CN102371362B - Static and dynamic balance processing method for heavy-duty hollow roller way - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a static and dynamic balance processing method for a heavy-duty hollow roller way, relating to an improvement on a heavy-duty hollow roller way processing method, and provides a static and dynamic balance processing method for a heavy-duty hollow roller way, which is used for eliminating unbalanced centrifugal force and couple moment of a roller inertia force system and avoiding welding of a balance block on a roller of the hollow roller way by making a rotating shaft of a workpiece be consistent to a central inertia main shaft of the workpiece with a corresponding machining technical measure. The method comprises the following steps of: determining the central inertia axis of an axis flexural hollow body on the non-processing length L section of an inner hole of a roller body; computing the distance Yc between the figure center of the non-processing section L of the inner hole of a roller body blank and the axis o/1-o/2 of a main axle of a machine tool; moving a static balance roller body blank upwards in parallel by the distance Yc, so that the figure center of the non-processing section L of the inner hole of the roller body blank is overlapped with the axis o/1-o/2 of the main axle of the machine tool; and turning a roller body outer circle and an assembly hole.

Description

The quiet dynamically balanced processing method of the hollow roller-way of a kind of heavy type

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the improvement of heavy hollow roller-way processing method.

Background technology:

The unbalance inertia force that the hollow roller-way that heavy mill table is equipped is in operation and produces is that roll shaft fracture, bearing wear and axle are the basic reason of vibrating with Equipment Foundations.The inwall of the elongated hollow body of roll is keeping the hot rolling blank state without machining, axis bending and wall thickness that tubular body of roll blank forms in course of hot rolling are irregular, cause the hollow part body when roller moves, to produce inertia force resultant moment vector of couple, constituted the quiet unbalance dynamic of hollow road roller.The prior art processing method is to be finish-machined at body of roll cylindrical semifinishing allowance endoporus, by doing static balance and adding the weldering balance weight at body of roll inner walls of deep holes; The hollow body of roll and roll shaft hot charging are back by doing secondary static balance imbalance correction amount behind the two end roll shaft diameter of axle centering fine finishining body of roll external diameters and adding the specification requirement that the weldering balance weight reaches balance quality at the roll shaft end face in groups.This complicated operation that in body of roll deep hole, reaches roll shaft end face welding balance weight, not only operating difficulties, a large amount of man-hours of consumption and raw material; And spatter thing adhesion mating holes surface causes cleaning difficulty, and produces the irregular hot charging quality that influences of the circumferential magnitude of interference of pilot hole because welding heat causes the two ends hot charging to join bore deformation.The more important thing is that hollow roller roller welds balance weight in equipment operation running, if not prison welding comes off, cause producing unbalance inertia force.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention is exactly at the problems referred to above, provide a kind of by taking corresponding Machining Technology measure, rotating shaft and its central principal axis of inertia of workpiece are reached unanimity, to cut down uneven centrifugal force and the moment of couple of roller inertial force system, avoid the quiet dynamically balanced processing method of heavy hollow roller-way at hollow roller-way welding balance weight.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, the present invention includes following steps:

1) body of roll blank is in the static balance position, with body of roll blank two ends endoporus at lathe spindle axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂The location is installed.Along coordinate system (O ₁Y, Z) Z-direction, the axis of bending O of the non-processing sections L of intercepting body of roll blank endoporus ₁⌒ O ₂Be the n equal segments.Put amesdial in body of roll blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/On the A indicating value of ordering be 0, along continuous straight runs moves the deflection y that amesdial is measured corresponding each waypoint of transversal A ⌒ B ^/ _i, the deflection y that the B point is ordered with respect to A ^/ _n

Put amesdial respectively in body of roll blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/On A ^/Point, B ^/It is 0 that point is adjusted indicating value, and along continuous straight runs moves amesdial and measures the A point with respect to A ^/The deflection y of point _AWith the B point with respect to B ^/The deflection y of point _B

2) calculate the centre of form of the non-processing sections L of body of roll blank endoporus apart from machine tool chief axis axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Distance Y c:

$Y_c=\frac{y_A+y_B}{2}+\frac{1}{n}[\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{y}_i^{/}-\frac{n-1}{2}{y}_n^{/}]$

To be in static balance position body of roll blank and move Y on parallel _cBe worth distance, make the centre of form and the lathe spindle axis o of the non-processing sections L of body of roll blank endoporus ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Overlapping, reface body of roll cylindrical and pilot hole guarantee the axiality of body of roll inside and outside circle finished surface less than 0.02mm, and leave body of roll cylindrical allowance for finish.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, avoided in body of roll deep hole complicated operation and a large amount of man-hour and the raw materials consumption of welding balance weight operating difficulties, and caused cleaning difficulty and welding heat because of spatter thing adhesion mating holes surface and cause the two ends hot charging to join the irregular hot charging quality that influences of the bore deformation generation circumferential magnitude of interference of pilot hole.Also removed simultaneously the worry that the welding balance weight comes off under the alternate load effect.And only need according to measuring body of roll blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The result of YZ cross section transversal; Move distance Y c value on body of roll blank is parallel, namely reach the centre of form and the lathe spindle axis o of the non-processing sections L of blank endoporus ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Overlapping purpose, implementation process is simple and easy.

Facts have proved that 2, this kind static and dynamic equilibrium processing method is welded balance weight, fine-processing technique again after than traditional spindle nose, body of roll roughing, have and save resource, enhance productivity, shorten the production cycle and guarantee the mixed economy technique effect of product quality.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is that body of roll hollow part central principal axis of inertia is asked and made schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram is placed in static balance;

Fig. 3 is that static balance detects schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is hollow roller roller assembly structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is body of roll blank structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the body of roll after machining.

The specific embodiment:

The present invention includes following steps:

Determine the central principal axis of inertia of the axis bending hollow physique of the non-processing length L section of the body of roll 2 endoporus:

As shown in Figure 1, put the body of roll 2 blanks be in the static balance position, with the two ends endoporus at lathe spindle axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Last installation location.Along coordinate system (O ₁Y, Z) Z-direction, the axis of bending O of the non-processing sections L of the intercepting body of roll 2 blank endoporus ₁⌒ O ₂Be the n equal segments.Because the radius of curvature of axis of bending is quite big, the axis of each section can straight line replaces, and for the y coordinate of i section axis relational expression is arranged:

$y=y_i+(y_{i+1}-y_i)\frac{n}{L}Z$

At coordinate system (O ₁Y, Z) in, the centre of form of the non-processing sections L of the body of roll 2 blank endoporus has following relationship:

$y_c=\frac{1}{L}\underset{0}{\overset{L}{\∫}}\mathrm{ydz}=\frac{1}{L}\underset{i=0}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\∫}_0^{\frac{L}{n}}[y_i+(y_{i+1}-y_i)\frac{n}{L}z]\mathrm{dz}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{y}_i$

Because the radius of curvature of axis of bending is quite big, the body of roll 2 blank outer cylindrical wall are at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/, A ⌒ B get rid of axis inclination factor respectively with axis of bending O ^/ ₁⌒ ^/O ₂, O ₁⌒ O ₂Consistent.Putting the indicating value that amesdial other survey tools such as (also) available dial gauges orders at A is 0, and along continuous straight runs moves the deflection y that amesdial is measured the corresponding i waypoint of transversal A ⌒ B ^/ _i, the deflection y that the B point is ordered with respect to A ^/ _n, relational expression is arranged:

$y_i=y_i^{/}-\frac{i}{n}{y}_n^{/}$

The Z axle is with respect to the lathe spindle axes O ^/ ₁-O ^/ ₂The amount of a moving down y is arranged ^/ _c, be O ₁Point is with respect to O ^/ ₁Point or O ₂Point is with respect to O ^/ ₂Point also equals the A point with respect to A in the amount of moving down of y direction ^/Point or B point are with respect to B ^/Point the amount of moving down of y direction and 1/2nd, namely get y ^/ _c=(y _A+ Y _B)/2.The centre of form of the non-processing sections L of blank endoporus is apart from machine tool chief axis axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Distance Y _c, relational expression is arranged:

$Y_c=y_c^{/}+y_c=\frac{y_A+y_B}{2}+\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(y_i^{/}-\frac{i}{n}{y}_n^{/})=\frac{y_A+y_B}{2}+\frac{1}{n}(\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{y}_i^{/}-\frac{n-1}{2}{y}_n^{/})$

To be in the static balance position body of roll 2 blanks and move Y on parallel _cBe worth distance, make the centre of form and the lathe spindle axis o of the non-processing sections L of the body of roll 2 blank endoporus ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Overlapping, that is under the central principal axis of inertia of the hollow physique of guaranteeing workpiece L section and condition that the turning rotation overlaps, the turning body of roll 2 cylindricals and pilot hole guarantee the axiality of inside and outside circle finished surface less than 0.02mm, and leave body of roll cylindrical allowance for finish.

Because processing and measure error in the scrambling of the body of roll 2 non-processing inwalls and the construction, so that still there is certain side-play amount in the central principal axis of inertia of workpiece with respect to the excircle of workpiece cylindrical axis after the roughing, need further proofread and correct by static balance.

Therefore, the present invention is further comprising the steps of:

Body of roll central principal axis of inertia is proofreaied and correct in static balance:

Shown in Fig. 2,3, the body of roll 2 is placed on the static balance water balance beam, when workpiece is in the static balance state, get the contact point M of outer cylinder surface and horizontal beam, be l with respect to center of circle O, brachium _G, and apply counterpoise with the position M ' of M symmetry, when M-M ' is horizontal, equilibrium equation m is arranged _gE _c=Gl _GCalculate the body of roll 2 non-processing hollow physique centered inertial axis with respect to the side-play amount e of the body of roll 2 outer cylinder surface axial lines _c:

$e_c=\frac{G\&CenterDot;l_G}{m_g}=\frac{G\&CenterDot;l_G}{\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="d"\; filenames="HSA00000242422900011.png,HSA00000242422900012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_0}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;L\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&gamma;}}$

In the formula, G is the gravity of counterpoise, m _gBe the virtual negative weight of the body of roll 2 non-processing hollow physiques, d ₀Be the non-processing sections internal diameter of the body of roll, γ is density of material.

The radial beat eccentricity of measuring workpieces outer cylinder surface, deviating from M one side in M-M ' direction is 2e _c, be zero in the relative 90 ° orientation of M, the finish turning body of roll 2 is whole with this understanding, guarantees the axiality of two ends pilot hole and cylindrical.

Embodiment:

The present invention is that details are as follows for example with the hollow roller roller of heavy mangle shear line roller-way equipment:

Hollow roller roller assembling (as Fig. 4) is made up of the body of roll 2, roll shaft () 1, roll shaft (two) 3, baffle plate.Roller roller length overall 5820mm, substance 1690kg, the inwall that draw ratio reaches the elongated hollow body of roll 2 of 5000/400=12.5 is keeping the hot rolling blank state without machining.Axis bending and wall thickness that the tubular body of roll 2 blanks form in course of hot rolling are irregular, cause hollow physique to produce inertia force resultant moment vector of couple when roller moves, and have constituted the quiet unbalance dynamic of roller roller.

