Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate that consisted of by different molecular weight homologue in prior art in the produced simultaneously side effect of its anticoagulant effect of performance, a kind of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide and its preparation method and application is provided, the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide that the present invention prepares can be applied to the treatment of anticoagulation and anti embolus disease, reduce simultaneously its bleeding risk, avoid anaphylactic reaction, but also be the support of supplying raw materials of biological activity widely of a series of low-molecular-weight PSS products of exploitation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved:
A kind of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide, its structural formula is as follows:
Its molecular skeleton is the binary line style block polymer that β-D-(Isosorbide-5-Nitrae)-mannuronic acid (M) and α-L-(Isosorbide-5-Nitrae)-guluronic acid (G) form, R=Na or CH in formula
2CHOHCH
3, R
1=H or SO
3Na has a R at least in each sugar ring
1=SO
3Na, m+n≤25, the weight average molecular weight of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is 3kDa-9kDa, the molecular weight distribution width is 1.20-1.70.
Further improvement to technical scheme: the organic sulfur content of described low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is 9%-13%.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described low-molecular-weight polysaccharide, it comprises the following steps: propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate is made into the aqueous solution that mass percentage concentration is 5%-20%, adding oxidant to oxidant final concentration in the described aqueous solution is 0.2-0.5mol/L, and adding metal ion to metal ion final concentration is 0.5-5.0mmol/L; Then reaction 0.5-1.0 hour under 30-60 ℃, after reaction terminating, after adding ethanol 85% or more that it is precipitated, centrifugalize precipitation and supernatant; To precipitate the cation exchange resin purification, accent pH is 8-9, and ethanol precipitation, washing make low-molecular-weight polysaccharide by spray drying.
Further improvement to technical scheme: described oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite.
Further improvement to technical scheme: described metal ion is bivalent cupric ion or iron ion.
The present invention also provides described low-molecular-weight polysaccharide for the preparation of the application in antithrombotic and anticoagulation medicine.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
(1) low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the present invention can obviously extend clotting time of mice and bleeding time, obviously reduces the thrombotic length of rats in vitro and weight, has excellent anticoagulant active.
(2) low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the present invention also obviously extends electricity irritation rat carotid artery thrombus formation time, and the rat thrombus in vivo is had good therapeutic effect.Find out from mice thrombus in vivo experiment, compare with former propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate, the hemorrhage side effect of low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate obviously reduces, and has the effect of the thrombosis due to anticoagulant, can be used as antithrombotic agents and uses.
(3) low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the present invention except weight average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution different from existing propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate more concentrated, other are all identical with existing propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate, comprise the basic framework of molecule, substituted radical, sulfur content etc.
(4) dissolubility of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the present invention is improved to some extent than the propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate crude drug, and enough raw materials can be provided for the research of anticoagulation, antithrombotic reagent.
(5) preparation method of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide provided by the invention is simple and efficient, the product purity that obtains is high, good stability, can be used for preparing and have the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide identical with the propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate structure, for develop a series of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide products widely biological activity supply raw materials and technical support.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide
Take 9g propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (weight average molecular weight is about 14kDa) and be dissolved in the 120mL distilled water, be made into mass fraction and be 7.5% alginate diester sodium solution.Add 0.1molL
-1FeSO
4Solution and 30% H
2O
2Aqueous solution makes Fe in reaction system
2+And H
2O
2Concentration reach the appointment final concentration shown in table 1.Airtight oscillating reactions 0.5h under 60 ℃.After reaction finishes, according to 3mgmL
-1The amount of reaction system adds ascorbic acid to consume H
2O
2Cessation reaction, and cooling rapidly, add 3 times of volume 95% ethanol, 4 ℃ of lower hold over night.The centrifugal 20min of 3000rmin-1, precipitation separation and supernatant.Precipitation is dissolved in a small amount of water, crosses 732 cation exchange resin desalting and purifyings, sample is converted into the H type; Transfer pH to 8-9 with 6molL-1 NaOH after solution after purification is concentrated, adding 95% ethanol to transfer to the ethanol final concentration is 85%, the centrifugalize precipitation, precipitate 3 times with 85% washing with alcohol, lyophilization namely gets the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of different molecular weight, i.e. FP-9K, FP-6K, FP-4K, FP-3K.
The structural formula of the described low-molecular-weight polysaccharide that makes is as follows:
R=Na or CH in formula
2CHOHCH
3, R
1=H or SO
3Na, and have a R at least in each sugar ring
1=SO
3Na, m+n≤25, molecular skeleton is β-D-(1,4)-mannuronic acid (Mannuronic acid, M) and α-L-(Isosorbide-5-Nitrae)-guluronic acid (Guluronic acid, G) the binary line style block polymer that forms, the weight average molecular weight of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is 3kDa-9kDa, and organic sulfur content is 9%-13%, and the molecular weight distribution width is 1.20-1.70.
As standard, record the weight average molecular weight of the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of acquisition with TOSOH TSK GEL3000PWXL column chromatography (7.8mm*300mm, 6 μ m) and dextran standard substance (Nat'l Pharmaceutical ﹠ Biological Products Control Institute).Weight average molecular weight and breadth coefficient according to the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the present invention preparation are as shown in table 1.
Relation between table 1Fenton amount of reagent and response time and propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight
Embodiment 2: the main pharmacologically active experiment of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide
The main pharmacologically active experimental result of the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide that application the method for the invention makes is as follows, and following result all by the method for national regulation, obtains through system experimentation research.
A: the anticoagulant active test of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide
The capillary glass-tube is inserted mice endocanthion ball rear vein beard get blood, record the time of blood clotting silk occurs for testing the index of clotting time from taking a blood sample to; With after mice docking, record blood flows out to time that blood stops naturally index for the test bleeding time naturally.Utilize above two indexs to detect and compare anticoagulant effect and the bleeding risk of the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of different molecular weight, test result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2: low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is on clotting time of mice (CT) and the impact in bleeding time (BT) (± s, n=10)
*: P<0.05, compare with the blank group * *: P<0.01
Test result shows, various low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate intraperitoneal injections all can obviously extend clotting time of mice and bleeding time.Along with the rising of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight, its anticoagulant active raises gradually, but bleeding risk also can raise to some extent.
B: low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is on the thrombotic impact of rats in vitro
Utilize external artificial thrombosis device, the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of detection and comparison different molecular weight is the impact of anticoagulant effect on rats in vitro thrombosis, and test result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3: various low-molecular-weight polysaccharides are on the thrombotic impact of rats in vitro (± s, n=8)
*: P<0.05, compare with the blank group * *: P<0.01
Test result shows, the administration of various low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate vena femoralis injection all has a significant effect to thrombosis length and the weight that rat blood forms in simulation thrombosis instrument.The low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of weight average molecular weight 3kD namely can significantly suppress the formation of rats in vitro thrombosis, weight average molecular weight is that the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of 4kD, 6KD, 9KD also can significantly suppress the formation of rats in vitro thrombosis, and has compared extremely significant difference with the blank group.Simultaneously, along with the rising of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight, rats in vitro thrombosis length and weight reduce gradually, and its anticoagulant active raises gradually.
C: low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is on the thrombotic impact of rat carotid artery
Utilize the electricity irritation rat carotid artery to cause rat thrombus in vivo formation model, detect and compare the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of different molecular weight to the therapeutical effect of rat thrombus in vivo formation, test result is as shown in table 4.
The various low-molecular-weight polysaccharides of table 4 are on the thrombotic impact of electricity irritation rat carotid artery (± s, n=8)
*: P<0.05, compare with the blank group * *: P<0.01
Test result shows, various low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate intravenous administrations all have obvious prolongation effect to electricity irritation rat carotid artery thrombus formation time (off-period, Occlusion Time, OT).Weight average molecular weight is the i.e. obvious prolong rats thrombus in vivo formation time of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of 3kDa, and has compared significant difference with the blank group, and other each groups are compared with the blank group the extremely difference of significance.Simultaneously, along with the rising of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight, it suppresses the also obviously prolongation of thrombotic time.
D: low-molecular-weight polysaccharide is on thrombotic impact in Mice Body
Utilize collagen and epinephrine induced platelet to assemble hyperamization bolt thromboembolism model, detect and compare the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of different molecular weight to the impact of mice thrombus in vivo generation, namely on the impact of platelet aggregation, test result is as shown in table 5.
The various low-molecular-weight polysaccharides of table 5 are on thrombotic impact in Mice Body
*: P<0.05, compare with the blank group * *: P<0.01
Test result shows, various low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate intraperitoneal injections can obviously improve the thromboembolism mouse survival and recover number of elements.In conjunction with other test result analysis, although the anticoagulant active of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate is higher than low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate, but its hemorrhage side effect is also more serious, find that by dissecting mice the PSS group has the subcutaneous hemorrhage phenomenon, infer that tentatively the hemorrhage side effect under this dosage causes mouse survival rate and recovery rate obviously not to promote.Therefore in this test, the recovery number of the mice of injection propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate is injected obviously not raising of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide (FP-6K, FP-9K).Low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate FP6K, FP9K have the effect of antiplatelet aggregation, and its side effect significantly reduces, and therefore can be used as antithrombotic agents and use.
Show through above-mentioned serial experiment, along with the rising of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight, its anticoagulant active raises gradually, but bleeding risk also can raise to some extent; Along with the rising of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight, rats in vitro thrombosis length and weight reduce gradually; Along with the rising of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate weight average molecular weight, it suppresses the also obviously prolongation of thrombotic time; The recovery number of the mice of injection propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate is injected obviously not raising of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide, and low-molecular-weight propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate has the effect of antiplatelet aggregation, and its side effect significantly reduces.
Pharmacologically active result to sum up, low-molecular-weight polysaccharide of the present invention can be used as antithrombotic, anticoagulation medicine.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrating technical scheme of the present invention, but not is limited; Although with reference to previous embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can modify to the technical scheme that previous embodiment is put down in writing, perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.