CN102387102A - Digital signal coding-based method and system for 5th generation (5G) broadband wireless communication - Google Patents
Digital signal coding-based method and system for 5th generation (5G) broadband wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN102387102A CN102387102A CN201010268251XA CN201010268251A CN102387102A CN 102387102 A CN102387102 A CN 102387102A CN 201010268251X A CN201010268251X A CN 201010268251XA CN 201010268251 A CN201010268251 A CN 201010268251A CN 102387102 A CN102387102 A CN 102387102A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
- H04B1/0007—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
- H04B1/717—Pulse-related aspects
Abstract
The invention provides a digital signal coding-based method and system for 5th generation (5G) broadband wireless communication, which relates to the field of the broadband wireless communication. In the digital signal coding-based method and system for the 5G broadband wireless communication, coding is performed on a high-speed baseband digital signal to form a transmission code, and then, the transmission code is directly sent, transmitted and received, whereas the radio-frequency carrier or the radio-frequency pulse of a traditional wireless communication system, or frequency conversion or modulation/demodulation processing on the signal is not needed. The extension and waveform conversion coding is performed on the high-speed baseband digital signal by the transmitting end of the system disclosed by the invention to form the transmission code, and the transmission code is transmitted through an antenna after being amplified; and at the receiving end of the system, the signal received by the broadband antenna is input to a high-speed sampler or an analog-to-digital converter after being amplified by a low noise amplifier, and then, is input to a baseband for signal processing. The digital signal coding-based system for the 5G broadband wireless communication provided by the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, high transmission rate and low cost, and can be applied to 5G all-digital broadband wireless communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband wireless communication technique field; Particularly need not be and need not carry out under the situation of modulation treatment, through the high speed baseband digital signal being encoded and waveform transformation handles that the back is directly amplified, emission and receiving realizes the 5th generation (5G-5thgeneration) full-digital broadband method of wireless communication and system to sending signal by radio carrier.
Background technology
The message transmission particularly wireless transmission of information is a key areas of modern society.Generally speaking, modern information technologies are to change into digital signal (digital signal) to analog signals such as sound, image (analog signal) information to carry out information processing or preservation.Such as, logical operation in the computer and information stores are to adopt the form of digital signal all.In optical fiber telecommunications system, information also is that the form with digital signal is loaded on the light communication media and propagates.Thereby in the plurality of applications field of signal processing such as computer, optical-fibre communications and image, sound and storage, information all is to be citation form with the digital signal.
In history; Because digital signal has characteristics such as signal amplitude is little, frequency is low usually; The wireless transmission of digital signal need be modulated to digital signal on the radio signal (radio frequency RF signal) usually; Through wireless emission, transmission and reception, and the transmission of realization signal.This method is the main pattern of all RI radio intelligence transmission always.Such as, traditional radio broadcasting system is loaded into acoustic information on the radio carrier exactly, realizes emission, transmission and reception; And information wherein is to be embedded into radio carrier through modulation system.But along with development of technology; Ubiquitous property requirement to radio communication; Several kinds of main patterns such as pressing for a kind of wireless communications mode can the compatible with digital signal, computerized information and optical fiber communication, and have characteristics such as simple in structure, with low cost, superior performance simultaneously.
Below, we will propose a kind of new wireless communications method and system configuration that is different from traditional radio communication pattern on the characteristics basis of analysis conventional radio communications system.
Its radio-frequency front-end transceiver module subsystem (abbreviation receive-transmit system) of traditional wireless communication system mainly comprises two kinds of implementation patterns, and a kind of is to adopt the modulated carrier pattern that frequency is carried out conversion, and a kind of is impulse radio (impulse radio) pattern.
Wherein, the modulated carrier pattern is the mature system that has developed a lot of years, needing to be characterized in radio carrier to realize wireless transmission of signal.The transmitting terminal of its receive-transmit system is to utilize baseband signal (having comprised needs information transmitted) to go the modulated carrier radio signal; Through frequency mixer low frequency baseband signal and carrier signal are carried out mixing; Thereby the information that will transmit is loaded on the radiofrequency signal, then through the transmission in the space of antenna transmitting radio carrier wave and realization information.Several kinds of typical structures of this pattern are such as direct upconversion transmitter structure, and superhet transmitter architecture etc. all need the modulation to carrier wave of radio carrier and baseband signal.
The receiving terminal of modulated carrier pattern then carries out mixing with the radiofrequency signal and the carrier signal that receive, from radiofrequency signal, restores low frequency baseband signal, sends subsequent module again to and handles.The typical implementation method of this receiving terminal comprise as, zero intermediate frequency reciver, dual IF heterodyne receiver etc.Please refer to " RF microelectronic ", Behzad Razavi work, Yu Zhiping, Zhou Runde translates, in April, 2006 front page (list of references 1).
