CN102392144A - Process method for recovering indium and germanium from germanium concentrate - Google Patents
Process method for recovering indium and germanium from germanium concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102392144A CN102392144A CN2011103470310A CN201110347031A CN102392144A CN 102392144 A CN102392144 A CN 102392144A CN 2011103470310 A CN2011103470310 A CN 2011103470310A CN 201110347031 A CN201110347031 A CN 201110347031A CN 102392144 A CN102392144 A CN 102392144A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for recovering indium and germanium from germanium concentrate, which relates to the technical field of wet-process metallurgy, in particular to a process method for recovering indium from hydrochloric distillate of the germanium concentrate by using bi-alkali neutralization and then using a P204 extraction method. The process method provided by the invention comprises the steps of chlorination leaching and distillation of the germanium concentrate, bi-alkali neutralization of the distillate and recovery of the indium and germanium in the neutralized residues. By using the method, the recovery rate of the indium can be up to 90.5-95.5% and the recovery rate of the germanium in the distillate can be up to 85.0-90.0%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wet metallurgy, specifically be that a kind of pair alkali that from germanium concentrate hydrochloric acid vinasse, adopt neutralize, and then adopt the P204 extraction process to reclaim the process method of indium.
Background technology
General indium-containing metal not in the germanium concentrate, therefore, before this seldom to the process method research of from germanium concentrate, reclaiming indium; But find recently; The germanium concentrate of some areas output also contains the indium metal of 800～7000g/t except containing 4～10% germanium metal, have the high economic utility value.Therefore from germanium concentrate, to come the high efficiency extraction indium be the problem that is worth research in research, after a large amount of investigative tests, found the comparatively feasible process method of indium of from germanium concentrate, extracting efficiently, and can this set up production line.
Summary of the invention
To be solved by this invention is exactly the problem that reclaims indium germanium of from germanium concentrate, extracting, and a kind of process method that from germanium concentrate, reclaims indium germanium is provided.
The present invention reclaims the process method of indium germanium from germanium concentrate, it is characterized in that this process method may further comprise the steps:
(1) chlorination of germanium concentrate is leached and distillation: germanium concentrate is leached 1.0～2h in the hydrochloric acid medium of 8～9mol/L; The mass ratio of germanium concentrate and hydrochloric acid is 1:6～10; Heat to 60～80 ℃ of leaching 2～3h; Under 95～110 ℃ condition, carry out fractionation by distillation then, obtain germanium tetrachloride and vinasse, germanium tetrachloride is used to prepare high-purity germanium dioxide after rectifying;
(2) the two alkali of vinasse neutralization: after the vinasse that above-mentioned steps is obtained is neutralized to the pH value and is 3～4 with natrium carbonicum calcinatum earlier; Be that to be neutralized to the pH value be 7～8 for 70% sodium hydroxide solution with the quality percentage composition again; Carry out liquid-solid separation then; Obtain being rich in indium germanium in slag and the filtered fluid that does not contain indium germanium, filtered fluid back up to standard discharging, in and slag treat subsequent treatment;
(3) in slag in the recovery of indium: will be heated to 80-90 ℃ with the sulfuric acid solution of 1.5～2.5mol/L of 2～4 times of slag amount in resulting in the above-mentioned steps with slag with quality being earlier, 2～3h is leached in dissolving, makes indium and germanium simultaneously by in the leaching entering solution; Liquid-solid separation, the washing leached mud, cleaning solution is incorporated leachate into; The leachate mass fraction is that the acidity that 30% ammoniacal liquor is regulated leachate is 1.8～2.5mol/L then, and adopting mass fraction again is that the aviation kerosine solution of 10～20% P204 extracts the indium in the leachate as extractant, is in a ratio of; Organic facies: liquid=1:2 before the collection～3, obtain rich indium organic facies and collection back liquid, collection back liquid is for use; Rich indium organic facies then adopts the hydrochloric acid solution of 2.5mol/L to strip; Be in a ratio of rich indium organic facies: back washing agent=6～7:1, strip liquor adopt the aluminium sheet reduction to obtain thick indium; After thicker indium electrolysis removal of impurities being purified, obtain smart indium;
(4) germanium reclaims: it is that to regulate the pH value be 1.5～2.5 for 50% sodium hydroxide solution that liquid after the collection that obtains in the above-mentioned steps is used massfraction; The tannin extract that adds 40～50 times of the germanic weight metals of institute in the liquid of collection back again precipitates recovery, make germanium be transformed into the germanium slag and precipitate, filtrating then in lime with after discharge; The germanium slag is after the filtration washing roasting; Obtain germanium concentrate, after germanium concentrate is handled by methods such as traditional chlorinated distillation, multiple steaming, rectifying, hydrolysis, can obtain high-purity germanium dioxide again.
