CN102393682B - Network type monitoring equipment and monitoring method for cold-chain logistics cargo compartments - Google Patents
Network type monitoring equipment and monitoring method for cold-chain logistics cargo compartments Download PDFInfo
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- CN102393682B CN102393682B CN2011102093651A CN201110209365A CN102393682B CN 102393682 B CN102393682 B CN 102393682B CN 2011102093651 A CN2011102093651 A CN 2011102093651A CN 201110209365 A CN201110209365 A CN 201110209365A CN 102393682 B CN102393682 B CN 102393682B
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of network monitoring, and provides network type monitoring equipment and a monitoring method for cold-chain logistics cargo compartments. The invention uses a short-distance ad hoc network wireless communication technique, so that collectors can be flexibly started according to monitoring requirements, the positions of the collectors can be flexibly moved/the number of the collectors can be flexibly reduced according to the monitoring requirements, the compartment environment and loading and unloading processes during cold-chain transportation can be monitored in the whole process, and the effectiveness and practicability of the monitoring are enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Network Monitoring Technology field, particularly a kind of network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container and method for supervising.
Background technology
China accounts for 20% more than of food production total value because the waste that abandons rotten food and cause reaches 70,000,000,000 yuans every year.Some food in the middle of transportation because being dropped by long-period freshness preserving.The expert claims this wasting phenomenon mainly to cause owing to lacking " cold chain transportation " system.In fresh and alive Perishable Freight Transport, really because of in the way, treatment or vehicle discomfort cause death, wherein great majority are all because due to occuring to rot except the minority part.
Cold chain transportation process must rely on the special-purpose vehicles such as freezing or refrigeration to carry out, freezing or refrigeration special-purpose vehicle must additionally arrange freezing or refrigeration and heat-preserving equipment onboard, and will to pay special attention in transportation must be continuous refrigeration, because microbial activities and respiration are all strengthened along with the rising of temperature, if in transportation, each link can not guarantee the condition of refrigeration continuously, goods just might putresce rotten in this link so.And being subjected to human factor, electric apparatus mounted on vehicle failure and other reasons, " the many temperature of cold chain " phenomenon frequently occurs in cold chain transportation, has had a strong impact on goods freshness and the quality in the Cold Chain Logistics.And the loading-unloading vehicle process of cold chain transportation also must strict control time and handling ring environmental temperature and humidity.So, from this angle, want to improve the cargo mass of current cold chain transportation, must be to cold chain transportation overall process add-on third party monitoring of tools, thus the monitoring and the supervision that improve cold chain transportation.
Current special also relatively less for third party's watch-dog of cold chain transportation.How the watch-dog of loading operation is only the monitoring of transport vehicle driving path and position at present.Part is only also single-point acquiring humiture information to the temperature humidity monitoring of cold chain transportation car loading space, can not accurately reflect integrated environment in the compartment.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
For above-mentioned shortcoming, the present invention provides a kind of network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container and method for supervising in order to solve the problem that can not accurately monitor cold-chain logistics freight container in prior art.Based on Wireless Ad Hoc Networks and the mobile 3G communication technology, the vehicle environment in cold chain transportation and loading-unloading vehicle process are carried out complete monitoring, strengthened validity and the practicality of monitoring.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention specifically adopts following scheme to carry out:
A kind of network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container, described watch-dog comprise the vehicle-mounted control terminal and carry out mutual aerial temperature and humidity collector, loading space video collector and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device with described vehicle-mounted control terminal by short range links;
Wherein, include the wireless transmit/receive units of a MANET in described vehicle monitor terminal and each collector, the first wireless transmit/receive units MANET in the wireless transmit/receive units in each collector and described vehicle monitor terminal also sends to described vehicle monitor terminal by the described short range links set up with the information of each collector collection.
Preferably, the described vehicle monitor terminal global location unit, wide area network wireless communication unit and the power conversion unit that also comprise control module and controlled by described control module; Wherein, described the first wireless transmit/receive units, global location unit is connected serial ports and is connected with described control module with the wide area network wireless communication unit, described power conversion unit carries out the power supply conversion and provides power supply for described the first wireless transmit/receive units, global location unit and wide area network wireless communication unit under the control of described control module.