Traditional wireless broadcast communication system, the second generation of mobile communication (second generation-2G), the third generation (3G), and the 4th generation (4G) system etc. that is developing at present is based on above modulated carrier pattern.Wherein, the international standard of the third generation (3G) mobile communication technology is fairly perfect, and product is popularized, and can realize that wireless transmission rate reaches several megabits of about per second.And the 4th generation (4G) mobile communication technology international standard also be not very perfect at present, product is also in the development phase, its wireless transmission rate can reach per second 100 megabits or more than.Though technical standard is also not definite fully, the common understanding that forms in the world is that the 4th third-generation mobile communication system need possess reconfigurability, promptly compatible multiple different wireless communications mode and standard.The 5th generation (5G) mobile communication technology also be in the world at present the early stage development, correlation technique does not also have clear and definite international standard, the wireless transmission rate of expection will per second 1 gigabit or more than.
A kind of technology that is widely used is code division multiple access (CDMA) technology in the modulated carrier pattern, and this technology can improve the effective rate of utilization of frequency spectrum, improves information transfer efficiency, reduces and disturbs.Related patent U.S. Patent No. comprises like Zhu Yingjian, " the CDMA single-conversion emission system of digital modulation mode ", Dongfang Communication Sci-Tech Development Co., Ltd, grant number: CN1440149,2003 (referenced patent 1); Three Pus are also thorough, " cdma receiver and method of reseptance thereof ", Nippon Electric Company, Ltd., grant number CN1402911,2003 (referenced patent 2).
Analysis through above learns that traditional main flow wireless communication system pattern all need rely on the modulated carrier pattern, and promptly communication system need rely on the modulation of baseband digital signal to radio carrier, realizes information emission and transmission through radio carrier.And other information storage and transmission system be such as department of computer science's optical fiber telecommunications system of unifying, and its message form is a digital signal.Under traditional wireless communication technology pattern, the wireless transmission of computerized information and optical fiber information all need rely on the modulated carrier pattern.Be modulated to the radio carrier signal to digital signal, increased the complexity of system on the one hand, thereby improved the cost of system, in addition, also influenced signal integrity.
Ultra broadband (the Ultra Wide Band-UWB) wireless communications mode that rise recent years comprises two kinds of main types, and a kind of is that orthogonal frequency is used pattern mutually, and a kind of is the pulse ultra-broad band pattern.In ultra-wideband communications, the technology of comparative maturity has also adopted the pattern of modulating/demodulating such as " many band-orthogonal frequencies are used mutually " (Multi Band-OFDM) system at present.As: Behzad Razavi, Han-Chang Kang, Turgut Aytur, RanYan, " Ultrawideband CMOS transceiver ", US Patent, Pub.No.2006/0103473 A1, May 16,2006 (referenced patent 3); Ismail; A.Abidi; " A 3.1 to 8.2GHz Direct ConversionReceiver for MB-OFDM UWB Communications ", 2005 IEEE InternationalSolid-State Circuits Conference, pp.208-210 (list of references 2); Hui Zheng, et al., " A3.1-8.0GHz MB-OFDM UWB Transceiver in 0.18 μ m CMOS, " IEEE 2007CustomIntegrated Circuits Conference (CICC), pp.651-654 (list of references 3).
Above pattern all relates to a baseband signal and is loaded on the high frequency radio carrier signal through ovennodulation, realizes message transmission through the transmitting radio carrier wave again.Its characteristic features is all to need the radio carrier signal, and need carry out frequency translation.From the angle analysis that circuit is realized, above system all needs frequency mixer.
In the period of past nearly 20, be software radio (software radio) and digital radio (digital radio) technology in two technology of wireless communication field by broad research.Software radio is a kind of wireless communication designs that connects with software realization physical layer, like Buracchini, and E.; " The software radio concept, " Communications Magazine, IEEE, Sep 2000, Vol.38, Issue 9, page:138-143 (list of references 4).Software radio is considered to a system that can reconfigure usually, and it only needs exploitation one cover general hardware system, and system adapts to different environment through Different software: comprise multiple business, standard and frequency band etc.Thereby a portable terminal can use at different system peace interstation unblockedly.The desirable software radio of all band is imagination just also at present, and what can realize at present is the design philosophy that as far as possible adopts software radio, at intermediate frequency to be issued to total digitalization, so be also referred to as digital radio.
" digital radio " technology is used to describe those usually Digital Signal Processing is applied to the wireless communication system that base band signal process, modulation and demodulation, intermediate frequency even radiofrequency signal are handled.Please refer to Layer, D.H.; " Digital radio takes to the road, ", Spectrum, IEEE, Volume:38, Issue:7, Page (s): 40-46 (list of references 5).
As seen from the above analysis, software radio and digital radio also all are to be based upon on the basis of modulated carrier and frequency conversion.
Wireless communications mode with the modulation carrier wave is different, and impulse radio (impulse radio) technology is to utilize the digital signal pulse signals to carry out " modulation " such as amplitude, positions as a kind of implementation pattern of super broad band radio communication.This pattern is considered to a kind of " carrierfree " (carrier-less) pattern usually, but still needs baseband signal that the formed carrier signal of ultra-wideband pulse is modulated, and then carries out message transmission and reception.As: Byunghoo Jung et al., " Pulse generator design for UWB IR communicationsystems, " Circuits and Systems, 2005,4381-4384 Vol.5 (list of references 6); The Malong, " a kind of new UWB-IR communication system, " Polytechnics of PLA journal (natural science edition), 2007 04 phases (list of references 7) based on the chaos pulse position modulation.
In sum, traditional radio transmission system or be based upon modulated carrier and the basis of frequency conversion on, perhaps need modulate the carrier signal of ultra-wideband pulse.Frequency conversion or modulation are the patterns that is adopted in all conventional wireless electrical signal transmission systems.
Also be at present the 4th generation (4G) mobile communication technology of development phase in the world; Because require system to have the reconfigurability between the different wireless communication pattern; Such as; Growing apart from the restructural between handset mode and the short-distance radio connection mode, thereby related system also need be based upon on the pattern basis of modulated carrier.Because the information of computer system and optical fiber telecommunications system all is with the stored in form of digital signal or in optical fiber, transmits, the 4G radio communication also still can't realize radio communication and digital computer and the direct interconnected and message transmission between the optical fiber communication.
Learn based on above analysis; Still not having a kind of wireless communication system so far is to be based upon the high speed baseband digital signal is carried out on the Digital Signal Processing basis; To digital signal encode form transmission code after, directly through the full-digital broadband wireless transmission of digital signal being amplified, emission, transmission and reception realize information.Wireless communications method and system that the present invention proposes are based upon on the basis of coding of high speed baseband digital signal; Can realization and computer system and optical fiber telecommunications system between direct wireless connections, and have the ability of the above wireless transmission rate of per second 1 gigabit.But technology implementation structure of the present invention is simple, cost is low, high transfer rate, compatible strong wireless communication system, thus be the 5th generation (5G) full-digital broadband mobile communication technology a kind of possible solution is provided.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of full-digital broadband method of wireless communication and system based on digital signal encoding; Be on the basis of labor various method of wireless communication of tradition and system pattern; A kind of broadband wireless communication method and system of directly amplifying and transmitting based on high speed baseband digital signal coding back proposed; Compare with the wireless communications mode of present maturation; Wireless communication system carrierfree of the present invention, no pulse, need not frequency conversion; Do not need modulation treatment yet, but directly amplify, launch, transmit and receive after forming transmission code through the high speed baseband digital signal is encoded, thus implementation structure simply, the system of broadband wireless communication of low cost, high transfer rate.
Technical scheme provided by the invention be the high speed baseband digital signal at first encode form extended code and further waveform carried out conversion and forms transmission code after; Utilize the broadband wireless radio system directly transmission code to be carried out signal and amplify and transmission, and do not need radio carrier (comprising ultra-wideband pulse), digital signal in the legacy system the steps such as modulating/demodulating of carrier signal.Transmitting terminal at wireless communication system of the present invention forms transmission code through the high speed baseband digital signal is encoded, and after amplifying through wideband power amplifer, is transmitted into the space through broad-band antenna; Receiving terminal is antenna receiving signal from the broadband, is input to wideband low noise amplifier, and signal is input to high-speed sampler or analog-to-digital conversion device after amplifying through wideband low noise amplifier, is input to base band again and carries out signal processing.System of the present invention does not transmit and receive after need not being loaded into the high speed baseband digital signal on other radio carrier or the pulse signal; Thereby the radio frequency part of the transmitting terminal of native system need not up-conversion mixer and local oscillation signal, and the radio frequency part of the receiving terminal of native system need not down-conversion mixer and local oscillation signal.
Cataloged procedure to the high speed baseband digital signal in the system schema of the present invention is divided into following two steps:
First step is the sign indicating number that is expanded after the high speed baseband digital signal is expanded.Digital signal is a random sequence of high and low level normally, and wherein high level is usually with 1 representative, and low level is usually with 0 representative.Extended code is after original digital signal codes 1 and 0 being expanded to two or above code respectively, to form, and wherein comprises the high-low level component in the extended code simultaneously, such as, high level 1 is extended to 10 extended code, and low level 0 is extended to 01 extended code.Extended code has solved the problem that the formed low frequency component of high level (perhaps low level) (perhaps approximate DC component) of long sequence can't directly be launched, transmit and receive by radio system.Can't be except solving the single level underfrequency of long sequence by the problem of wireless transmission, extended code can expand to high-frequency signal with the low-frequency digital signal under some situation simultaneously.The effect of extended code is under the situation that does not influence signal integrity, moves the low frequency component of digital signal to front end, and the frequency band of the digital signal that needs transmission is dropped in certain bandwidth range.
Second step is waveform transformation.The extended code that the high speed baseband digital signal forms obtains transmission code after then handling through waveform transformation.Transmission code is with the extended code of digital signal (can be counted as the square-wave pulse sequence), carries out obtaining after the conversion through filter paired pulses waveform.This waveform transformation is on the basis that does not influence signal integrity, and the high fdrequency component of digital signal waveform is accepted or rejected.Transmission code behind the waveform transformation is compared the bandwidth that has reduced transmission signals (at front end) with extended code, thereby has reduced the bandwidth requirement of system to radio-frequency transmissions and receiving terminal.The formation of transmission code need be in compression extended code bandwidth, and does not introduce extra intersymbol interference, and this function is to realize through specific filter.
The transmitting terminal structure of system of the present invention: the high-speed digital signal of base band (having carried needs information transmitted), its signal amplitude usually tens millivolts (mV) or below magnitude.After digital signal encoding being carried out extension process and forming transmission code, directly the power amplifier through the broadband is amplified to hundreds of millivolts or above magnitudes with the amplitude of transmission code digital signal, launches through broad-band antenna then.
The receiving terminal structure of system of the present invention: after broad-band antenna receives radio signal, amplify, be input to high-speed sampler then and sample and the analog/digital signal conversion, be input to base band at last and carry out signal processing through wideband low noise amplifier.
Can realize digital, the carrierfree of the direct wireless transmission of high speed baseband digital signal, transmission and reception, no frequency conversion, not have the modulation system of broadband wireless communication through above system.
Under most applicable cases, baseband digital signal is to adopt binary zero and 1 expression.Wherein, 0 represents low level (such as the no-voltage that adopts usually), and 1 represents high level.High-order system such as ternary 1,0 and-1 also is used in some cases.Wherein ,-1 represent amplitude absolute value identical with 1 level, but opposite polarity level.
Through above-mentioned high speed baseband digital signal coding techniques and corresponding system configuration, can realize wireless transmit, transmission and the reception of basic digital signal.In order further to increase power system capacity, to increase band utilization efficient; Can utilize different periods, the difformity of high-speed digital signal series; Phase place and the position etc. that comprise time constant, the waveform of various signals amplitude, rising/trailing edge; Constitute different information transfer channels, thereby realize multi-user, multichannel wireless communication system.
Can know that through above analysis the back is encoded directly through the wideband power amplifer amplification to the high speed baseband digital signal by system of the present invention, launches through broad-band antenna; Receiving terminal in system, radio signals transmitted amplify through wideband low noise amplifier after being received by broad-band antenna, deliver to base band through high-speed sampler or analog-to-digital conversion device again and carry out signal processing.The present invention has avoided the pulse generator in the necessary device of demodulation structure in the traditional wireless communication pattern such as frequency mixer and the pulse wireless power mode, thereby implementation structure is simple, low cost, the system of broadband wireless communication of high transfer rate.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of major part in the system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is traditional direct upconversion transmitter structure (list of references 1);
Fig. 3 is traditional zero intermediate frequency reciver structure (list of references 1);
Fig. 4 is that digital signal is without the transmission situation of waveform transformation in system, square-wave signal speed 1Gbps, the highest frequency 1GHz of system;
Fig. 5 random digital signal is without the transmission situation of waveform transformation in system, square-wave signal speed 1Gbps, the maximum operating frequency 1GHz of system;
Fig. 6 random digital signal is without the transmission situation of waveform transformation in system, square-wave signal speed 1Gbps, system works bandwidth 1-5GHz;
Transmission situation behind Fig. 7 random digital signal process waveform transformation formation transmission code in system, square-wave signal speed 1Gbps, the maximum operating frequency 1GHz of system.
Have among above Fig. 1:
10-baseband digital signal generation systems
The 11-transmission code
The wideband power amplifer of 12-transmitting terminal
The broad-band antenna of 13-transmitting terminal
The broad-band antenna of 14-receiving terminal
The wideband low noise amplifier of 15-receiving terminal
The high-speed sampler module of 16-receiving terminal
The digital signal processing module of 17-receiving terminal
Have among Fig. 2:
The 20-digital signal
The 21-radio carrier
Signal after the 22-modulation frequency conversion
The 23-local oscillation signal
The 24-phase shifter
The 25-frequency mixer
Have among Fig. 3:
The 30-local oscillation signal
The 31-phase shifter
The 32-frequency mixer.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the system's transmitting terminal part (left side) and the receiving terminal part (the right) of broadband wireless communications of the present invention.Transmitting terminal part in system of the present invention, having carried needs the high speed of transmission information baseband digital signal, with square-wave signal or other pulse signal form, is input to transmitting terminal.The frequency of this high speed baseband digital signal can comprise the above radio frequency of hundreds of megahertz, microwave, millimeter-wave frequency etc.In the digital signal; With a kind of long sequence information of level corresponding low frequency or near dc information; In order to realize the wireless receiving and dispatching of information; At first original baseband digital signal is encoded, promptly digital signal is expanded with shape adjustments and handled, thereby convert digital signal the transmission code of certain frequency width into.
At receiver section, after the signal that broad-band antenna receives is amplified by wideband low noise amplifier, utilize high-speed sampler that signal is sampled and the analog/digital signal conversion, send follow-up baseband circuit again to and carry out signal processing.
In the whole system, power amplifier, low noise amplifier, and the frequency response bandwidth of antenna need satisfy corresponding system bandwidth requirement.
In above system, adopt following several modes can realize multi-user, multichannel communication.Utilize the different time sections of digital signal sequences, can realize the Time Division Multiplexing system.Utilize the difformity of digital signal (like square wave and other pulses), comprise amplitude, the time of rising/trailing edge, the difference of position (or phase place), portability more information.
Above-described digital carrierfree system of broadband wireless communication has the function that realizes the wireless connections between the computer.Simultaneously, because the transmission of information also is to adopt the digitlization pattern, native system also has with the directly compatible characteristic of optical fiber communication, thereby realizes the wireless connections between the optical fiber communication in optical fiber communication.In addition, the on-chip interconnect of digital integrated circuit chip (interconnect) also can realize that wireless is gone up interconnected through the native system pattern.
Above-described embodiment only is technological thought and the characteristics for explanation patent of the present invention; And can not with qualification claim of the present invention; Every equalization of doing according to the thought that patent of the present invention disclosed changes or modifies, and must be encompassed in the protection range of this patent claims.
Fig. 1 is the core of full-digital broadband wireless communication system architecture proposed by the invention.The system's transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal of broadband wireless communications of the present invention are as shown in Figure 1, and wherein transmitting terminal comprises: transmission code 11, the wideband power amplifer 12 of transmitting terminal and the broad-band antenna 13 of transmitting terminal that baseband digital signal generation systems 10, coding back form; Receiving terminal comprises: the high-speed sampler module 16 of the broad-band antenna 14 of receiving terminal, the wideband low noise amplifier 15 of receiving terminal, receiving terminal and the digital signal processing module 17 of receiving terminal; The transmitting terminal of system is with after forming transmission code 11 behind high speed baseband digital signal 10 (like square-wave signal) process coding formation extended code and the waveform transformation, is directly inputted to the wideband power amplifer 12 of transmitting terminal.
Fig. 2 is traditional direct upconversion transmitter structure.Wherein: digital signal 20 loads signal 22 emissions after radio carrier 21 forms the modulation frequency conversion; Local oscillation signal 23 is through phase shifter 24 adjustment; Be loaded into radiofrequency signal through frequency mixer 25 again, after amplifying through power amplifier through the radiofrequency signal of mixing and modulation, launch through antenna.
Fig. 3 is traditional zero intermediate frequency reciver structure.Wherein: the radiofrequency signal that antenna receives is through behind the low noise amplifier, and local oscillation signal 30 through frequency mixer 32, is converted into low frequency signal through phase shifter 31 adjustment, sends subsequent conditioning circuit again to and handles.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are compared the back discovery, adopt the conventional modulated carrier mode of frequency conversion, its characteristic all is to need the radio carrier signal, and need carry out frequency translation; And structure proposed by the invention does not need frequency conversion, and does not need other radio carrier.
Below, we are example with the binary system, labor technic relization scheme of the present invention and technological novelty.For the situation of high-order system, can do similar expansion according to binary system.
The technological novelty that coding techniques of the present invention had is mainly reflected in the control to the radio frequency bandwidth of wireless system.Wherein, extended code can be avoided low frequency (perhaps near the direct current) component in the digital signal, and waveform transformation has then been avoided the high fdrequency component in the square wave digital signal.
About the high fdrequency component of digital signal, hereinafter is that example describes with strict periodic square wave signal.Under 0 and 1 binary system system, strict periodic square-wave signal usefulness (... 01010101 ...) infinite sequence represent.In order to keep waveform roughly constant at the strict periodic square-wave signal of receiving terminal reduction, receiving terminal need comprise 5 order harmonic components of square wave fundamental component at least.For example, if base band square-wave signal fundamental frequency is 1GHz, the then amplifier of system's transmitting terminal, antenna, and the amplifier of receiving terminal need cover the frequency band range of 1-5GHz.Otherwise when system bandwidth does not reach corresponding requirements, the square-wave signal high fdrequency component will be lost, signal generation distortion, and then interfering with each other between the code element before and after causing, promptly produce so-called intersymbol interference (Inter-symbol interference, ISI).If cause the baseband digital signal frequency further to rise and adopt time division multiplex system, multiple signals to merge transmission, the bandwidth that requires will will cause more serious ISI with 5 times speed increment.More than the explanation periodic square wave signal is to the requirement of system bandwidth at front end.
And the bandwidth of system low frequency end corresponding another one extreme.When running into a very long same sequence of levels, such as 1000 high level (... 11111111 ...), the width of the square wave that it is corresponding will be very wide (be individual signals 1000 times), can cause underfrequency in this case and exceed the system bandwidth scope.Such signal is because underfrequency even might can't launch through antenna.
Thereby; How to realize that signal or the approaching periodic square-wave signal of the digital baseband signal of combination in any particularly being grown the same level of sequence carry out wireless transmission; And the radio frequency bandwidth of system is controlled at certain bandwidth range, becomes a core technology difficult problem of the present invention.
Through being encoded, the high speed baseband digital signal accomplishes the control of corresponding signal bandwidth among the present invention.Wherein the coding to digital signal is divided into expansion and two steps of waveform transformation.Above process can be regarded frequency conversion and modulated process with radio frequency part in the conventional wireless transmission system as, changes into the encoding process of baseband digital signal.But digital signal is encoded and formed the transmission code of the wireless transmission with certain bandwidth, is core technology of the present invention, also is the fundamental difference of this wireless transmitting system with other conventional wireless transmission system.
The expansion of digital signal is formed extended code, is the source code sequence with the high speed baseband digital signal, expands the back and forms the respective extension sign indicating number.Such as, the level of source code is extended to a composite sequence that contains high and low level (no-voltage) combination, forms extended code.The simplest a kind of composite sequence is that source code 1 is expanded to two transmission codes 10 that high-low level is formed, and source code 0 expands to two transmission codes 01.The figure place of extended code is not limited to two, and with respect to source code, the code combination that contains high-low level simultaneously all can be used as extended code.The extended code that forms by this way, receiving terminal will decide the actual level of acceptance with the level situation of change: level is jumped by high level, and then to represent the signal that receives to low level be 1, on the contrary then the signal that receives of representative is 0.
After above-mentioned short sequence extension formation extended code is carried out in source code; Because contain high-low level in the extended code; The raw digital signal that can guarantee long sequence contains high-low level after changing into extended code, and long high level or low level sequence can not take place.Though its speed of extended code sequence becomes the twice of former base band digital signal, the low-limit frequency of extended code is the transmission rate of raw baseband signal before the expansion.So just, solve the problem that long unique sequence causes underfrequency, helped the design and the realization of radio system.
The other a kind of method that forms extended code is to introduce separator.When running into a very long high level signal 1, every at a distance from one or several derations of signal, insert a low level separator signals s.The level of this separator s and the level 0 of representing source code have different characteristic, such as, the time width of level is different.Thereby system will judge separator according to the low level of this different in width.Such as, a baseband signal sequence (01101111111001), the introducing through separator is expressed as (011011s11s11s1001).Here, be whenever to introduce a separator at a distance from two high level.Through the introducing of separator, a very long high level can be separated into short sequence signal, and by wireless transmit and reception.
After forming extended code, next procedure is that digital signal is carried out waveform transformation.This process replaces the demanding square wave of frequency band is formed final transmission code with the narrow waveform of frequency band.The impulse waveform that is used for replacing square wave is according to Nyquist Signaling rule, can with other pulse overlaps of front and back, but when needing to guarantee that a certain pulse reaches peak value, other pulses are 0 in the value of this point.Through above method, the time domain width of having expanded on the one hand pulse reduces its frequency bandwidth, and success has avoided intersymbol interference on the other hand.The waveform that satisfies above-mentioned condition all is called as the signal of anti-Qwest the (Nyquist Signal), and raised cosine (RaisedCosine) signal becomes application signal form the most widely because it reaches balanced preferably in every respect.And this method realization is comparatively simple, and transmitting terminal and receiving terminal adding " Root-Raised-Cosine " filter can be realized above-mentioned waveform transformation in system.
Waveform transformation can reduce the required bandwidth of system greatly under the situation that does not influence transmission performance.With the extension process acting in conjunction, accomplished processing to the original base band digital signal.
The cataloged procedure to the original base band digital signal has been accomplished in the above extension process and the combination of waveform transformation.Cataloged procedure will be expanded and waveform adjustment source code, can be by the transmission code that has the emission of certain bandwidth RF system, transmission and receive thereby form.
Specific embodiment one: in order to prove feasibility of the present invention, we carry out technical identification to system configuration proposed by the invention and function.
Core technology thought of the present invention comprises two main aspects:
First aspect; Be to deliver to antenna emission transmission after the high speed baseband digital signal is directly amplified by wideband power amplifer; Receive the back Direct Sampling at receiving terminal by wide-band amplifier and recover original signal, do not have traditional carrier modulation process in the whole process, simplified system configuration to a certain extent.
Second aspect is to form transmission code through coding and conversion to the high speed baseband digital signal, thereby reduces the bandwidth of radio system, realizes the wireless transmitting system of low error rate.Wherein, the coding of digital signal is comprised two steps, first step is that digital signal is expanded the formation extended code, and second step is extended code to be carried out waveform transformation form transmission code.Wherein the effect of extended code is the digital signal low frequency, and the perhaps long single level of sequence after high level sequence (near direct current signal) expansion, is moved the low frequency component of digital signal front end and formed the radio-frequency signal of certain bandwidth.The effect of waveform transformation is the bandwidth (high fdrequency component of compressed signal) of compression digital signal; Thereby; Make the speed of radio system not need several times under the situation of baseband digital signal speed; Such as, under bandwidth situation, just can realize the no error rate (perhaps low error rate) transmission of information near data signal rate.
Below, we combine a concrete system, and above step is verified.
Transmitting terminal in system; At first with the high speed baseband digital signal formation extended code of encoding; And after further waveform being carried out conversion process formation transmission code, utilizing a wideband power amplifer that the digital signal of transmission code is amplified, the signal after the amplification is transmitted into the space by broad-band antenna.
Receiving terminal in system, the signal from transmitting terminal sends receives through the antenna that is received end after the transmission attenuation of space, is amplified by wideband low noise amplifier then.Be input to base band after signal process high-speed sampler sampling after the amplification and analog/digital signal transform and carry out signal processing.
For the transmission ends of system, we at first consider how to utilize extended code to realize the transmission of long code sequence or low frequency signal.For baseband digital signal, the high level that a kind of possibility situation is long sequence or approaching infinite long sequence (... 111111 ...).This sequence can be regarded as the very low radio signal of frequency (perhaps near direct current signal), and in traditional wireless transmitting system, this sequence must be modulated on the high-frequency radio frequency signal and could launch.The pairing low frequency signal of the high level of this long sequence can't directly be launched as radio signal and transmitted.For the direct transmission of the high level sign indicating number that solves long sequence, we at first expand this sign indicating number, thereby form extended code.The formation of extended code is in original high level 1, introduces the expansion of two 10 (perhaps 01) coding, form (... 10101010101010 ...) extended code of sequence.Through extended code, make original high level sequence (... 111111 ...) low frequency signal, be extended to a high frequency radio signal, thereby can be launched by transmitting terminal.
We next consider long sequence high level (... 111111 ...) emission situation after expansion.A kind of simple consideration is that high frequency (radio) signal after the expansion is directly launched, and without the waveform transformation step.To extended code signal input rate is that the simulation result of 1Gbps is as shown in Figure 4.
In Fig. 4-Fig. 7; Axis of ordinates Vin is the extended code time domain plethysmographic signal, and Vs is the signal that is emitted to the space after the power amplifier signal amplification through transmitting terminal, and Vout is the output signal of receiving terminal low noise amplifier; Wherein, the unit of voltage Vin, Vs, Vout is mV.Axis of abscissas among the figure is the time, and unit is nanosecond (ns).
Because a strict periodic square wave sequence that the extended code of long sequence is corresponding (... 10101010101010 ...); It has comprised infinite many odd harmonic components in theory; Recover square-wave signal if hope the distortion factor than the lowland, need comprise its 5 order harmonic components at least.If base band square-wave signal fundamental frequency is 1GHz, then system bandwidth will reach 5GHz.Thereby, for the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal of a specific bandwidth, such as, under the situation of the bandwidth of radio system near digital signal, because high fdrequency component is lost generation intersymbol interference and wave distortion.Such as; For a maximum operating frequency be 1GHz transmitting terminal and receiving terminal system; The HFS of signal is by filtering, and coding forms extended code after the Vs that transmits that the overpower amplifier amplifies, and the reception signal Vout that amplifies through low noise amplifier at receiving terminal; Its waveform all is the sinusoidal waveform of approximate regulation, rather than the square wave of coding back formation.Under above situation, there is distortion in system but still can recovers the raw information of required transmission at receiving terminal.
Above case is explained in the digital signal of needs transmission, when containing under the long sequence high level situation, how to form the radio signal of a high frequency through extended code, thereby is launched, transmits and receive by system of the present invention.For the high level of an infinite long sequence, will form the infinite low level of growing tall (the 10 or 01) periodic sequence of a strictness after the expansion.More than this situation only corresponding a kind of limiting case, baseband digital signal form more generally is the random sequence that is similar to.
Next we verify the transmission problem of the extended code of corresponding approximate random sequence.When extended code be an approximate random sequence (... 010010110101 ...); And no longer be the rule square wave the time; For the Vin input rate is the time domain plethysmographic signal of the extended code of 1Gbps, is that simulation result is as shown in Figure 5 in the wireless transmitting terminals receiving terminal system of 1GHz in maximum operating frequency.At this moment since transmission course medium-high frequency component by filtering, under this bandwidth RF system, will produce serious intersymbol interference and cause wave distortion.The strict periodic square wave of discussing above being different from error code will occur at some point after receiving terminal is sampled recovery to received signal.And for fear of this error code occurring, a kind of method is the radio frequency bandwidth of raising system, comprises the amplifier of amplifier, antenna and the receiving terminal of transmitting terminal.Such as, when we brought up to 5GHz to the bandwidth of radio system, the simulation result of system was as shown in Figure 6.Owing to bandwidth increases, at this moment to transmit and receive signal to have comprised required frequency component basically, the time domain waveform rise and fall are along steepening, near square wave.
Above presentation of results; Form the extended code of an approximate random sequence for the coding back; Can through the operating frequency of radio system (comprising transmitting terminal, antenna, receiving terminal) is brought up to 5 times of the digital signal data transmission rate or more than, when bandwidth is enough wide, realize the no error code transmission of system signal.
But along with the increase of radio system bandwidth, the complexity of system and cost are also corresponding to increase considerably.Another one important technology thought of the present invention is the technology through waveform transformation, and the less pulse of dedicated bandwidth replaces the square-wave pulse of extended code to form transmission code, thereby reduces the needed bandwidth of radio system.
Among the present invention extended code being carried out the function that waveform transformation forms transmission code realizes through in system, adding " raised cosine filter (Root-Raised-Cosine Filter) ".Through created symbol speed is the raised cosine filter of digital rate twice, transmits after filtering forms transmission code through extended code is carried out again.Such as, be the digital signal of 1Gbps for bit rate, through character rate formed transmission code behind the raised cosine filter of 2GHz, be the signal simulation result of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal of 1GHz is as shown in Figure 7 in the maximum operating frequency of radio system.We relatively handle the result of (Fig. 7) and the situation of not handling through raised cosine filter (Fig. 5) through raised cosine filter; It is thus clear that raised cosine filter compresses the extended code frequency band, reduced the required bandwidth of system under the situation that does not produce intersymbol interference.Thereby, through the introducing of raised cosine filter of the present invention, can transmit the low error rate that 5 times of bandwidth RF systems of original needs just can realize, near 1 times of bandwidth RF system, just can realize.Through reducing the bandwidth of radio system, can reduce the complexity and the cost of system greatly.
In addition, consider the difference of the signal of different frequency, through raised cosine filter waveform is carried out conversion and form the bandwidth that transmission code reduces radio system,, having more advantage aspect the reduction error rate than simple increase system bandwidth in the space attenuation degree.
Claims (10)
- One kind based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method; It is characterized in that: this broadband wireless communication method is that directly amplification, emission, transmission and the reception through the high speed baseband digital signal realizes high speed baseband digital signal wireless transmission through after the high speed baseband digital signal being carried out encoding process formation transmission code.
- 2. according to claim 1 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method; It is characterized in that: the transmitting terminal digital signal encoding of this broadband wireless communication method is divided into expansion and two steps of waveform transformation, and sign indicating number and transmission code successively are expanded.
- 3. according to claim 2 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method; It is characterized in that: extended code is that the source code of digital signal is expanded, and the level of source code is extended to a composite sequence that contains high and low level combination.
- 4. according to claim 2 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method; It is characterized in that: extended code is in source code, to introduce separator, inserts after the same level of every defined amount continuously and basic code element separator all inequality.
- 5. according to claim 2 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method, it is characterized in that: transmission code is after extended code is carried out waveform transformation, replaces wide band square wave with the impulse waveform of narrow-band.
- 6. according to claim 5 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method, it is characterized in that: the impulse waveform that is used for substituting square wave is the signal of anti-the Qwest, makes waveform transformation not introduce extra intersymbol interference.
- 7. according to claim 5 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method, it is characterized in that: waveform transformation is realized through in the 5th generation system of broadband wireless communication based on digital signal encoding, adding raised cosine filter.
- 8. according to claim 2 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation broadband wireless communications method; It is characterized in that: expansion and having finished dealing with of waveform transformation the cataloged procedure of original base band digital signal; Cataloged procedure will be expanded and waveform transformation source code, and formation can be by the transmission code that has the emission of certain bandwidth RF system, transmission and receive.
- One kind based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation system of broadband wireless communication; It is characterized in that: should based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation system of broadband wireless communication transmitting terminal; Through high speed baseband digital signal coding is formed transmission code; After the wideband power amplifer amplification, be transmitted into the space through broad-band antenna; The receiving terminal of this system of broadband wireless communication, the signal that receives from broad-band antenna is input to wideband low noise amplifier, is input to high-speed sampler or analog-to-digital conversion device after amplifying through wideband low noise amplifier, is input to base band again and carries out signal processing.
- 10. according to claim 9 based on digital signal encoding the 5th generation system of broadband wireless communication, it is characterized in that: the emission ends branch of this system of broadband wireless communication comprises: baseband digital signal generation systems, wideband power amplifer and broad-band antenna; The receiving terminal of this system of broadband wireless communication partly comprises: broad-band antenna, wideband low noise amplifier, high-speed sampler module and digital signal processing module.
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| CN102111185A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 爱斯泰克（上海）高频通讯技术有限公司 | Method and system for multi-user all-digital broadband wireless communication |
| CN107634778A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-26 | 普天智能照明研究院有限公司 | Pulse signal transmission system and transmission method with width degree |
| CN112219355A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-01-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | High-speed digital signal synthesizer |
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| CN102983876B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2016-09-28 | 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 | A kind of ultra-wideband communication system |
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| US7020215B2 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2006-03-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reducing transmitter peak power requirements using dual matrices |
| JP4659621B2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2011-03-30 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | Wireless transmitter |
| CN101599773A (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2009-12-09 | 东南大学 | Directly amplify and the broadband wireless communication method that transmits based on digital signal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102111185A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 爱斯泰克（上海）高频通讯技术有限公司 | Method and system for multi-user all-digital broadband wireless communication |
| CN107634778A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-26 | 普天智能照明研究院有限公司 | Pulse signal transmission system and transmission method with width degree |
| CN112219355A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-01-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | High-speed digital signal synthesizer |
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