Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of few, simple in structure to the corresponding components and parts demand of downhole power systems, for slurry power bidirectional control hydraulic system and the method for operating thereof of the guiding executing agency of rotary steerable drilling system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of slurry power bidirectional control hydraulic system for drilling well, is characterized in that: it comprises power leather bag device, No. two oil storage leather bag devices, electromagnetic valve, No. two electromagnetic valves and power piston cylinder; In described power piston cylinder, by piston rod and power piston, be divided into plunger shaft and rod end chamber; Described plunger shaft is by hydraulic circuit be connected in parallel a described electromagnetic valve and No. two electromagnetic valves, and a described electromagnetic valve also connects a described power leather bag device by hydraulic circuit; Described No. two electromagnetic valves also connect described No. two oil storage leather bag devices by hydraulic circuit; Described rod end chamber is by hydraulic circuit be connected in parallel a described power leather bag device and No. two oil storage leather bag devices; On the hydraulic circuit that described rod end chamber is connected with described No. two oil storage leather bag devices, be also provided with one way valve.
A described power leather bag device comprises a slurry power leather bag, the mud entrance of described slurry power leather bag opens wide, and be provided with pressure pressure sensor in drill string at described mud entrance place, the outside seal cover of described slurry power leather bag is established a metal shell, between described metal shell and described slurry power leather bag, be filled with hydraulic oil, on described metal shell, be provided with the hydraulic circuit of be connected in parallel a described electromagnetic valve and rod end chamber; Described No. two oil storage leather bag devices comprise that one is built-in with the oil storage leather bag of hydraulic oil, on described oil storage leather bag, be provided with the hydraulic circuit of be connected in parallel described No. two electromagnetic valves and rod end chamber, the outside seal cover of described oil storage leather bag is established a metal shell, described in this, on metal shell, be provided with for the mud entrance to injecting mud between metal shell described in this and described oil storage leather bag, described in this, mud entrance place is provided with annular pressure sensor.
On the hydraulic circuit that described plunger shaft and a described electromagnetic valve and No. two electromagnetic valves are connected in parallel, be also provided with in-cylinder pressure sensor and overflow valve.
One end that described piston rod is positioned at described power piston cylinder outside is provided with return spring.
The method of operating of the above-mentioned slurry power bidirectional control hydraulic system for drilling well, it comprises the following steps: 1) along drill string, circumferentially every 120 °, a hydraulic system of the present invention is set, position corresponding with hydraulic system of the present invention on drill string arranges guiding mechanism rib, return spring contacts with guiding mechanism rib, and guiding mechanism rib contacts with the well borehole wall; In a power leather bag device, the mud entrance of slurry power leather bag is communicated with the mud in drill string; In No. two oil storage leather bag devices, the mud entrance on metal shell is communicated with the mud between drill string and borehole wall annular space; 2) pressurization: open electromagnetic valve No., close electromagnetic valve No. two, mud in drill string enters slurry power leather bag power is provided, promote the plunger shaft that the hydraulic oil of filling between slurry power leather bag and metal shell enters power piston cylinder through electromagnetism, promoting piston rod moves to rod end chamber, and compress return spring, promote guiding mechanism Ji rib and lean on the well borehole wall, the hydraulic oil in rod end chamber turns back between a slurry power leather bag and metal shell in power leather bag device by hydraulic circuit; 3) decompression process; Open electromagnetic valve No. two, close electromagnetic valve No. one, mud in drill string enters slurry power leather bag power is provided, the hydraulic oil that promotes to fill between slurry power leather bag and metal shell enters the rod end chamber of power piston oil cylinder, now, pressure in rod end chamber is identical with the pressure of mud in drill string, is P1; Hydraulic oil in plunger shaft flows in oil storage leather bag through No. two electromagnetic valves simultaneously, and be communicated with annular space mud between oil storage leather bag in No. two oil storage leather bag devices and metal shell, pressure is P2, P1 > P2, the plunger shaft of power piston oil cylinder and the restoring force of the pressure differential between rod end chamber and return spring, retract guiding mechanism Ji rib; 4) oil return process: stop the mud circulation in drill string, close an electromagnetic valve and No. two electromagnetic valves, power leather bag device and the in-oil cylinder pressure of power piston reduce gradually, reservoir pressure sizableness with oil storage leather bag, power leather bag and oil storage leather bag elastic shrinkage, make the oil of oil storage leather bag through one way valve, flow into rod end chamber and a power leather bag device of power piston oil cylinder, reach the object of oil return.
