CN102381865B - Method for producing baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding - Google Patents
Method for producing baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding Download PDFInfo
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- CN102381865B CN102381865B CN201110209468.8A CN201110209468A CN102381865B CN 102381865 B CN102381865 B CN 102381865B CN 201110209468 A CN201110209468 A CN 201110209468A CN 102381865 B CN102381865 B CN 102381865B
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- red mud
- magnesium slag
- slag
- magnesium
- lime
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 13
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 pottery Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004762 CaSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4] JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004503 fine granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding and belongs to the technical fields of comprehensive utilization of solid waste resources and novel building materials. The baking-free brick is produced by the processes of raw material pretreatment, grinding, metering, stirring and primary mixing, forced mixing, extruding, cutting, steam curing and the like. According to the mass ratio of red mud to magnesium slag to active mineral materials (blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag and fly ash) to lime is (45-50): (35-40): (10-15): (2-5); the mass ratio of a batch mixture to water is 100: (32-35); and the active mineral materials can be individually used and can also be mixed and collocated for use. In the batch mixture of the invention, the moisture of red mud can be up to more than 65%; production of a blank can be carried out by using a traditional vacuum extruder, and operation is simple; the product is easy to build, blank hardening speed is high, static curing time is short, occupied field is less, and energy consumption is low; and the product has the advantages of high strength, high carbonization coefficient, high softening coefficient, low water absorption, good damp and hot alternation resistance and frost resisting capacities and no saltpetering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of red mud and magnesium slag is that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding, belongs to industrial solid castoff comprehensive utilization of resources and building material technical field.
Background technology
Red mud is the solid slag discharging in aluminum oxide production process, according to the difference of process for making alumina, is divided into sintering process, Bayer process and mixed combining method red mud.Different with bauxite quality because of alumina-producing method, chemical composition, physical properties and the mineral facies of red mud are different, but because iron oxide content is higher, its appearance color is similar to laterite, therefore be generally commonly referred to as red mud.No matter red mud from sintering process or Bayer process red mud, its common characteristic all contains alkali, and due to the existence of alkali, what cause red mud utilizes difficulty very large, and this is the major cause that red mud utilization ratio is low.
China is the fourth-largest alumina producing state of the world, and 1 ton of aluminum oxide of every production approximately produces 1.5 tons of red muds (giving money as a gift), and dry red mud per ton is subsidiary 3～4m also
3alkali waste.According to incomplete estimation, China discharges more than 1,000 ten thousand tons of red muds every year, red mud accumulative total volume of cargo in storage is up to tens million of tons, mainly save as master with the wet method heap of building a dam, its utilization ratio is only 10% left and right, along with the reduction of aluminium industrial expansion and aluminum ore grade, red mud quantity discharged is by increasing, and its environmental problem producing has become the great restraining factors of Sustainable Development of Enterprises.From the national conditions of China, aluminium industry will keep vigorous growth momentum within the long duration, if but pollution problem, land seizure problem, wasting of resources problem that red mud produces can not get effective solution, will have a strong impact on the Sustainable development of aluminium industry.And to make this large solid waste of red mud be used widely, and just must first solve stabilization and the comprehensive utilization technique thereof of red mud alkali, this is one and perplexs domestic and international aluminum oxide industry for a long time but key subjects outstanding and that do not separate.
At present, abroad mainly contain about the resource utilization application of red mud: (1) Bayer process red mud for the production of cement, manufacture of intraocular lightweight aggregate concrete, as pitch filler, produce brick, as road basement material etc.(2) Bayer process red mud is in aspect utilization researchs such as agricultural, environment.As: Germany's test mixes and fills low lowland with Bayer process red mud and ooze, and becoming barren soil is good farmland; The U.S., Japan utilize Bayer process red mud to make the scavenging agent of waste water, waste gas, respond well, and cost is low etc.(3) red mud from sintering process is for the production of cement.As, Wal Hough, A Qin and the Ka Liefu alumina producer of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) taking nepheline as raw material production aluminum oxide utilizes red mud to produce cement, and carry out the two components batching tests of Wingdale, red mud from sintering process, cement can utilize red mud 629～795kg/t, for approach has been opened up in the comprehensive utilization of red mud from sintering process.
China is mainly to produce cement for red mud comprehensive utilization, fires that ordinary Portland cement, red mud replace clay to fire oil well cement, red mud is produced sulfate cement as red mud from sintering process for the production of cement, red mud for clay; Red mud also has report as novel wall material, as, the relevant scholar such as the Central China University of Science and Technology is also having research aspect red mud, flyash production non-sintered brick, and Shandong Aluminium Industrial Corp utilizes red mud to carry out large quantity research as novel wall material.In addition, utilize on a small quantity in addition red mud to fire the report of devitrified glass and water treatment porous ceramsite filter material, red mud also studies have reported that as the technology of valuable element in sweetening agent, flocculation agent, water conditioner, recovery red mud.From the chief component of red mud, it has the potentiality in industry sizeization application such as cement, concrete, pottery, building materials, roads, and this is also the major cause of current red mud from sintering process mainly for the production of cement.Visible, the existing utilization in various degree of domestic red mud from sintering process, but because it has the features such as discharge capacity is large, water ratio is high, alkalescence is strong, the Development of Comprehensive Utilization of Bayer process red mud is little.
The industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is production MAGNESIUM METAL, the method for production MAGNESIUM METAL is divided into electrolytic process, silicothermic process, carbothermic method, carbide reduction method.Silicothermic process is divided into again the semicontinuous silicothermic process of gondola Pidgeon process and France.In China, the main method adopting is the Pidgeon process in silicothermic process, it is the rhombspar with ferrosilicon (Si>75%) reduction calcining, in the tank of making at high temperature steel, vacuumizing and be heated to certain temperature has magnesium vapor and separates out, be provided with a cylindrical condenser at the cold junction of tank, magnesium is collected in condensation, then can obtain finished product magnesium through refining.In order to improve speed of reaction, generally in furnace charge, join a certain amount of additive of people, as CaF
2deng, production MAGNESIUM METAL.The waste residue generating after reduction is magnesium slag, gray large or fine granule shape and powdery, and every production 1t MAGNESIUM METAL is approximately discharged the magnesium slag of 9t.The composition fluctuation range of magnesium slag: CaO:40%～50%, Si0
2: 20%～30%, A1
2o
3: 2%～5%, MgO:6%～l0%, Fe203 approximately 9%.From its mineral composition, magnesium slag is more suitable for building materials industry.
The research abroad magnesium slag being utilized and report seldom, are retrieved and are found, the scholar of Brazilian federal university has done preliminary research to this industrial waste, find that magnesium residue material chemical composition is substantially by CaO and SiO
2, MgO and Fe
20
3composition, interacts and can generate CaSiO between these chemical compositions
4, CaMgSiO
4, MgO and Ca (OH)
2deng crystallized product, after magnesium slag is incorporated in mortar compared with silicate cement, contained basic oxide composition (K
2o and Na
20) extremely low, can improve the weather resistance of mortar.
At home, the magnesium slag that magnesium factory discharges mostly discharges accumulation as refuse, has not only taken a large amount of land resources, and farm crop and surrounding environment have been caused to great impact.Along with the shower of rainwater, magnesium slag imports rivers and lakes can cause very big impact to water body, seriously jeopardizes human health and crop growth.Aspect magnesium slag utilizes, the units such as Wuhan University of Technology, Xinan Polytechnical College, Hefei cement research institute, Shanxi architecture research institute have carried out exploratory development.As, Ding Qingjun etc. are studied as cement mixture magnesium slag, Huo Jichuan etc. are studied magnesium slag burden burning silicate cement clinker, Huang Congyun etc. are to utilizing magnesium slag prepare high-performance Portland clinker and be studied with magnesium slag replace lime stone batching firing silicate cement clinker, Zhao Aiqin etc. are studied utilizing magnesium slag to prepare novel wall material, direct levigate magnesium slag and a certain proportion of ground slag are mixed, under compound activator effect, preparation agglutinate is produced various novel wall materials.
From the current domestic and international general status about red mud and the utilization of magnesium slag, mainly concentrate on taking red mud or magnesium slag as main raw material or auxiliary material, coordinate flyash, slag, industrial gypsum etc. to produce cement or pavement material aspect, producing various novel wall materials also has on a small quantity and reports for work, and taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material, adopt extrusion technology to produce building non-burning brick research and application, have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is taking red mud, magnesium slag as main raw material, blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash are active mineral material, lime is Mineral additive, adopt extrusion technology, the method of the New Building Materials of production energy-conserving and environment-protective, in comprehensive utilization red mud and magnesium slag, alleviation red mud, magnesium slag muck are deposited and are processed the problem of environmental pollution bringing.
A kind of red mud of the present invention and magnesium slag are that main raw material extrusion moulding is produced non-burning brick method and is: first magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime are carried out to pre-treatment, then they are obtained to compound with red mud mixture by a certain percentage, and add process water to adjust the moisture ratio of compound, again through being uniformly mixed, extruding, cutting, quietly stop, the brickmaking operation such as code base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.The mass ratio that red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime mix is: 45～50:35～40:10～15:2～5.
(sintering process or mixed combining method red mud can directly use the industrial residue of discharging when red mud of the present invention is sintering process or Bayer process, mixed combining method alumina producing, Bayer process red mud can use after need or piling up drainage through simple physics sedimentation), the industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL in silicothermic process.Active mineral material is the blast furnace slag (Water Quenching Slag) of blast furnace ironmaking or electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag (solid waste producing in electric furnace process phosphorus production process), flyash (flying dust that collect in waste gas coal-burning power plant); Blast furnace slag in active mineral material, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash, can use separately, but also two or more collocation is used, SiO in the rear material of independent or collocation
2+ Al
2o
3>60%.Content of free calcium oxide > 65% in lime, total calcium oxide content > 80%, meets the Lime Quality requirement of JC/T621-1996 silicate building products.
Pre-treatment before described magnesium slag uses, is to process 3～5 hours with 0.8～1.0MPa steam activation in autoclave, and after release, naturally cooling, grinding became the powder that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 10%; Active mineral material with the pretreatment process of lime is: both are mixed to rear ageing 24～48 hours by mass percentage, and then grinding became the powder that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 5%.
In described compound, material and quality be than being 100:32～35, and the process water adding is the middle water of tap water or recovery, containing general industry waters such as alkali waste water, water of condensation; Being uniformly mixed of compound comprises just mixedly rubs mixed (Forced Mixing) two processes, and each mixing process operating time is 3～5 minutes, and to guarantee that in batching, material microcosmic is uniformly dispersed, adobe maintenance adopts steam press maintenance, and maintenance vapor pressure is 0.8～1.0Mpa.
Describedly extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaker's program process such as code base, vapor cure, be that the belt of the material after Forced Mixing is delivered to vacuum-extruder feed bin, extruded by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, put 2～6h depending on climatic condition, then carry out piling; After piling completes, send into steam-cured still and carry out vapor cure, after entrucking completes, close still door, start vacuum machine, pump air in still, open steam valve, slowly heat up, start 2 hours, control 30 DEG C of heat-up rate per half an hour, after 2 hours, open large steam, controlling maintenance vapor pressure is 0.8～1MPa, maintenance 6～8 hours, obtains finished product.
Non-burning brick formula that the present invention produces as main raw material, by extrusion moulding taking red mud and magnesium slag is red mud: magnesium slag: active mineral material: the mass ratio of lime is as 45～50:35～40:10～15:2～5.Active mineral material is one or more any mixture in blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash, its SiO
2+ Al
2o
3>60%.Products obtained therefrom is pressed test item sampling, carries out product performance detection, and particularly basic metal dissolution test is scum test.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) produce the non-burning brick ratio of building with other red mud, red mud raw material moisture used can be up to more than 65%, and the red mud of being carried by pipeline can meet production requirement after simple sedimentation.
(2) batching in without aggregate, available traditional vacuum-extruder is given birth to bad production, simple to operate, product is easily built by laying bricks or stones.
(3) compared with conventional sintering brick, green compact setting rate is fast, and the quiet curing time that stops is short, and occupied ground is few.
(4) take full advantage of the physical chemistry structure of red mud and magnesium slag, add appropriate active mineral material, under the exciting of lime, after vapor cure, water soluble alkali has finally formed feldspar structure, and finished product is the accumulation of salt in the surface soil not, has solved a difficult problem for the red mud baking-free building block accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
In a word, the practical situation that the present invention is large in conjunction with China's Alumina Enterprise red mud amount, utilization ratio is low, make full use of composition structure and the chemical property of magnesium slag, add appropriate active mineral material, taking lime as exciting agent, through vapor cure, finally form the mineral structure taking ca aluminosilicate, hydrated calcium silicate, sodium silicoaluminate etc. as main body, solved the unburned material of construction accumulation of salt in the surface soil problem that traditional red mud is produced, its product performance meet standard brick MU10 specification of quality for building.Non-burning brick main raw material(s) is the industrial residue such as red mud, magnesium slag, and trade waste rate of utilization reaches 95%, be conducive to solve red mud, magnesium slag muck is deposited the problem of environmental pollution of processing and bring, for the recycling of red mud and magnesium slag has been opened up a new approach that utilizes.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated, but technology contents of the present invention is not limited to described scope.
embodiment 1:
Produce non-burning brick taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material, its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime.The mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is 45:40:10:5; Active mineral material, by blast furnace slag, yellow phosphorus furnace slag and flyash, mixes by the mass ratio of 3:3:4.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding, first magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime to be carried out to pre-treatment, then by red mud: magnesium slag: active mineral material: the quality percentage of lime is 45:40:10:5, obtain compound with red mud mixture, and add tap water in compound, the mass ratio of adjusting material and water is 100:35, again through being uniformly mixed, extruding, cutting, quietly stop, the brickmaking operation such as code base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud adopting is the industrial residue (not doing any processing directly uses) in alumina by sintering production process, the industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL in silicothermic process.The weight ratio collocation that active mineral material is pressed 3:3:4 by blast furnace slag, electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag, the flyash of blast furnace ironmaking is used (SiO
2+ Al
2o
3=67%).Lime is content of free calcium oxide > 65%, and total calcium oxide content > 80% meets JC/T621-1996 silicate building products unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before magnesium slag uses: magnesium slag is packed in the square basket without upper cover, each sideband Φ 3 apertures of surrounding, side's basket is put on maintenance dolly, draw car and send into steam-cured still by moving, utilize the saturation steam thermal treatment 5 hours that pressure is 8MPa, after release, naturally cooling, carry out grinding with Raymond mill, be less than 10% to crossing 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime is: by active mineral material: the mass ratio of lime is 10:5 batching, mixing of materials evenly after ageing 24 hours, then carry out grinding with small grinder, granularity was that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 5%.
Being uniformly mixed of compound, comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, to guarantee that in batching, material microcosmic is uniformly dispersed.Just the mixed double-shaft horizontal of selecting stirs, and churning time is 3 minutes, and then rubs mixed 5 minutes with forced double-axis kneader.Material after Forced Mixing is delivered to vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extruded by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into standard brick size.The green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, naturally put 2h, then carry out piling; After piling completes, send into steam-cured still and carry out vapor cure, after entrucking completes, close still door, start vacuum machine, pump air in still, open steam valve, slowly heat up, start 2 hours, control 30 DEG C of heat-up rate per half an hour, after 2 hours, open large steam, control vapor pressure is 0.8MPa, maintenance 8h, obtains finished product.
By formula metering red mud, steam-cured grinding magnesium slag be mixed in proportion blast furnace slag and the lime of ageing, ball milling, according to the moisture content of each feedstock analysis, the moisture content that makes to prepare burden is 35% of butt material.Total material is mixed through just mixing, rubbing, force to extrude, cutting, quietly stop, code base, maintenance be product.
Product is naturally put and after 3 days, is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 12.21MPa, average folding strength 2.77MPa, water-intake rate 9.27%, carbonation coefficient 82.00%, coefficient of softening 86.34%, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 8.3%, mass loss is 1.86%, vibration 24h, basic metal solubility rate is 23.7mg/kg butt standard brick.
embodiment 2: produce non-burning brick taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material, its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime.The mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is 45:35:15:5; Active mineral material is by blast furnace slag and flyash, and by quality, 2:1 mixes.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding, first magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime to be carried out to pre-treatment, then by them by red mud: magnesium slag: active mineral material: mass percent=45:35:15:5 mixture of lime obtains compound, and in compound, add middle water, adjust material and biodiversity than being 100:33, then through being uniformly mixed, extruding, cutting, quietly stop, the brickmaking operation such as code base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud adopting is the industrial residue (carrying out simple physics sedimentation processing before effect, is mainly to isolate excessive moisture) in Bayer process aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL in silicothermic process.Active mineral material is blast furnace slag (Water Quenching Slag) and the flyash (flying dust that collect in waste gas coal-burning power plant) of blast furnace ironmaking, uses (its SiO by the mass ratio collocation of 2:1
2+ Al
2o
3=62%).Lime is content of free calcium oxide > 65%, and total calcium oxide content > 80% meets JC/T621-1996 silicate building products unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before magnesium slag uses: magnesium slag is packed in the square basket without upper cover, each sideband Φ 3 apertures of surrounding, side's basket is put on maintenance dolly, draw car and send into steam-cured still by moving, utilize pressure for 10MPa steam treatment 3 hours, after naturally cooling, carry out grinding with Raymond mill, granularity was that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 10%; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime: by active mineral material: lime quality is than mixing for 15:2, through ageing 36 hours, carries out grinding with ball mill, and granularity was the powder that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 5%.
Being uniformly mixed of compound comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, and to guarantee that in batching, material dispersion is even, first stirs 5 minutes with double-shaft horizontal stirrer, then rubs and mixes 3 minutes with twin shaft kneader.Material after Forced Mixing is delivered to vacuum-extruder feed bin with belt, extruded by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, naturally put 6h, then carry out piling; After piling completes, send into steam-cured still and carry out vapor cure, after entrucking completes, close still door, start vacuum machine, pump air in still, open steam valve, slowly heat up, start 2 hours, control 30 DEG C of heat-up rate per half an hour, after 2 hours, open large steam, control vapor pressure is 0.9MPa, maintenance 8 hours, obtains finished product.
Product is naturally put and after 3 days, is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 13.17MPa, average folding strength 3.13MPa, water-intake rate 8.66%, carbonation coefficient 81.87%, coefficient of softening 88.17%, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 7.34%, mass loss is 1.82%, vibration 24h, basic metal solubility rate is 43.12mg/kg butt standard brick.
embodiment 3:produce non-burning brick taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material, its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, flyash, lime.The mass percent of red mud and magnesium slag, flyash, lime is 45:40:13:2.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding, first magnesium slag is carried out after thermal activation processing in proportion and lime mixing ageing, the powder that grinding became 0.083 square hole sieve screen over-size to be less than 8%, then by red mud: magnesium slag: flyash: the mass ratio of lime is 45:40:13:2 mixture, in compound, add tap water, the mass ratio of adjusting material and water is 100:32, again through being uniformly mixed, extruding, cutting, quietly stop, the brickmaking operation such as code base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud adopting is the industrial residue (not needing to process direct use) in mixed combining method aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL in silicothermic process.Active mineral material is flyash (solid waste producing in coal fired power generation process, SiO
2+ Al
2o
3=65%), lime is content of free calcium oxide > 65%, and total calcium oxide content > 80% meets JC/T621-1996 silicate building products unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before magnesium slag uses, that magnesium slag is packed in the square basket without upper cover, each sideband Φ 3 apertures of surrounding, side's basket is put on maintenance dolly, draw car and send into steam-cured still by moving, utilize pressure for 9MPa steam activation processing 4h, naturally cooling after release, carries out grinding with Raymond mill, and its granularity was that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 10%; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime: press the mass ratio batching of active mineral material: lime=10:5, ageing 36 hours after mixing, then carries out grinding with small grinder, and its granularity was the powder that 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size is less than 5%.
Being uniformly mixed of compound comprises just mixed two processes of mixing of rubbing, and to guarantee that in batching, material dispersion is even, first stirs 3 minutes with double-shaft horizontal stirrer, and then rubs mixed 5 minutes with twin shaft kneader.Extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaker's program process such as code base, vapor cure, be that the belt of the material after Forced Mixing is delivered to vacuum-extruder feed bin, extruded by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, naturally put 4h, then carry out piling; After piling completes, send into steam-cured still and carry out vapor cure, after entrucking completes, close still door, start vacuum machine, pump air in still, open steam valve, slowly heat up, start 2 hours, control 30 DEG C of heat-up rate per half an hour, after 2 hours, open large steam, control vapor pressure is 1MPa, maintenance 6 hours, obtains finished product.
By formula metering red mud, steam-cured grinding magnesium slag be mixed in proportion blast furnace slag and the lime of ageing, ball milling, according to the moisture content of each feedstock analysis, the moisture content that makes to prepare burden is 35% of butt material.Total material is mixed through just mixing, rubbing, force to extrude, cutting, quietly stop, code base, maintenance be product.
Product is naturally put and after 3 days, is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 12.36MPa, average folding strength 2.87MPa, water-intake rate 9.32%, carbonation coefficient 83.67%, coefficient of softening 86.13%, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 8.80%, mass loss is 1.67%, vibration 24h, basic metal solubility rate is 15.37mg/kg butt standard brick.
embodiment 4: produce non-burning brick taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material, its constituent is red mud, magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime, and the mass ratio of red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, lime is 50:38:12:3; Active mineral material, by yellow phosphorus furnace slag and flyash, mixes by the weight ratio of 1:1.
Referring to Fig. 1, should produce non-burning brick method taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material extrusion moulding, first magnesium slag, electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash and lime to be carried out to pre-treatment, then they are pressed to red mud: magnesium slag: the butt mass ratio of electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag: flyash: lime=50:38:6:6:3, carry out mixture with red mud and obtain compound, and in compound, add the water of condensation of recovery, adjusting material is 100:34 with biodiversity ratio, again through being uniformly mixed, extruding, cutting, quietly stop, the brickmaking operation such as code base, vapor cure, obtain non-burning brick.
The red mud adopting is the industrial residue (through natural packing drainage) in Bayer process aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL in silicothermic process.Active mineral material is that electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag and flyash use (its SiO by the weight ratio collocation of 1:1
2+ Al
2o
3=60%).Lime is content of free calcium oxide > 65%, and total calcium oxide content > 80% meets JC/T621-1996 silicate building products unslaked lime.
Pre-treatment before magnesium slag uses, that magnesium slag is packed in the square basket without upper cover, each sideband Φ 3 apertures of surrounding, side's basket is put on maintenance dolly, draw car and send into steam-cured still by moving, utilize 8MPa steam treatment 4.5 hours, after naturally cooling, carry out grinding with Raymond mill, be less than 10% to crossing 0.083mm square hole sieve screen over-size; The pre-treatment of active mineral material and lime, be by them by electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag: the mass ratio of flyash: lime=6:6:3 mixes rear ageing 48 hours, then carries out grinding with ball mill, to the powder of crossing 0.083mm square hole sieve surplus and being less than 5%.
Being uniformly mixed of compound comprises first mixed two processes of rubbing that mix, and to guarantee that in batching, material dispersion is even, carries out just mixing 4 minutes with double-shaft horizontal stirrer, rubs and mixes 4 minutes with twin shaft malaxator.Extrude, cutting, quietly stop, brickmaker's program process such as code base, vapor cure, be that the belt of the material after Forced Mixing is delivered to vacuum-extruder feed bin, extruded by screw compulsory, be automatically cut into standard brick size; Then the green compact of well cutting are delivered to the quiet chamber of stopping, naturally put 3h, then carry out piling; After piling completes, send into steam-cured still and carry out vapor cure, after entrucking completes, close still door, start vacuum machine, pump air in still, open steam valve, slowly heat up, start 2 hours, control 30 DEG C of heat-up rate per half an hour, after 2 hours, open large steam, control vapor pressure is 0.8MPa, maintain normal curing temperature and protect 7 hours, obtain finished product.
Product is naturally put and after 3 days, is carried out performance measurement: mean compressive strength 10.25MPa, average folding strength 2.53MPa, water-intake rate 8.76%, carbonation coefficient 84.50%, coefficient of softening 87.32%, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 7.8%, mass loss is 1.53%, vibration 24h, basic metal solubility rate is 16.38mg/kg butt standard brick.
Claims (6)
1. a red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding, it is characterized in that: taking red mud and magnesium slag as main raw material, active mineral material and lime are auxiliary material, first to magnesium slag, active mineral material and lime carry out pre-treatment, then press red mud and magnesium slag, active mineral material, mass ratio 45～50: 35～40: 10～15: 2～5 mixtures of lime obtain compound, and according to the middle water of expecting to add with the mass ratio 100: 32～35 of water tap water or recovery, containing alkali waste water, water of condensation is adjusted moisture ratio in compound, again through mixing, extrude, cutting, quiet stopping, code base, vapor cure brickmaking operation, obtain non-burning brick, active mineral material is the flyash that collect from waste gas the blast furnace slag of blast furnace ironmaking or electric furnace process yellow phosphorus furnace slag, coal-burning power plant.
2. red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: red mud is the industrial residue in sintering process or Bayer process, mixed combining method aluminum oxide production process, the industrial residue of discharging when magnesium slag is the Pidgeon process production MAGNESIUM METAL in silicothermic process.
3. red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the blast furnace slag in active mineral material, yellow phosphorus furnace slag, flyash, can use separately, but also two or more collocation is used SiO in the rear material of independent or collocation
2+ Al
2o
3>60%.
4. red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pre-treatment before magnesium slag uses, be to process 3～5 hours through 8～10MPa steam activation, after release, naturally cooling, grinding became the powder that 0.083mm square hole sieve surplus is less than 10%; Active mineral material with the pretreatment process of lime is: both are mixed to rear ageing 24～48 hours by mass percentage, and then grinding became the powder that 0.083mm square hole sieve surplus is less than 5%.
5. red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mixing process of compound comprises that just mixed rubbing mixed two processes, and each mixing process operating time is 3～5 minutes.
6. red mud and magnesium slag are that non-burning brick method is produced in main raw material extrusion moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: brickmaking is 2～6h between the quiet stopping time of raw adobe after extruding, cutting in producing; The vapor cure of adobe is carried out in steam-cured still, when operation, first pump air in still, then open steam valve, slowly heat up, start 2 hours, control 30 DEG C of heat-up rate per half an hour, after 2 hours, open large cap relief valve, control vapor pressure is 0.8～1MPa, maintain normal curing temperature 6～8 hours, obtain finished product.
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| CN111233437A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of non-efflorescence high-doping-amount red mud sintered brick |
| CN117964343B (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-06-11 | 河南人邦科技股份有限公司 | Sintered porous brick based on magnesium slag and sludge and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1844029A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2006-10-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093011A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-06-15 | 司密花 | Burning-free block brick prepared from bulky industrial waste residues |
| CN102093004A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-15 | 郭东京 | Composite tailing non-fired and non-steamed building block brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1844029A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2006-10-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN102093011A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-06-15 | 司密花 | Burning-free block brick prepared from bulky industrial waste residues |
| CN102093004A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-15 | 郭东京 | Composite tailing non-fired and non-steamed building block brick and preparation method thereof |
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