1) determine the empty position of body of roll body central principal axis of inertia, the roughing body of roll:

Make body of roll blank be in the static balance position, with the two ends endoporus at lathe spindle axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Last installation location (Fig. 1).Along coordinate system (O ₁Y, Z) Z-direction, the axis of bending O of the non-processing sections L of intercepting blank endoporus ₁⌒ O ₂Be the n=10 equal segments.Put amesdial in body of roll blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/On the A indicating value of ordering be 0, along continuous straight runs moves deflection (mm) y that amesdial is measured the corresponding i waypoint of transversal A ⌒ B ^/ _i: y ^/ ₁=1.6, y ^/ ₂=3, y ^/ ₃=3.8, y ^/ ₄=4.2, y ^/ ₅=4.4, y ^/ ₆=4.6, y ^/ ₇=4.2, y ^/ ₈=3.6, y ^/ ₉=3, y ^/ ₁₀=2.

Put amesdial respectively in body of roll blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/On A ^/Point, B ^/It is 0 that point is adjusted indicating value, and along continuous straight runs moves amesdial and measures the A point with respect to A ^/Deflection (mm) y of point _A=2 and the B point with respect to B ^/Deflection (mm) y of point _B=1.6.

Calculate the centre of form of the non-processing sections L of blank endoporus apart from machine tool chief axis axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Distance Y _c:

$Y_c=\frac{y_A+y_B}{2}+\frac{1}{n}[\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{y}_i^{/}-\frac{n-1}{2}{y}_n^{/}]$

$=\frac{2+1.6}{2}+\frac{1}{10}[(1.6+3+3.8+4.2+4.4+4.6+4.2+3.6+3+2)-\frac{10-1}{2}\&times;2]$

$=4.34\mathrm{mm}$

To be in the static balance position body of roll 2 blanks and move the 4.34mm distance on parallel, make the centre of form and the lathe spindle axis o of the non-processing sections L of blank endoporus ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Overlapping, that is under the central principal axis of inertia of the hollow physique of guaranteeing workpiece L section and condition that the turning rotation overlaps, turning body of roll cylindrical and pilot hole guarantee the axiality of inside and outside circle finished surface less than 0.02mm, and leave allowance for finish.

2) static balance is proofreaied and correct the body of roll 2 central principal axis of inertia, the fine finishining body of roll 2:

Owing to have mismachining tolerance and measure error in the scrambling of the non-processing inwall of the body of roll 2 workpiece and the construction, so that still there is certain side-play amount in the central principal axis of inertia of workpiece with respect to the excircle of workpiece cylindrical axis after the roughing, need further proofread and correct by static balance.

The rough machined body of roll 2 places on the water balance beam, and when workpiece was in the static balance state, the contact point M of outer cylinder surface and horizontal beam was that the orientation at workpiece barycenter place gives mark, as shown in Figure 2.Be l with respect to center of circle O, brachium _G, and apply counterpoise G with the position M ' of M symmetry, when M-M ' is horizontal (as shown in Figure 3), equilibrium equation m is arranged _gE _c=Gl _GCalculate the body of roll 2 non-processing hollow physique centered inertial axis with respect to the side-play amount e of the body of roll 2 outer cylinder surface axial lines _c:

$e_c=\frac{G\&CenterDot;l_G}{m_g}=\frac{G\&CenterDot;l_G}{\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="d"\; filenames="HSA00000242422900011.png,HSA00000242422900012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}_0}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;L\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&gamma;}}=\frac{15\&times;205}{\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;{340}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;4200\&CenterDot;7.85}=1.027\left(\mathrm{mm}\right)$

In the formula: m _gThe virtual negative weight of-body of roll 2 non-processing hollow physiques, kg; d ₀-the body of roll 2 non-processing the body of roll 2 internal diameters (340), mm; The non-processing lengths of the L-body of roll 2 endoporus (4200), mm; l _G-balance the arm of force (205), mm; γ-density of material, γ=7.85 * 10 ^-6Kg/mm ³

The axis of rotation that makes the body of roll 2 with respect to the outer cylinder surface axis to e of barycenter translation in the other direction _cValue, the rotation the when rotation when making the body of roll 2 fine finishining that is the body of roll 2 real works and the body of roll 2 hollow part body virtual center principal axis of inertia reach unanimity, and then reach the quiet dynamic balancing of the body of roll 2 by mechanical processing tools.This requires in the body of roll 2 finish turning operations, and by the radial beat eccentricity of measuring workpieces outer cylinder surface, namely deviating from M one side in M-M ' direction is 2e _c, and be zero in its relative 90 ° orientation, the finish turning body of roll 2 is whole with this understanding, guarantees the axiality of two ends pilot hole and cylindrical, finishes the finished machined of the body of roll 2.

The processing of roll shaft head assembly: the spindle nose assembly is finish-machined to.

The body of roll 2 assemblings: the body of roll 2 is placed in the v block supporting, use ring-like electric heater evenly to heat the body of roll 2 pilot hole sections by infrared radiation, under 150 ℃, finish the hot charging operation of two ends roll shaft and the body of roll 2.

Claims (1)

1. quiet dynamically balanced processing method of the hollow roller-way of heavy type is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

1) body of roll (2) blank is in the static balance position, with the body of roll (2) blank two ends endoporus at lathe spindle axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂The location is installed, along coordinate system (O ₁Y, Z) Z-direction, the axis of bending O of the non-processing sections L of the intercepting body of roll (2) blank endoporus ₁⌒ O ₂Be the n equal segments, put amesdial in the body of roll (2) blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/On the A indicating value of ordering be 0, along continuous straight runs moves the deflection y that amesdial is measured corresponding each waypoint of transversal A ⌒ B ^/ _i, the deflection y that the B point is ordered with respect to A ^/ _n

Put amesdial respectively in the body of roll (2) blank outer cylindrical wall at O ₁The transversal A in YZ cross section ^/⌒ B ^/On A ^/Point, B ^/It is 0 that point is adjusted indicating value, and along continuous straight runs moves amesdial and measures the A point with respect to A ^/The deflection y of point _AWith the B point with respect to B ^/The deflection y of point _B

2) calculate the centre of form of the non-processing sections L of the body of roll (2) blank endoporus apart from machine tool chief axis axis o ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Distance Y c:

$Y_c=\frac{y_A+y_B}{2}+\frac{1}{n}[\underset{i=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{y}_i^{/}-\frac{n-1}{2}{y}_n^{/}]$

To be in the static balance position body of roll (2) blank and move Y on parallel _cBe worth distance, make the centre of form and the lathe spindle axis o of the non-processing sections L of the body of roll (2) blank endoporus ^/ ₁-o ^/ ₂Overlapping, the reface body of roll (2) cylindrical and pilot hole guarantee the axiality of the body of roll (2) inside and outside circle finished surface less than 0.02mm, and leave body of roll cylindrical allowance for finish;

3) body of roll (2) central principal axis of inertia is proofreaied and correct in static balance:

The body of roll (2) being placed on the static balance water balance beam, when workpiece is in the static balance state, get the contact point M of outer cylinder surface and horizontal beam, is being l with respect to center of circle O, brachium _G, and apply counterpoise with the position M ' of M symmetry, when M-M ' is horizontal, equilibrium equation m is arranged _gE _c=Gl _GCalculate the non-processing hollow physique of the body of roll (2) centered inertial axis with respect to the side-play amount e of the body of roll (2) outer cylinder surface axial line _c:

$e_c=\frac{G\&CenterDot;l_G}{m_g}=\frac{G\&CenterDot;l_G}{\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}{d_0}^2}{4}\&CenterDot;L\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&gamma;}}$

In the formula, G is the gravity of counterpoise, m _gBe the virtual negative weight of the non-processing hollow physique of the body of roll (2), d ₀Be the non-processing body of roll of the body of roll (2) (2) internal diameter, γ is density of material, and L is non-processing sections length;

The radial beat eccentricity of measuring workpieces outer cylinder surface, deviating from M one side in M-M ' direction is 2e _c, be zero in the relative 90 ° orientation of M, the finish turning body of roll (2) is whole with this understanding, guarantees the axiality of two ends pilot hole and cylindrical.

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