CN102390072A - Method for manufacturing artificial board by taking mineralizer on surfaces of silvegrass and reed waterproof as waterproofing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wood composite materials, discloses a manufacturing method for producing shaving boards and fiberboards using surface mineralizer SiO2 of silvegrass or reed as a waterproof agent. The silvegrass or reed stalks are manufactured into wood shavings, the silvegrass or reed wood shavings containing SiO2 is taken as the waterproof agent and are made into silvegrass or reed wood shaving boards without addition of waterproof agent. The silvegrass or reed stalks are separated into fibers, the SiO2 of the silvegrass or reed forms micro-particles which have the function of the waterproof agent and the silvegrass or reed fiberboards are produced without addition of waterproof agent. The silvegrass or reed can be mixed with wood to produce shaving boards or fiberboards only by adding waterproof agent to the wood, the addition amount is shown in a formula (1); and the SiO2 in the silvegrass or reed is a little more than the additive amount of the waterproof agent, the SiO2 has partial waterproof function to the wood shaving or fiber, so that the additive amount of waterproof agent is less, and can be calculated by a formula (2).

Description

Utilize the waterproofing agent of the surperficial mineralizer of reed grass, reed as Wood-based Panel Production

One, technical field

The invention discloses the manufacturing approach of utilizing water plant reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer silica of reed to produce particieboard, fiberboard as waterproofing agent.

Two, background technology

Along with the develop rapidly of national economy and the raising of living standards of the people, the consumption figure of timber is in continuous growth, and the supply of timber resources is descending.Utilizing all utilizable non-timber resources to produce the forward position that wood-based plate is countries in the world research, also is the necessary ways of the artificial board industry development of China.Compare with the timber wood-based plate, there are some difficult points in the stalk resource production wood-based plate of non-timber on production technology some is satisfactorily resolved so far as yet.The stalk surface is contained and is unfavorable for the material that glues together adopting traditional Lauxite or phenolic resin glue, is difficult to obtain satisfied bonding strength.Artificial board of straw is an adhesive with the isocyanate ester, and the isocyanates price is than the expensive 8-10 of Lauxite times, and the cost problem that therefore causes becomes the bottleneck that artificial board of straw is promoted.

Two kinds of water plant reed grass, reeds the present invention relates to all belong to tall and big grass, are grown in lake, wetland, have widely in China to distribute.China starts from the nineties in last century to the research of reed wood-based plate, and people such as Han Guangping have studied raw material crushing degree, plate density and resin added to the reed-shavings board Effect on Performance; It is that the reason that single raw material is difficult to make the particieboard that meets standard-required is SiO that people such as Pu An Bin analyze with reed ₂Content is high; Li Kaifu etc. have studied the development of reed-hards particieboard; People such as Pu An Bin has studied the performance of isocyanate glue reed-shavings board again afterwards; Han Guang duckweed in 1998 has been studied and has added different silane couplers to the reed-shavings board Effect on Performance; Discover that the reed stalk epidermis has smooth mineralized layer; It is inner to make that adhesive is difficult to be immersed in the stem stalk; Hinder the good gummed between reed and the reed; Performances such as its internal bond strength of reed-shavings board with the compacting of common urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive do not reach request of national standard, so people such as Han Jiarong adopts the NaOH aqueous solution that adds 1-2% as activating agent mineralized layer to be carried out modification to handle, add granular powder adhesive and assistant producd fibers plate.The water of handling behind the reed with the NaOH aqueous solution can cause the pollution of environment that the performance of reed is descended, complex manufacturing in addition, and therefore up to the present this production method also is not used for actual production.

Other stalks such as reed grass, the same straw of reed, wheat straw are the same, and stem stalk surface exists the very poor mineralizer of one deck wetability, and its main component is SiO ₂SiO ₂Existence influenced the glue performance of reed grass, reed wood-based plate, but with mineralizer SiO ₂As the waterproofing agent of particieboard, fiberboard, under the condition that does not add waterproofing agent, the various density of producing and reed of thickness grass, reed wood-based plate, the physical and mechanical property of its product reaches and the requirement that surpasses the relevant wood-based plate standard of country.