The principal reaction equation that relates in the technology of the present invention is:
GeO
2+4HCl?=?GeCl
4 
+2H
2O；
In
2O
3+6HCl=2InCl
3+3H
2O；
HCl+NaOH?=NaCl+H
2O；
InCl
3+3NaOH=In(OH)
3 
+NaCl；
2In(OH)
3+3H
2SO
4?=?In
2(SO
4)
4+3H
2O；
Ge(OH)
4+2H
2SO
4?=?Ge(SO
4)
2?+4H
2O。
The process method that residual acid after carrying germanium and slag, reclaims indium and secondary recovery germanium exactly to be solved by this invention; Because of the content of germanium in the germanium concentrate is more than ten times of indium content, can only pays the utmost attention to carry earlier and reclaim the small amount of Germanium that indium and secondary recovery do not reclaim for the first time fully behind the germanium again.Therefore leach fractionation by distillation germanium with hydrochloric acid earlier; Because the extraction efficiency in hydrochloric acid soln during extraction of indium is low; It is bigger influenced by chlorine, iron, aluminium etc. in the germanium concentrate, considers that therefore making has the dissolved indium and do not distill germanium completely in the vinasse with in two alkaline process of yellow soda ash and sodium hydroxide and behind the hydrochloric acid in the vinasse; Do not distill germanium completely and account for 2～10% of germanium amount of metal in the germanium concentrate; During all deposition is enriched in simultaneously and after in the slag, carries out liquid-solid separation again, and indium is separated with vinasse with germanium.Then with in the anti-dissolving of sulphuric acid soln with slag in indium and germanium; Make indium and germanium all get into leach liquor; After regulating the acidity of leach liquor, adopt the P204 extraction of indium, reclaim the process method of the germanium in the liquid behind the indium that comes together again with the tannin extract precipitator method; Adopt the recovery of present method indium can reach 90.5～95.5%, the recovery of germanium can reach 85.0～90.0% in the vinasse.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of germanium concentrate, ge content are 5.8%, and indium content is 4550g/t, and it is reclaimed the processing of indium germanium, and concrete process method may further comprise the steps.
(1) chlorination of germanium concentrate is leached and distillation: get germanium concentrate 100kg adds the 8.2mol/L of 85Okg in the reaction kettle of 1000L hydrochloric acid; Heat to 70-75 ℃ of leaching 2h; Under 95～110 ℃ condition, carry out fractionation by distillation and go out germanium tetrachloride and vinasse; Germanium tetrachloride prepares high-purity germanium dioxide after rectifying, vinasse is made subsequent disposal.
(2) the two alkali of vinasse neutralization: after vinasse used soda ash light to be neutralized to the pH value earlier to be 3.6; Using the quality percentage composition again is that to be neutralized to the pH value be 7.4 for 70% sodium hydroxide solution; After the deposition that stirs is complete; Carry out liquid-solid separation with pressure filter, obtain being rich in indium germanium in 20 kilograms of slags with do not contain the filtered liq 750L of indium germanium.
(3) in slag in the recovery of indium: will be in resulting and slag be heated to 80～85 ℃ with the sulphuric acid soln of the 2.5mol/L of 52kg; Carry out agitation leach 3h; The simultaneously dissolved leaching of indium and germanium back is got in the solution, and then carry out liquid-solid separation with pressure filter, and the washing leached mud; Washings is incorporated leach liquor into, obtains leach liquor 49.5L.The acidity of using ammoniacal liquor to regulate leach liquor is 1.9mol/L, and using massfraction again is that the aviation kerosene solution of 12.5% P204 is as extraction agent, by being in a ratio of; Organic phase: liquid=1:3 extracts before the collection, obtains rich indium organic phase and collection back liquid 49.6L, adopts the hydrochloric acid soln of 2.5mol/L to strip rich indium organic phase; Rich indium organic phase: reverse-extraction agent=6:1, strip liquor adopt the aluminium sheet reduction to obtain thick indium, after thicker indium electrolysis removal of impurities being purified; Obtain smart indium 421g, the recovery of indium is 92.53%.