Preferably, described aerial temperature and humidity collector specifically comprises: aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit, the second wireless transmit/receive units, the first microcontroller and the first battery management unit.
Preferably, described loading space video acquisition implement body comprises: the data transmission unit of the 3rd wireless transmit/receive units, the second microcontroller, the second battery management unit, video camera and movement-based 3G network.
Preferably, described goods-carriage-door state acquisition implement body comprises: the 4th wireless transmit/receive units, the 3rd microcontroller, the 3rd battery management unit and 2 supersonic sounding unit; Described 2 supersonic sounding cellular installations in loading space apart from the loading space top of railway carriage or compartment door certain distance.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of network-type cold-chain logistics freight container method for supervising simultaneously, and described method comprises step:
At a plurality of collectors of the inner distributing installation of loading space, described a plurality of collectors form inherent interaction relation, realize the monitoring to the variation of loading space aerial temperature and humidity, goods-carriage-door Open-closure state and handling goods process;
Utilize short distance MANET communication to carry out networking and data interaction between each collector and vehicle-mounted control terminal;
The vehicle-mounted control terminal reads the positional information of vehicle by the global location unit, and sends to the logistics monitoring center after it is packed together with the data of collector collection.
Preferably, during work, each collector switches on power as required, complete self start initialization and complete MANET with the vehicle-mounted control terminal after, gather corresponding data and send to the vehicle-mounted control terminal; Can cut off the electricity supply as required subsequently and enter dormant state to save battery electric power; Again be waken up data acquisition and the transmission of carrying out again after through certain sampling or sense cycle.
Preferably, the specific works mode of aerial temperature and humidity collector is:
Complete self start initialization and complete networking with the vehicle-mounted control terminal after, the aerial temperature and humidity collector gathers environment temperature and relative air humidity numerical value and sends to the vehicle-mounted control terminal, simultaneously described numerical value is deposited in the working storage of the first microcontroller, then the first microcontroller and aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit enter dormant state, and the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply is cut off;
After a sampling period, the first microcontroller is waken up, and aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit power connection gathers environment temperature and relative air humidity numerical value again, and compares with upper secondary data; If numerical difference between is less than some setting thresholds, the first microcontroller enters dormancy again; If greater than some setting thresholds, connect the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply, send the numerical value that again gathers to the vehicle-mounted control terminal, and deposit up-to-date numerical value in working storage; After confirming that the vehicle-mounted control terminal is received numerical value, again cut off the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply, and control the first microcontroller and the aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit enters dormant state.
Preferably, vehicle-mounted control terminal and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device and loading space video collector is alternately:
When the vehicle-mounted control terminal detects car speed and is zero, vehicle-mounted control terminal control loading space video collector is connected the data transmission unit power supply of movement-based 3G network, and to goods-carriage-door state acquisition device sending controling instruction, improve the detection frequency of goods-carriage-door state acquisition device;
When goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detected goods-carriage-door and is in opening, goods-carriage-door state acquisition device sent information to the vehicle-mounted control terminal;
Receiving when the vehicle-mounted control terminal goods-carriage-door that goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detects by after closing the information that becomes unlatching, controls the loading space video collector and connects the video camera electromechanical source;
When the vehicle-mounted control terminal detects car speed greater than 10km/h, and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detects goods-carriage-door and is become when cutting out by unlatching, sending controling instruction is closed data transmission unit power supply and the video camera electromechanical source of the movement-based 3G network of loading space video collector, and reduces the detection frequency of goods-carriage-door state acquisition device opposite house state.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention utilizes short distance MANET wireless communication technology, make collector to start flexibly according to monitoring requirements, and can be according to the monitoring flexible shift position of needs or increase/minimizing quantity, and can carry out complete monitoring to the vehicle environment in cold chain transportation and loading-unloading vehicle process, strengthen validity and the practicality of monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container disclosed by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention done following explanation:
As shown in Figure 1, network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container in the present invention mainly is comprised of vehicle-mounted control terminal and a plurality of collector, the vehicle-mounted control terminal is by the vehicle accumulator power taking, each collector utilizes short distance MANET communication to carry out networking and data interaction by rechargeable battery powered between each collector and vehicle-mounted control terminal.
Each collector distributing installation is inner at loading space, and forms inherent interaction relation, realizes the monitoring to the variation of loading space aerial temperature and humidity, goods-carriage-door Open-closure state and handling goods process; The vehicle-mounted control terminal reads the positional information of vehicle by the global location unit, and sends to the logistics monitoring center after it is packed together with the data of collector collection.
Wherein, the vehicle-mounted control terminal is comprised of global location unit, wide area network wireless communication unit, the first wireless transmit/receive units, control module, power conversion unit.
Main integrated GPS module in the global location unit, the GPS module preferably adopts SkylabGB10, its basic parameter is: operating frequency L1 (1575.42MHz), reception signal 12 radio frequency channels of C/A code, sensitivity-152dBm, operating voltage direct current 3.3-5V, the communications protocol of NMEA-0183/UBP.Adopt serial mode to be connected between the microprocessor of global location unit and control module.
GPRS module that the wide area network wireless communication unit is mainly integrated, the GPRS module preferably adopts BENQ M23, has 900/1800/1900MHZ three frequency range working methods, the emissive power of 2W, operating voltage 3.3V-4.2V.Also adopt serial mode to be connected between the microprocessor of wide area network wireless communication unit and control module.
The main integrated CC1000 chip of the first wireless transmit/receive units, this chip operation is at the 433MHz frequency band, and maximum data transfer rate is 76.8kbps, adopts external passive 14.7456MHz crystal oscillator to drive.CC1000 is connected with PD4, PD6, the PD7 pin of the microprocessor of control module by PCLK, PDATA, PALE 3-line serial interface, realizes the read-write to 36 8 configuration registers in CC1000 inside, thereby completes the initial configuration to the CC1000 chip; Be connected with PB2/PB3, the PB1 of microprocessor the exchanges data that realizes CC1000 and microprocessor by SPI MISO, SPI SCK; The RSSI of CC1000 is connected with 61 pins of microprocessor, is used for transmitting spacing wave intensity; CHP_OUT is connected with 45 pin of microprocessor, is used for realizing that microprocessor is to the monitoring of PLL LOCK signal.
Control module is microprocessor, as the core of control and management, preferably adopts master controller ATmega128L to realize.The specific implementation of this optimal way is as follows: 23,24 pins of ATmega128L connect the passive crystal oscillator of 7.3728MHz, and 18,19 pins connect the passive crystal oscillator of 32KHz; 46,54 pins coordinate, and realize the measurement of cell voltage by voltage stabilizing chip LM4041-1.2; 27,28,30,48 pin are connected with FLASH storage chip AT45DB041, as extended memory, and the data of the configuration parameter of memory node equipment or the transmission of the sensor interface unit in operational process; 49,50,51 connect respectively 3 not homochromy LED light, be used for realizing the demonstration directly perceived to the node device duty: the vehicle-mounted repeater gps signal of red LED flicker expression is effective, the vehicle-mounted repeater GPRS link of green LED flicker expression is normal, and the vehicle-mounted repeater of yellow flashing led and collector are carrying out data interaction.47 pins of microprocessor also are connected with sequence number generating chip DS2401P, thereby the identification number ID that has realized easily node device distributes; 54,55,56,57,20 are connected with the 10-pin plug by pull-up resistor, as outside JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) interface, be used for node device inside programming, program download etc., realize the programming to the inner FLASH storer of master controller ATmega128L, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memo) EEPROM, fuse bit and encrypted bits.
Power conversion unit preferably mainly is comprised of regulator LM2596 chip and 2 voltage stabilizer MCP1727; LM2596 realizes that 12V voltage is to the conversion of 5V; First MCP1727 chip realizes that 5V changes to 3.0V; Second MCP1727 chip realized 5V to the 4.2V conversion, and the Enable Pin of MCP1727 is connected with microprocessor, so that when M23GPRS module, GPS module or CC1000 communication unit are abnormal, realization is cut off the power supply and restarted.The 5V power supply is mainly the GPS module power supply is provided, and the 4.2V power supply is mainly the GPRS module power supply is provided, and 3V is mainly microcontroller and CC1000 element circuit etc. power supply is provided.
A plurality of collectors are specifically aerial temperature and humidity collector, goods-carriage-door state acquisition device, loading space video collector etc.
Wherein the aerial temperature and humidity collector comprises air themperature sensing unit, the first microcontroller, the second wireless transmit/receive units and the first battery management unit.The aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit preferably adopts SHT11 single-chip sensor, to contain the humiture compound sensor of calibrating digital signal output, supply voltage is 2.4-5.5V, and the aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit is connected by common three lines with first microprocessor, with class I
2The C mode communicates, and in addition, the aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit can be built-in sensors.
The loading space video collector comprises video camera, the wireless video transmission unit based on 3G, the second microcontroller, the 3rd wireless transmit/receive units and the second battery management unit.Video camera and based on the wireless video transmission unit of 3G adopting sea, Shenzhen core prestige to look the HX7005GW WCDMA type web camera of Science and Technology Ltd. wherein; The network shooting electromechanical source can carry out switch by the second microcontroller and control.
Goods-carriage-door state acquisition device comprises 2 ultrasonic ranging unit, the 3rd microcontroller, the 4th wireless transmit/receive units and the 3rd battery management unit.Wherein the ultrasonic ranging unit selects the URM04 V2.0 design of ultrasonic distance measuring module of Beijing Science and Technology Ltd. of the many robots of all remittances of dragon to complete, and module is connected with microprocessor by the RS232 interface, and directly output is apart from digital quantity.Minimum measuring distance 4cm, maximum measuring distance 500cm.When mounted, 2 range finder modules are arranged on respectively loading space inner distance railway carriage or compartment door distance greater than 4cm loading space top far away.
The first to the 3rd battery management unit is preferably the lithium battery administrative unit, and described lithium battery administrative unit preferably adopts CN3052 charging management chip, CR6002 Li battery protection IC and PT1301 boost chip, AMS1117 voltage transitions chip.
Network type monitoring equipment for cold-chain logistics freight container of the present invention is in when work, and each collector switches on power as required, complete self start initialization and complete MANET with the vehicle-mounted control terminal after, gather corresponding data and send to the vehicle-mounted control terminal; Can cut off the electricity supply as required subsequently and enter dormant state to save battery electric power; Again be waken up data acquisition and the transmission of carrying out again after through certain sampling or sense cycle.Wherein, sampling or detection frequency can arrange and adjust with demand as the case may be.
Particularly, the working method of described aerial temperature and humidity collector is:
Complete self start initialization and complete networking with the vehicle-mounted control terminal after, gather environment temperature and relative air humidity numerical value and send to the vehicle-mounted control terminal, simultaneously described numerical value is deposited in the working storage of the first microcontroller, then the first microcontroller and aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit enter dormant state, and the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply is cut off;
After a sampling period, the first microcontroller is waken up, and aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit power connection gathers environment temperature and relative air humidity numerical value again, and compares with upper secondary data; If numerical difference between is less than some setting thresholds, the first microcontroller enters dormancy again; If greater than some setting thresholds, connect the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply, send the numerical value that again gathers to the vehicle-mounted control terminal, and deposit up-to-date numerical value in working storage; After confirming that the vehicle-mounted control terminal is received numerical value, again cut off the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply, and control the first microcontroller and the aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit enters dormant state.
And described vehicle-mounted control terminal and described goods-carriage-door state acquisition device and described loading space video collector is alternately:
When the vehicle-mounted control terminal detects car speed and is zero, vehicle-mounted control terminal control loading space video collector is connected the data transmission unit power supply of movement-based 3G network, and to goods-carriage-door state acquisition device sending controling instruction, improve the detection frequency of goods-carriage-door state acquisition device;
When goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detected goods-carriage-door and is in opening, goods-carriage-door state acquisition device sent information to the vehicle-mounted control terminal;
Receiving when the vehicle-mounted control terminal goods-carriage-door that goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detects by after closing the information that becomes unlatching, controls the loading space video collector and connects the video camera electromechanical source;
When the vehicle-mounted control terminal detects car speed greater than 10km/h, and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detects goods-carriage-door and is become when cutting out by unlatching, sending controling instruction is closed data transmission unit power supply and the video camera electromechanical source of the movement-based 3G network of loading space video collector, and reduces the detection frequency of goods-carriage-door state acquisition device opposite house state.
By the way, the present invention utilizes short distance MANET wireless communication technology, make collector to start flexibly according to monitoring requirements, and can be according to the monitoring flexible shift position of needs or increase/minimizing quantity, and can carry out complete monitoring to the vehicle environment in cold chain transportation and loading-unloading vehicle process, strengthen validity and the practicality of monitoring.
Above embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and real protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. a network-type cold-chain logistics freight container method for supervising, is characterized in that, described method comprises step:
At a plurality of collectors of the inner distributing installation of loading space, described a plurality of collector comprises aerial temperature and humidity collector, loading space video collector and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device, these collectors form inherent interaction relation, realize the monitoring to the variation of loading space aerial temperature and humidity, goods-carriage-door Open-closure state and handling goods process;
Utilize short distance MANET communication to carry out networking and data interaction between each collector and vehicle monitor terminal;
Vehicle monitor terminal reads the positional information of vehicle by the global location unit, and sends to the logistics monitoring center after it is packed together with the data of collector collection;
The specific works mode of described aerial temperature and humidity collector is:
Complete self start initialization and complete networking with vehicle monitor terminal after, the aerial temperature and humidity collector gathers environment temperature and relative air humidity numerical value and sends to vehicle monitor terminal, simultaneously described numerical value is deposited in the working storage of the first microcontroller, then the first microcontroller and aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit enter dormant state, and the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply is cut off;
After a sampling period, the first microcontroller is waken up, and aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit power connection gathers environment temperature and relative air humidity numerical value again, and compares with upper secondary data; If numerical difference between is less than some setting thresholds, the first microcontroller enters dormancy again; If greater than some setting thresholds, connect the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply, send the numerical value that again gathers to vehicle monitor terminal, and deposit up-to-date numerical value in working storage; After confirming that vehicle monitor terminal is received numerical value, again cut off the second wireless transmit/receive units power supply, and control the first microcontroller and the aerial temperature and humidity sensing unit enters dormant state;
Described vehicle monitor terminal and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device and loading space video collector be alternately:
When vehicle monitor terminal detects car speed and is zero, vehicle monitor terminal is controlled the data transmission unit power supply that the loading space video collector is connected the movement-based 3G network, and to goods-carriage-door state acquisition device sending controling instruction, improve the detection frequency of goods-carriage-door state acquisition device;
When goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detected goods-carriage-door and is in opening, goods-carriage-door state acquisition device sent information to vehicle monitor terminal;
Receiving when vehicle monitor terminal goods-carriage-door that goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detects by after closing the information that becomes unlatching, controls the loading space video collector and connects the video camera electromechanical source;
When vehicle monitor terminal detects car speed greater than 10km/h, and goods-carriage-door state acquisition device detects goods-carriage-door and is become when cutting out by unlatching, sending controling instruction is closed data transmission unit power supply and the video camera electromechanical source of the movement-based 3G network of loading space video collector, and reduces the detection frequency of goods-carriage-door state acquisition device opposite house state.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, during work, each collector switches on power as required, complete self start initialization and complete MANET with vehicle monitor terminal after, gather corresponding data and send to vehicle monitor terminal; Can cut off the electricity supply as required subsequently and enter dormant state to save battery electric power; Again be waken up data acquisition and the transmission of carrying out again after through certain sampling or sense cycle.
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| CN103486818B (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-11-25 | 国立勤益科技大学 | For the energy-saving management device of the mobile reach in freezer of freezing chain |
| CN104050735B (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-06-23 | 深圳中集智能科技有限公司 | Smart lock method of switching and equipment, security protection onboard system and safety defense monitoring system |
| CN104730982B (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2018-03-09 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A kind of agricultural product Cold Chain Logistics compartment electronic record collection and prior-warning device and method |
| CN106156969A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2016-11-23 | 淮阴工学院 | The energy management method of the Cold Chain Logistics vehicle-mounted node of Internet of Things based on context aware |
| US10093197B2 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-10-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Key off energy management system |
| CN110609496A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-24 | 沃司科技股份有限公司 | Cold-chain logistics monitoring terminal and system thereof |
| CN109373699A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-22 | 上海可瑞视冷链科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for moving the cloud control system of cold chain shelter |
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