CN102364553A - Regional airspace management monitoring system based on traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) - Google Patents
Regional airspace management monitoring system based on traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a regional airspace management monitoring system based on a traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS). In the system, a signal inquiry unit is used to enquire an airplane installed with an A/C or S mode responder in a regional airspace. After a response signal returned by the airplane is received, the response signal is processed so as to obtain information, such as airplane heading, an airplane body state, a geographical position and the like. Simultaneously, an airborne ADS-B network can be integrated in the system so as to acquire the related state information through a mode of broadcast reception. In the invention, an air traffic warning anticollision concept which is widely approved in an aircraft industry is introduced into the ground. Usage is convenient and fast, and the system moves flexibly. The regional airspace management monitoring system of the invention can be widely used for military use or miniature airport grounding monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to manage surveillance, especially based on the district management surveillance of TCAS system.
Background technology
TCAS (Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System), air traffic early warning and CAS.The function of TCAS system is, sends interrogating signal to contiguous aircraft, and the airborne transponder system through intruder is replied interrogating signal, obtain the code of intruder, highly, course and other data.The TCAS computing machine is judged the intruder threat level of this machine relatively through data analysis.If there is potential threat, the TCAS system will send the consulting prompting to the driver, or send the up-and-down maneuver indication, and direct drivers is avoided clashing with intruder.If there is not threat, the TCAS system will show the relative position and the track of intruder.
ADS-B refers to Automatic dependent surveillance broadcast.The aircraft of having equipped the ADS-B automatic broadcasting system can be broadcasted the exact position and other data (whether turn, climb or following degradation like speed, height and aircraft) of himself through data chainning.The airborne ADS-B automatic broadcasting system of ADS-B automatic broadcasting system and air traffic control system, other aircraft combines, and in vacant lot accurate, real-time conflicting information can both be provided.
Control traffic control answering machine is the airborne equipment of ATCRBS, and its function is to match with the ground secondary radar, earthward the cognizance code and the barometer altitude of Control Centre's report aircraft.Answering machine has two kinds of A/C pattern and S pattern answering machines.ATCRBS also becomes the aviation management electrical secondary system, is made up of primary radar and secondary radar two parts, cooperates with airborne answering machine through secondary radar, adopts the challenge-response mode to work.Ground secondary radar emissions machine produces interrogation pulse signals by its aerial radiation; The record answering machine produces to reply accordingly after receiving effective interrogating signal and transmits; After ground secondary radar receiving plane receives this answer signal, carry out a series of processing and obtain signals such as required aircraft Recognition sign indicating number and barometer altitude.The information content that airborne answering machine is answered depends on the interrogating signal of ground secondary radar.The pattern of interrogating signal and the mode of inquiry are confirmed by Control Centre.The information content that A pattern answering machine is replied is the identification code of aircraft, and the information content that C pattern answering machine is replied is an aircraft altitude information.And S pattern answering machine can realize the data communication and the exchange of interplane in-flight in conjunction with TCAS on the basis that possesses A pattern answering machine and C pattern answering machine function.
Because the traffic pattern surface surveillance system mainly is the basis with radar and secondary radar, the employing tower control, advance the mode that nearly control and area control combine, the spatial domain aircraft is kept watch on.But this surveillance need possess termination environment control system and area control system because function is complicated, and hardware facilities such as radar, control tower often volume, weight are bigger, not only difficult, and power consumption is serious, the cost height.
Because existing traffic pattern surface surveillance system equipment is huge, be unfavorable for carrying, its applied environment can receive necessarily limited.As in China's Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, because seismic region is had inconvenient traffic, terrestrial information is difficult to spread out of, and the helicopter of carrying out rescue task can only rely on airborne equipment and the mode that the pilot estimates to obtain the situation in spatial domain on every side when carrying out aerial mission.And have the high of traffic pattern surface surveillance system equipment and maintenance cost now, overburden then to cause some middle-size and small-size airports.
Along with the development of China civil aviaton, domestic aircarrier aircraft, large, medium and small airport and flight course line are increasing, the especially enlarging on the medium and small airport in China's military aviation airport and Midwest, to the demand of regional airspace management system in continuous increase.Therefore, a kind of conveniently moving, powerful and expense is moderate regional airspace management system are provided, flight, course line are effectively managed; Make aircarrier aircraft safety aloft; Fly without any confusion,, become problem important in the civil aviation construction to ensure passenger's the security of the lives and property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose that the present invention will realize provides a kind of conveniently moving and the powerful regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system comprises:
Be used to take on the antenna element of transmission signal vector;
Be used for sending the signal transmitter unit of interrogating signal to regional spatial domain aircraft;
Be used for signal receiving unit that the answer signal that regional spatial domain aircraft returns is received;
The SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units that are used for the emission of control signal transmitter unit interrogating signal and the answer signal that signal receiving unit receives handled distribution;
Be used for signal processing unit that the answer signal that the SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units are distributed is handled;
The signal data that the part signal data that are used for that signal processing unit processes is finished are calculated check calculates verification unit;
Be used for that signal data is calculated verification unit and calculate the data storage cell that part signal data that data that check draws and signal processing unit processes finish are stored;
Be used for control signal management allocation units and Comprehensive Control and the Data Management Unit of transferring data storage cell institute deposit data;
Be used for power module to Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit power supply; And
Be used for data processing peripheral hardware that the data that Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit are transferred are handled.
Further, the signal transmitter unit comprises:
Be used for A/C mode signal transmitter module to the aircraft emission interrogating signal that A/C pattern answering machine is housed;
Be used for S mode signal transmitter module to the aircraft emission interrogating signal that S pattern answering machine is housed.
Further, signal receiving unit comprises:
Be used to receive the A/C mode signal receiver module of the answer signal that aircraft that A/C pattern answering machine is housed returns;
Be used to receive the S mode signal receiver module of the answer signal that aircraft that S pattern answering machine is housed returns; And
Be used to receive the ADS-B mode signal receiver module of the signal that aircraft that the ADS-B automatic broadcasting system is housed sends.
Further, the answer signal of signal receiving unit reception comprises the status information of parameter information, interior of aircraft operation video information and the aircraft self of aircraft.
Further, signal processing unit comprises:
Be used to handle the parameter information processing module of the parameter information of aircraft;
Be used to handle the video information process module of interior of aircraft operation video information; And
Be used to handle the status information processing module of the status information of aircraft self.
Further, the SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units are handled to distribute to the answer signal of signal receiving unit reception and are specially: the different information types to comprising in the answer signal are distinguished, and distribute to signal processing unit and handle.
Further, signal data calculates verification unit and calculates the status information that the part signal data of checking comprise aircraft self, and after passing through data processing, whether the operation of check flight equipment of itself is normal.
Further, the data of data storage cell storage comprise that signal data, the signal data after the video information process resume module and signal data after the parameter information processing module is handled calculates whether normal data message of aircraft equipment of itself operation that the verification unit check draws.
Further, Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit comprise the control of SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units: control signal management allocation units carry out timing management to the emission of interrogating signal with to the reception and the processing distribution of answer signal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is based on the TCAS technology; The crashproof theory of the air traffic early warning of extensively approving in the aircraft industry is introduced ground; The signal inquiry unit is to being equipped with A/C pattern answering machine in the regional spatial domain or the S answering machine is inquired in the system; The signal data processing is carried out through the aircraft return message that the signal response unit is received in the back, and information such as the course of spatial domain aircraft, fuselage state, geographic position are monitored regional spatial domain aircraft in real time in the acquisition zone.In addition, also can aircraft correlation behavior information be recorded in the database, can carry out information playback when needed.The regional airspace management surveillance that the present invention is based on the TCAS system has broken away from the dependence of existing air traffic control system to secondary radar; And utilize the existing airborne TCAS of Civil Aviation System system, transponder system and ADS-B automatic broadcasting system; Realization is to the supervision and the management of regional spatial domain aircraft; Not only convenient to use, move flexibly, and also powerful.
Description of drawings
Be described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that the present invention is based on the regional airspace management surveillance of TCAS system;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram that the present invention is based on the regional airspace management surveillance embodiment one of TCAS system.
Embodiment
The present invention is based on the block diagram (antenna element does not demonstrate) of the regional airspace management surveillance of TCAS system with reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is based on the regional airspace management surveillance of TCAS system, comprising:
Be used to take on the antenna element of transmission signal vector;
Be used for sending the signal transmitter unit of interrogating signal to regional spatial domain aircraft;
Be used for signal receiving unit that the answer signal that regional spatial domain aircraft returns is received;
The SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units that are used for the emission of control signal transmitter unit interrogating signal and the answer signal that signal receiving unit receives handled distribution;
Be used for signal processing unit that the answer signal that the SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units are distributed is handled;
The signal data that the part signal data that are used for that signal processing unit processes is finished are calculated check calculates verification unit;
Be used for that signal data is calculated verification unit and calculate the data storage cell that part signal data that data that check draws and signal processing unit processes finish are stored;
Be used for control signal management allocation units and Comprehensive Control and the Data Management Unit of transferring data storage cell institute deposit data;
Be used for power module to Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit power supply; And
Be used for data processing peripheral hardware that the data that Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit are transferred are handled.
The present invention is based on the block diagram (antenna element does not demonstrate) of the regional airspace management surveillance embodiment one of TCAS system with reference to Fig. 2, the signal transmitter unit in the system of the present invention comprises:
Be used for A/C mode signal transmitter module to the aircraft emission interrogating signal that A/C pattern answering machine is housed;
Be used for S mode signal transmitter module to the aircraft emission interrogating signal that S pattern answering machine is housed.
Signal receiving unit comprises:
Be used to receive the A/C mode signal receiver module of the answer signal that aircraft that A/C pattern answering machine is housed returns;
Be used to receive the S mode signal receiver module of the answer signal that aircraft that S pattern answering machine is housed returns; And
Be used to receive the ADS-B mode signal receiver module of the signal that aircraft that the ADS-B automatic broadcasting system is housed sends.
Signal processing unit comprises:
Be used to handle the parameter information processing module of the parameter information of aircraft;
Be used to handle the video information process module of interior of aircraft operation video information; And
Be used to handle the status information processing module of the status information of aircraft self.
In aircraft industry; Answering machine becomes the equipment of carrying of must installing of low-to-medium altitude general aviation aircraft as the important component part of ATCRBS, and the general type of answering machine is the A/C pattern; To reply the inquiry request of secondary radar, return the identification code and the elevation information of aircraft.And along with the introducing of the crashproof theory of traffic prewarning; Some high-altitude commercial aviation aircrafts begin to equip the TCAS system that mainly is made up of TCAS computing machine and S pattern answering machine; Thereby can realize the data communication of interplane in-flight, the data message of transmission is also relatively large.In addition, the beginning of airborne ADS-B system used, and then makes the aircraft of this system of equipment to regional spatial domain broadcasted content rich data information more, like speed, highly, aircraft equipment of itself operation conditions, internal staff's operation information etc.
The signal transmitter unit is to regional spatial domain aircraft emission interrogating signal in the system of the present invention; Be specially the signal transmitter unit and comprise A/C mode signal transmitter module and S mode signal transmitter module; A/C mode signal transmitter module is to the low-to-medium altitude general aviation aircraft emission interrogating signal that A/C pattern answering machine is housed, and S mode signal transmitter module is to the high-altitude commercial aircraft emission interrogating signal that S pattern answering machine is housed.
The aircraft that dissimilar answering machines are housed returns the answer signal of corresponding modes after receiving interrogating signal.Signal receiving unit receives these answer signals in the native system, and according to the difference of answer signal pattern also relative set A/C mode signal receiver module and S mode signal receiver module.To the aircraft that is mounted with the ADS-B system on the machine, signal receiving module also is correspondingly provided with ADS-B mode signal receiver module, receives the correlation behavior information of broadcasting out from aircraft through the ADS-B network.For the answer signal that signal receiving unit receives, its content comprises the parameter information of aircraft, like the identification code of aircraft, height etc.; The video information of interior of aircraft operation; The status information of aircraft self is like the operation conditions of airplane equipment.
The signal transmitter unit in the system of the present invention and the transmission of signal receiving unit signal and reception all realize through antenna element.Antenna element comprises four antennas, and wherein two ones is directional aerial, in order to confirm the azimuth information of echo reply signal aircraft.
In system of the present invention; Through Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit the SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units are controlled, make the SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units to the reception of the emission of interrogating signal and answer signal and to the processing of unlike signal content in the answer signal distribute according to the time sort run.
The data message that data processing unit is distributed according to signal content for the SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units is handled.Be specially data processing unit and comprise parameter information processing module, video information process module and status information processing module.Parameter information processing module place mainly is that the signal of information such as the identification code that comprises aircraft, height carries out demodulation process; The video information process module mainly is that the signal to the video information that comprises interior of aircraft operation carries out processed compressed; The status information processing module mainly is that the signal that comprises aircraft equipment of itself health information is carried out down conversion process.
Aircraft parameter information that will obtain after parameter information processing module and video information process module will dispose and interior of aircraft operation video information are stored in the data storage cell in the system.And the signal that comprises aircraft equipment of itself health information is handled by the data computation verification unit after process status information processing module down conversion process, and through setting certain dangerous threshold value, whether the operation of algorithm computation check flight equipment of itself is normal.Calculate verification unit result data that obtains that disposes for this partial data and be stored in data storage cell equally.
Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit can be transferred the data of data cell stores in real time, and power module is its power supply.And Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit are connected with the data processing peripheral hardware; Thereby realize information such as vector, fuselage state, geographic position, built-in function in the regional spatial domain are monitored in real time; Simultaneously through storage to aircraft state information data in the zone; Can transfer data at any time and reset, for flight test, crash analysis etc. provides strong support.
More than be that preferable enforcement of the present invention is specified; But the invention is not limited to said embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art make all equivalent variations or replacement under the prerequisite of spirit of the present invention, also can doing, and distortion that these are equal to or replacement all are included in the application's claim institute restricted portion.
Claims (9)
1. based on the regional airspace management surveillance of TCAS system, it is characterized in that: this system comprises:
Be used to take on the antenna element of transmission signal vector;
Be used for sending the signal transmitter unit of interrogating signal to regional spatial domain aircraft;
Be used for signal receiving unit that the answer signal that regional spatial domain aircraft returns is received;
The SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units that are used to control the emission of said signal transmitter unit interrogating signal and the answer signal that signal receiving unit receives handled distribution;
Be used for signal processing unit that the answer signal that said SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units are distributed is handled;
The signal data that the part signal data that are used for that said signal processing unit processes is finished are calculated check calculates verification unit;
Be used for that said signal data is calculated verification unit and calculate the data storage cell that part signal data that data that check draws and signal processing unit processes finish are stored;
The Comprehensive Control and the Data Management Unit that are used to control said SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units and transfer data storage cell institute deposit data;
Be used for power module to said Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit power supply; And
Be used for data processing peripheral hardware that the data that said Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit are transferred are handled.
2. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said signal transmitter unit comprises:
Be used for A/C mode signal transmitter module to the aircraft emission interrogating signal that A/C pattern answering machine is housed;
Be used for S mode signal transmitter module to the aircraft emission interrogating signal that S pattern answering machine is housed.
3. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said signal receiving unit comprises:
Be used to receive the A/C mode signal receiver module of the answer signal that aircraft that A/C pattern answering machine is housed returns;
Be used to receive the S mode signal receiver module of the answer signal that aircraft that S pattern answering machine is housed returns; And
Be used to receive the ADS-B mode signal receiver module of the signal that aircraft that the ADS-B automatic broadcasting system is housed sends.
4. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the answer signal that said signal receiving unit receives comprises the status information of parameter information, interior of aircraft operation video information and the aircraft self of aircraft.
5. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said signal processing unit comprises:
Be used to handle the parameter information processing module of the parameter information of aircraft;
Be used to handle the video information process module of interior of aircraft operation video information; And
Be used to handle the status information processing module of the status information of aircraft self.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described regional airspace management surveillances based on the TCAS system; It is characterized in that: the answer signal that said SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units receive signal receiving unit is handled to distribute and is specially: the different information types to comprising in the answer signal are distinguished, and distribute to signal processing unit and handle.
7. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said signal data calculates verification unit and calculates the status information that the part signal data of checking comprise aircraft self; After passing through data processing, whether the operation of check flight equipment of itself is normal.
8. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the data of said data storage cell storage comprise that signal data, the signal data after the video information process resume module and the signal data after the parameter information processing module is handled calculates whether normal data message of aircraft equipment of itself operation that the verification unit check draws.
9. the regional airspace management surveillance based on the TCAS system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: said Comprehensive Control and Data Management Unit comprise the control of SIGNALS MANAGEMENT allocation units: control signal management allocation units carry out timing management to the emission of interrogating signal with to the reception and the processing distribution of answer signal.
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