(4) germanium reclaims: using massfraction is after pH value that 50% sodium hydroxide solution is regulated collection back liquid is 2.0, the germanic 2.48g/L of collection back liquid, and the tannin extract of adding 5532g precipitates recovery; Making germanium be transformed into the germanium slag precipitates; Filtrating is then discharged with the back in lime, and the germanium slag obtains germanium concentrate 1057g after the filtration washing roasting; Ge content is 10.12%, and the germanium recovery is 86.17%.Germanium concentrate again by after the method processing such as traditional chlorinated distillation, multiple steaming, rectifying, hydrolysis, can be obtained high-purity germanium dioxide.
Embodiment 2: a kind of germanium concentrate, ge content are 6.88%, and indium content is 7670g/t, and it is reclaimed the processing of indium germanium, and concrete process method may further comprise the steps.
(1) chlorination of germanium concentrate is leached and distillation: get the germanium concentrate double centner in the reaction kettle of 1000L; The hydrochloric acid that adds the 8.7mol/L of 960kg; Heat to 80 ℃ of leaching 2h; Under 95～110 ℃ condition, carry out fractionation by distillation and go out germanium tetrachloride and vinasse, germanium tetrachloride prepares high-purity germanium dioxide after rectifying, and vinasse is made subsequent disposal.
(2) the two alkali of vinasse neutralization: after vinasse used soda ash light to be neutralized to the pH value earlier to be 3.9; Using massfraction again is that to be neutralized to the pH value be 7.6 for 70% sodium hydroxide solution; After the deposition that stirs is complete; Carry out liquid-solid separation with pressure filter, obtain being rich in indium germanium in 22 kilograms of slags with do not contain the filtered liq 860L of indium germanium.With being heated to 80～85 ℃ with slag with the sulphuric acid soln of the 2.5mol/L of 91kg in resulting, carry out agitation leach 3h, make the simultaneously dissolved leaching of indium and germanium afterwards in the entering solution; And then carry out liquid-solid separation with pressure filter; And the washing leached mud, washings is incorporated leach liquor into, obtains leach liquor 87L.The acidity of using ammoniacal liquor to regulate leach liquor is 2.46mol/L, and using massfraction again is that the aviation kerosene solution of 15% P204 is as extraction agent, by being in a ratio of; Organic phase: liquid=1:2 extracts before the collection, obtains rich indium organic phase and collection back liquid 88.2L, and collection back liquid is for use; Adopt the hydrochloric acid soln of 2.5mol/L to strip rich indium organic phase, by being in a ratio of rich indium organic phase: reverse-extraction agent=7:1; Strip liquor adopts the aluminium sheet reduction to obtain thick indium; After thicker indium electrolysis removal of impurities being purified, obtain smart indium 727g, the recovery of indium is 94.86%.
(4) germanium reclaims: it is after 50% sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH value is 1.78 that the back liquid that will come together uses massfraction; Measure the tannin extract that liquid germanic 2.21g/L in collection back adds 9610g and precipitate recovery, make germanium be transformed into the germanium slag and precipitate, filtrating is then discharged with the back in lime; The germanium slag is after the filtration washing roasting; Obtain germanium concentrate 1471g, ge content is 11.62%, and the germanium recovery is 89.76%.Germanium concentrate again by after the method processing such as traditional chlorinated distillation, multiple steaming, rectifying, hydrolysis, can be obtained high-purity germanium dioxide.
