CN102388860B - 一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法 - Google Patents

一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法 Download PDF

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CN102388860B
CN102388860B CN201110316035.2A CN201110316035A CN102388860B CN 102388860 B CN102388860 B CN 102388860B CN 201110316035 A CN201110316035 A CN 201110316035A CN 102388860 B CN102388860 B CN 102388860B
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CN102388860A (zh
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冯典兴
刘广纯
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Shenyang University
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Abstract

一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,涉及一种昆虫标本的制取方法,包括如下制取步骤:将活体昆虫用固定液固定45~60分钟;将固定后的昆虫用蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂中;利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2%~2.5%Cacl2中,轻摇20~30分钟;转入蒸馏水中漂洗15~20分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球。本发明方法可保持昆虫原有的色泽和形态结构,标本不会腐烂,便于运输和存放,并且包埋的标本还可以通过解聚剂取出做进一步研究。

Description

一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种昆虫标本的制取方法,特别是涉及一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法。
背景技术
死亡时间的准确推断一直是法医学的难题。利用尸体上的昆虫生长发育规律推断死者死亡时间已被认为是一种有效方法。目前,法医昆虫标本的保存方式是浸制保存,保存液主要是75%的乙醇和10%的福尔马林。但这两种保存液会使标本发生变色或脱色现象,尤其是对裸蛹复眼颜色影响更为明显。75%乙醇会很快使裸蛹黄色复眼变为无色,而10%的福尔马林虽可固定黄色复眼,但却可以造成红色复眼变为黄色复眼,从而造成难以准确鉴定蛹的发育时间,甚至会造成对死亡时间的错误推断。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,该方法能够长时间保持小型法医昆虫原有色泽和形态结构,所制得的标本可以随时取出作进一步研究。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,其所述方法包括如下制取步骤:    
(1)将活体昆虫用固定液固定45~60分钟;  
(2)将固定后的昆虫用蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;   
(3)漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂中;
(4)利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2%~2.5% Cacl2中,轻摇20~30分钟; 
(5)转入蒸馏水中漂洗15~20分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球。
所述的一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,其所述的包埋剂为:1.5%~2%海藻酸钠,0.45%~0.65% NaCl,0.008%~0.012% CaCl2,0.009%~0.014% KCl,0.013%~0.02% MgSO4,青霉素50~100IU/ml。
所述的一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,其所述的固定液为6%戊二醛。
所述的一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,其所述的含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球,入10%~20%柠檬酸钠中解聚5~15分钟,即可释放出昆虫做进一步研究。
本发明的优点与效果是:
本发明的方法可保持昆虫原有的色泽和形态结构,标本不会腐烂,便于运输和存放,并且包埋的标本还可以通过解聚剂取出做进一步研究。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明将活体昆虫经过固定、漂洗,包埋制得标本。由于包埋剂中的海藻酸钠在遇到Cacl2后会发生离子交换反应,从而由液态变为固态,将昆虫包埋其中,整个包埋过程不涉及其他化学反应,标本无法接触外界环境,从而达到原色保存的目的。柠檬酸根离子会与钙离子结合,从而可将昆虫标本释放出来。
实施例1:
保存成虫标本按以下步骤:
(1)将活体昆虫用6%戊二醛固定60分钟;    
(2)将固定后的昆虫用蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;   
(3)漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂(2%海藻酸钠,0.45% NaCl,0.008% CaCl2,0.009% KCl,0.013% MgSO4,青霉素100IU/ml)中;
(4)利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2% Cacl2中,轻摇30分钟;
(5)转入蒸馏水中漂洗15分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球。
实施例2:
保存标本是蛹按以下步骤:
(1)将活体昆虫用6%戊二醛固定60分钟;   
(2)将固定后的昆虫用蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;   
(3)漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂(1.5%海藻酸钠,0.65% NaCl, 0.012% CaCl2,0.014% KCl, 0.02% MgSO4,青霉素50IU/ml)中;
(4)利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2.5% Cacl2中,轻摇20分钟;
(5)转入蒸馏水中漂洗20分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球。
实施例3:
将包埋后的蛹取出,做进一步的解剖后再保存按以下步骤:
(1)将含有标本的小球转入20%柠檬酸钠溶液中,轻摇5分钟,即可将标本释放出来;
(2)在任氏液中解剖出裸蛹;
(3)蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;
(4)漂洗后的蛹转入包埋剂漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂(2%海藻酸钠, 0.65% NaCl,0.012% CaCl2,0.014% KCl,0.02% MgSO4,青霉素100IU/ml)中; 
(5)利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2.5% Cacl2中,轻摇20分钟;
(6)转入蒸馏水中漂洗15分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球。
实施例4:
将包埋后的蛹取出,做进一步的解剖后再保存按以下步骤:
(1)将含有标本的小球转入10%柠檬酸钠溶液中,静置15分钟,即可将标本释放出来;
(2)在任氏液中解剖出裸蛹;
(3)蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;
(4)漂洗后的蛹转入包埋剂漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂(2%海藻酸钠, 0.65% NaCl,0.012% CaCl2,0.014% KCl,0.02% MgSO4,青霉素100IU/ml)中;
(5)利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2.5% Cacl2中,轻摇20分钟;
(6)转入蒸馏水中漂洗15分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球。

Claims (1)

1.一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下制取步骤:    
(1)将活体昆虫用固定液固定45~60分钟;  
(2)将固定后的昆虫用蒸馏水漂洗5分钟;   
(3)漂洗后的昆虫转入包埋剂中;
(4)利用移液器或滴管将含有昆虫标本的液滴滴入2%~2.5% Ca Cl2中,轻摇20~30分钟; 
(5)转入蒸馏水中漂洗15~20分钟,即形成含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球;
所述的包埋剂为:1.5%~2%海藻酸钠,0.45%~0.65% NaCl,0.008%~0.012% CaCl2,0.009%~0.014% KCl,0.013%~0.02% MgSO4,青霉素50~100IU/mL;所述的固定液为6%戊二醛;所述的含有昆虫的透明的刚性小球,入10%~20%柠檬酸钠中解聚5~15分钟,即可释放出昆虫做进一步研究。
CN201110316035.2A 2011-10-18 2011-10-18 一种小型法医昆虫标本的制取方法 Expired - Fee Related CN102388860B (zh)

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