A kind of Rapid centering device for laser focus position
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser processing, relate in particular to the device of automatically determining fast focal position in a kind of Laser Processing.
Background technology
Laser processing technology is just being widely used in field of machining and machinebuilding technology as a part for special processing technology.In laser processing procedure, the technological factor that affects its crudy mainly contains laser power, process velocity, defocusing amount, protective gas etc.And defocusing amount, i.e. distance between laser spot and workpiece surface, is an important technological parameter, and it has determined the size of laser energy density, and it is inaccurate or inconvenient that defocusing amount is selected, and must affect crudy and working (machining) efficiency.
The defocusing amount of laser processing procedure is generally chosen in advance at present, this just required before the formal processing parts of laser, need to first determine focal position of laser, then according to this focal position, carry out again to determine defocusing amount, the outbalance so definite focal position of laser just seems.At present the aligning method of conventional focal position has: the one: near focus, burning on millboard or resin plate a continuous cut from low to high with low-power continuous laser, the thickness of comparison cut changes the position of determining laser spot; The 2nd: near focus, getting at regular intervals on steel plate keyhole from low to high with high power pulse laser, relatively the size of keyhole is determined the position of laser spot.The shortcoming of these two kinds of methods is to repeat test, and precision is low, repeatedly determines that the uniformity of focal position of laser is poor.
China Patent Publication No. is " CN 101823181 A ", name is called " a kind of method of quickly calibrating focal position of laser and mechanism ", a kind of method and mechanism of quickly calibrating focal position of laser are disclosed, by the light path near lens is blocked to half, thereby make laser beam only become the picture of semicircle shape; Again will be apart from pressing linear change, laser is carried out after ablation steel plate at the front and back position of focus, relatively thereby the position of laser spot is determined in the variation of light spot shape, the method and mechanism and conventional method are similar, can not effectively solve determining and the consistency problem of centering repeatedly of laser spot fast precise.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the alignment device that provides one can carry out to focal position of laser convenient, quick, accurate (high conformity), effectively solves the drawback of focal position of laser centering in existing Laser Processing.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: power driving part connects Laser Processing head member by drive disk assembly, the foot of Laser Processing head member is probe, probe electrical connection PLC control assembly, power driving part comprises DC24V motor, speed-changing gear box and clutch, DC24V electric electromechanics connects PLC control assembly and connects clutch by speed-changing gear box, Timing Belt one end of clutch connection for transmission parts, the Timing Belt other end connects synchromesh gear, the lower end of the affixed lathe feed screw of synchromesh gear, on lathe feed screw, be set with feed screw nut, one side of the affixed lathe Z-direction of feed screw nut side plate, the affixed Laser Processing head member of opposite side of lathe Z-direction side plate.
Described clutch comprises clutch shaft, clutch bearing pin, internal tooth synchronous pulley and clutch gear; Clutch shaft and clutch gear are all coaxially arranged in the lumen of the internal tooth synchronous pulley of tubular; The coaxial affixed clutch shaft in power output shaft lower end of speed-changing gear box, clutch shaft is fixedly connected with one end of clutch bearing pin, and the clutch bearing pin other end is flexibly connected clutch gear downwards; Internal tooth synchronous pulley is meshed with interior external tooth with clutch gear, between clutch shaft and internal tooth synchronous pulley, leaves gap, and internal tooth synchronous pulley outer ring connects Timing Belt one end.
Described Laser Processing head member comprises probe telescopic rod, fairlead and detection pedestal, on probe, part is by the affixed probe telescopic rod of screw thread lower end, probe telescopic rod external series gap cover has fairlead, the affixed detection pedestal of fairlead, and detection pedestal is fixed in the opposite side of lathe Z-direction side plate.
Affixed clutch pull rod upper end in the middle of described clutch gear, clutch pull rod stage casing connects clutch handle fixed head by plane bearing, the lower end of the affixed clutch handle in clutch pull rod lower end, clutch handle is through the groove on clutch handle fixed head and be articulated with clutch handle fixed head by connector, the upper end of clutch handle is contacted with the contact of gauge tap and clutch gear downwards in throwing off on-of pin shaft position after upwards pulling, gauge tap electrical connection PLC control assembly.
The probe telescopic rod left and right sides is symmetrical arranged a pair of driving lever and pair of links, and driving lever stage casing is flexibly connected with the lower end of connecting rod by pin, and the lower end of driving lever is hinged on to be surveyed on pedestal, the affixed retainer ring being solidly set in probe telescopic rod in pair of links upper end.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, can realize the object of automatically looking for focal position, solve focal position of laser centering inconvenience, precision is low, uniformity is poor shortcoming, realize the accurate location of probe, finally realize efficiently quick, the convenient accurate centering of focal position of laser.
2, there is power drive closing function, can avoid process mid-focal length exploring block to produce and interfere.
3, reasonable in design, simple in structure, easily manufactured, can effectively solve the convenience, accuracy of focal position of laser centering and the problem such as uniformity of centering repeatedly, thereby improve the quality of Laser Processing, reduced the non-cutting time of centering, reduced finished product percent defective.
brief description of the drawings
Below by the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail;
Fig. 1 is the assembly drawing of focal position of laser alignment device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure enlarged drawing of Laser Processing head member G in Fig. 1, the dextrad view that in Fig. 1, Laser Processing head member G amplifies;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged front view of Fig. 1 medium power driver part F, the left-hand view that Fig. 1 medium power driver part F amplifies;
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of local H in Fig. 3; It is the enlarged drawing of clutch;
In figure: 1. probe, 2. collet, 3. survey pedestal, 4. fairlead, 5, 10. driving lever, 6, 9. connecting rod, 7. retainer ring, 8. probe telescopic rod, 11. connectors, 12. clutch handles, 13. speed-changing gear boxs, 14.DC24V motor, 15. transition gussets, 16. power output shafts, 17. clutch shafts, 17-1. clutch bearing pin, 18. internal tooth synchronous pulleys, 19. clutch gears, 20. pull bar dog screws, 21. plane bearings, 22. clutch pull rods, 23. gauge taps, 24. clutch handle fixed heads, A. Timing Belt, B. synchromesh gear, C. feed screw nut, D. lathe feed screw, E. lathe Z-direction side plate.F. power driving part.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention initiatively comprises these three large parts of power driving part F, drive disk assembly and Laser Processing head member G, and power driving part F connects Laser Processing head member G by drive disk assembly.Wherein, drive disk assembly comprises Timing Belt A, synchromesh gear B, feed screw nut C and lathe feed screw D.The one end of Timing Belt A in power driving part F connection for transmission parts, the other end of Timing Belt A connects synchromesh gear B, synchromesh gear B is fixedly connected on the lower end of lathe feed screw D, the upper part of lathe feed screw D is above set with supporting with it feed screw nut C, feed screw nut C is fixedly connected with a side of lathe Z-direction side plate E, and the opposite side of lathe Z-direction side plate E is fixedly connected with Laser Processing head member G.Drive successively Timing Belt A motion, synchromesh gear B and lathe feed screw D to rotate by power driving part F, the rotation of lathe feed screw D makes feed screw nut C axially moving up and down along lathe feed screw D, to rotatablely move and change rectilinear motion into, thereby drive Laser Processing head member G to move up and down by lathe Z-direction side plate E.
Referring to Fig. 2, Laser Processing head member G surveys for focusing, and by probe 1, collet 2, detection pedestal 3, fairlead 4, driving lever 5,10, connecting rod 6,9, retainer ring 7, probe telescopic rod 8 form; Wherein, detection pedestal 3 is fixedly connected on the opposite side of lathe Z-direction side plate E, by surveying pedestal 3, Laser Processing head member G and lathe Z-direction side plate E is fixed together.The foot of Laser Processing head member G is probe 1, probe 1 is electrically connected with PLC control assembly (having omitted PLC control assembly in figure), the upper part of probe 1 is fixedly connected with probe telescopic rod 8 lower ends by engage thread, the screw position capable of regulating between probe 1 and probe telescopic rod 8.Probe telescopic rod 8 is vertically placed, probe telescopic rod 8 overcoat fairleads 4, with fairlead 4 matched in clearance, fairlead 4 is fixedly connected on to be surveyed on pedestal 3, makes interference fit to fix by cylindrical and the endoporus of surveying on pedestal 3 of fairlead 4.Fairlead 4 lower end positions, and probe telescopic rod 8 between collet 2 is set, finely tune by collet 2 in the gap between probe telescopic rod 8 and fairlead 4.When work, realize and survey move up and down (displacement) of pedestal by lathe Z-direction side plate E, thereby band is used 1 move up and down of popping one's head in.
For avoiding 1 possibility of being interfered in process appearance of popping one's head in, the work that also needs to shrink probe 1 in formal first being processed.Therefore, symmetrical a pair of driving lever 5,10 and pair of links 6,9 are set in the left and right sides of probe telescopic rod 8, driving lever 5,10 stage casings are flexibly connected with the lower end of connecting rod 6,9 by pin, and the lower end of driving lever 5,10 is hinged on to be surveyed on pedestal 3.The upper end of pair of links 6,9 is fixedly connected on retainer ring 7 by screw, retainer ring 7 by himself endoporus and screw fixed cover in probe telescopic rod 8.Like this, pull a pair of driving lever 5,10, drive pair of links 6,9 interlocks, thereby drive retainer ring 7 to move up and down by pair of links 6,9, realize slide up and down (displacement) of probe telescopic rod 8, the final upper and lower displacement that realizes probe 1, can complete the work of shrinking probe 1 after this position is fixed.
Referring to Fig. 3, power driving part F comprises DC24V motor 14, speed-changing gear box 13 and clutch, and power driving part F connects one end of Timing Belt A by clutch.DC24V motor 14, speed-changing gear box 13 is all fixedly mounted on transition gusset 15.DC24V motor 14 connects clutch by speed-changing gear box 13, and DC24V motor 14 is electrically connected to PLC control assembly.
Referring to Fig. 3-4, speed-changing gear box 13 connects clutch by its power output shaft 16.Clutch comprises clutch shaft 17, clutch bearing pin 17-1, internal tooth synchronous pulley 18 and clutch gear 19.Wherein, the lower end of power output shaft 16 is coaxially fixedly connected with clutch shaft 17, and both make hole axle and coordinate connection.Clutch shaft 17 is fixedly connected with one end of clutch bearing pin 17-1, the clutch bearing pin 17-1 other end extends downwards in the respective aperture of clutch gear 19, clutch bearing pin 17-1 is connected by draw key with clutch gear 19, clutch bearing pin 17-1 can be uniform 3, like this, clutch shaft 17 drives clutch gear 19 to rotate by clutch bearing pin 17-1.Internal tooth synchronous pulley 18 is tubular, clutch shaft 17 and clutch gear 19 are all arranged in the lumen of internal tooth synchronous pulley 18, and clutch shaft 17, clutch gear 19 and internal tooth synchronous pulley 18 threes are coaxial, internal tooth synchronous pulley 18 is engaged and is connected by interior external tooth with clutch gear 19, between clutch shaft 17 and internal tooth synchronous pulley 18, leave gap, the one end of Timing Belt A in internal tooth synchronous pulley 18 outer ring connection layouts 1, moves by the Timing Belt A that rotarily drives of internal tooth synchronous pulley 18.Clutch shaft 17 drives clutch gear 19 to rotate by clutch bearing pin 17-1, and internal tooth synchronous pulley 18 connects with synchromesh gear B by Timing Belt A, thereby has realized rotatablely moving of synchromesh gear B.
Focal position timing before Laser Processing, after probe 1 and part to be processed upper surface are responded to, corresponding signal is transferred to PLC control assembly, now PLC control assembly obtains after this signal feedback, export corresponding signal to DC24V motor 14, DC24V motor 14 is according to the signal obtaining, drive power output shaft 16 to carry out corresponding rotatablely moving, thereby drive successively clutch shaft 17, clutch bearing pin 17-1, clutch gear 19, internal tooth synchronous pulley 18, Timing Belt A, synchromesh gear B, lathe feed screw D, feed screw nut C motion, the probe 1 of Laser Processing head member G is moved up and down, the effect that focal position of laser is looked in final realization automatically.
Referring to Fig. 3-4, adding man-hour, for avoiding lathe feed screw D easily damaged, a trip gear is set on power driving part F, realize power output closing function.This trip gear is included in and on clutch gear 19, is fixedly connected with clutch pull rod 22, the upper end of clutch pull rod 22 is middle by the affixed clutch gear 19 of pull bar dog screw 20, the stage casing of clutch pull rod 22 connects plane bearing 21, plane bearing 21 connects clutch handle fixed head 24 simultaneously, and plane bearing 21 is coordinated to connection with the endoporus on clutch handle fixed head 24.Referring to Fig. 3-4, the lower end of clutch pull rod 22 is fixedly connected with to the lower end of clutch handle 12, the groove that clutch handle 12 passes on clutch handle fixed head 24, and be hinged on clutch handle fixed head 24 by connector 11, connector 11 can be made up of screw, spring, steel ball.On clutch handle fixed head 24 and near clutch handle 12 positions, gauge tap 23 is set, gauge tap 23 is electrically connected to PLC control assembly.Upwards extend the upper end of clutch handle 12, it is operating side, when upwards pulling the operating side of clutch handle 12, realize rotatablely moving of self by connector 11, thereby drive clutch pull rod 22 to move downward, now, clutch pull rod 22 drives clutch gear 19 down slidings (displacement) by pull bar dog screw 20, hole and clutch bearing pin 17-1 on clutch gear 19 are thrown off, and clutch gear 19, downwards in throwing off clutch bearing pin 17-1 position, is realized power output closing function.When power output is closed, the position of pulling clutch handle 12 just in time contacts with the contact on gauge tap 23, signal is transferred to PLC control assembly by gauge tap 23, thereby connect lathe self lead screw motor control power supply, and lathe self control system can normally be worked.So far, the work of whole focal position of laser centering is all complete, can carry out the formal processing tasks of laser.