CN102390903B - Papermaking black liquid membrane treating method - Google Patents

Papermaking black liquid membrane treating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102390903B
CN102390903B CN 201110297884 CN201110297884A CN102390903B CN 102390903 B CN102390903 B CN 102390903B CN 201110297884 CN201110297884 CN 201110297884 CN 201110297884 A CN201110297884 A CN 201110297884A CN 102390903 B CN102390903 B CN 102390903B
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water
film
black liquid
level
fresh
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CN 201110297884
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CN102390903A (en
Inventor
蒲茂军
耿石光
蒲嘉懿
李柏
都浩
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Liaoning Branch,China Huanqiu Engineering Co., Ltd.
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LIAONING BRANCH CHINA HUANQIU ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a papermaking black liquid membrane treating method, by which the problems of large occupied area, high cost, complicated operation, low treating efficiency, high energy consumption, low comprehensive recycling and poor using effect in the conventional papermaking black liquid treatment can be solved. The method comprises the following steps of: filtering suspended impurities out of papermaking black liquid, and performing fine-filtering to remove granulated impurities with particle size of more than 0.1 microns; continuously performing membrane filtering for three times to separate most organics with the molecular weight of more than 300 from the water, and forming fresh water and concentrated water, wherein part of the concentrated water refluxes to a first-order membrane and the other part of the concentrated water enters an evaporating system; performing fourth-order membrane treatment on the fresh water subjected to the previous three orders of membrane treatment, separating the concentrated water from the fresh water, wherein the concentrated water with the molecular weight of more than 100 and the NaOH enters the fourth-order membrane of the concentrated water; recycling alkali from the concentrated water; adjusting the PH value of the fourth-order fresh water by adding H2SO4 to a value from 6 to 7; and performing fifth-order membrane treating to further remove organics and the alkali. The method is high-efficiency, energy-saving, easy to operate and use and low in cost; and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Black liquid embrane method treatment process
Technical field
The present invention relates to wastewater treatment, particularly a kind of black liquid embrane method treatment process.
Background technology
The processing of black liquid is a difficult problem of paper industry always in alkaline process (caustic soda) slurrying.COD (COD in the paper industry waste discharge; Account for more than 40% of national industrial COD total release down together); And the contained pollutent of black liquid accounts for more than 90% of paper industry total emission volumn; And its intractability is big, and is serious to environmental hazard, so the processing of black liquid is the key that paper-making industrial waste water is handled.
In recent years, through unremitting effort in many ways, though the prevention and cure of pollution of paper industry have obtained certain achievement, the prevention and cure of pollution task of paper-making industrial waste water is also quite heavy.
At present, black liquid treatment technology commonly used has Silvola recovery, flocculent precipitation, acid-precipitation method, activated sludge process etc., but traditional treatment method has big limitation; Because floor space is big, investment running cost is high, complicated operation, processing efficiency is low; Energy consumption is high; Reasons such as comprehensive reutilization weak effect do not obtain large-scale promotion and use, along with science and technology development, and the abreast of the times far from requirement of rare black liquor treatment technology of existing paper industry.
Membrane separation technique is contemporary new and effective stripping technique; It is the product of multidisciplinary intersection; With traditional separation method relatively, it have efficient, energy-conservation, process be prone to controlled, no phase change, easy to operate, be beneficial to all compositions in recycle-water and the water, save the energy, environmental friendliness, be convenient to amplification, be easy to and advantages such as other technologies are integrated.So, can be with the processing of application of membrane separation technology in black liquid? So far do not see open report is arranged.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned situation, for overcoming the prior art defective, the present invention's purpose just provides a kind of black liquid embrane method treatment process; Can effectively solve existing black liquid handle in floor space big, cost is high, complicated operation, processing efficiency is low; Energy consumption is high, the problem of comprehensive reutilization weak effect.Its technical scheme realizes through following steps:
1, coarse filtration; Pre-treatment and smart filter: at first by the big suspended substance in the grid elimination black liquid; Remove the suspended impurity (comprising remaining suspended substance and part colloid thing) in the black liquid by the fine sand strainer then, with the smart filter of smart filter equipment, smart filter divides three utmost points again; Filtering accuracy is followed successively by 5 μ m, 1 μ m, 0.1 μ m, removes the granule foreign of particle diameter greater than 0.1 μ m at last;
2, one, two, three film (element is nf membrane) is handled: the black liquid after the processing carries out three grades of films to be handled; Through continuous three membrane filtrations, molecular weight greater than 300 most of organism and water sepn, is formed fresh water and dense water; Fresh water gets into fresh-water tank; Dense water gets into dense water tank, and before a dense water part was back to the one-level film, the dense water that another part concentration is big got into vapo(u)rization system;
Said fresh water and dense water are meant that membrane sepn is a physical process, and the selection perviousness through film is with the larger molecular organics in the former water (black liquid) and small-molecule substance such as the water sepn both sides at film.One side is rich in larger molecular organics, and is dense, is the former water after concentrating, and is called as dense water; One side is the former water that filters out principal pollutant, and organic content reduces greatly, is mainly water and reaches (as follows) such as the easy biochemical organism of small molecules that sees through film.
3, four, Pyatyi film (element is reverse osmosis membrane) handles: the fresh water after first three grade film is handled carries out the level Four film to be handled, and through the level Four membrane sepn, separates into the fresh water after dense water and the level Four processing after four utmost points are handled; Fresh water gets into the level Four fresh-water tank; Contain molecular weight greater than 100 and the dense water of NaOH get into the dense water tank of level Four, the dense water after level Four is handled gets into dense water level Four film, also gets into the level Four fresh-water tank through the fresh water of dense water level Four membrane sepn; Alkali in the dense water reclaims, and level Four fresh water adds H 2SO 4After transferring pH value to be 6-7, carry out the Pyatyi film and handle, under the situation of pressure 6-8MPa, handle, further remove the level Four film and handle organism and alkali in the fresh water of back through the Pyatyi film.
Efficient, energy-conservation, the easy to operate use of the present invention is beneficial to back the effective constituent in the black liquid, reduces environmental pollution, and cost is low, can effectively solve the handling problem of black liquid, has huge economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
Provided by accompanying drawing, the present invention is realized by following concrete steps:
1, black liquid is carried out coarse filtration: method is, grid is set before equalizing tank, and the big suspended substance (referring to that particle diameter is greater than 3mm) in the black liquid is held back, and avoids dirty plugging road valve, pumping set, guarantees that the subsequent disposal facility normally moves;
Equalizing tank plays the effect of regulating the waste water quality water yield simultaneously, and the variation of the waste water quality water yield that prevents to produce in the production process causes the impact that can't recover to Sewage treatment systems;
The equalizing tank water outlet continues to handle through the subsequent film separation system, not only can reduce wastewater through organic matter content, can also make the valuable organic substance in the waste water obtain concentrating recovery;
2, to the black liquid pre-treatment after the coarse filtration: adopt the fine sand strainer, main effect is suspended substance and the part colloidalmaterial of removing in the water, and backwash water is through post precipitation; Supernatant is back to equalizing tank, and throw out press filtration afterfire is handled, and behind equalizing tank, still has suspended impurity in the water; When these solid impurities get into the slight void that the upper strata filtrate of strainers forms; Because of receiving that machinery obstructs and adsorption is trapped in the upper layer of strainer by filtrate, simultaneously, these solid matters that are trapped overlap again and bridging action each other; Surface just as at filtering layer forms filtration membrane; Continue the solid impurity in the filtered water, remove the turbidity and the suspended solids of excess, guarantee film system influent quality with this;
3, pretreated black liquid is carried out the essence filter: the same pre-filtrating equipment of the main effect of smart filter, in order to remove granule foreign and partial organic substances, for film separating system provides the fine water inlet; To alleviate the load of subsequent film, method is to carry out the essence filter with accurate filter; The accurate filter shell is that stainless steel is made, and filter core is that line twines or the Vestolen PP 7052 spray welding filter element, fixes for flange between cylindrical shell and the end socket; Filter core is replaceable, and is very convenient, and smart filter divides three grades to carry out through renew cartridge more; Filtering accuracy is followed successively by 5 μ m, 1 μ m, 0.1 μ m, behind three-stage filtration, removes the granule foreign of particle diameter greater than 0.1 μ m, and filtering first filtering velocity is 8m 3/ m 2H removes materials such as granule foreign, colourity, turbidity, solubility organic pollutant, low molecule organic matter, holds back the mechanical impurity that possibly reveal in front-end system and the equipment, prevents that particulate material is stifled to the dirt of film and pump assembly, guarantees system's normal and stable operation;
4, one, two, three film is handled: film is to adopt semi-permeable membranes; Through continuous three membrane filtrations; Greater than 300 organism and water sepn, method is with molecular weight, and the black liquid after semi-permeable membranes is with three-stage filtration separates into dense water and fresh water (dense water and light implication are with described in the content three of the present invention); Fresh water gets into fresh-water tank, and dense water gets into dense water tank.
Find out by above-mentioned; Film is handled a kind of functional semi-permeable membranes that just allows solvent molecule or some low molecular weight solutes or low price ion to see through; Can be with molecular weight greater than 300 organism and water sepn, in black liquid was handled, it can be with the dense water side of most of rejection to organics in the former water in film; And with its concentrated decrement, the dense water devaporation system after concentrating continues to concentrate; The fresh water that sees through film still contains few partial organic substances and alkali, needs to concentrate through further processing of fourth stage film, handles the dense water in back and contains higher alkali, can reclaim;
The very big characteristic of first three grade film is that membrane body has electric charge property, and this is that it still has the higher major reason that removes the organism performance under the low pressure very much.First three grade film can be used for removing organism and colourity, and the useful matter in enriching food and the separation medicine etc. play an important role in the valuable organic substance recovery of trade effluent technology;
5, the level Four film is handled: the fresh water after being handled by first three grade film is handled (the level Four film also is to adopt semi-permeable membranes) from fresh-water tank through the level Four film; First three grade fresh water is divided into dense water and fresh water; Dense water gets into dense water level Four film through the dense water tank of level Four and handles, and dense water level Four film becomes fresh water and dense water with the dense water sepn of level Four, and alkali reclaims in the dense water; The fresh water that fresh water that the level Four membrane sepn comes out and dense water level Four membrane sepn come out gets into the level Four fresh-water tank, through adding H 2SO 4After transferring pH value to be 6-7, carry out the Pyatyi film and handle;
The level Four film is aperture≤10 * 10 -10The film of the semipermeability matter of m; Its separate object is to be in the inorganics of ionic condition and the organism of the overwhelming majority in the solution; Can be with molecular weight greater than 100 rejection to organics in dense water side, and it is further concentrated decrement through Circulation, mix laggard chemical recovery system with the dense water of level Four film; See through fresh water COD value behind the level Four film well below (former water COD concentration is 10% before the processing, and the fresh water COD value behind the level Four film is 50-100 mg/L) the preceding black liquid (being called for short former water) that is untreated;
The level Four film is to utilize this physical phenomenon of infiltration to realize isolating.To two kinds of water that contain different concns salt, separate with a film with semipermeability matter, can find that the water on one side that salt concentration is low can see through membrane permeation to the high one side of salt concentration, but the salinity that it contained and impermeable.So little by little merge till the salt concentration on both sides equates.The process of osmosis of nature is very long.In order to accelerate this fusion process, can increase a pressure (pressure is 2-3 MPa) in high water one side of saltiness, let infiltration stop, the seepage water pressure of Here it is film.Strengthen pressure, water just can inverse osmosis again, and then salinity stays, and this has just formed the desalination principle of three grades of films.I.e. in water salty (Ru Yuanshui), in addition bigger than naturally osmotic pressure pressure carries out infiltration round about, is pressed onto the other side of film to the water molecules in the former water, becomes clean water, thereby reaches the purpose of removing salinity in the water;
The major function of level Four film is further to remove organism and the alkaloids that contains in the water outlet of one-level film, thereby makes its minimizing, and fresh water gets into the Pyatyi film and handles, and dense water carries out the recovery of alkali;
6, the Pyatyi film is handled: the Pyatyi film is aperture≤10 * 10 -10The film of the semipermeability matter of m, its principle of work is the same with the secondary film, and just the operating pressure ratio of Pyatyi film is higher; WP is between 6-8MPa, and the Pyatyi film can under high pressure further be removed organism and the alkali that still contains in the water outlet of level Four film, and the processing of Pyatyi film makes the fresh water after the level Four film is handled separate into Pyatyi film processing fresh water and the Pyatyi film is handled dense water; Thereby it is further concentrated, reach minimized, the purpose of minimizing; The reuse of Pyatyi film fresh water, dense water reclaims alkali.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) great advantage of embrane method processing black liquid is separable most of water, thereby reduces rare black liquor vaporizing expense greatly, and can directly reclaim a part of alkali.
2) embrane method handle be different from traditional evaporation technology be also advantageous in that this processing unit is simple, floor space is little, for enterprise has practiced thrift a large amount of land resources.
3) embrane method is handled the investment instant effect, and short-term is with regard to recyclable investment.
4) this technology can realize fully automatic operation, and the operation operation is simple and convenient.
5) adopt and technology to also have advantages such as construction period weak point.
In a word, the present invention adopts membrane separation technique technology, and membrane separation technique technology is simple, when fresh water obtains reuse, can also reclaim alkali, and economic benefit and social benefit are huge.

Claims (1)

1. a black liquid embrane method treatment process is characterized in that,
(1) black liquid is carried out coarse filtration: method is, grid is set before equalizing tank, and the particle diameter in the black liquid is held back greater than the suspended substance of 3mm, guarantees that the subsequent disposal facility normally moves;
(2), to the black liquid pre-treatment after the coarse filtration: still have suspended impurity in the black liquid after the equalizing tank coarse filtration; Adopt the fine sand strainer, the upper strata that makes impurity get into the fine sand strainer forms slight void, and the impurity that is trapped overlaps again and bridging action each other; Surface at filtering layer forms filtration membrane; Continue the impurity in the filtered water, remove the turbidity and the suspended substance of excess, guarantee the water quality of film system water inlet with this;
(3), pretreated black liquid is carried out essence filter, pretreated black liquid is carried out essence filter with accurate filter, the accurate filter shell is the stainless steel making; Filter core is that line twines or the Vestolen PP 7052 spray welding filter element, fixes for flange between cylindrical shell and the end socket, and filter core is replaceable; Smart filter divides three grades to carry out through renew cartridge more; The three-stage filtration precision is followed successively by 5 μ m, 1 μ m, 0.1 μ m, removes the impurity of particle diameter greater than 0.1 μ m, and filtering velocity is 8m 3/ m 2H prevents pollution and the obstruction of impurity to film and pump assembly, guarantees system's normal and stable operation;
(4), one, two, three film is handled: adopt semi-permeable membranes; Through continuous three membrane filtrations; Greater than 300 impurity and water sepn, method is that the black liquid after semi-permeable membranes is with the essence filter separates into dense water and fresh water with molecular weight in the black liquid after the essence filter; Fresh water gets into fresh-water tank, and dense water gets into dense water tank;
Said fresh water and dense water are meant; Membrane sepn is a physical process; In the both sides of film, a side is rich in larger molecular organics to selection perviousness through film, and is dense with the larger molecular organics in the former water of black liquid and small-molecule substance water sepn; Be the former water of black liquid after concentrating, be called as dense water; One side is the former water of black liquid that filters out principal pollutant, and organic content reduces greatly, is mainly water and through the easy biochemical organism of the small molecules of film, is called fresh water;
It is exactly a kind of functional semi-permeable membranes that allows solvent molecule or some low molecular weight solutes or low price ion to see through that film is handled; Can be with molecular weight greater than 300 organism and water sepn; In black liquid is handled; With the dense water side of most of rejection to organics in the former water in film, and with its concentrated decrement, the dense water devaporation system after concentrating continues to concentrate;
(5), the level Four film is handled: the fresh water after being handled by first three grade film is handled through semi-permeable membranes level Four film from fresh-water tank; First three grade fresh water is divided into dense water and fresh water; Dense water gets into dense water level Four film through the dense water tank of level Four and handles, and dense water level Four film becomes fresh water and dense water with the dense water sepn of level Four, and alkali reclaims in the dense water; The fresh water that fresh water that the level Four membrane sepn comes out and dense water level Four membrane sepn come out gets into the level Four fresh-water tank, through adding H 2SO 4After transferring pH value to be 6-7, carry out the Pyatyi film and handle;
The level Four film is aperture≤10 * 10 -10The film of the semipermeability matter of m sees through the COD concentration 10% of the fresh water COD value former water before the processing behind the level Four film, and the fresh water COD value behind the level Four film is 50-100 mg/L;
(6), the Pyatyi film is handled: the Pyatyi film is aperture≤10 * 10 -10The film of the semipermeability matter of m, WP are between 6-8MPa, and the Pyatyi film can under high pressure further be removed organism and the alkali that still contains in the water outlet of level Four film; The processing of Pyatyi film makes the fresh water after the level Four film is handled separate into Pyatyi film processing fresh water and the Pyatyi film is handled dense water; Thereby it is further concentrated, reach minimized, the purpose of minimizing; The reuse of Pyatyi film fresh water, dense water reclaims alkali.
CN 201110297884 2011-09-30 2011-09-30 Papermaking black liquid membrane treating method Expired - Fee Related CN102390903B (en)

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CN103601216A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-02-26 江苏泰丰化工有限公司 Device for recovering mixed alkaline liquid in indigo blue after-treating and washing processes
CN106865892A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-06-20 轻工业环境保护研究所 Reducing rules black liquor by wet method alkali reclaiming method

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CN1051063A (en) * 1989-10-14 1991-05-01 中国纺织大学 The continous processing system that black liquid is new
CN101402500A (en) * 2008-11-18 2009-04-08 中南大学 Film treatment method for black liquor from papermaking
CN101812813A (en) * 2010-04-07 2010-08-25 中南大学 Method and device for treating paper-making black liquid acid-precipitation waste liquid film

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