CN102393971A - Seamless linkage method of highway three-dimensional model database and digital elevation model database - Google Patents
Seamless linkage method of highway three-dimensional model database and digital elevation model database Download PDFInfo
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- CN102393971A CN102393971A CN2011101894135A CN201110189413A CN102393971A CN 102393971 A CN102393971 A CN 102393971A CN 2011101894135 A CN2011101894135 A CN 2011101894135A CN 201110189413 A CN201110189413 A CN 201110189413A CN 102393971 A CN102393971 A CN 102393971A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seamless linkage method of a highway three-dimensional model database and a digital elevation model database, relates to a method for matching the highway three-dimensional model and the digital elevation model database, is used for solving the problem that the highway three-dimensional visualization technique is only three-dimensional visualization of a highway model and difficulty calculates that soil excavation or filling operation is carried out on the earth surface, and is used for guiding construction. The method comprises the steps of: extracting elevation coordinates of each point in a specific point extraction mode according to the highway three-dimensional model database to build a digital matrix; building a digital matrix of the elevation coordinates of each point according to the digital elevation model database of a highway roadbed earth surface, wherein the elevation coordinates with the same horizontal coordinates in the two digital matrixes are mapped one to one; and correcting the elevation coordinates in the digital elevation model database of the highway roadbed earth surface with the elevation coordinates corresponding to the digital matrix in the highway three-dimensional model database as a reference, and building a data sheet of differences of elevation coordinates of all points between the highway three-dimensional model database and the digital elevation model database.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that highway three-dimensional model and digital elevation model database are complementary.
Background technology
The highway three-dimensional visualization technique can combine the design data of flat, vertical, horizontal three-dimensional, generates the three-dimensional scenic of road, and this has very important meaning for improving designing quality.But the Traditional Road three-dimensional visualization technique is the three-dimensional visualization of road model; Therefore effect after the workmen is difficult to imagine the design proposal that road and actual surface combines is difficult to calculate according to road model and is cut the earth in the face of land or banket operation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse and digital elevation model database seamless link method; To solve the Traditional Road three-dimensional visualization technique is the three-dimensional visualization of road model; Therefore effect after the workmen is difficult to imagine the design proposal that road and actual surface combines is difficult to calculate according to cut the earth or banket in the face of land problem of operation of road model.It comprises the steps: one, according to the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse of having set up, the point on the highway pavement is extracted the elevation coordinate a little of getting according to necessarily getting point mode, set up character matrix; Two, according to the digital elevation model database on the highway subgrade face of land set up; According to get the character matrix that point mode set up each point height coordinate identical, and the character matrix of step 2 is shone upon one by one to the point on the highway subgrade face of land about identical its elevation coordinate of point of horizontal coordinate with the character matrix of step 1 with step 1; Three, be benchmark with the pairing elevation coordinate of character matrix in the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse; Elevation coordinate in the digital elevation model database on the pointwise modification highway subgrade face of land, simultaneously highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse and digital elevation model database between the two the elevation coordinate difference of pointwise set up tables of data.
Domestic and international most of three-dimensional visualization method for designing is after making road model under the AutoCAD environment, utilizes suitable three-dimensional to make software again, is specifying under the browse path situation, plays up paintedly, processes animation.Therefore in the displaying live view process; Through with being connected of landform attribute database; Carry out the dynamic interaction inquiry; Just can be implemented in that the applying virtual reality technology improves designing quality in the highway layout process, therefore realize that modeling of highway three-dimensional model and digital elevation model seamless link have significance.
Owing to become the digital elevation model database pointwise modification on the highway subgrade face of land among the present invention the altitude figures in highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse, therefore realized the seamless link of the two data.The constructor can use the data form that step 3 obtains in addition, calculates the numerical value that cut the earth and banket and cut the earth and banket the face of land, has solved the problem that prior art exists.The present invention has following technique effect:
1, road seamless link method is the basis of realizing the road three-Dimension Terrain Visualization, through road seamless link method, not only can in 3DSMAX, play up painted; Be made into the road landscape animation; And can set up road and look relevant multi-resolution grid model, realize the dynamic real-time perspective of road landscape, be used for estimating 3 D stereo linear and and surrounding terrain; The mated condition of view is so that do necessary modifications and adjustment to linear design.
2, road seamless link method is combined with GIS-Geographic Information System, can realize the inquiry of road landform three dimensions attribute information, be the highway layout service.
3, can draw a contour line by the seamless link method, can analyze the draining situation on road surface, so that be the subgrade drainage design services according to the design surface level line.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: this embodiment comprises the steps: one, according to the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse of having set up, and the point on the highway pavement is extracted the elevation coordinate a little of getting according to necessarily getting point mode, sets up character matrix; Two, according to the digital elevation model database on the highway subgrade face of land set up; According to get the character matrix that point mode set up each point height coordinate identical, and the character matrix of step 2 is shone upon one by one to the point on the highway subgrade face of land about identical its elevation coordinate of point of horizontal coordinate with the character matrix of step 1 with step 1; Three, be benchmark with the pairing elevation coordinate of character matrix in the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse; Elevation coordinate in the digital elevation model database on the pointwise modification highway subgrade face of land, simultaneously highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse and digital elevation model database between the two the elevation coordinate difference of pointwise set up tables of data.For not being that point in the character matrix adopts and to get the method that point-to-point transmission average carries out interpolation and revise the elevation coordinate and calculate elevation coordinate difference on the highway subgrade face of land.
This method is on the basis of previous work, adopts CDT (Constrained DelaunayTriangulation, the constraint Di Luoni triangulation network) theory to set up road and landform seamless link method, and changes into grid model and carry out three-dimensional seamless link.
1, the construction method of road model
The structure of road model is based on idea: after road built up, ground was originally replaced by the road surface that builds up, and from this viewed road surface, it is actually the part on ground.So, can set up road model with the method for generally setting up terrain model.
(1) preparation of data
The polygon of the sealing that the road model surface can be made up of road axis, road foundation edge line, road slope line is formed.When expressing these on surperficial line of road model as characteristic curve.After the flat, vertical, horizontal design that finishes road, the three-dimensional coordinate of these characteristic curves of section distance calculation that can be as required is generally 20 meters sections, also can encrypt as required.Carry out record to the gained three-dimensional coordinate according to the place characteristic curve along the route working direction.
(2) data management and tissue
This method has adopted the exclusive File mapping technology of Windows in dem data Organization And Management.Use this mapping techniques, reached the best of breed state of dem data on space-time.Simultaneously, on based on 32 machine, accessible data volume is 180X108GB, obtains the fastest geometrical queries and processing speed with minimum system resource.
The File mapping step is following:
1. call the CreateFile function and open the file that will shine upon; Call the CreateFileMapping function, the handle that the CreateFile function returns before wherein requiring to import into, this function generates one memory-mapped object on the file object basis of CreateFile function creation;
2. the zone or the whole file that call the whole file of MapViewOfFile Function Mapping are to internal memory.This function returns the pointer that points to first byte that is mapped to internal memory; Come reading and writing of files with this pointer;
3. call the UnmapViewOtFile function and remove File mapping;
4. call the CloseHandle function and close Memory Mapping File and its.Attention must be imported the handle of Memory Mapping File and its into;
5. call the CloseHmldle function and come close file.Attention must be imported the ten days handle by the file of CreateFile function creation into.
2, the method for road seamless link
The difficult point of accomplishing seamless link is: in the design surface zone, have ground figurate number pick point.When carrying out seamless link, the topographical data points that is in the design surface zone cannot be participated in network forming.The design surface zone is the irregular area of a plurality of complicacies.According to the highway section segmentation, set up the model of entire road again through splicing, the purpose of piecemeal is to utilize pointwise to insert when carrying out the road seamless link like this, and the topographic(al) point that drops in the road area can be judged and reject away fast.
1) foundation of the digital elevation model database on the highway subgrade face of land
Consider the restrictive condition on banded terrain feature and road surface; TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network selects in system; TIN) expresses landform, express except all ground object model of point-like atural object (like street lamp etc.) so long as could obtain correct expression effect when the 3-D display a part that becomes in the relief block in the relief block with crossing all should being embedded in of relief block or one deck for three-dimensional highway.Therefore, road surface and structure thereof must be embedded in the relief block, should replace the triangle that belongs to this scope in the relief block with road model and make ground model and road model seamlessly integrate.Concrete thinking is: set up relief block earlier and then the peripheral outline line of design data is put forward, a peripheral outline line is formed a plane polygon, and this polygon is carried out interpolation processing by binding side to TIN, and the triangle in this polygon is rejected.
2) foundation in highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse
The structure thought of road model: after road built up, ground was originally replaced by the road surface that builds up, and from this viewed road surface, it is actually the part on ground, so can set up road model with the method for generally setting up terrain model.
The road model surface can be made up of the closed polygon that road axis, road foundation edge line, road leg wire of slope are formed.Certainly, also can add road median strip line, curb edge line, road slope slope ditch line etc. for finer expression lane specific.The author expresses the surperficial lines of road model to these as characteristic curve.After the flat, vertical, horizontal design that finishes road; Get final product the three-dimensional coordinate of these characteristic curves of section distance calculation as required; Be generally a section, also can encrypt as required, carry out record to the gained three-dimensional coordinate according to the place characteristic curve along the route working direction.This paper sets up road model and adopts the pointwise insertion algorithm.
The center line of present technique definition road, shoulder line, the sloping ditch line in top, side slope slope are the terrain feature line, so just can be with respect to the true form of road surface when setting up triangle.
Vertical, transversal section data that the highway design data mainly contains; Vertical section is road axis in fact; Generally represent with the mileage pile No., mainly comprise pile No., three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, Z) and position angle (A) cross-sectional design data comprise pile No., offset distance, elevation and coding etc.The type of coding key point such as roadside, ditch, side slope etc. can be confirmed the annexation put between the adjacent section through coding, and the left side and the right are distinguished with odd or even number.According to vertical and horizontal section information, the three-dimensional coordinate that can obtain each point on all transversal section deposits apex coordinate array computing formula in order in and is:
x＝x
0+d·cos?A·y＝y
0+d·sin?A
X in the formula
0, y
0Be center line pile No. point coordinate, A is the position angle, transversal section.
Basic step is following:
1. set up road model;
2. extract the road model border, and produce the border file.；
3. import topographic(al) point, read the border file, pointwise judges whether topographic(al) point drops in the road model zone, if not, then join in the model, and presses the Delaunay rule generation triangulation network.If drop in the road model zone;
4. set up road model;
3) foundation of road affiliated facility three-dimensional model
Three-dimensional model is divided three classes: 1. have unchangeability and the Facing material of geometric shape, the similarity of texture, have important shape and position feature, like street lamp etc.; 2. have randomness and the Facing material of geometric shape, the similarity of texture; Size and position feature are arranged; Through these targets of texture image performance,, has the randomness that geometric shape and Facing material, texture are represented like trees etc.; Can pass through these objects of particular random functional simulation, like waterfall etc.This class model is general to be built up in tool software 3DMAX earlier, derives the file of 3DS form then.Model is in oneself independently in the coordinate system, will plan true origin again after modeling finishes, and the coordinate figure of being had a few on the model all should be the basis with this true origin.In application process, model just is equivalent to the position of true origin on TIN of model in the position on the TIN.In addition, convergent-divergent and the rotation of model in scene also is the basis with this true origin.
Embodiment two: this embodiment comprises the steps: one, according to the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse of having set up, and the point on the highway pavement is extracted the elevation coordinate of each point line by line and by row, sets up character matrix; Two, according to the digital elevation model database on the highway subgrade face of land set up; To the point on the highway subgrade face of land with line by line and by row get the character matrix that point mode is set up each point height coordinate, and the character matrix of step 2 is shone upon one by one about identical its elevation coordinate of point of horizontal coordinate with the character matrix of step 1; Three, be benchmark with the pairing elevation coordinate of character matrix in the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse; Elevation coordinate in the digital elevation model database on the pointwise modification highway subgrade face of land, simultaneously highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse and digital elevation model database between the two the elevation coordinate difference of pointwise set up tables of data.
Claims (3)
1. highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse and digital elevation model database seamless link method; It is characterized in that it comprise the steps: one, according to the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse of having set up; Point on the highway pavement is extracted the elevation coordinate a little of getting according to necessarily getting point mode, set up character matrix; Two, according to the digital elevation model database on the highway subgrade face of land set up; According to get the character matrix that point mode set up each point height coordinate identical, and the character matrix of step 2 is shone upon one by one to the point on the highway subgrade face of land about identical its elevation coordinate of point of horizontal coordinate with the character matrix of step 1 with step 1; Three, be benchmark with the pairing elevation coordinate of character matrix in the highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse; Elevation coordinate in the digital elevation model database on the pointwise modification highway subgrade face of land, simultaneously highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse and digital elevation model database between the two the elevation coordinate difference of pointwise set up tables of data.
2. highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse according to claim 1 and digital elevation model database seamless link method is characterized in that the point mode of getting that step 1 adopts is the TIN mode.
3. highway three-dimensional modeling data storehouse according to claim 1 and digital elevation model database seamless link method, the point mode of getting that it is characterized in that step 1 adopts is line by line and by the point mode of getting of row in the rectangular array.
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| CN102903238A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-01-30 | 北京中电华远科技有限公司 | Road traffic condition displaying system and method thereof |
| CN104766366A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 东北林业大学 | Method for establishing three-dimensional virtual reality demonstration |
| CN105279792A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-01-27 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Railway roadbed draining BIM design method based on curved surface of landform |
| CN107490368A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-19 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | A kind of side slope setting-out system and method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102903238A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-01-30 | 北京中电华远科技有限公司 | Road traffic condition displaying system and method thereof |
| CN104766366A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 东北林业大学 | Method for establishing three-dimensional virtual reality demonstration |
| CN104766366B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2019-02-19 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of method for building up of three-dimension virtual reality demonstration |
| CN105279792A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-01-27 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Railway roadbed draining BIM design method based on curved surface of landform |
| CN105279792B (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-12-15 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Railway bed draining BIM design methods based on terrain surface |
| CN107490368A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-19 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | A kind of side slope setting-out system and method |
| CN107490368B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2020-06-12 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | Slope lofting system and method |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |