CN102383931A

CN102383931A - High-efficiency and energy-saving engine with sliding oblique frame

Info

Publication number: CN102383931A
Application number: CN201110190136XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余秀生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-06-28
Filing date: 2011-06-28
Publication date: 2012-03-21

Abstract

The invention relates to application of the secondary improvement of a crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism on an engine. On the basis of a sliding type connecting rod and crankshaft transmission mechanism, the vertical fixation between a rectangular frame at the rear end of a connecting end and the connecting rod is changed into oblique fixation in a pitching-up and protracting-back manner, the upper ends and the lower ends of two supporting bodies are sliding surfaces, the obliquely fixed rectangular frame makes a top dead point be brought forward, and the thrust direction of the connecting rod and the coordination angle of the crankshaft are changed, so that the changed direction of the connecting rod is advantageous for promoting thrust force to change in the direction of rotary force, for example, compared with a round crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism, the improved crankshaft and connecting rod transmission mechanism with the gradient of 45 degrees in the invention has the advantage of saving energy by one third. The improved crankshaft and connecting rod transmission mechanism disclosed by the invention is suitable for various diesel engines, gasoline engines and air compressors with crankshafts.

Description

Oblique frame slip energy-saving efficient engine

One, technical field the invention belongs to the application of connecting rod on motor after secondary improves, and can increase substantially transmission efficiency, cuts the waste, energy efficient.

Two, the connecting rod that generally uses at present of background technique all exists efficiency of heat engine and the low excessively problem of transmission efficiency as diesel engine, petrol engine, the compressor of the kind of drive; As the peak of diesel engine be no more than 45%, petrol engine lower about 30%, energy over half has been wasted in rotation process.The claimant is finding through serious analysis: problem appears at the bent axle kind of drive itself.Change the also instrument of transferring power mutually because bent axle is straight line motion and circular movement, and the optimum orientation of two kinds of motion modes has nothing in common with each other: when the bent axle core was in top dead center, connecting rod and crank were in line.And the rotation of bent axle core requires the thrust of connecting rod vertical with crank for best below crank; The transmission direction of connecting rod just in time becomes 90 ° just the opposite and is the poorest position with crank, some moments of torsion can not produce yet, and are called as the dead point.The characteristics of the kind of drive of this connecting rod: top dead center must be on cylinder center; The thrust of piston must just can make bent axle just change more than top dead center; The thrust that below top dead center, produces can make bent axle produce counter-rotating, and the bent axle core leaves top dead center like this, the fit angle of continuous change and connecting rod under the piston thrust effect; Vertically become best angle up to crank with connecting rod, need a process.Whole working stroke is broken down into the transmission effect since 0, is increased to 90 ° of maximum values gradually and gets back to 0 again, and its effective value can only be peaked half the.As can be seen from Figure 1; When connecting rod and Qu Chuizhi; Only be actual maximum value rather than theoretic maximum value, because connecting rod is cooperating rotation with crank, connecting rod and cylinder center angle occurred and constantly variation, maximum value reach 15 ° (s195); Account for 90 ° 16.5%, resolution of forces, energy loss inevitably can be caused in this angle.Because also reach gradually since 0 °, its mean value is Just One Of Those Things half 8.25% also, if still calculate with 45%, the engine efficiency of holding of loss is 8.25 * 45%=3.7.Therefore drift angle, the efficiency of heat engine that if can eliminate connecting rod just can reach maximum value 45%+3.7%=48.7% in theory, energy-conservation about 8%.

Because not enough to crank-connecting rod transmission mechanical analysis, cause some documents and people that the low excessively reason of efficiency of heat engine is existed misunderstanding, as to think that frictional loss, dispel the heat loss and useful horsepower account for about three/once lacking logic basis.Because the known coefficient of sliding friction only accounts for 1/20th promptly 5%, the active force in the hot machine is mainly at main shaft, wherein four strokes only working stroke just produce maximum force; This one stroke also just begins to be maximum what produce thrust; Along with the change of fit angle, power arm increases gradually, the continuous decline of pressure later on; All be that constant force or the gravity that process and a friction factor is from large to small represented is not the one thing.In fact the frictional force of main shaft and camshaft consumption does not far reach 5%.Let alone 1/3rd.The heat radiation loss does not more have basis, because the rotating speed that starts forwards more than 30 between the commentaries on classics reached at per second hundred commentaries on classics that petrol engine is high at per second 10.In the moment of 1/10th to one centiseconds, heat can shed 1/3rd, and high performance like this Heat Conduction Material not also at present says that at least iron and aluminium certainly can not.The action principle of motor is a thrust of utilizing heat energy to produce, and the process of acting is the loss and the utilization of thrust.Though have residual pressure and heat to discharge, that just accounts for the ratio of compression ratio, diesel engine is about 1/20th, and petrol engine sixth to ten/one does not far reach 1/3rd.So the reason that efficiency of heat engine is low is that this kind of drive must be 0 to begin to get back to 0 again to maximum value and give a discount and to cause from moment of torsion, changes the low approach of efficiency of heat engine and must be and follow this and advance.The fit angle that changes connecting rod and crank is unique selection.

Just be based on above analysis result; I had designed " sliding type crankshaft-linking rod drive mechanism " in 2007; " like Fig. 2 " changes former connecting rod connnecting rod big end is the fixing box of rod rear end with bent axle rotation and bob; This frame only slides before and after in the set up and down slideway in body and does not beat; The bent axle core slides up and down in frame under the effect of counterpart, its in length and breadth the track of coordinate points formed the rotational circle of bent axle, do not changing the exchange that has realized two kinds of motoricity modes under the prerequisite that connecting rod and bent axle core contact transfer function power face-to-face equally.Because this kind of drive connecting rod frame receives the control of slideway and cylinder, the always parallel sensing bent axle of active force with regard to the energy dissipation that cause the drift angle of having avoided former connecting rod, reaches the purpose of energy efficient.

On August 17th, 2010, I receive a boss's of individual enterprise not acquainted with each other subsidy, with the new kind of drive diesel engine of the former 12 horsepower diesels transformation of the way; Except that body welded with steel plate, changed in tens places, maximally utilises original fitting; Wherein, the transmission accessory that plays a crucial role, leans on manual the making fully at connecting rod frame, slideway, counterpart; Only depend on slide calliper rule and turn chi and make measuring tool, last 8 months, start successfully smoothly on May 4th, 2011.Repair shop bavin master worker inspection through adjacent diesel engine, transmission is normal, oil circuit is normal, startup is normal.It is not enough just to make validity by hand, and detection is nonconforming certainly, but suffices to show that it is success fully that the fixing frame slip kind of drive is used for motor.

In trial-manufacturing process, I am not content with about 8% energy-saving effect, and expectation can have new breakthrough, make the new kind of drive more energy-conservation.The sliding type crankshaft-link rod kind of drive; Because the box and the connecting rod vertical fixing of rod rear end, still on cylinder center, promptly connecting rod and crank are in line top dead center; Crank leaves when ending 90 °; The thrust direction of piston is also vertical with crank, has just maximally utilised crank length, the waste of having avoided the connecting rod drift angle to cause.Since changing the fit angle of connecting rod and crank is unique selection; Make so and face upward into oblique shape before the box top and fix; The thrust of piston just can produce side force upwards under the effect on inclined-plane; Effect so that better angle increase is rotated crank makes more thrust be converted into the rotating force of crank.Analyze discovery through drawing; In case rectangular frame is faced upward tiltedly, top dead center can leave cylinder center reach, and it is big more to face upward oblique angle, and the angle of reach is also big more.As tilting 45 °, also in advance 45 ° of lower dead center are also corresponding shifts to an earlier date same angle for top dead center.(as shown in Figure 3), rectangular frame face upward oblique 45 °, and top dead center moves forward to the A point by the B point, the also corresponding C point that moves forward to of lower dead center.Like this, face upward when oblique for so-called 45 °, rectangular frame and bent axle core are not to cooperate at the B point; Rather than at first work as top dead center at the A point, increase angle gradually since 0 degree, when the bent axle core moves at B ' by the A point; Pass point at B ' to B; Rectangular frame becomes 45 ° and the cooperation of bent axle core, and whether this position reach of going up lower dead center has energy-conserving action, still lacks theoretic support.Find that through vertical frame and the contrast of facing upward oblique frame dual mode if liken the thrust of piston to sunlight, bent axle is exactly the sunlight dash receiver so, just should carry on the back south, north and put for accepting sunlight to greatest extent.No matter but crankshaft & connecting or the transmission of sliding type vertical frame in the background technique; Top dead center is all on cylinder center; Be equivalent to the solar panel back of the body and put in the west in the east, the sunlight in the morning can not be accepted, and after spending noon, just works; Equal to have been wasted the sunlight of all the morning, this also is another rationale of the half the energy of background technique waste.Change into like this face upward oblique frame fixing after, face upward oblique 45 ° and just equal to rotate 45 ° to former solar panel eastwards towards the west, make the chance increase by 25% that receives sunlight, increase to 75% by half, the sunlight acceptable effect just increases by 25%.From another angle analysis; Box is faced upward oblique 45 °, and 45 ° in advance of top dead centers also are to increase fit angle gradually since 0; After returning to cylinder center; Changed into 25% piston thrust the rotating force of bent axle, and (45 ° is best 90 ° half the, because of be from 0 to 45 °, mean value should be half the half the be 25%).At this moment, two kinds of different modes have formed striking contrast.Dual mode in the background technique all is the beginning of transmitting and converting, and background technique pressure height but is that transformation efficiency is low since 0; Facing upward oblique frame pressure low but is to begin from half of best mode, and efficient but substantially exceeds background technique.Background technique is 50% since 0 to maximum value, mean value; Facing upward oblique frame 50% is 75% to maximum value, mean value promptly since 45 °; Exceed background technique 25%, transform 25% earlier but face upward oblique frame previous pressure energy this moment, pressure is low just in time offsets with the ratio that exceeds; After this conversion effect of dual mode equates, faces upward the energy that oblique frame before transformed so and has just become energy-saving effect.Compare with former connecting rod 25% add change that the transmission of slip frame saves into 8%, total energy-saving effect has reached 33%, nearly 1/3rd.As can beappreciated from fig. 3, in certain scope, the big more energy-saving effect in oblique angle of facing upward oblique frame is just good more; As face upward oblique 60 °; The energy-saving effect of itself just can reach 33%, adds 8%, and it is excessive to reach 41%. oblique angles; Produce for design and add to the difficulties, energy-conservation 50 ° of left and right sides should be no problem more than 1/3rd.Theoretic demonstration has successfully expedited the emergence of a new kind of drive, and " sliding type crankshaft-linking rod drive mechanism " can only be abandoned as background technique.Diesel engine with " sliding type crankshaft-linking rod drive mechanism " transformation of the way is succeedd, for new driving mechanism provides reliable premise and real basis, because original crankshaft & connecting can not keep specific angle.Meet or exceed 50 ° if face upward the oblique angle, itself energy-saving effect can reach 27.5%, connecting rod relatively, and energy-saving effect can reach 35%, 2 jin of oil can work as 3 jin of oily usefulness, has equaled to find one to be equivalent to half elephant of global petroleum reserves.The hardships of 8 wheat harvesting periods test are cleared off by newfound happiness.

For petrol engine, the energy-saving effect of new transmission mode can be higher, and short because the petrol engine compression ratio is low, the stroke weak point equals power arm, the moment of generation is little, has limited the performance of energy; It is little that the increase stroke receives cylinder diameter again, the restriction that connecting rod swing is not opened.Fixedly frame kinematic link bob not can be realized the big stroke transmission of little cylinder diameter again, and energy-saving effect reaches 50% should be no problem.

Three, summary of the invention is in order to realize energy-conservation purpose to greatest extent, and the present invention improves again " sliding type crankshaft-linking rod drive mechanism ", be about to former and the box connecting rod vertical fixing change into face upward before the top stretch behind the bottom fixing; Two planes up and down that change former frame are slip surface, and for respectively establishing the sliding support body up and down with the frame length center, the support upper and lower end face is newly to establish slideway in sliding surface and the body up and down to match.Box only cooperates with the bent axle core makes the counterpart transferring power of in frame, sliding, and counterpart is that interior circle is outer square, and interior circle cooperates rotation, the oblique slip in box of two sliding surfaces of foreign side with the bent axle core.The present invention compares the advantage that is had with background technique: 1, facing upward down in the box of rod rear end, it is oblique fixing to stretch; Make top dead center with the corresponding reach of the dip angle of frame; Increased the time of bent axle core receiving piston thrust, changed the fit angle of whole working stroke box and bent axle core, made it to the direction variation that helps improving transmission efficiency; Transmission efficiency is increased with the dip angle of rectangular frame, reach the purpose that increases substantially efficiency of heat engine.2, the characteristics mini engine stroke that utilizes connecting rod of the present invention not beat can not influenced by cylinder diameter, strengthens stroke, realizes the big stroke of little cylinder diameter, and energy consumption is further reduced.3, transient equiliblium can be accomplished in counterpart and crank rear end, should help reducing the vibrations that cause of beating of former connnecting rod big end and make engine running steady.4, the kind of drive used of the present invention is used for compressor and can saves same energy consumption.

Four, this explanation of description of drawings has 3 width of cloth accompanying drawings, and Fig. 1 is former connecting rod schematic representation, and 1 is that connecting rod, 2 is crank among the figure, and 15 ° is S195 diesel engine connecting bar drift angle.Fig. 2 is a sliding type link lever crankshaft drive mechanism, and 1 is rectangular vertical fixing frame among the figure, and 2 is that bent axle core, 3 is that counterpart, 4 is that connecting rod, 5 is crank, and A, B, C, D are the relevant position of counterpart in rotation.Fig. 3 is the intent of the present invention, among the figure 1.Piston pin hole, 2 connecting rods, 3 are faced upward in the support on the oblique fixed length square frame, 4,5 lower supports, 6 bodies sliding way, 8 counterparts, 9 bent axle cores, 10 cranks, 11 rectangular frames in glide path, 7 bodies and are moved to bottom dead center position, the rectangular frame of 12 hypothesis and face upward oblique 60 ° of positions, 13, the 45 ° of dotted lines reach situation for top dead center when box is faced upward oblique 45 ° and lower dead center.

Five, specific embodiments embodiment of the present invention, 1, at first will be according to the diameter of bent axle core, the thickness that adds counterpart is confirmed the length of counterpart and wide.2, because the rod rear end of diesel engine and multi-cylinder gasoline engine all is the two halves assembly parts, thus need be longer relatively along the frame length direction with the bolton counterpart, and it is shorter relatively that sliding surface is only done on other two sides, long different with wide size.Confirm the inner width of rectangular frame and wide outward with the width of counterpart.3, the interior length of frame adds that by design runlength the length of counterpart adds gradient and leave suitable space definite.4, frame is combined by two-part; There is bolton at two ends, and conjuncted with last lower support respectively, and outer length adds that by interior length fastening screw required size decides; The both ends of the surface up and down of two supports should be parallel with cylinder center, slides smoothly in the up and down slideway that enables in body, to establish.The oblique frame after the combination and the vertical total height of support should add counterpart length and leave suitable space definite with design runlength; And be that the center is divided equally with the cylinder center, the counterpart height should keep former and bent axle core fit dimension frame height should make the counterpart can be in interior smooth slip.5, should to slide into design runlength before and after can be smoothly with lower support on the connecting rod frame be standard to the up and down slideway in the body.The general space of body upper is less, should increase to ability ground way position.6, two sliding surface neutral positions of ligand should be drilled with open-work so that the machine oil of bent axle core external pressure can pass lubricated, the heat radiation of the external sliding surface of counterpart.7, the machine oil supply that increases lubricated heat radiation because of sliding position of the present invention requires to increase; Should make oil pump speedup or thickening to satisfy the demand,, should change counterpart two sliding surfaces and support two sliding surfaces into the needle roller band to sliding surface as if possible; Increase the contact of rolling; Reduce the heat of having slided, increase heat radiation, favourable lubricated.8, make in the central position of top dead center time-frame and do not move forward to B ' point at B point owing to facing upward the reach of oblique frame top dead center, the position of cylinder also should adjust, and top dead center is unaffected is advisable with the top arrival of oblique frame.9, the length of connecting rod should be confirmed according to actual needs.Do not receive when 10, the rear end of body should guarantee oblique frame bottom to lower dead center to hinder and be as the criterion.11, because oblique frame transmission top dead center shifts to an earlier date, supply time also should be made corresponding adjustment and top dead center and be consistent.

Claims

1. tiltedly frame slip energy-saving efficient engine is that former connecting rod secondary improves the application of back on motor, and it is characterized in that: by bent axle, counterpart, the oblique connecting rod that is fixed with rectangular frame in rear end, the up and down slideway of establishing in the body is formed.

2. oblique frame slip energy-saving efficient engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: counterpart is that interior circle is outer square, and whole can be square; What split was made up is rectangular; Long two ends are processed with screw and perforation, and short two sides is a sliding surface, and the middle part is for respectively being processed with oil permeable hole.

3. oblique frame slip energy-saving efficient engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: rod rear end is to stretch oblique fixing rectangular frame after facing upward the bottom before the top, and frame divides two-part; Make up with bolton at two ends, each and last support, and lower support is conjuncted; Two supports are corresponding up and down, and two ends are sliding surface up and down, and two sliding surfaces should be parallel with cylinder center; The inner width of frame can hold counterpart and slide, and interior length can make counterpart slide into design runlength.

4. oblique frame slip energy-saving efficient engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the body inside crankshaft is each fixing fore-and-aft direction slideway up and down, makes the last lower support sliding surface of the oblique frame of rod rear end slide into design runlength in front and back.