Thickness swelling after the wood-based plate suction is to cause the unsettled main cause of wood-based plate size, has limited the scope of application of wood-based plate, and traditional solution is to add waterproofing agent paraffin in producing, to improve the water resistance of wood-based plate.And paraffin can only play temporary transient waterproof effect, and along with the wood-based plate growth of service time, water resistance reduces gradually, and the thickness swelling rate of wood-based plate increases; The interpolation of paraffin also can reduce the mechanical property of wood-based plate in addition.With reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂As waterproofing agent; Adopt urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive to produce the thickness swelling rate that wood-based plate can reduce reed grass, reed wood-based plate; Also can slow down the phenomenon that wood-based plate in use reduces along with the prolongation water resistance of time, because the mineralizer SiO that reed is careless, reed stalk is surperficial ₂Lasting waterproof effect is arranged, do not add paraffin water repellent in addition, can reduce production cost.

Agricultural crop straw such as straw, wheat straw etc. are produced its performance of wood-based plate with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive and are not reached request of national standard; And reed is careless, reed is not adding or adding less under the situation of waterproofing agent; The particieboard that makes with urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, the requirement of fibreboard performance National standard; Its reason is that the stem stalk of reed grass, reed is thicker than straw, wheat straw, and the ratio of surperficial mineralizer is low, and energy spectrum analysis records reed grass, reed surface mineralizer SiO ₂Content be about the 2-3.5% of stem stalk, wheat straw is 5.5%, so Lauxite is better than straw, wheat straw to reed grass, reed wetability, so the glue performance of the wood-based plate of producing with reed grass, reed is than straw, wheat straw height.

Can adopt 100% reed grass or reed production wood-based plate in the production; Also can mix reed vegetation material, the reed timber wood-based plate of producing different proportion with timber, experimental result shows when 100% reed grass or reed produce wood-based plate, under the condition that does not add any waterproofing agent; The particieboard that makes, fiberboard mechanical property height; Thickness swelling rate is low, and its product quality reaches and surpass the standard-required of national Related product, has solved reed and can not directly be used for the technical barrier that particieboard is produced; Reed grass or reed and timber add a certain amount of waterproofing agent with different mixed according to mixing ratio, can obtain desirable waterproof effect, when guaranteeing the wood-based plate quality, have reduced the production cost of wood-based plate.

The rational application of reed grass, reed can improve its industrial value; It is deficient to alleviate China's timber resources; In the ecological environment and the ecological balance of protection lake region, protection wildwood resource, the while has also been opened the new page of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive production artificial board of straw.

Three, summary of the invention

1, goal of the invention

The objective of the invention is reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂As the waterproofing agent of particieboard, Fibreboard Production, do not adding or adding less under the condition of paraffin water repellent, produce reed grass, reed wood-based plate or reed vegetation material, reed wood composite wood-based plate.

2, technical scheme

1. antennaria dioica flakeboard: reed grass blade stalk is pulverized through pulverizer and is processed wood shavings, contains SiO ₂Reed grass wood shavings of mineralizer are evenly distributed in the wood shavings, the SiO of the about 2-3.5% of reed grass blade stalk surface content ₂Can cut off wood shavings surface hydrophilic group and water molecules, reduce hydrophilic radical quantity in the particieboard, play the effect of waterproofing agent; Reed after pulverizing grass wood shavings, through dry, mix urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, under the condition of not adding waterproofing agent, antennaria dioica flakeboard is processed in moulding, hot pressing.

2. reed-shavings board: pulverizer is pulverized reed stalk and is processed wood shavings, contains mineralizer SiO ₂The reed wood shavings be distributed to uniformly between the wood shavings, be the SiO of 1.8-2.4% with content in the reed wood shavings ₂As the waterproofing agent that reed-shavings board is produced, under the condition that does not add any waterproofing agent, process the reed-shavings board that meets national particieboard standard-required.

3. silver-grass fiber board: reed grass blade stalk through pulverize, boiling, defibrator process separates into fiber, the SiO of the about 2-3.5% of reed grass blade stalk ₂After pulverizing, defibrator process, becoming molecule, be dispersed between the fiber, play waterproof action; The silver-grass fiber board that meets national fiberboard standard-required is processed in silver-grass fiber hot pressing after will separating under the condition of not adding waterproofing agent.

4. bulrush beaverboard: reed stalk through pulverize, boiling softens, separates into fiber, the mineralizer SiO of reed stalk in the defibration process ₂Form molecule, be distributed to the surface of reed fiber uniformly, play the effect of waterproofing agent; With SiO in the reed fiber ₂As the waterproofing agent that bulrush beaverboard is produced, under the condition of not adding waterproofing agent, produce bulrush beaverboard.

5. reed vegetation material laminated particle-board, reed vegetation material composite fiber plate: with reed grass wood shavings and wooden shavings or silver-grass fiber and lumber fibre with different mass ratio mixing production reed vegetation material laminated particle-board or reed vegetation material composite fiber plate; In the production with the SiO in reed grass ₂Part waterproofing agent as reed vegetation material laminated particle-board, fiberboard; And according to the addition of the waterproofing agent of setting in the production technology, reed grass mass mixing ratio example with timber, the waterproofing agent consumption that need add with wooden shavings or lumber fibre in formula (1) calculating reed vegetation material laminated particle-board, the production of reed vegetation material composite fiber plate;

$f=\frac{\mathrm{Ga}}{1+m_2+(1+m_1)x}---\left(1\right)$

In the formula: f need to represent the waterproofing agent consumption of interpolation; X representes reed grass wood shavings and wooden shavings mass ratio or the silver-grass fiber and the lumber fibre mass ratio of over dry; The waterproofing agent addition of a for setting in producing, particieboard value 1-2%, fiberboard value 1-1.8%; G is for mixing the gross mass of wood shavings or fiber, m ₁Be the moisture content of reed grass wood shavings or fiber, m ₂It is the moisture content of wooden shavings or fiber;

Reed vegetation material laminated particle-board or fiberboard that to produce a specification be 1220mm * 2440mm * 15mm, plate density is 0.75g/cm ³, particieboard, fiberboard resin added are respectively 14%, 12%, and the waterproofing agent addition is respectively 1.5%, 1.2%, and the waterproofing agent consumption under the different mixing proportion condition is as shown in table 1:

Reed vegetation material laminated particle-board of table 1 different mixing proportion, fiberboard waterproofing agent consumption

Annotate: m ₁, m ₂Be 13%.

6. reed wooden shavings plate, reed wood fiberboard: with the SiO on reed stalk surface ₂Part waterproofing agent as reed wooden shavings plate, fiberboard; The waterproofing agent consumption that wooden shavings or fiber need add in reed wooden shavings plate, the Fibreboard Production calculates with formula (1) according to the setting of production technology and the mixed proportion of reed timber.

Waterproofing agent consumption under reed, the poplar different mixing proportion condition is seen shown in the table 2; Reed wooden shavings plate or fiberboard specification are 1220mm * 2440mm * 15mm; Particieboard, fiberboard resin added are respectively 14%, 12%; The waterproofing agent addition is respectively 1.5%, 1.2%, and particieboard or fiberboard density are 0.74g/cm ³

Waterproofing agent consumption under table 2 reed wooden shavings plate or the fiberboard mass mixing ratio

Annotate: m ₁, m ₂Be respectively 12%, 13%.

7. reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Average content is respectively 2.4% and 2.1%, a little more than the waterproofing agent applied amount, and reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Can play the part waterproof effect to wooden shavings or fiber, calculate reed grass or reed wooden shavings plate, the waterproofing agent applied amount of reed grass or reed wood fiberboard by formula (2) according to reed grass, reed and the mass mixing ratio example of timber and the addition of waterproofing agent.

$f=\frac{G(\mathrm{xa}+a-\mathrm{xb})}{1+m_2+(1+m_{1}x)}---\left(2\right)$

In the formula: f need to represent the waterproofing agent consumption of interpolation; X representes reed grass, reed wood shavings and wooden shavings mass ratio or reed grass, reed fiber and the lumber fibre mass ratio of over dry; The waterproofing agent addition of a for setting in producing; Particieboard value 1-2%, fiberboard value 1-1.8%, b are reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Average content, G is for mixing the gross mass of wood shavings or fiber, m ₁Be the moisture content of reed grass, reed wood shavings or fiber, m ₂It is the moisture content of wooden shavings or fiber.

Advantage of the present invention is following: reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Waterproofing agent as particieboard, fiberboard has reduced SiO ₂To the infiltrating influence of Lauxite to reed grass, reed; Solve the low difficult problem of Lauxite gummed reed-shavings board performance; When reducing production costs, reed grass, reed-shavings board, fiberboard or reed vegetation material, the reed wood composite particieboard of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive production, the physical and mechanical property of fiberboard are up to state standards.

Four, the specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:

Embodiment one

Reed grass wood shavings after the pulverizing add 14% urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive through drying during glue mixing, under the condition that does not add waterproofing agent, the physical and mechanical property of the antennaria dioica flakeboard that makes is following:

Embodiment two

With pulverizer reed grass, poplar are smashed respectively, the over dry mass mixing ratio of reed grass, Aspen wood shavings is 3: 7, and the addition 1.4% of waterproofing agent is calculated according to computing formula (1), and the actual addition of waterproofing agent is 279g; Particieboard be size 1220mm * 2440mm * 15mm, the Lauxite resin added is 13%.

The physical and mechanical property of reed grass poplar laminated particle-board that makes is following:

Embodiment three

With pulverizer reed is smashed, reed through drying, glue mixing, mat formation, heat pressing process processes reed-shavings board; Waterproofing agent addition 0, Lauxite resin added 14%, the physical and mechanical property of the reed-shavings board that makes is following:

Embodiment four

With pulverizer reed, poplar are smashed respectively, reed, Aspen wood shavings are pressed over dry quality proportioning and are mixed at 4: 6, and the addition 1.5% of the waterproofing agent of setting in the production technology is calculated according to computing formula (2), and the actual addition of waterproofing agent is 128g; Size 1220mm * 2440mm * 15mm, Lauxite resin added 14%.

The physical and mechanical property of the reed Aspen wood shavings plate that makes is following:

Embodiment five

Reed grass through pulverizing, boiling, fiber separation, mat formation, be hot pressed into silver-grass fiber board; Waterproofing agent addition 0, Lauxite resin added 13%.

The physical and mechanical property of the silver-grass fiber board that makes is following:

Embodiment six

Reed grass, poplar are in 5: 5 ratio batchings of over dry quality; Poplar, reed grass are processed composite fibre through pulverizing, boiling, fiber separation, composite fibre through mat formation, hot pressing processes reed grass poplar composite fiber plate; The mask-making technology parameter is: Lauxite resin added 11%; Size 1220mm * 2440mm * 15mm, the addition of waterproofing agent are 1.3%, and drawing the actual addition of waterproofing agent according to computing formula (2) is 45g.

The physical and mechanical property of reed grass poplar composite fiber plate that makes is following:

Embodiment seven

Reed through pulverizing, boiling, fiber separation, mat formation, be hot pressed into bulrush beaverboard; Waterproofing agent addition 0, Lauxite resin added 12%.

The physical and mechanical property of the bulrush beaverboard that makes is following:

Embodiment eight

Reed, poplar be through pulverizing, boiling, fiber separation, mats formation, size 1220mm * 2440mm is processed in hot pressing * 15mm reed aspen fibers by using silicon plate; The ratio of reed fiber, aspen fibers by using silicon is 6: 4, and resin added 12%, the addition of waterproofing agent are 1.4%, and substitution computing formula (1) is calculated, and waterproofing agent adds 162g.

The physical and mechanical property of the reed aspen fibers by using silicon plate that makes is following:

Except that the foregoing description, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all technical schemes that is equal to replacement or equivalent transformation formation all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. antennaria dioica flakeboard: reed grass blade stalk is pulverized through pulverizer and is processed wood shavings, contains mineralizer SiO ₂Reed grass wood shavings be distributed in the wood shavings SiO of the about 2-3.5% of reed grass blade stalk surface content randomly ₂As waterproofing agent; Under the condition of not adding other waterproofing agents, reed grass wood shavings are processed antennaria dioica flakeboard through mixing urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, moulding, hot pressing.

2. reed-shavings board: pulverizer is pulverized reed stalk and is processed wood shavings, contains mineralizer SiO ₂The reed wood shavings be distributed to randomly between the wood shavings, content is the SiO of 1.8-2.4% in the reed wood shavings ₂As the waterproofing agent that reed-shavings board is produced, under the condition that does not add other waterproofing agents, process the reed-shavings board that meets national particieboard standard-required.

3. silver-grass fiber board: reed grass blade stalk is through pulverizing, and defibrator process separates into fiber, the SiO of the about 2-3.5% of reed grass blade stalk ₂After pulverizing, defibrator process, becoming molecule, be dispersed between the fiber, play waterproof action; The silver-grass fiber board that meets national fiberboard standard-required is processed in silver-grass fiber hot pressing after will separating under the condition of not adding waterproofing agent.

4. bulrush beaverboard: reed stalk through pulverize, boiling softens, separates into fiber, the mineralizer SiO of reed stalk in the defibration process ₂Form molecule, play the effect of waterproofing agent; Under the condition of not adding other waterproofing agents, produce bulrush beaverboard.

5. reed vegetation material laminated particle-board, reed vegetation material composite fiber plate: with reed grass wood shavings and wooden shavings or silver-grass fiber and lumber fibre with different mass ratio mixing production reed vegetation material laminated particle-board or reed vegetation material composite fiber plate; In the production with the SiO in reed grass ₂Part waterproofing agent as reed vegetation material laminated particle-board, reed vegetation material composite fiber plate; And according to the addition of the waterproofing agent of setting in the production technology, reed grass mass mixing ratio example with timber, the waterproofing agent consumption that need add with wooden shavings or lumber fibre in formula (1) calculating reed vegetation material laminated particle-board, the production of reed vegetation material composite fiber plate;

$f=\frac{\mathrm{Ga}}{1+m_2+(1-m_1)x}---\left(1\right)$

In the formula: f need to represent the waterproofing agent consumption of interpolation; X representes reed grass wood shavings and wooden shavings mass ratio or the silver-grass fiber and the lumber fibre mass ratio of over dry; The waterproofing agent addition of a for setting in producing, particieboard value 1-2%, fiberboard value 1-1.8%; G is for mixing the gross mass of wood shavings or fiber, m ₁Be the moisture content of reed grass wood shavings or fiber, m ₂It is the moisture content of wooden shavings or fiber.

6. reed wooden shavings plate, reed wood fiberboard: with the SiO on reed stalk surface ₂Part waterproofing agent as reed wooden shavings plate, reed wood fiberboard; The waterproofing agent consumption that wooden shavings or lumber fibre need add in reed wooden shavings plate, the production of reed wood fiberboard calculates with formula (1) according to the setting of production technology and the mixed proportion of reed timber.

7. reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Average content is respectively 2.4% and 2.1%, a little more than the waterproofing agent applied amount, and reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Can play the part waterproof effect to wooden shavings or fiber, calculate reed grass or reed wooden shavings plate, the waterproofing agent applied amount of reed grass or reed wood fiberboard by formula (2) according to reed grass, reed and the mass mixing ratio example of timber and the addition of waterproofing agent.

$f=\frac{G(\mathrm{xa}+a-\mathrm{xb})}{1+m_2+(1+m_1)x}---\left(2\right)$

In the formula: f need to represent the waterproofing agent consumption of interpolation; X representes reed grass, reed wood shavings and wooden shavings mass ratio or reed grass, reed fiber and the lumber fibre mass ratio of over dry; The waterproofing agent addition of a for setting in producing; Particieboard value 1-2%, fiberboard value 1-1.8%, b are reed grass, the surperficial mineralizer SiO of reed stalk ₂Average content, G is for mixing the gross mass of wood shavings or fiber, m ₁Be the moisture content of reed grass, reed wood shavings or fiber, m ₂It is the moisture content of wooden shavings or fiber.