CN110821454B - Downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission and injection method - Google Patents
Downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission and injection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110821454B CN110821454B CN201911197090.7A CN201911197090A CN110821454B CN 110821454 B CN110821454 B CN 110821454B CN 201911197090 A CN201911197090 A CN 201911197090A CN 110821454 B CN110821454 B CN 110821454B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/003—Vibrating earth formations
Abstract
The invention discloses a downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission and an injection method, belonging to the technical field of oilfield development engineering. The pulse generating device is different from a conventional hydraulic piston type generating device or a solenoid valve type device. The injection method comprises the following steps: selecting an injection well; setting a starting pressure value and a pulse frequency of a pulse generating device and setting the number of hydraulic pulse generators; installing an oil pipe and a downhole tool; injecting pulse waves to drive oil; and (5) backwashing the well. The invention has convenient installation and simple process, is suitable for the injection of a vertical well, an inclined well, a directional well and a horizontal well, provides a pulse wave with stable frequency for an underground oil layer by utilizing the hydraulic pulse device, can reduce the saturation of residual oil while improving the permeability near the bottom of the well, and greatly improves the recovery ratio of crude oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission and an injection method, and belongs to the technical field of oilfield development engineering.
Background
In the practical use process, the existing device generally has obvious defects and defects of large influence by the mineralization degree of the quality of injected water, impurities, scaling and the like, unstable working state, short service life, high failure rate, or the need of a cable for supplying power to an underground system, complex construction process, incapability of working under pressure, small adaptation to well inclination and the like, has narrow application range, and limits the further popularization and application of the hydraulic pulse technology.
The device described in the chinese patent document (publication No. CN104929605A) includes a hydraulic pulse fracturing device, which is of a piston type structure, and the working principle is to control the opening and closing of a nozzle by the pressure difference between hydraulic force and spring force, and further excite pulse, because in the liquid environment in the well, the reciprocating motion of the piston itself and the sealing mode are tangent structures, and the sealing mode is rubber "0" ring sealing, the reliability of volatile effect is low, and it is not suitable for working in complex environment in the well for a long time; meanwhile, the piston cannot be reset and loses the effect of excitation pulse due to the fact that the piston is always in an open state and cannot be reset due to overhigh ground pressure under the action of spring force excitation, the pulse frequency is unstable and difficult to control, and the process is used for fracturing, cannot realize backwashing and is not used for acidizing and water injection processes.
At present, with the development of oil fields, technical requirements of increasing production and injection by wave chemistry assistance, removing blockage by wave acidification and the like are more and more urgent, and meanwhile, the well type (inclined well, directional well, horizontal well and the like) required to be adapted is more and more complex, and injection devices of different well types need to be correspondingly designed, so that the adaptability is low, and the investment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the underground pulse generating device which is driven by oil pipe transmission and has the advantages of reasonable structure, reliable performance, convenient installation, reliable working performance and good use effect.
The invention also provides an injection method of the device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a drive pulse generator in pit with oil pipe transmission, includes the ground and pours into the well head into, and ground pours into the well head and connects oil pipe, and in oil pipe located the sleeve pipe, is equipped with at least one hydraulic pulse generator on the oil pipe, and the oil pipe end is equipped with the backwash well valve, is equipped with oil pipe anchoring device between oil pipe and the sleeve pipe, and the sleeve pipe outside that hydraulic pulse generator corresponds is the oil reservoir perforation section. The oil pipe anchoring device is used for anchoring the oil pipe on a target well casing to prevent the underground tool string from shaking, the backwashing valve is installed at the bottom of the oil pipe, liquid can only flow in from the bottom of the oil pipe and cannot flow out, and the backwashing valve has a function of unidirectionally controlling fluid flow.
Preferably, an oil pipe centralizer is further arranged between the oil pipe and the casing. The oil pipe centralizer is installed on the upper portion or the lower part of hydraulic pulse generator, plays the right effect to hydraulic pulse generator, and oil pipe centralizer is different from conventional rigidity centralizer, belongs to the compressible centralizer of slider formula, can satisfy slight casing change well needs, and 5-1/2in sleeve pipe uses the external diameter scope of slider centralizer: 110-; 7in outer diameter range of the sliding block centralizer applied to the casing: 136-.
Further preferably, when the number of the hydraulic pulse generators is two or more, one of the hydraulic pulse generators is arranged between the oil pipe centralizer and the backwashing well valve.
Preferably, the oil pipe anchoring device is provided with movable anchor teeth, the anchor teeth extend out of the oil pipe anchoring device body to be embedded into the sleeve when high-pressure fluid is injected into the oil pipe, and the high-pressure fluid in the oil pipe disappears and the anchor teeth of the oil pipe anchoring device automatically retract to lose the anchoring effect.
Preferably, the hydraulic pulse generator comprises an outer working barrel, an upper joint and a lower joint are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the outer working barrel, the side wall of the outer working barrel is provided with an outer working barrel blind plug, an inner working barrel is arranged in the outer working barrel, and a bridge type overflowing channel is formed between the outer working barrel and the inner working barrel; the fluid can be sprayed through the working barrel, and can be transmitted to the next-stage hydraulic pulse generator through the working barrel to be sprayed;
the inner working barrel is characterized in that an upper joint of the inner working barrel is arranged at one end of the inner working barrel, an inner working barrel blind plug is arranged at the other end of the inner working barrel, a motor is arranged on the inner side of the upper joint of the inner working barrel, a torque connecting rod shaft is connected to the output end of the motor, the torque connecting rod shaft is connected with a movable nozzle, the movable nozzle is provided with a liquid inlet channel, a fixed nozzle is arranged below the movable nozzle, the fixed nozzle is provided with a fixed nozzle liquid passing hole corresponding to the movable nozzle, a liquid outlet nozzle is arranged on the blind plug side wall of the inner working barrel below the fixed nozzle, and a liquid inlet liquid passing hole corresponding to the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the inner working barrel. The movable nozzle is driven by the motor to rotate according to a certain frequency, when the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle is aligned with the liquid inlet overflowing hole of the inner working barrel, liquid enters the movable nozzle and the fixed nozzle and is sprayed out from the liquid outlet nozzle, and when the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle is dislocated with the liquid inlet overflowing hole due to rotation, the liquid is interrupted, so that pulse waterpower can be formed.
Further preferably, a controller is arranged on the inner side of the upper joint of the inner working barrel and connected with a pressure sensor probe, the pressure sensor probe penetrates through the outer side of the upper joint of the inner working barrel, and the controller is connected with a motor. When the pressure sensor probe receives a certain range of pressure in the outer working barrel, the trigger controller controls the motor to start.
Further preferably, the controller is connected with the motor and is powered by the battery pack.
Further preferably, the output end of the motor is provided with a motor output torque, the motor output torque is connected with a torque connecting rod shaft, and the torque connecting rod shaft is fixed on the inner wall of the inner working barrel through a bearing.
Further preferably, a torque connecting rod sealing assembly is arranged between the torque connecting rod and the movable nozzle.
Further preferably, a compression spring is arranged between the fixed nozzle and the blind plug of the inner working barrel.
Preferably, a torque connecting rod shaft anti-loosening device is arranged between the output torque of the motor and the torque connecting rod shaft.
The pressure relief channel of the hydraulic pulse generator is designed in a normally closed mode, a shaft oil pipe is used as an energy storage body during working, fluid is stored and boosted in a movable nozzle of the hydraulic pulse generator at the bottom of a well, the movable nozzle moves circumferentially according to a certain frequency under the driving of output torque of a motor and is staggered with a fixed nozzle to form on-off, high-pressure fluid is sprayed out in a pulse mode, the peak value of the pulse is the maximum value of pressure before energy storage and release, the minimum value of the pulse is a stratum injection pressure value, and the difference value of the pulse amplitude is a pulse amplitude. The amplitude of the pulse is controlled by adjusting the frequency and the energy storage speed of the oil pipe, wherein the energy storage speed of the oil pipe refers to the injection speed of oil pipe fluid, namely the input displacement of the ground oil pipe fluid, and is generally determined for the well depth of a certain well and the used oil pipe, namely the inner diameter and the length of the oil pipe are fixed values, so that the energy storage volume of the oil pipe is fixed, and the hydraulic pulse generator can be used in series in multiple stages.
An injection method for driving an underground pulse generating device by using oil pipe transmission is a hydraulic pulse underground fluctuation oil displacement method which is simple and convenient to operate, convenient to realize, obvious in injection effect and high in crude oil recovery rate, and comprises the following steps:
starting pressure value: the starting pressure value is the sum of the additional pressure value and the static pressure value of the destination layer position. In order to ensure reliability, the additional pressure value is set to be 10-20% of the designed injection pressure value of the wellhead, and the additional pressure value is obtained by design; after the static pressure value of the target layer position is lowered to the target position by the pulse generating device, the underground pressure sensor automatically learns and records the current actual pressure value; when the pressure value of the wellhead injection is higher than the starting pressure, the pulse generating device starts to work, and when the pressure value of the wellhead injection is lower than the starting pressure, the pulse generating device stops working;
the pulse frequency is determined by the process requirement or the natural frequency of the stratum, and the specific setting value is determined by combining the structures of the movable nozzle and the fixed nozzle and the rotating speed of the motor during setting;
Preferably, in step 2, after the pulse generator is lowered to the target position, the downhole pressure sensor automatically learns and records the current actual pressure value, and the oil pipe and the casing pipe need to be filled for 10 min.
Preferably, in step 5, the injection pressure value of the wellhead is adjusted to be higher than the designed starting pressure value by 0.5 MPa.
Preferably, in step 6, the backwash liquid is designed according to 2-3 times of the volume of the well bore, and the pressure of the backwash liquid is generally 2-5 MPa.
The nozzle of the underground pulse generator provided by the invention is of a plane structure, the movement mode is circumferential rotation, the nozzle is flexible and reliable, and is not influenced by the bottom hole pressure, the nozzle switch is not controlled by pressure difference, meanwhile, the plane structure is not influenced by underground media, is slightly influenced by water quality and well track, is rigid body seal, and has higher flexibility. And the switching frequency is controlled by the motor according to the design requirement, the stability is high, and the control is not lost due to the height of the ground working pressure. The process realizes that hydraulic pulse waves are generated underground through a matched oil pipe or coiled tubing process, the frequency and the wave amplitude are adjustable, the hydraulic pulse waves can be continuously injected into an oil layer, meanwhile, the process has a reverse well washing function, the tubular column is reasonable in structure, simple in process, high in adaptability to shaft conditions and construction processes, and capable of working stably for a long time and popularizing and applying in a large scale.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, convenient installation, simple process, convenient construction and low input cost.
2. The method is novel and reasonable in design, simple and convenient to use and operate, convenient to control in the oil displacement process, free of a ground power supply system, belongs to the technical field of physical enhanced oil recovery, and utilizes hydraulic energy in a shaft oil pipe to realize fluctuating oil displacement, so that the method for carrying out enhanced oil displacement under the condition of loading artificial hydraulic pulse waves on the stratum is provided.
3. Especially, the hydraulic pulse generator is novel in design and unique in structure, the differential plane movable nozzle is utilized for structural design, the number of moving parts is small, the circumferential movement mode can well avoid movement and sealing failure caused by scaling and machine impurities, the required torque is very small due to the pressure balance principle of the structure, the reliability of long-term underground liquid environment work is greatly improved, and the conditions of long-term work in high mineralization degree and corrosive media can be met.
4. The hydraulic pulse generator has good use effect, generates high-pressure hydraulic energy on a plane difference type nozzle of the hydraulic pulse generator by utilizing surface hydraulic energy and an oil pipe large-volume energy storage body, generates continuous and stable pulse waves through instant release, can continuously load the stratum according to certain frequency and amplitude, and forms a complex superposition effect, thereby promoting the fluid flow speed, improving the seepage condition and further promoting the comprehensive oil displacement effect of the oil reservoir.
4. The pulse amplitude and the injection displacement can be adjusted, the amplitude peak value and the injection displacement of the hydraulic pulse can be adjusted according to the size of an oil pipe energy storage body by changing the design frequency of the hydraulic pulse generator and the injection pressure of a wellhead, and the hydraulic pulse generator can also be used in a series connection mode.
5. The working state is stable, and the injection pipe column is provided with an oil pipe anchoring device and a centralizer, so that the safety and reliability of the tool for running in and out of the shaft are ensured, and the influence of well deviation is small; the hydraulic pulse generator adopts a plane difference type nozzle structure, generates pressure pulses in a circumferential motion mode, has few moving parts and high reliability, is not easily influenced by the mineralization degree of water, and ensures long-term reliable work in an underground environment; the hydraulic pulse generator is started to work only when the wellhead is normally injected, and automatically stops after injection is stopped, so that the reliability is high.
6. The method has the advantages that the operation is convenient, no pollution is caused, the pipe column and the tool are connected through buckling, the working procedures of entering and taking out are safe and reliable, the injection procedure is simple, the pulse tool can work under the well only by continuously injecting at the well mouth according to the designed pressure value, meanwhile, the pulse frequency, the injection strength and other fluctuation parameters can be adjusted according to the requirements, the method meets the operation requirements of a vertical well, an inclined well, a directional well and a horizontal well, and almost no pollution is caused to the environment.
7. The water-driven well has remarkable economic and social benefits, continuously and stably provides pressure fluctuation for the oil deposit by using hydraulic pulse energy in the conventional water-driven well, and improves the injection capacity of the water well and the oil displacement efficiency of the deep part of the oil deposit; meanwhile, the plugging removal treatment can be carried out on the wall of the oil well, so that the requirements of long propagation distance and concentrated energy fluctuation impact in an oil reservoir can be met, the recovery ratio of crude oil in actual production can be improved, namely, continuous and stable pressure waves are utilized to load an underground produced oil layer, so that the fluid flow speed is promoted, the seepage condition is improved, the comprehensive oil displacement effect of the oil reservoir is promoted, the water injection oil displacement is carried out under the fluctuation condition, and the recovery ratio of the crude oil is improved.
8. The invention has high practical value and wide popularization and application prospect, continuously and stably generates hydraulic pulse pressure waves to continuously stretch and compress the flooding fluid injected into the stratum and the crude oil in the stratum pores, the intermolecular acting force is reduced under the action of shearing force, the rheological structure of the crude oil is destroyed, the viscosity is further reduced, and meanwhile, the miscible phase is realized under the action of the flooding fluid, and the body effect is further improved. In addition, when the generated pressure wave is transmitted in the stratum medium oil storage layer, a tiny additional pressure gradient is generated in the oil displacement direction in the oil layer, and the additional pressure gradient can reduce the surface tension of oil layer liquid, promote the flow of the oil layer liquid and improve the injection and oil displacement effects. Meanwhile, the hydraulic wave generated by the invention is beneficial to improving the permeability near the well mouth, improving the water injection capability, playing a role in increasing the injection and playing an active role in recovering the stratum energy.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of reasonable design, convenient installation, simple and convenient use and operation and good construction effect, has good effect on improving injection, displacement and stratum energy of an oil layer by utilizing pulse fluctuation, can reduce the saturation of residual oil and greatly improve the recovery ratio of crude oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a reference diagram of the present invention in the fluid injection state of a tubing string and associated tool.
FIG. 2 is a reference diagram of the back flushing status of the pipe string and associated tool designed according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram (on state) of the hydraulic pulse generator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram (normally off state) of the hydraulic pulse generator of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for displacing oil by using the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-oil pipe injection end well head; 2-oil-casing injection end well head; 3, sleeving a sleeve; 4, oil pipe;
5-oil pipe anchoring device; 6-hydraulic pulse generator; 7-oil pipe centralizer; 8-a hydraulic pulse generator;
9-backwash well valve; 10-oil layer perforation section; 11-oil layer perforation section; 6-1-top connection; 6-2-upper joint of inner working cylinder; 6-3-external working barrel; 6-4-inner working barrel; 6-5-bridge type overflowing channel; 6-blind plugging of the outer working barrel; 6-7-liquid inlet overflowing hole; 6-8, fixing a nozzle liquid passing hole; 6-9-blind blocking of the overflowing hole by the working cylinder; 6-10-liquid outlet nozzle; 6-11 — lower joint; 6-12-pressure sensor probe; 6-13-controller; 6-14-battery pack; 6-15-motor; 6-16-output torque of the motor; 6-17-torque connecting rod shaft anti-loosening device; 6-18-centering the central circular bearing group; 6-19-bearing seat; 6-20-pressing plate drag reduction bearing group; 6-21-torque connecting rod seal assembly; 6-22-torque link shaft; 6-23-movable nozzle; 6-24-movable and fixed nozzle special treatment layer; 6-25-fixed nozzle; 6-26-compression spring; 6-27-inner working cylinder blind plug.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the utility model provides a drive pulse generator in pit with oil pipe transmission, includes the ground and pours into the well head into, the ground pours into the well head and has oil pipe injection end well head 1 and oil-cover injection end well head 2 into the well head, and oil pipe injection end well head 1 is connected oil pipe 4, and in oil pipe 4 located casing 3, be equipped with two water pulse generator on the oil pipe, the oil pipe end was equipped with backwash well valve 9, is equipped with oil pipe anchoring device 5 between oil pipe and the casing, and the casing outside that water pulse generator corresponds is the oil reservoir perforation section. The oil pipe anchoring device is used for anchoring an oil pipe on a target well casing to prevent a tool string in a well from shaking, anchor teeth are movably arranged on the oil pipe anchoring device and used for extending out of an oil pipe anchoring device body and embedding in the casing when high-pressure fluid is injected into the oil pipe, and the anchor teeth of the oil pipe anchoring device automatically retract to lose the anchoring effect when the high-pressure fluid in the oil pipe disappears. The backwash well valve is arranged at the bottom of the oil pipe, liquid cannot flow out of the oil pipe and only can flow in from the outside of the oil pipe, and the backwash well valve has a function of controlling the flow of the fluid in a one-way mode.
An oil pipe centralizer is also arranged between the oil pipe and the casing. The oil pipe centralizer is installed on the upper portion or the lower part of hydraulic pulse generator, plays the right effect to hydraulic pulse generator, as shown in figure 1, from the bottom up is backwash well valve 9, hydraulic pulse generator 8, oil pipe centralizer 7, hydraulic pulse generator 6, oil pipe anchoring device 5 in proper order, and oil pipe centralizer is different from conventional rigidity centralizer, belongs to the compressible centralizer of slider formula, can satisfy slight casing change well needs, 5-1/2in the external diameter scope of casing application slider centralizer: 110-; 7in outer diameter range of the sliding block centralizer applied to the casing: 136-.
In the practical use process, the peak value of the hydraulic pulse generated by the integral hydraulic pulse generating device is 0.5-10 Mpa, and the injection displacement is 10m3/d-50m3/d。
Example 2:
a downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission is structurally as described in embodiment 1, and is different in that the hydraulic pulse generator comprises an outer working cylinder 6-3, the upper end and the lower end of the outer working cylinder are provided with an upper joint 6-1 and a lower joint 6-11, the side wall of the outer working cylinder is provided with an outer working cylinder blind plug 6-6, the outer working cylinder is internally provided with an inner working cylinder 6-4, and a bridge type overflowing channel 6-5 is formed between the outer working cylinder and the inner working cylinder; the fluid can be sprayed through the working barrel, and the fluid can be transmitted to the next-stage hydraulic pulse generator through the working barrel to be sprayed.
One end of the inner working barrel 6-4 is provided with an inner working barrel upper connector 6-2, the other end of the inner working barrel is provided with an inner working barrel blind plug 6-27, the inner side of the inner working barrel upper connector 6-2 is provided with a controller 6-13 and a motor 6-15, the controller 6-13 is connected with the motor 6-15 through a battery 6-14, the controller 6-13 is connected with a pressure sensor probe 6-12, and the pressure sensor probe 6-12 penetrates through the outer side of the inner working barrel upper connector 6-2. The pressure sensor probe monitors the pressure in the oil pipe and is used as a criterion for the controller to start the motor, and when the pressure sensor probe senses that liquid enters the outer working barrel, the controller is triggered, and the motor can rotate controllably. The motor 6-15, the battery pack 6-14 and the controller 6-13 are sealed in the upper joint 6-2 of the inner working barrel, and are part of a driving and controlling assembly.
The output end of the motor is provided with a motor output torque of 6-16, the motor output torque of 6-16 is connected with a torque connecting rod shaft of 6-22, the torque connecting rod shaft is connected with a torque connecting rod, the torque connecting rod is connected with a movable nozzle of 6-23, the movable nozzle of 6-23 is provided with a liquid inlet channel, a fixed nozzle of 6-25 is arranged below the movable nozzle of 6-23, the fixed nozzle is provided with a fixed nozzle liquid through hole of 6-8 corresponding to the movable nozzle, the side wall of the blind plug of the inner working barrel below the fixed nozzle is provided with a liquid outlet nozzle of 6-10, liquid enters the cavity of the blind plug of the inner working barrel through the blind plug of the inner working barrel and the blind plug liquid through hole of 6-9 and is sprayed out by the liquid outlet nozzle, and the side wall of the inner working barrel is provided with a liquid through hole of 6-7 corresponding to the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle. The movable nozzle is driven by the motor to rotate regularly, when the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle is aligned with the liquid inlet overflowing hole of the inner working barrel, liquid enters the movable nozzle and the fixed nozzle and is sprayed out by the liquid outlet nozzle, and when the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle is staggered with the liquid inlet overflowing hole due to rotation, the liquid is interrupted, so that pulse waterpower can be formed. During installation, the liquid inlet overflowing hole 6-7 of the inner working barrel 6-4 is required to be aligned with the blind plug 6-6 of the outer working barrel 6-3. The output torque 6-16 of the motor is butted and inserted with the torque connecting rod shaft and then is fastened with the inner working barrel 6-4 through the upper joint 6-2 of the inner working barrel.
The hydraulic pulse generating device comprises two working states, wherein a pulse generating starting state is shown in figure 3; fig. 4 is the closed state. The hydraulic pulse generating device is in a normally-off state, the pulse waves are continuously and stably released after the injection pressure of the wellhead reaches a starting pressure value, and the underground pulse device also stops working after the injection is stopped.
In the practical use process, liquid is injected through a wellhead 1 at the injection end of the oil pipe, the liquid reaches a hydraulic pulse generator 6 through the oil pipe 4, and simultaneously enters a next-stage hydraulic pulse generator 8 through a bridge type overflowing channel 6-5 of the hydraulic pulse generator 6, the liquid enters a movable nozzle 6-23 through a liquid inlet overflowing hole 6-7 in a bridge type channel of an outer working barrel 6-3 after reaching the hydraulic pulse generator 6, 8, under the driving of the output torque of a motor, the output torque 6-16 of the motor drives a torque connecting rod shaft 6-22 to drive the movable nozzle 6-23 to do circumferential rotation motion, high-pressure fluid in a large volume body in the oil pipe sprays high-pressure fluid to an oil sleeve annulus (oil pipe 4-sleeve 3 annulus) through a fixed nozzle overflowing hole 6-8 of a fixed nozzle 6-25 and a liquid outlet nozzle 6-10, due to the continuous rotation of the movable nozzle, high-pressure hydraulic pulses with stable frequency are formed with the fixed nozzle, high-pressure fluid is continuously stored and released to form continuous pulse pressure waves, and the pressure waves are continuously loaded to the oil layer perforation sections 10 and 11.
Example 3:
the underground pulse generator driven by oil pipe transmission has the structure as shown in embodiment 2, and has the difference that the pressing springs 6-26 are set between the fixed nozzle and the blind plug of the inner cylinder. In practical use, the pressing springs 6-26 need to be tightened through the blind plugs 6-27 of the working barrel, and the fixed nozzles 6-25 and the movable nozzles 6-23 are ensured to be installed close to each other and in a closed state. In the actual use process, the outer working barrel hole needs to be tightened through the outer working barrel blind plug 6-6.
Example 4:
a downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission is structurally as described in embodiment 3, except that a torque connecting rod shaft is fixed on the inner wall of an inner working barrel through a bearing, as shown in figure 3, a centering circular bearing set 6-18 is arranged on the outer side of the torque connecting rod shaft, a pressure plate drag reduction bearing set 6-20 and a bearing seat 6-19 are arranged on the outer side of the torque connecting rod, and the pressure plate drag reduction bearing set is used for reducing the acting force of a spring pressed by a movable nozzle and a fixed nozzle and ensuring the flexibility of the movable water nozzle; the centering circular bearing is used for centering the torque connecting rod shaft, so that the flexibility is ensured.
Example 5:
the structure of the downhole pulse generator driven by oil pipe transmission is as described in embodiment 4, except that a torque connecting rod sealing assembly 6-21 is arranged between a torque connecting rod and a movable nozzle, and the purpose of preventing liquid flow from entering the interior of an upper joint of a working barrel is achieved, so that the safety and reliability of a motor are guaranteed.
Example 6:
the structure of the downhole pulse generator driven by oil pipe transmission is as described in embodiment 5, except that a torque connecting rod shaft anti-loosening device 6-17 is arranged between the output torque of a motor and a torque connecting rod shaft, nozzle coatings 6-24 are arranged on a liquid inlet channel of a movable nozzle and a liquid passing hole 6-8 of a fixed nozzle, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance are ensured through the coatings, so that good sealing is kept.
Example 7:
an injection method for driving a downhole pulse generating device by oil pipe transmission in the embodiment 6 is a hydraulic pulse downhole fluctuation oil displacement method which is simple and convenient to operate, convenient to implement, obvious in injection effect and high in crude oil recovery rate, and comprises the following steps:
The hydraulic pulse wave oil displacement method is mainly suitable for low-permeability oil reservoirs with poor water displacement effect or thick oil blocks with poor underground crude oil fluidity, and has the advantages that the number of covered oil wells in the oil displacement radius of an injection well is large, and the corresponding connectivity of an oil layer is good. When the actual injection well is selected, the selected injection well is the water injection well of the oil field block, the casing of the well section of the injection well is required to have no deformation, no fault and no perforation, and no requirement is imposed on the well deviation of the injection well; in addition, the oil well can also be subjected to pulse blockage removal operation, and near-well-end pollution removal treatment is mainly implemented. Before construction, each well head and underground oil pipe are ensured to be intact, and the well head and the underground oil pipe have high-pressure forming capability and meet the requirement of continuous injection.
starting pressure value: the starting pressure value is the sum of the additional pressure value and the static pressure value of the destination layer position. In order to ensure reliability, the additional pressure value is set to be 10-20% of the designed injection pressure value of the wellhead, and the additional pressure value is obtained by design; after the static pressure value of the target layer position is lowered to the target position by the pulse generating device, the underground pressure sensor automatically learns and records the current actual pressure value, and the oil pipe and the casing pipe are required to be filled and shut down for 10 min; when the pressure value of the wellhead injection is higher than the starting pressure, the pulse generating device starts to work, and when the pressure value of the wellhead injection is lower than the starting pressure, the pulse generating device stops working;
the pulse frequency is determined by the process requirement or the natural frequency of the stratum, and the specific setting value is determined by combining the structures of the movable nozzle and the fixed nozzle and the rotating speed of the motor during setting;
In the actual operation process, when the pressure waves in the hydraulic pulse are adopted for underground fluctuation oil displacement, the oil extraction process of the oil extraction well is completed according to a conventional water injection oil extraction method.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An underground pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission is characterized by comprising a ground injection wellhead, wherein the ground injection wellhead is connected with an oil pipe, the oil pipe is arranged in a sleeve, the oil pipe is provided with at least one hydraulic pulse generator, the tail end of the oil pipe is provided with a backwashing valve, an oil pipe anchoring device is arranged between the oil pipe and the sleeve, and the outer side of the sleeve corresponding to the hydraulic pulse generator is an oil layer perforation section;
the hydraulic pulse generator comprises an outer working barrel, an upper joint and a lower joint are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the outer working barrel, the side wall of the outer working barrel is provided with an outer working barrel blind plug, an inner working barrel is arranged in the outer working barrel, and a bridge type overflowing channel is formed between the outer working barrel and the inner working barrel;
the inner working barrel is characterized in that an upper joint of the inner working barrel is arranged at one end of the inner working barrel, an inner working barrel blind plug is arranged at the other end of the inner working barrel, a motor is arranged on the inner side of the upper joint of the inner working barrel, a torque connecting rod shaft is connected to the output end of the motor, the torque connecting rod shaft is connected with a movable nozzle, the movable nozzle is provided with a liquid inlet channel, a fixed nozzle is arranged below the movable nozzle, the fixed nozzle is provided with a fixed nozzle liquid passing hole corresponding to the movable nozzle, a liquid outlet nozzle is arranged on the blind plug side wall of the inner working barrel below the fixed nozzle, and a liquid inlet liquid passing hole corresponding to the liquid inlet channel of the movable nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the inner working barrel.
2. The downhole pulse generating device of claim 1, further comprising a tubing centralizer disposed between the tubing and the casing;
when the number of the hydraulic pulse generators is more than two, one hydraulic pulse generator is arranged between the oil pipe centralizer and the backwashing valve.
3. The downhole pulse generating device driven by tubing conveyed according to claim 1, wherein the tubing anchor is provided with movable anchor teeth, the movable anchor teeth extend out of the tubing anchor body to be embedded into the casing internal fixation tool string when the high-pressure fluid is injected into the tubing, and the movable anchor teeth on the tubing anchor automatically retract to lose the anchoring effect when the high-pressure fluid in the tubing disappears.
4. The downhole pulse generating device driven by oil pipe transmission according to claim 1, wherein the controller is arranged inside the upper joint of the inner working cylinder and connected with the pressure sensor probe, the pressure sensor probe penetrates through the outer side of the upper joint of the inner working cylinder, and the controller is connected with the motor;
the controller is connected with the motor and is powered by the battery pack.
