CN102392104A - Method and apparatus for reinforcing surface of cavity of die with plasma beam - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for reinforcing surface of cavity of die with plasma beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN102392104A CN102392104A CN2011103695583A CN201110369558A CN102392104A CN 102392104 A CN102392104 A CN 102392104A CN 2011103695583 A CN2011103695583 A CN 2011103695583A CN 201110369558 A CN201110369558 A CN 201110369558A CN 102392104 A CN102392104 A CN 102392104A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and an apparatus for reinforcing the surface of the cavity of a die with a plasma beam. The method comprises the following steps: 1, mounting the die to be processed on a workbench; 2, adjusting positions of a plasma beam generator and the cavity of the die to be processed to make the plasma beam generator and the surface of the cavity of the die reach optimal working positions; 3, determining technological parameters and adjusting the energy of the plasma beam according to the material of the die to be processed; 4, determining the reinforcement locus of the plasma beam according to the geometrical characteristic of the cavity of the die; 5, carrying out reinforcement path tests on the surface of the cavity of the die according to the reinforcement locus to detect the possible interference of the reinforcement apparatus; and 6, scanning the surface of the cavity of the die by the plasma beam according to above determined speed and the determined locus. The method of the invention allows the wear resistance and the thermal fatigue resistance of the surface of the cavity of the die to be reinforced, the service life of the die to be greatly improved, the reinforcement technology to be simple, and the reinforcement cost to be low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mold cavity surface reinforcing method and device, relate in particular to a kind of mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method and device, belong to the surface strengthening technology field of cold-work die, hot-work die.
Background technology
Mould is manufactured in the industrial development and has a very important role; But its working conditions is very abominable mostly; Often bear bigger impact load or high temperature load, cross quick-wearing or frequent thermal fatigue failure and cause the reduction of mould molding enterprises production efficiency, quality product decline, production cost to improve.Improve the wear-resisting and thermal fatigue resistance of mould, be one of significant problem that the various countries investigator is studying and urgency is to be solved the work-ing life of improving mould.
Under the general technology condition, often exist restricting relation between the strength and toughness, the strength of materials increases, and always is accompanied by toughness of material usually and reduces.Requiring the high-intensity while, require material that high toughness is arranged again, usually is very difficult.It is varied that highly malleablized is handled, but sum up to get up basically all to obtain the highly malleablized effect through approach such as quench hot and high tempering, low temperature quenchings: make full use of lath martensite and following shellfish body tissue form, reduce plate martensite as far as possible; The austenite crystal of refinement steel and superfluous carbide obtain martensite and second mutually the complex tissue with good plasticity; The die surface strengthening treatment process mainly contains gas nitriding method, ionitriding, electric spark surface peening method, boronising, TD method, CVD method, PVD method, BRN method, laser surface intensified method, plasma spraying method or the like.But these traditional treatment method regular meetings form tensile residual stresses at die surface, reduce the work-ing life of mould, owing to be to surperficial bulk treatment, its efficient is low, cost is higher simultaneously.
In the research to soil animal, the discovery soil animal is come in and gone out in viscosity bigger ight soil and soil, through frayed; Can act on one's own; Health seldom adheres to ight soil and earth, and this is because there is certain elasticity on the animal surface, under the effect of external force; Recoverable deformation takes place in the body surface energy-absorbing.Boss is harder simultaneously, also contains some other elements, and its effect is to bear the extruding of ight soil and soil and friction, opposing wearing and tearing.Biological surface Micro-Structure Analysis such as shell, Squama Manis, snake, lizard are given birth in dung beetle, sea, find that its surperficial soft or hard tissue demonstrates certain pattern.Give birth to shell like the sea, its surface is coincided by the different intersection synusia of direction and forms, and hardness, the toughness of synusia orientation and camber and shell are closely related.The layered structure that intersects is stoping the crack developing direction to have clear superiority.Therefore, mimic biology surface tissue and pattern have obtained application in some industrial technology field.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method and device; Be used for mimic biology surface tissue and pattern and generate wear resistance and the thermal fatigue resistance that enhancing unit clocklike is beneficial to improve mould on the mold cavity surface, solve die surface that existing mold mold cavity surface treatment process exists whereby and have tensile residual stresses, die life reduces and surperficial bulk treatment causes the problem that efficient is low, cost is high.
To achieve these goals, mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method provided by the invention may further comprise the steps: step 1: pending mould is installed on the worktable; Step 2: adjustment plasma beam generator and pending mold cavity pose, so that plasma beam generator and mold cavity surface reach best operational position; Step 3: according to pending moulding stock, confirm processing parameter, regulate the beam-plasma energy; Step 4:, confirm the strengthening tracks of beam-plasma according to the mold cavity geometric properties; Step 5: according to strengthening tracks, strengthen path testing, with the contingent interference capability of detection enhancement equipment on the mold cavity surface; Step 6: plasma beam is according to speed of confirming and track scanning mold cavity surface.
To achieve these goals, mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity makeup provided by the invention is put and comprised: plasma beam generator is used to produce beam-plasma; The energy-beam setter is located at said plasma beam generator, is used to regulate the energy density of beam-plasma; The five degree of freedom feed mechanism; Said five degree of freedom feed mechanism comprises worktable and operate portions; Said worktable has translation freedoms, rotary freedom; Said operate portions has the translation freedoms of mutually perpendicular both direction, and said operate portions is provided with a beam-plasma installation shaft, and said beam-plasma installation shaft has rotary freedom; System is connected to control, to coordinate the action of said plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter and five degree of freedom feed mechanism with said plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter and five degree of freedom feed mechanism.
Design a kind of enhancing unit that can improve surface abrasion resistance property, thermal fatigue resistance simultaneously through bionic theory; And the application corresponding apparatus processes the enhancing unit that meets the bionic function requirement; The present invention can be according to the operating mode of different moulds; Select the bionical pattern of different reinforcement forms, size, the regularity of distribution for use, obtain different performances, form personalized netted enhancing unit on the mold cavity surface.Whereby, the present invention not only can strengthen mould mold cavity surface wear resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, increases substantially the work-ing life of mould, and reinforcing process is simple, cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Structure diagram when Fig. 1 moves for apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the five degree of freedom feed mechanism structural representation of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment;
Fig. 3-Fig. 5 is respectively the pattern of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment in the surperficial rhombus that forms of mold cavity, herring-bone, herringbone enhancing unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is explained further details.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the schematic structure of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment basically, and agent structure, energy-beam setter, system and the self-adaptation powder feeding structure of plasma head D that preferred embodiment comprises the plasma beam generator shown in the figure, five degree of freedom feed mechanism and not shown plasma beam generator put in the mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity makeup of the present invention of Fig. 1-shown in Figure 2.Plasma beam generator is used to produce beam-plasma, and is exported by plasma head D.The energy-beam setter is located at plasma beam generator, is used to regulate the energy density of beam-plasma.Because the structure and the method for use of plasma beam generator and energy-beam setter are known technology, repeat no more at this.
The five degree of freedom feed mechanism comprises worktable GT, operate portions and lathe bed CS, column LZ, installation shaft B1, axle bed ZZ, axle bed plate ZB and feed mechanism Z1, X1, Y1, C1, and the installation shaft B1 that plasma head D wherein is installed is also in order to represent the rotating feed mechanism B1 of drive installation axle B1 rotation.Installation shaft B1 is located on the axle bed ZZ, and axle bed ZZ is located on the axle bed plate ZB movably, and the axle bed plate is located on the column LZ movably.Worktable GT rotatably reaches to be located at movably on the lathe bed CS.Under the driving of each feed mechanism, worktable GT have Y to the XZ of translation freedoms, C axle rotary freedom, operate portions to translation freedoms and B axle rotary freedom.Its motion is transmitted and to be: X to feed mechanism X1, also be X to the feeding motor driven ball screws drive plasma head D along X to moving; Y to feed mechanism Y1, also be Y to the feeding motor driven ball screws drive worktable along Y to moving; By that analogy, Z to the feeding motor driven ball screws drive working head along Z to translational movement, C to rotary freedom by C to the feeding electric motor driving, drive circular table GT and rotate.The rotation of installation shaft B1, is driven plasma head D and makes B to rotation to electric motor driving by B.The motor of five feed mechanisms is realized interlock by the unified control of the system that comprises computingmachine.
The system of this preferred embodiment not only is connected with the five degree of freedom feed mechanism controlling its various actions, and is connected with control with plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter and self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism, coordinates the action of plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter, self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism and five degree of freedom feed mechanism.Wherein, The self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism is used for the mold cavity surface of the mould G on worktable GT and carries alloy powder; It accepts the control of system; And select alloy powder or without alloy powder, and alloy powder is delivered to the mold cavity surface according to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information according to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation.
Below in conjunction with the use of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment, the inventive method preferred embodiment is further specified.
When apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment moves, pending mould G is installed on the two-freedom worktable GT.
The die cavity pose of the plasma head D of adjustment plasma beam generator and pending mould G.Two degree of freedom are arranged on the worktable GT, i.e. Y translation freedoms and C direction of principal axis rotary freedom are by electric motor driving.Plasma head D has three degree of freedom, and promptly X, Z are to translation freedoms and B direction of principal axis rotary freedom, and the five degree of freedom interlock makes plasma beam generator and mold cavity surface reach best operational position.
Confirm processing parameter,, confirm processing parameter, energy-beam setter article on plasma Shu Jinhang capacity control, self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism adjustment powder sending quantity by technological data bank according to pending moulding stock.
Strengthen path planning, the reinforcement path generating system of system generates the work track according to the mold cavity geometric properties.
The plasma beam generator examination is strengthened, and according to strengthening the path, plasma beam generator is strengthened path testing on the mold cavity surface, to detect contingent interference capability.
Intensified process is with 10
6-10
4W/cm
2Plasma beam is according to setting speed and track scanning mold cavity surface, and formation is spaced apart 0.4-10mm, strengthens the degree of depth is enhancing unit such as 0.1-1.0mm rhombus, herring-bone or herringbone.
The aftertreatment of mould strengthening surface, surface finish forms complete strengthening layer.
And; Further preferably; System selects alloy powder perhaps without alloy powder according to base material and the mold cavity surface working stress distribution situation of mould G, and adopts the self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism according to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information alloy powder to be delivered to the mold cavity surface or the alloy powder of not bothering to see me out.The base material of mould G is cold-work die steel and hot-work die steel commonly used in producing, and mainly contains Cr, Si, Mo, W, V, Nb element to the alloy powder of mold cavity surface transport.
The five degree of freedom feed mechanism drives plasma head D along the mold cavity apparent motion, generates strengthening surface, and workpiece and beam-plasma speed of relative movement are 1-30mm/s, and the plasma beam width is 0.1-5mm.The enhancing unit shape is selected according to mould structure and applying working condition; The energy-beam setter carries out process adjustments according to the difference of substrate property.
When utilizing this device preferred embodiment manufacturing surface to have the bonnet die casting of rhombus enhancing unit distributional pattern, select alloy powder to carry out surface alloying according to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation, main alloy element is Mo, W and V; According to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information alloy powder is delivered to the mold cavity surface with the self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism; Use the plasma beam width to be 2mm, energy density is 10
6W/cm
2Plasma beam is according to speed and the track scanning mold cavity surface of 4mm/s, and formation is spaced apart 2mm, strengthens the degree of depth is the rhombus enhancing unit (as shown in Figure 3) of 0.8mm.Its hardness of processing test back is HRC55, and frictional coefficient is 0.32, and wear resistance significantly improves, and the mold cavity with bionic surface has improved 3 times work-ing life.
When utilizing this device preferred embodiment manufacturing surface to have the stud overcap hot forged mould of herring-bone enhancing unit distributional pattern, select not carry out surface alloying according to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation; Use the plasma beam width to be 1mm, energy density is 10
4W/cm
2Plasma beam is according to speed and the track scanning mold cavity surface of 1mm/s, and formation is spaced apart 1mm, strengthens the degree of depth is the herring-bone enhancing unit (as shown in Figure 4) of 1.0mm.Its hardness of processing test back is HRC52, and frictional coefficient is 0.36, and the mold cavity with bionic surface has improved 2 times work-ing life.
When utilizing this device preferred embodiment manufacturing surface to have the aluminium alloy extruded mould of herringbone enhancing unit distributional pattern; Select alloy powder to carry out surface alloying according to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation, main alloy element is Cr, Si and Mo; According to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information alloy powder is delivered to the mold cavity surface with the self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism; Use beam width to be 0.6mm, energy density is 10
5W/cm
2Plasma beam is according to speed and the track scanning mold cavity surface of 2mm/s, and formation is spaced apart 1mm, strengthens the degree of depth is the herringbone enhancing unit (as shown in Figure 5) of 1.0mm.Its hardness of processing test back is HRC63, and friction system is 0.30, and wear resistance significantly improves, and the mold cavity with netted strengthening surface has improved 1.8 times work-ing life.
To sum up; The invention provides a kind of cold-work die, hot-work die beam-plasma function surface intensification technique method and implement device; To cold-work die under the different operating modes or hot-work die base material; Through beam-plasma the reinforced alloys powder is delivered to die surface or the alloy powder of not bothering to see me out according to mold cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information and working stress distribution situation, use 10 then
6-10
4W/cm
2Plasma beam is according to setting speed and track scanning mold cavity surface, forms that to be spaced apart 0.1-8mm, to strengthen the degree of depth be rhombus, herring-bone, the herringbone enhancing unit of 0.1-1.0mm, not only guaranteed the toughness of base material but also improved the intensity of mold cavity surface.This device comprises that system, plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter, self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism, five degree of freedom feed mechanism and system comprise the processing parameter storehouse, strengthen path generating system.Through computer control five degree of freedom feed mechanism; Drive plasma beam generator and self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism; Along the enhancing unit pattern of mold cavity substrate surface generation different distributions, wherein the energy-beam setter is used different parameter according to the different mining of base material fusing point.Technology combines with equipment can realize conveniently that plasma energy bundle forms different reinforcement patterns on the mold cavity surface; Plasma energy bundle can be done the self-adaptation adjusting according to the physicals of base material simultaneously; Thereby form and the netted enhancing unit of die matrix metallographic phase bonded; Make die life prolong 1-3 doubly, greatly reduce production cost.
Can know that by technological general knowledge the present invention can realize through other the embodiment that does not break away from its spirit or essential feature.Therefore, above-mentioned disclosed embodiment with regard to each side, all just illustrates, and is not only.All within the scope of the present invention or the change in being equal to scope of the present invention all comprised by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: pending mould is installed on the worktable;
Step 2: adjustment plasma beam generator and pending mold cavity pose, so that plasma beam generator and mold cavity surface reach best operational position;
Step 3: according to pending moulding stock, confirm processing parameter, regulate the beam-plasma energy;
Step 4:, confirm the strengthening tracks of beam-plasma according to the mold cavity geometric properties;
Step 5: according to strengthening tracks, strengthen path testing, with the contingent interference capability of detection enhancement equipment on the mold cavity surface;
Step 6: plasma beam is according to speed of confirming and track scanning mold cavity surface.
2. mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises step 7: surface finish is carried out after strengthening via beam-plasma scanning in the mold cavity surface, forms complete strengthening layer.
3. mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 6, the enhancing unit that beam-plasma scanning mold cavity surface forms be spaced apart 0.4-10mm, the reinforcement degree of depth is 0.1-1.0mm.
4. mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said enhancing unit assumes diamond in shape, herring-bone or herringbone.
5. mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step 6, the energy density of said beam-plasma is 10
6-10
4W/cm
2
6. mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In step 6, comprise also according to mold cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information alloy powder delivered to the mold cavity surface that said alloy powder contains Cr, Si, Mo, W, V, Nb.
7. a mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity makeup is put, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
Plasma beam generator is used to produce beam-plasma;
The energy-beam setter is located at said plasma beam generator, is used to regulate the energy density of beam-plasma;
The five degree of freedom feed mechanism; Said five degree of freedom feed mechanism comprises worktable and operate portions; Said worktable has translation freedoms, rotary freedom; Said operate portions has the translation freedoms of mutually perpendicular both direction, and said operate portions is provided with a beam-plasma installation shaft, and said beam-plasma installation shaft has rotary freedom;
System is connected to control, to coordinate the action of said plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter and five degree of freedom feed mechanism with said plasma beam generator, energy-beam setter and five degree of freedom feed mechanism.
8. mold cavity surface plasma beam intensity makeup according to claim 7 is put; It is characterized in that; Also comprise with said system being connected and being used for the self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism to mold cavity surface transport alloy powder, said self-adaptation powder feeding mechanism is selected alloy powder or without alloy powder and according to die cavity geometric jacquard patterning unit surface curvature information alloy powder is delivered to the mold cavity surface according to mould base material and surperficial working stress distribution situation.
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| CN108179247A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-19 | 四川大学 | A kind of arc-plasma surface-texturing heat treatment-strengthening process method |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |