CN102364065B - The device and method regulated for the lift range variable of the ventilation door of internal combustion engine - Google Patents
The device and method regulated for the lift range variable of the ventilation door of internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102364065B CN102364065B CN201110161228.5A CN201110161228A CN102364065B CN 102364065 B CN102364065 B CN 102364065B CN 201110161228 A CN201110161228 A CN 201110161228A CN 102364065 B CN102364065 B CN 102364065B
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 title claims description 32
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
A kind of ventilation door (312 for particularly internal combustion engine, 314) device (310) of lift range variable regulation, method and use the internal combustion engine of this device, have following element one or more arrange: at least one fork (332, 334), it runs in the slotted link (338) activated by means of camshaft (336), device (350 for valve actuation, 352), it is with fork (332, 334) engagement, spring (360), it is fork (332, 334) press against on camshaft (336), and many parts eccentric shaft (316) of the regulation for valve stroke, it has one or several eccentric (322, 324).
Description
The application be international filing date be that March 26, international application no in 2004 are
" 200480011379.0 ", invention entitled " for internal combustion engine ventilation door lift regulation
Variable air valve lift apparatus " the divisional application of application for a patent for invention.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dress of the lift range variable regulation of a kind of ventilation door for internal combustion engine
Put, method and use the internal combustion engine of this device.
Background technology
For internal combustion engine ventilation door lift regulation adjusting means from DE 19548389A1
Learn with DE 10123186A1, whereby the tool of the adjusting means in DE 19548389A1
Having an eccentric shaft, for the setting of valve stroke or the alignment of door of taking a breath, this eccentric shaft is by electricity
Force engine is rotatably embedded in cylinder cover, this electric motor by means of engine shaft by snail
Wheel drive, engine shaft and worm gear are connected with eccentric shaft and control unit definitely through gear, should
Control unit controls electric motor.By means of the setting of scalable lift of eccentric also from existing
Technology is had to learn.In regulation valve lift location, eccentric reverses and eccentric support is required
Power is directly in response to energy input and in being in response to the consumption with the internal combustion engine of lift range variable.
Additionally, know by means of electrically-hydraulic-driven eccentric adjustment axle, but this electrically-hydraulic-driven
Complexity, and can not eccentric adjustment axle fast enough under the conditions of all working of internal combustion engine.Point
The valve stroke of full variable valve operating mechanism and being directed at from DE of parallelogram are not set
10140635.5 learn.But, parallelogram is by multiple independent components, adjusting rod, several
Guide and have several node pull bar build.Then, based on component tolerances and required connecing
Closing tolerance, producing high cost needs.
In general, in full variable valve operating mechanism, control the valve for loading setting
Lift.In multi-cylinder engine, for the valve stroke of idle speed control at the model of a few tenths of a mm
Enclose interior regulation.Thus, in this POL, valve stroke between cylinders may only phase
The value of difference approximation 10%, because otherwise as cylinder unequally loaded result, whole electromotor quilt
Being excited into incorrect vibrations, this causes unacceptable comfortable infringement in vehicle.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to produce the gas of the lift regulation of a kind of ventilation door for internal combustion engine
Door lift device, makes regulation power and retentivity the lowest, independent of described retentivity and tune
Joint power mechanically, hydraulically or is electrically applied, and makes the regulation cost as far as possible of valve stroke
Effectively, and make to obtain between each cylinder of multi-cylinder engine being respectively provided with valve stroke regulation
Maximal accuracy, and in minimal tolerance, additionally realize the gas with the internal combustion engine of several cylinder
The control probability of the valve stroke of door.
This purpose realizes by means of the feature in the characteristic of Patent right requirement 1.Thus,
Valve lift apparatus for the lift regulation of the ventilation door of internal combustion engine presents rotatable eccentric shaft,
This eccentric shaft includes several eccentric, and institute's likely profile of eccentric whereby is at a circle
In, this circle is formed by means of the bearing diameter of eccentric shaft.
Advantageously, it is provided that become: what eccentric shaft was passed through in cylinder cover material runs through boring is to insert
Enter, and be directly embedded in cylinder cover run through boring in；And eccentric shaft is as can be inserted into partially
Mandrel is installable from one of antetheca of cylinder cover.
Example is selected to see wherein easily: eccentric shaft is embedded in separate housing, this housing and vapour
Cylinder cap is connected, and the most also embeds camshaft；Or in the housing, embed bias
Axle, fork, camshaft and slotted link are as Premounted unit.
Advantageously, eccentric shaft embeds by means of the anti-friction bearing in cylinder cover.
The preferred embodiment of valve lift apparatus includes wherein: eccentric profile can be formed as any
Profile, is particularly formed as round, and is limited by the external diameter of the bearing of eccentric shaft；Eccentric shaft
The bearing of the eccentric shaft that maximum gauge is provided as particularly in cylinder cover, and to arrive fork
The beeline swinging point and set-point embeds；And eccentric shaft is parallel to cam shaft arrangement.
Additionally, outside the mechanical adjustment of the valve stroke of degasification door, it is alternatively that example provides: partially
Mandrel is that hydraulic pressure is adjustable；Or eccentric shaft is adjustable by means of electric motor, should
Electric motor provides with the alignment with camshaft or with eccentric shaft, electric motor whereby
Axis be arranged to the axis with camshaft and parallel or parallel with the axis of eccentric shaft.
Preferred embodiment is seen wherein: be arranged with two or several inlet valve or exhaust valve
In the case of, eccentric arranges with angle [alpha] relative to one another with staggering, thus in the rotation of eccentric shaft
During indexing is put, different valve strokes is generated for valve.
Particularly preferred embodiment is seen wherein: in the actuating for inlet valve and exhaust valve
In cylinder cover, it is provided that several eccentric shafts, the eccentric shaft of the most several inlet valves or exhaust valve is partially
The profile aspect of heart wheel is different.
Additionally, advantageously provide: the valve of neighbouring cylinder by means of fork with different eccentrics
Wide actuating；And being differently designed for the camshaft profile of valve, these valves belong to one
Cylinder.
Preferred embodiment is seen wherein: the working profile of the fork contacted with eccentric shaft is formed flat
Face；Or the working profile of the fork contacted with eccentric shaft forms concave surface or convex surface.
It may be the case that, preferred embodiment is seen wherein: the embedding roller phase of eccentric and fork
Contact.
Furthermore it is possible to provide: the working profile of fork is designed to and the working profile of the second fork
Difference, they are connected to each other directly by means of an axis.
Being essentially characterized in that of the novel designs of eccentric shaft: by means of it, use the lowest regulation
Power and retentivity, independent of described retentivity and regulation power the most mechanically, hydraulically or electricity
Gas ground applies, and obtains the internal combustion with one or several inlet valve or exhaust valve in minimal tolerance
The control probability of the valve stroke of the valve of machine, and multi-cylinder engine each cylinder it
Between respectively obtain arrange and regulation valve stroke maximal accuracy.
Additionally, the present invention relates to a kind of actuation technologies for heat engine, this heat engine have for
The variable valve control system of the lift regulation of the ventilation door of internal combustion engine, has rotatable eccentric shaft,
This rotatable eccentric shaft is embedded in cylinder cover, for the regulation of the valve stroke of door of taking a breath, whereby
In being arranged in housing, executor removable, different designs is arranged to bottom side and is being embedded in cylinder cover
In eccentric shaft at reverse for it, and be arranged at cylinder cover by means of installation elements, this
A little installation elements provide at housing, whereby by means of providing the connecting element on eccentric shaft,
Generation actuator motions is to the transmission of the twist motion of eccentric, and is performed by difference whereby
Device and the replacing of the connecting element for eccentric shaft, can perform valve stroke from stepless variable valve
Lift is adjusted to the conversion of changed in stages, and does not has the change at cylinder cover.Connecting element is made
There is provided for independent component or as the composition part of eccentric shaft, whereby separate connection element with hold
Row device is removable together.Replacing realization, internal combustion engine by means of different executors is changed
It is cost-effective, overall that the simple conversion of the change of the valve stroke of valve has for cylinder cover
Modular concept is possible advantage, because only that at executor and the eccentric shaft being embedded in cylinder cover
Between executor and the connection of clutch must change, and whereby, for cylinder cover manufacture
Capital investment relatively low for different valve stroke regulations.Because, selectively, also can be real
Now from two to four valve lift location, thus with there is the operation determined for valve stroke
The electromotor of period is compared, and is possible about performance and torque for the improvement of electromotor.
Advantageously, replaceable executor or present hydraulic regulation element, or optional landform
Becoming electric motor, this electric motor acts directly on eccentric shaft or is formed as lift
Magnet.
May and it may be the case that, preferred embodiment is seen wherein: electric motor or liter
Journey Magnet provides in black box, and this black box is at housing at its antetheca and has for being arranged on vapour
Installation elements at cylinder cap, these installation elements are positioned relative to each other.
Additionally, advantageously provide: be adjusted to classification in valve stroke from stepless variable valve lift
In the case of the conversion of change, eccentric shaft is identical；Or for special-purpose, eccentric shaft
Also it is module, and the design independent of executor is removable.
Preferably select example to see wherein: valve stroke is regulated from stepless variable valve lift
To the conversion of changed in stages, the corresponding connecting element being formed as clutch is removable.
Preferably, it is provided that: executor is connected with the eccentric shaft on the antetheca or rear side of cylinder cover
Connect.
Selectively, also provide for: for different embodiments, executor be not arranged to directly with
Eccentric shaft is directed at；But, between executor and eccentric shaft, it is provided that intermediate gear box.
Convenient embodiment is seen wherein: regulate for stepless variable valve lift, in order to take a breath
The feedback signal of the position of the valve stroke of door, valve stroke is by means of being arranged at cylinder cover
Sensor detects.
Preferably select example to see wherein: by means of executor change perform, ventilation door right
Valve stroke in inlet valve and exhaust valve is adjusted to changed in stages from stepless variable valve lift
Conversion provides in one way, and being ventilation door provides valve stroke respectively at two valve side
The most variable or changed in stages or at the classification of a valve side and complete at another valve side
Variable change.
Another convenient embodiment is seen wherein: have at inlet valve side and exhaust valve side
The executor of hydraulic regulation element that provides of ventilation door have and occupy turning of different switching position
Son.
Advantageously, the executor with hydraulic regulation element is formed by plastics, wherein its rotor in
At least one rotor wing existing.
See wherein about production technology preferred embodiment: there is holding of hydraulic regulation element
Row device is provided with the hydraulic fluid pressure from cycle of engine.
And, advantageously provide: for having the electricity of the actuating of the executor of hydraulic regulation element
Magnet valve is fixed at cylinder cover, and this electromagnetic valve is particularly formed as lift Magnet.Finally, also can
Advantageously: be positioned at hold for having the electromagnetic valve of actuating of the executor of hydraulic regulation element
In row device, preferably coaxial with executor's centrage.
For new actuator characteristics it is necessary that by means of the replacing of different executors, for not
Same electromotor obtains valve stroke and is adjusted to the internal combustion of changed in stages from stepless variable valve lift
The conversion of the change of the valve stroke of the ventilation door of machine and not change at cylinder cover.
Another convenient embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of ventilation door for particularly internal combustion engine
Changeable air valve control or the device of valve adjustments, have: camshaft adjuster；Rotatable
, the preferably embedding eccentric shaft in cylinder cover；The cam contour of one, each ventilation door,
The control of valve stroke or regulation at least one ventilation door；And executor, this execution
Device is that the torsion that eccentric shaft is located bottom it is arranged.Eccentric shaft acts at least one fork,
The sequence of motion of fork can affect by means of the torsion of eccentric shaft, and fork is engaged to cam whereby
In axle and cam-follower, this cam-follower acts on ventilation door.
In principle, cam be can serve as all adjusting meanss known to those skilled in the art
Axis adjustment device.Preferably according to cell principle application camshaft adjuster, such as they examples
As known from DE 19943833A1, or the camshaft by means of pistons work regulates dress
Putting, this piston is axially movable on beveled gear teeth tail (tailing), as such as at US
Described in 5,031,583.
According to the present invention, can perform convex by means of camshaft adjuster with classification or stepless way
The regulation of wheel shaft.
Thus, executor provides into removable and form differently, and is arranged to bottom side and exists
Reversing for it at eccentric shaft, this eccentric shaft is embedded in cylinder cover, and by means of two installations
Element is installed, and the two installation elements provides at housing, at cylinder cover.