In described decompression process, P1-P2=4~6MPa.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention utilizes circulating fluid flow differential pressure (the poor 4~6MPa of being of design pressure) inside and outside near the drill string forming the drill bit of shaft bottom, power source as the driving executing agency of working cylinder, therefore, reduced the demand to the corresponding components and parts of downhole power systems.2, the present invention is provided with power leather bag device No. one, and the power of a power leather bag device provides (4~6MPa) by mud in drill string, and hydraulic oil is injected in power piston cylinder by hydraulic circuit, makes piston rod bidirectional-movement; The mode that adopts this bidirectional hydraulic to control, under the normal operation of can not stop to bore, do not stop to press at drilling tool, carries out the commutation of the piston rod in power piston cylinder and controls, and to piston rod, can realize the function of bi-directional expansion.3 the present invention are provided with oil storage leather bag device No. two, the hydraulic oil that power leather bag device of No. two oil storage leather bag device major storages is drained, when termination of pumping, oil storage leather bag elastic shrinkage, the hydraulic oil of oil storage leather bag is noted in reverse power piston rod and a power leather bag device by hydraulic circuit, realized the oil return liquid replenishing function of hydraulic system.4, the present invention increases liquid and earial drainage by the switch of electromagnetic valve, utilizes the seal-off pressure energy supporting motive force piston rod of system, therefore, can make surperficial can the support with bearing of rib of piston rod backup contact the counter-pressure that the well borehole wall is larger (2000~3000kg).5, the present invention is provided with power piston cylinder, by moving back and forth of the piston rod in power piston cylinder, adjust the stroke of guiding rib, make three guiding ribs that are mutually hexagonal angle setting on drill string there is different overhangs, on the bottom drill string relevant position cross section above drill bit, form an eccentric steering vector, make the tool axis at lower drilling string and drill bit place depart from well central axis, make thus drill bit deflecting, and direction is as required crept into.6, working media of the present invention is hydraulic oil, hydraulic oil is filled between the slurry power leather bag and metal shell of a power leather bag device, and in the oil storage leather bag of No. two oil storage leather bag devices, hydraulic oil flows by hydraulic circuit, separate with drilling well circulation and transmission medium mud, guaranteed the clean of working media.The present invention is with drilling well circulating mud as power, and bidirectional displacement is controlled rib guiding mechanism, and simple in structure, easy to operate, the corresponding components and parts of required downhole power systems are few, can be widely used in rotary steerable drilling system.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes power leather bag device 1, No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2, electromagnetic valve 3, No. two electromagnetic valves 4 and power piston cylinders 5.
No. one power leather bag device 1 comprises a slurry power leather bag 6, the input port 7 of slurry power leather bag 6 is opened wide, be used for to the interior injection mud of slurry power leather bag 6, and near the input port 7 of slurry power leather bag 6, be provided with pressure pressure sensor in drill string, the outside seal cover of slurry power leather bag 6 is established a metal shell 8, between metal shell 8 and slurry power leather bag 6, be filled with hydraulic oil 9, on metal shell 8, connect a hydraulic circuit 10.
No. two oil storage leather bag device 2 comprises an oil storage leather bag 11, in oil storage leather bag 11, be filled with hydraulic oil 12, the input port of oil storage leather bag 11 connects a hydraulic circuit 13, the outside seal cover of oil storage leather bag 11 is established a metal shell 14, on metal shell 14, be provided with a mud entrance 15, for inject mud between metal shell 14 and oil storage leather bag 11, near the mud entrance 15 of metal shell 14, be provided with annular pressure sensor.
Power piston cylinder 5 comprises a cylinder body 16, is provided with a piston rod 17 in cylinder body 16, and one end of piston rod 17 is provided with a power piston 18, and power piston 18 will be divided into two chambeies in cylinder body 16, is respectively plunger shaft 19 and rod end chamber 20; The other end of piston rod 17 slides and passes cylinder body 16, and and sealing between cylinder body 16, the end that is positioned at the piston rod 17 of cylinder body 16 outsides is provided with return spring 21, return spring 21 contacts with the guiding mechanism rib 23 being arranged on drill string 22 (as shown in Figure 2), and guiding mechanism rib 23 contacts with the well borehole wall 24.
The plunger shaft 19 of power piston oil cylinder 5 also connects the hydraulic circuit 10 on the metal shell 8 in power leather bag device 1 No. one by hydraulic circuit by a be connected in parallel electromagnetic valve 3 and 4, numbers electromagnetic valves 3 of No. two electromagnetic valves of hydraulic circuit; No. two electromagnetic valve 4 also connects the hydraulic circuit 13 on oil storage leather bag 11 input ports in oil storage leather bag device 2 No. two by hydraulic circuit.On the hydraulic pressure road road being connected with plunger shaft 19, be also provided with for monitoring pressure sensor 25 and the overflow valve 26 of power piston oil cylinder 5 interior pressures.Hydraulic circuit 13 on oil storage leather bag 11 input ports on the metal shell that the rod end chamber 20 of power piston oil cylinder 5 is connected in parallel in a power leather bag device 1 by hydraulic circuit in 8 hydraulic circuit 10 and No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2; Wherein, on the hydraulic circuit that rod end chamber 20 is connected with No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2, be also provided with one way valve 27.
As shown in Figure 2, installation site of the present invention is: the present invention is arranged in lower drilling string 22 as an integrated hydraulic system 28, along drill string 22, circumferentially a hydraulic system 28 of the present invention is set every 120 °, drill string 22 bottoms are provided with bit nozzle and throttling arrangement 29.Guiding mechanism rib 23 is arranged on position corresponding with hydraulic system 28 of the present invention on drill string 22, and contacts (as shown in Figure 1) with the return spring 21 in hydraulic system 28 of the present invention.On drill string 22, be provided with acquisition control system 30, the pressure signal of acquisition control system 30 pressure sensor 32 for controlling, in the annular pressure sensor 31 of capture setting on drill string 22 and drill string, and for controlling an electromagnetic valve 3 and No. two electromagnetic valves 4 of hydraulic system 28 of the present invention.
The course of work of the present invention is: from the top of drill string 22 to the interior injection circulating mud of drill string 22, at the bottom of circulating mud passes through bit nozzle and throttling arrangement 29 Injection Wells, drill string 22 is injected in the mud recycling of returning from shaft bottom drill string 22 and borehole wall annular space, the present invention utilizes circulating mud in drill string 22 and the circulating mud between drill string 22 and borehole wall annular space as power source, some enters the mud of drill string 22 interior injections in the slurry power leather bag 6 of a power leather bag device 1 of the present invention, and some UNICOM of the mud returning on drill string 22 and borehole wall annular space injects between the oil storage leather bag 11 and metal shell 14 of No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2 of the present invention, by the pressure reduction between return mud on the interior circulating mud of drill string 22 and drill string 22 and borehole wall annular space, power as power piston cylinder 5 of the present invention, by adjusting and two-way control power piston cylinder 5 of the present invention, and then regulate each guiding rib 23 transversal stretching amount, make three guiding ribs 23 that are mutually hexagonal angle there is different overhangs, on the bottom drill string 22 relevant position cross sections above drill bit, form an eccentric steering vector, make lower drilling string (comprising guiding rib mechanism) and the tool axis at drill bit place depart from well central axis, principle makes its drill bit deflecting thus, and direction is as required crept into.
The present invention has three key operations such as supercharging, decompression and oil return.
1) as shown in Figure 2, in drilling process, in well, set up circulating mud, circulating mud consumes by bit nozzle and throttling arrangement 29 mineralization pressures, before and after drill bit, mineralization pressure is poor, because the slurry power leather bag 6 in power leather bag device 1 of the present invention is communicated with drill string 22 is interior, between oil storage leather bag 11 in No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2 of the present invention and metal shell 14, be communicated with the outer annular space of drill string 22, mineralization pressure is poor, by regulating bit nozzle and throttling arrangement 29, can obtain 4~6MPa circulation pressure reduction.
2) as shown in Figure 1, pressurization of the present invention: open electromagnetic valve 3 No. one, close electromagnetic valve 4 No. two, the slurry power leather bag 6 that mud in drill string 22 enters a power leather bag device 1 provides power, the plunger shaft 19 that the hydraulic oil 9 that promotes filling between slurry power leather bag 6 and metal shell 8 enters power piston cylinder 5 through electromagnetic valve 3, because piston rod 17 is crossed pasta product moment in the cross section of plunger shaft 19 and rod end chamber 20, form differential pressure, promote piston rod 17 to rod end chamber 20 motions, and compress return spring 21, promoting guiding mechanism Ji rib 23 leans on the well borehole wall 24, hydraulic oil in rod end chamber 20 enters in plunger shaft 19 by hydraulic circuit and an electromagnetic valve 3.
3) decompression process of the present invention as shown in Figure 1; Open electromagnetic valve 4 No. two, close electromagnetic valve 3 No. one, the slurry power leather bag 6 that mud in drill string 22 enters a power leather bag device 1 provides power, the hydraulic oil 9 that promotes to fill between slurry power leather bag 6 and metal shell 8 enters the rod end chamber 20 of power piston oil cylinder 5, now, pressure in rod end chamber 20 is identical with the pressure of drill string 22 interior mud, is P1; Hydraulic oil in plunger shaft 19 is through in the oil storage leather bag 11 in No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2 of No. two electromagnetic valve 4 inflows simultaneously, and be communicated with annular space mud between oil storage leather bag 11 in No. two oil storage leather bag devices 2 and metal shell 14, pressure is P2, P1-P2=4~6MPa > 0, the restoring force of the plunger shaft 19 of power piston oil cylinder 5 and the pressure differential between rod end chamber 20 and return spring 21 (200-300kg), retracts guiding mechanism Ji rib 23.
4) as shown in Figure 1, oil return process of the present invention: due to the oil storage finite volume of power piston oil cylinder 5 and a power leather bag device 1, can only meet power piston oil cylinder 5 moves back and forth 7~8 times, now, need be by stopping the mud circulation in drill string 22, by the oil return of oil storage leather bag 11, irregularly meet the needs of the bidirectional-movement (stretch out and regain) of power piston oil cylinder 5.Concrete operation method is: close an electromagnetic valve 3 and No. two electromagnetic valves 4, mud in drill string 22 stops circulation, drill string 22 internal pressure P1 are reduced to the sizableness with annular space mud pressure P2 gradually, P1-P2 is close to zero, power piston oil cylinder 5 runs out of steam and is locked, in piston rod 17 reciprocating motion processes, slurry power leather bag 6 and 11 elastic shrinkage of oil storage leather bag of expanding, make the oil of oil storage leather bag 11 through one way valve 27, flow into rod end chamber 20 and a power leather bag device 1 of power piston oil cylinder 5, reach the object of oil return.
The various embodiments described above are only for illustrating the present invention, and wherein the structure of each parts, connected mode etc. all can change to some extent, and every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.