Claims (1)
1. process method that from germanium concentrate, reclaims indium germanium is characterized in that this process method may further comprise the steps:
(1) chlorination of germanium concentrate is leached and distillation: germanium concentrate is leached 1.0～2h in the hydrochloric acid medium of 8～9mol/L; The mass ratio of germanium concentrate and hydrochloric acid is 1:6～10; Heat to 60～80 ℃ of leaching 2～3h; Under 95～110 ℃ condition, carry out fractionation by distillation then, obtain germanium tetrachloride and vinasse, germanium tetrachloride is used to prepare high-purity germanium dioxide after rectifying;
(2) the two alkali of vinasse neutralization: after the vinasse that above-mentioned steps is obtained is neutralized to the pH value and is 3～4 with natrium carbonicum calcinatum earlier; Be that to be neutralized to the pH value be 7～8 for 70% sodium hydroxide solution with the quality percentage composition again; Carry out liquid-solid separation then; Obtain being rich in indium germanium in slag and the filtered fluid that does not contain indium germanium, filtered fluid back up to standard discharging, in and slag treat subsequent treatment;
(3) in slag in the recovery of indium: will be heated to 80-90 ℃ with the sulfuric acid solution of 1.5～2.5mol/L of 2～4 times of slag amount in resulting in the above-mentioned steps with slag with quality being earlier, 2～3h is leached in dissolving, makes indium and germanium simultaneously by in the leaching entering solution; Liquid-solid separation, the washing leached mud, cleaning solution is incorporated leachate into; The leachate mass fraction is that the acidity that 30% ammoniacal liquor is regulated leachate is 1.8～2.5mol/L then, and adopting mass fraction again is that the aviation kerosine solution of 10～20% P204 extracts the indium in the leachate as extractant, is in a ratio of; Organic facies: liquid=1:2 before the collection～3, obtain rich indium organic facies and collection back liquid, collection back liquid is for use; Rich indium organic facies then adopts the hydrochloric acid solution of 2.5mol/L to strip; Be in a ratio of rich indium organic facies: back washing agent=6～7:1, strip liquor adopt the aluminium sheet reduction to obtain thick indium; After thicker indium electrolysis removal of impurities being purified, obtain smart indium;
(4) germanium reclaims: it is that to regulate the pH value be 1.5～2.5 for 50% sodium hydroxide solution that liquid after the collection that obtains in the above-mentioned steps is used massfraction; The tannin extract that adds 40～50 times of the germanic weight metals of institute in the liquid of collection back again precipitates recovery, make germanium be transformed into the germanium slag and precipitate, filtrating then in lime with after discharge; The germanium slag is after the filtration washing roasting; Obtain germanium concentrate, after germanium concentrate is handled by methods such as traditional chlorinated distillation, multiple steaming, rectifying, hydrolysis, can obtain high-purity germanium dioxide again.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102787243A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2012-11-21 | 云南东昌金属加工有限公司 | Method for recycling germanium from zinc distillation residues |
| CN102787242A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-21 | 中南大学 | Method for recovering germanium and indium from germanium-containing material generated from lead and zinc smelting process |
| CN104480328A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-01 | 云南临沧鑫圆锗业股份有限公司 | Method for recycling germanium in low-grade brown coal germanium concentrate by using vacuum enrichment |
| CN105907994A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-31 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Method for achieving germanium precipitation through metallic oxide |
| CN107746965A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-03-02 | 郴州丰越环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of germanium vacuum distillation slag recovery indium germanium |
| CN110453097A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-15 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | A method of germanium is extracted in distillation from fluorine-containing germanium concentrate |
| CN112410584A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | Method for recovering germanium from zinc leaching residues |
| CN112760497A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 云南东昌金属加工有限公司 | Recovery method for absorbing germanium in alkali liquor by purifying germanium-extracting tail gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102787242A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-21 | 中南大学 | Method for recovering germanium and indium from germanium-containing material generated from lead and zinc smelting process |
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| CN104480328B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-01-20 | 云南临沧鑫圆锗业股份有限公司 | The method of germanium in the low-grade brown coal germanium concentrate of vacuum enriching and recovering |
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| CN107746965A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-03-02 | 郴州丰越环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of germanium vacuum distillation slag recovery indium germanium |
| CN107746965B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-09-10 | 郴州丰越环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of germanium vacuum distillation slag recovery indium germanium |
| CN110453097A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-15 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | A method of germanium is extracted in distillation from fluorine-containing germanium concentrate |
| CN110453097B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-12-17 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | Method for distilling and extracting germanium from fluorine-containing germanium concentrate |
| CN112410584A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | Method for recovering germanium from zinc leaching residues |
| CN112760497A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 云南东昌金属加工有限公司 | Recovery method for absorbing germanium in alkali liquor by purifying germanium-extracting tail gas |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |