CN102401481A - Solar water heater with power generation function - Google Patents
Solar water heater with power generation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN102401481A CN102401481A CN2010102844374A CN201010284437A CN102401481A CN 102401481 A CN102401481 A CN 102401481A CN 2010102844374 A CN2010102844374 A CN 2010102844374A CN 201010284437 A CN201010284437 A CN 201010284437A CN 102401481 A CN102401481 A CN 102401481A
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- photovoltaic cell
- water heater
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- transparent long
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar water heater with a power generation function, which comprises a solar water heater and a sun tracker, wherein the solar water heater is fixed on the sun tracker. The solar water heater consists of a support, a water tank, transparent long outer tubes, transparent long inner tubes, a heat-superconductive tubes, a photovoltaic cell support and a photovoltaic cell, wherein the transparent long outer tubes and the transparent long inner tubes can be transparent single-layer glass tubes and can also be combinations of transparent glass and metal mixed tubes and transparent glass and plastic mixed tubes, the transparent long inner tubes are filled with any one of common water, softened water, purified water and mixed liquid of water and dibasic alcohol, the heat-superconductive tubes are installed, the photovoltaic cell support is installed outside the inner tubes and the photovoltaic cell is installed on the photovoltaic cell support. By using the transparent long tubes as natural light condensers, the purchase cost of separate condensers is greatly saved, the power generation function of the water heater is realized; and by filling the liquid capable of absorbing infrared light in the transparent long tubes, infrared light cannot irradiate the photovoltaic cell, the problem of efficiency decrease caused by heating of the photovoltaic cell because of light condensation is solved, the power generation efficiency of unit area is improved and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-efficiency and low-cost and obtain the heat of solar energy and the system of electricity, particularly a kind of solar water heater that can generate electricity simultaneously.
Background technology
Because ballooning oil prices, energy shortage seriously restrict the development of World Economics and the raising of living standards of the people.Various countries pay close attention to regenerative resource more, especially the utilization of solar energy.
China's solar energy resources is abundant, and 2/3 area year amount of radiation is greater than 20MJ/ square metre, and sunshine time is more than 2200 hours, and the development and use of solar energy have great potentiality.
At present, the utilization technology of solar energy mainly contains basic modes such as photo-thermal conversion, photovoltaic generation, photochemistry conversion.
Photovoltaic cell capable of generating power can obtain high-grade electric energy product, but its subject matter is lower to the overall utilization ratio of solar energy, and cost is higher.
Photo-thermal conversion main feature is that efficient is high, cost is low, almost can utilize the solar energy all band, but compare with opto-electronic conversion, and its most general low temperature utilizes form can not obtain the high-grade energy product.
And photovoltaic generation combines the integrated technology of low temperature photo-thermal to carry out integrated utilization to solar energy all band energy, both can obtain the high-grade electric energy, will improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of solar energy again greatly.
CN 1975282A discloses a kind of solar energy light gathering thermo-electric union system; This system has solar panel, and the light belt position of solar panel is provided with thermoelectric combined apparatus, and thermoelectric combined apparatus has outer interlayer glass; Vacuum layer; Internal portioning layer glass is connected with silica or aluminium oxide nano fluid in cavity and the chamber, outer interlayer glass below is provided with solar panel ...
Above-mentioned technology adopts independent concentrator and in cavity, is connected with silica or the aluminium oxide nano fluid; Cost is higher, and simultaneously, anti-high wind of this concentrator and desertification dust pollution are poor; The loss of sunshine is big under dust hides, and can't be used to have high wind and the more area of sand and dust.
Existing water heater has solved cost, wind resistance problem preferably, and to the also relatively good removing of dust pollution, but a water heater heat production water cannot obtain high-grade electric energy.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of technique scheme, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-efficiency and low-cost and obtain the heat of solar energy and the electricity generation system of electricity simultaneously, more particularly, be a kind of solar water heater that has electricity generate function cheaply.
The present invention has carried out significant improvement to existing concentrating generating system and water heater; At first be optimized design to the glass tube of existing vacuum tube water heater; Make it to have heat exchange simultaneously, optically focused, control spectral wavelength three big functions; Save the plated film spectroscope of independent concentrator and control spectral wavelength, practiced thrift cost greatly.Simultaneously; Near its combined focal, photovoltaic cell is set; Be used for heat production to sunshine greater than the hot light of 1100nm wavelength, and offer photovoltaic cell capable of generating power, make water heater production high-grade electric energy when producing hot water through the cold light less than 1100nm behind the glass tube.
Above-mentioned device array is installed on the framework of sun tracker control, and device faces the sun all the time, and utilization rate improves more than 30% than conventional water heaters.Owing to realized the full spectrum comprehensive utilization of solar energy optical-thermal and opto-electronic conversion, made to solar energy utilization rate greater than 70%.
In order to reach the object of the invention, take following technical scheme:
A kind of solar water heater with electricity generate function comprises solar water heater and sun tracker, and solar water heater is fixed on the sun tracker.Solar water heater is made up of pipe, super heat-conductive pipe, photovoltaic cell support, photovoltaic cell in support, water tank, transparent long tube outer tube, the transparent long tube; Wherein transparent long tube outer tube and interior pipe can be transparent single-glass pipe, the also combination of clear glass and metal mixed pipe, clear glass and plastics mixing tube; Pipe is perfused with a kind of in the mixing material of light water, demineralized water, pure water or water and dihydroxylic alcohols in the transparent long tube; And super heat-conductive pipe is housed; Interior pipe is outer to be equipped with the photovoltaic cell support, and photovoltaic cell is installed on the photovoltaic cell support.
This patent becomes special sphere or non-spherical lens to the Cross section Design of the transparent long tube of vacuum tube water heater; Make it after perfusion fluid, to have converge sunshine function to replace the concentrator of independent setting; Sunshine is converged on the photovoltaic cell with several times to tens times; Practice thrift the use amount of several times to tens times solar cell, and saved the buying and the maintenance cost of independent concentrator in a large number, realized the electricity generate function of solar water heater simultaneously; Meanwhile; Because pipe has poured into and can absorb the ultrared liquid of 1100-4000nm in the vacuum tube; Make that most of infra-red heat light can't shine on the photovoltaic cell in the sunlight, solved because the technical bottleneck that optically focused makes the photovoltaic cell heating damage or lower efficiency, because the sunshine all band is utilized; Gross efficiency of its electricity and heat is greater than present other thermoelectric linked systems, and reduced cost.
Description of drawings
According to accompanying drawing and embodiment this patent is described further below:
Fig. 1 is a this patent overall structure side view
Among the figure: 1, transparent long tube outer tube; 2, pipe in the transparent long tube; 3, super heat-conductive pipe; 4, photovoltaic cell; 5, vacuum heat-insulation chamber; 6, interior pipe liquid; 7, superconduction liquid; 8, support; 9, base plate; 10, sun tracker; 11, water tank; 12, photovoltaic cell cooling water; 13, photovoltaic cell support;
Fig. 2-1 is designed to the sectional view of oval biconvex lens for pipe in the transparent long tube;
Fig. 2-2 is designed to the sectional view of the uniform meniscus of thickness for pipe in the transparent long tube;
Fig. 2-3 is the sectional view when transparent long tube outer tube symmetry is installed speculum.
Among the figure: 1, transparent long tube outer tube; 2, pipe in the transparent long tube; 3, super heat-conductive pipe; 4, photovoltaic cell; 5, vacuum heat-insulation chamber; 6, interior pipe liquid; 12, photovoltaic cell cooling water; 13, photovoltaic cell support; 14, speculum
The sectional view that Fig. 3 is arranged in parallel for the transparent long tube of this patent;
Fig. 4 becomes 45 ° of angles to arrange for the transparent long tube of this patent with Fig. 3 sectional view;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that the transparent long tube of this patent becomes the word arrangement of falling V.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of solar water heater with electricity generate function; Comprise solar water heater and sun tracker 10; Solar water heater is fixed on the base plate 9, solar water heater by manage 2 in support 8, water tank 11, transparent long tube outer tube 1, the transparent long tube, super heat-conductive pipe 3, photovoltaic cell support 13, photovoltaic cell 4 form, wherein transparent long tube outer tube and interior pipe can be transparent single-glass pipe, the also mixing tube of mixing tube, clear glass and the plastics of clear glass and metal; Suit super heat-conductive pipe 3 in the pipe 2 in the transparent long tube; The outer wall of pipe 2 is equipped with photovoltaic cell support 13 outward in the transparent long tube, and photovoltaic cell 4 is installed on the photovoltaic cell support 13, and base plate 9 is equipped with sun tracker 10.
In this example, the arrangement mode of transparent long tube such as Fig. 3.
The cross section of pipe and outer tube can be designed to the spherical lens shape in the transparent long tube, also can be designed to the shape of non-spherical lenses such as parabola, hyperboloid;
In the transparent long tube pipe be filled with to the visible transmission of 400-760nm than greater than 80% (every centimetre), to the infrared light average absorption of 1100-4000nm than liquid 6 greater than 90% (every centimetre);
If this liquid 6 does not recycle, can be demineralized water, pure water, the mixed liquor of water and dihydroxylic alcohols when recycling, can use ordinary tap water, and can save super heat-conductive pipe;
Sunshine is best with 50-80 millimeter effect through the light path of liquid;
Sun tracker 10 drives many transparent long tubes and corresponding many rows photovoltaic cell;
Sun tracker can adopt two dimension from motion tracking, also can adopt the one dimension semiautomatic tracing;
Transparent long tube outer tube 1 can be made the shape that the cross section that has a face at least is a positive lens on the incident of sunlight, exit facet, shorter to the focal length of sunlight when the glass of its focal length and interior pipe adds the combined focal length acting in conjunction of liquid, more compact structure.Cross section of pipe is a kind of of shape such as circle, ellipse, convex-concave, plano-convex, biconvex, trapezoidal, taper, rectangle or its combination in it.This Cross section Design becomes aspheric effects such as parabola, hyperboloid to be superior to sphere;
In order to increase light concentrating times and to reduce weight, can be in the sunlight incident direction of transparent outer tube, two speculums of symmetrical mounting, the angle of the normal of speculum and incident sunlight is the 65-75 degree;
The outer surface of the inner and outer pipes of dual-layer vacuum glass pipe is coated with layer 1-7 optics antireflective anti-reflection film.
Tube section in the transparent long tube is designed to oval biconvex lens, and focal length is shorter, and structure is compact.Long axis of ellipse is 133 in this example, and minor axis is 90.See Fig. 2-1.
Tube section in the transparent long tube is designed to thickness meniscus relatively uniformly, and incident light is more even, is beneficial to and improves cell power generation efficient.4 of male and female face radiuses are respectively 100,105,200,205 in this example, and interior pipe width is 133, sees Fig. 2-2.
Tube-surface installs speculum additional outside transparent long tube, is convenient to collect more sunshine to improve generating efficiency, can reduce the use amount of glass tube and solar cell simultaneously, alleviates overall weight, and increases the hot water temperature, sees Fig. 2-3.
In aluminum alloy frame, the left side is motionless the transparent long-tube device of whole row, and lift on the right side.Make it whole become 45 ° of angles, referring to Fig. 4 with the said arrangement plane of Fig. 3. between the every long tube certain distance is arranged, make sunshine, can not blocked and all shine on the transparent long tube, had only for afternoon one little short time blocked from coming out of retirement and taking up an official post high noon.
Also can adopt the center with aluminum alloy frame is axle; Several seconds are rotated 90 ° to aluminum alloy frame with motor in afternoon cost in manual work perhaps; Then sunshine from high noon to setting; Also can not blocked and all shone on the pipe, save and accounted for totle drilling cost about 40%, in order to driving the large-scale sun tracker of integral Al-alloy frame tracks sunlight.
In this example, only need at the middle part of every pipe or the miniature tracker of a mechanical clock structure of an end device drives the photovoltaic cell support and slowly rotate, the light belt after guaranteeing to focus on through transparent long tube drops on the photovoltaic cell just all the time.Because the photovoltaic cell support is very light, the energy that miniature tracker consumes just seldom, cost is also very low.
In reverse V-shaped aluminum alloy frame, between the every long tube certain distance is arranged to transparent long-tube device, make sunshine, can not blocked on the transparent long tube that all shines the left side from coming out of retirement and taking up an official post high noon.From the high noon to the sun, set, also can not blocked on the transparent long tube that all shines the right side, this structure can be saved equally and account for totle drilling cost about 40%, in order to drive the large-scale sun tracker of integral Al-alloy frame tracks sunlight.
In this example, also need at the middle part of every pipe or the miniature tracker of a mechanical clock structure of an end device drives the photovoltaic cell support and slowly rotate, the light belt after guaranteeing to focus on through transparent long tube drops on the photovoltaic cell just all the time.Because the photovoltaic cell support is very light, the energy that miniature tracker consumes just seldom, cost is also very low.
Batch quantity of the present invention is built up solar energy concentration generating factory and heat supply factory in solar energy housing; Can adopt a sun tracker to drive several or tens water heaters; And can save transparent long tube outer tube and pipe in only keeping, make cost further reduce and reduce the reflection loss of incident sunshine.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is provided with photovoltaic cell below the conventional solar boilers transparent tube, makes water heater production high-grade electric energy when producing hot water.
2, the present invention is used for heat production to the solar spectrum medium wavelength greater than the hot light of 1100nm, and wavelength offers photovoltaic cell capable of generating power less than the cold light of 1100nm, makes solar energy to 300-4000nm obtain all band and utilizes to greatest extent.
3, the present invention is optimized design to the cross sectional shape of conventional solar boilers transparent tube; Make sunlight through pooling afterwards the wire light belt equably; Practice thrift solar cell more than 80%; Save the multilayer-coated beamsplitter that conventional solar energy concentration generating comprises essential concentrator of co-generation unit and control spectral wavelength simultaneously, greatly reduce cost.
4, the present invention utilizes in the liquid-absorbent solar spectrum in the transparent tube the hot light greater than the 1100nm wavelength; Not only can be used for producing hot water; And this part infra-red heat light has arrived not the solar cell surface; Can not cause the solar cell temperature rise, solve solar cell because the difficult problem that the temperature rise conversion efficiency descends is killed two birds with one stone.
5, the present invention has installed the sun tracker control on water heater, and the sunlight utilization rate improves 30%.
6, the present invention replaces conventional silver-plated, the concentrator of aluminizing with the hard transparent pipe, and the life-span is longer, also can not hide because of dust and sand to make heat production electrogenesis efficient sharply descend.
7, water heater transparent tube of the present invention has concentrator, photothermal converter, solar cell cooler three big functions simultaneously, and structure is simpler, and cost is cheaper.
8, the present invention improves the revolutionary character of conventional solar boilers and cogeneration of heat and power concentrating generating system, and huge numbers of families are come in the high-efficiency and low-cost utilization that makes solar energy, and energy shortage and serious improves human environment.
Person skilled in the art should be familiar with; The above embodiment is used for explaining the object of the invention; And be not with opposing qualification of the present invention; As long as in essential scope of the present invention, variation, modification that the foregoing description is done all will drop in the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the solar water heater with electricity generate function comprises solar water heater and sun tracker, and solar water heater is fixed on the sun tracker; Solar water heater is made up of pipe, super heat-conductive pipe, photovoltaic cell support, photovoltaic cell in support, water tank, transparent long tube outer tube, the transparent long tube; The outer photovoltaic cell support that is equipped with of interior pipe; Photovoltaic cell is installed on the photovoltaic cell support; It is characterized in that: transparent long tube optimal design becomes to have simultaneously the sunlight of converging, beam split filter heat, photo-thermal translation function, on the optically focused light belt position in transparent long tube outside the pipe photovoltaic cell is installed.
2. a kind of solar water heater with electricity generate function according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sunlight incident direction of transparent long tube both sides is provided with two speculums.
3. according to claim 1,2 described a kind of solar water heaters with electricity generate function; It is characterized in that; The material of described two speculums that on the sunlight incident direction of transparent long tube both sides, are provided with is mirror metal plates; Aluminium foil is coated with aluminium, silver and adds the glass plate of protective layer, is coated with aluminium, silver and adds a kind of in the macromolecular material of protective layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102844374A CN102401481A (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Solar water heater with power generation function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102844374A CN102401481A (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Solar water heater with power generation function |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102401481A true CN102401481A (en) | 2012-04-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010102844374A Pending CN102401481A (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Solar water heater with power generation function |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109140799A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of solar water heater based on Fresnel line light and heat collection |
| CN114215285A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-03-22 | 杨明 | Low-energy-consumption green building |
-
2010
- 2010-09-17 CN CN2010102844374A patent/CN102401481A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109140799A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of solar water heater based on Fresnel line light and heat collection |
| CN114215285A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-03-22 | 杨明 | Low-energy-consumption green building |
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Application publication date: 20120404 |