5. The downhole pulse generator of claim 1, wherein the motor output end comprises a motor output torque rod, the motor output torque rod is connected to a torque link shaft, and the torque link shaft is fixed to the inner wall of the inner mandrel through a bearing.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein a torque link shaft anti-loosening device is disposed between the motor output torque rod and the torque link shaft.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a torque link shaft seal assembly is disposed between the torque link shaft and the movable nozzle.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein a compression spring is disposed between the stationary nozzle and the blind plug of the inner barrel.
9. An injection method for driving a downhole pulse generating device by tubing conveyed according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, injection well selection: selecting an injection well around the constructed oil production well, enabling the constructed oil production well to be in the fluctuation range of the selected injection well, wherein the well body structure of the selected injection well is free from sleeve change, the injection well and the surrounding constructed oil production well stratum have a corresponding oil displacement relation, and the constructed oil production wells are relatively concentrated within the fluctuation range of 2 kilometers in radius;
step 2, setting a starting pressure value and a pulse frequency of the pulse generating device:
the starting pressure value is the sum of the additional pressure value and the static pressure value of the target layer position, the additional pressure value is set to be 10-20% of the designed injection pressure value of the wellhead, and the pressure value is obtained through design; after the static pressure value of the position of the target layer is lowered into the position of the target layer by the pulse generating device, the underground pressure sensor automatically learns and records the current actual pressure value; when the pressure value of the wellhead injection is higher than the starting pressure, the pulse generating device starts to work, and when the pressure value of the wellhead injection is lower than the starting pressure, the pulse generating device stops working;
the pulse frequency is determined by the process requirement or the natural frequency of the stratum, and the specific setting value is determined by combining the structures of the movable nozzle and the fixed nozzle and the rotating speed of the motor during setting;
step 3, setting the number of the hydraulic pulse generators: determining the number of hydraulic pulse generators to be installed according to the injection amount;
step 4, installing an oil pipe and an underground pulse generating device: installing a backwash well valve, a hydraulic pulse generator and an oil pipe anchoring device in sequence through an oil pipe from bottom to top according to the designed stage number of the hydraulic pulse generator, descending the hydraulic pulse generator to the middle part of an oil layer, installing a ground injection well mouth, and connecting an injection process;
step 5, injecting pulse waves to displace oil: continuously injecting high-pressure fluid into an injection well through an injection flow, injecting the high-pressure fluid into the well through an oil pipe of the ground injection well, adjusting the injection pressure value of the well according to a designed starting pressure value during injection, and repeatedly pressurizing and decompressing the underground hydraulic pulse generator under the driving of the injection pressure of the well so as to realize pulse fluctuation oil displacement;
step 6, backwashing the well: when a well needs to be washed, firstly, the injection flow of a well mouth is changed, the well washing flow of an oil pipe is connected, namely, the well washing liquid is injected from the oil-lantern ring space of the well mouth, the flow of a connecting outlet of the oil pipe is opened simultaneously, the well washing liquid is continuously injected into the well mouth, the well washing liquid enters a backwashing valve at the bottom of a pipe column through the oil-lantern ring space and enters the oil pipe through the backwashing valve to return to the ground.
10. The injection method of the downhole pulse generator driven by the oil pipe transmission according to claim 9, wherein in the step 2, when the downhole pressure sensor automatically learns and records the current actual pressure value after the pulse generator is lowered to the target position, the oil pipe and the casing pipe need to be filled for 10min for closing the well;
in the step 5, adjusting the injection pressure value of the wellhead to be higher than the designed starting pressure value by 0.5 MPa;
in step 6, the flushing fluid is designed according to 2-3 times of the volume of the shaft, and the pressure of the backwashing well is 2-5 Mpa.
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| CN111794727B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-06-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Pump injection frequency selection method and device for pulse circulation hydraulic fracturing |
| CN114059985B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2024-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pressure disturbance nipple device for well fracturing and well fracturing equipment and method |
| CN112012697B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-04-19 | 太原理工大学 | Novel coal seam centrifugal vibration yield increasing system |
| CN111852369B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2021-08-06 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Novel multi-coal-bed knocking vibration yield increasing system |
| CN112523737B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-09-20 | 西安石油大油气科技有限公司 | Oil well acidification process and device for improving oil and gas well yield |
| CN114135236B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-09-26 | 西安石油大学 | Coiled tubing conveying drag reduction device and use method |
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