinuous phenomenon of local appearance.
Use microwave detecting device provided by the invention to one contain crack defect the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint detect.Elder generation's butt junction outside surface carries out simple process; Make its smooth; Detect according to the step butt junction in the technical scheme provided by the invention then, the microwave frequency of using is 24GHz, adopts uniform speed scanning; Sweep velocity is 15cm/s, and the distance between microwave probe and the joint outside surface is controlled at 4cm; In the present embodiment, the signal of receiving sensor A, B record shows respectively that through the baseline wave amplitude when microwave in advancing ran into defective, the variation of specific inductive capacity was reflected microwave.The microwave signal that is reflected and the microwave signal of emission form interference pattern, and the microwave scan image that obtains is seen Fig. 6.With embodiment 1 is reference example, and the heat affected zone of this electric fusion joint is slightly wide, can observe tangible non-continuous event.
Should be understood that these embodiment only are used to explain the present invention, and be not used in restriction scope of the present invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art do various changes or modification to the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within this present invention's limited range equally.
Claims (6)
1. the microwave scanning detection method of a polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint is characterized in that, at first the ends of tubes insertion with required connection is embedded with in the electric smelting sleeve of resistance wire, and the electric smelting sleeve is closely contacted with the ends of tubes three; Energising then makes the resistance wire heating in the electric melting pipe fittings; Under the heat effect, outer pipe wall face and pipe fitting inner wall face fusion gradually are one, when welding finishes, after the joint cooling, form tight firm polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint;
Detect the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint with the microwave scanister; Transmitter in the microwave probe is to tested joint launched microwave; Microwave is through two receiving sensor record baseline wave amplitudes; The penetration joints surface gets into its inside then, and when the microwave in advancing ran into defective, the variation of specific inductive capacity was reflected microwave; The microwave signal that is reflected and the microwave signal of emission interfere; Receive and convert to voltage signal by receiving sensor; In input computing machine behind the scanning position information process signal translating system; Obtain scan image, obtain the relevant information of defective in the electric fusion joint according to scan image;
This microwave scanister comprises: microwave probe, mechanical scanner, scanning control system, signal translating system, computing machine; One end of microwave probe is installed on the mechanical scanner, and the other end of microwave probe is corresponding with the electric fusion joint of polyethylene pipe; Mechanical scanner is installed in the circumferentially outside seized electric fusion joint of polyethylene pipe next door, and the output terminal of computing machine connects mechanical scanner through scanning control system, and the output terminal of microwave probe connects input end and computer through signal translating system; Wherein, microwave probe comprises a microwave emitter and A, two receiving sensors of B, and wherein two receiving sensors are placed side by side, the distance of 1/4 microwave wavelength of being separated by; Mechanical scanner comprise linear stepping motor and by linear stepping motor drive can reciprocating feeler lever, microwave probe is fixed on an end of feeler lever.
2. according to the microwave scanning detection method of the described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of claim 1, it is characterized in that, realize according to the following steps:
(1) microwave probe is positioned a side of the electric fusion joint corresponding circle of sensation outside surface of polyethylene pipe;
(2) microwave probe carries out continuous sweep along the electric fusion joint outside surface, and sweep velocity is 2-30cm/s, and used microwave frequency is 1G-200GHz during detection;
(3) behind the signal process D/A switch of signal translating system that microwave probe obtains, the input computing machine is handled, and forms scan image.
3. according to the microwave scanning detection method of the described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of claim 1, it is characterized in that microwave probe carries out uniform speed scanning or variable speed scanning.
4. according to the microwave scanning detection method of the described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint is scanned, avoid the use of couplant.
5. according to the microwave scanning detection method of the described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of claim 1, it is characterized in that microwave probe and electric fusion joint outside surface carry out contact scanning; Perhaps, adopt microwave probe to scan near the mode of electric fusion joint outside surface.
6. according to the microwave scanning detection method of the described polyethylene pipe electric fusion joint of claim 1, it is characterized in that the distance between microwave probe and the joint outside surface is controlled at 0-5cm.
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| CN112595732B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-03-10 | 西安邮电大学 | Welding spot quality detection method based on ultra-wideband microwave |
| CN114113152A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-01 | 北京西管安通检测技术有限责任公司 | Nondestructive testing system, and method and device for producing pipe |
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Application publication date: 20120404 |