By means of the clutch provided at eccentric shaft, occur actuator motions to the rotation of eccentric shaft
The transmission that transhipment is dynamic, whereby by means of different executors and the corresponding clutch for eccentric shaft
Change, valve stroke can be performed and be adjusted to the conversion of changed in stages from stepless variable valve lift,
And there is no the change at cylinder cover.Realize, internal combustion engine is changed by means of different executors
The simple conversion of change of valve stroke of ventilation door there is cost-effective, integral module cylinder
Lid concept is possible advantage, because only that executor and the eccentric shaft being embedded in cylinder cover it
Between executor and the connection of clutch must change, and whereby, cylinder cover is manufactured
Capital investment is relatively low for different valve stroke regulations.Because selectively, also can realize
From two to four valve lift location, thus with when there is the operation determined for valve stroke
The electromotor of section is compared, and is possible about performance and torque for the improvement of electromotor.Additionally,
For each ventilation door, it is must for a valve stroke regulation only cam on eccentric shaft
, this contributes to reducing manufacturing cost compared with known many cammings.
Can be by means of the execution regulated for stepless scalable valve stroke according to assembly of the invention
Device or by means of the executor of the changed in stages for valve stroke or by means of for stepless
The executor of the changed in stages of the regulation of scalable valve stroke and valve stroke runs.Thus, depend on
According to corresponding requirements, by means of one cam of every valve, in a stepless manner and/or hierarchical approaches can change
Valve stroke.In the case of internal combustion engine valve controllability to low requirement, wherein
Load controls not change execution by means respectively of valve stroke and the complete variable of valve lift profile,
And produce the remarkable advantage in terms of system manufacturing cost whereby, it is respectively provided with the valve in centre position
Lift and valve lift profile are sufficient to, because they can become by means of the classification of valve stroke
Change and realize.
Advantageously: replaceable executor or there is hydraulic regulation element, or selectively
Being formed as electric motor, this electric motor acts directly on eccentric shaft or as lift
Magnet.
May and it may be the case that, preferred embodiment is seen wherein: electric motor or liter
Journey Magnet provides in black box, and this black box is at housing at its antetheca to be provided for being arranged on vapour
Installation elements at cylinder cap, these installation elements are positioned relative to each other.
Additionally, advantageously provide: be adjusted to classification in valve stroke from stepless variable valve lift
In the case of the conversion of change, eccentric shaft is identical.
Preferably select example to see wherein: valve stroke is regulated from stepless variable valve lift
To the conversion of changed in stages, corresponding clutch is removable.
Preferably, it is provided that: executor is connected with the eccentric shaft on the antetheca or rear side of cylinder cover
Connect.
Selectively, also provide for: for different embodiments, executor be not arranged to directly with
Eccentric shaft is directed at；But, between executor and eccentric shaft, it is provided that intermediate gear box.
Convenient embodiment is seen wherein: regulate for stepless variable valve lift, about ventilation
The feedback signal of the position of the valve stroke of door, valve stroke is by means of being arranged at cylinder cover
Sensor detects.
Preferred embodiment is seen wherein: by means of executor change perform, ventilation door right
Valve stroke in inlet valve and exhaust valve is adjusted to changed in stages from stepless variable valve lift
Conversion provides in one way, and being ventilation door provides valve stroke respectively at two valve side
The most variable, part the most variable, changed in stages；Or the changed in stages at two valve side.
Another convenient embodiment is seen wherein: have at inlet valve side and exhaust valve side
The executor of hydraulic regulation element that provides of ventilation door have and occupy turning of different switching position
Son.
Advantageously, the executor with hydraulic regulation element is formed by plastics, wherein its rotor in
At least one rotor wing existing.
See wherein about production technology preferred embodiment: there is holding of hydraulic regulation element
Row device is provided with the hydraulic fluid pressure from cycle of engine.
Equally, advantageously provide: for having the electricity of the actuating of the executor of hydraulic regulation element
Magnet valve is fixed at cylinder cover, and this electromagnetic valve is particularly formed as lift Magnet.
Finally, may be advantageously: for having the actuating of the executor of hydraulic regulation element
Electromagnetic valve is positioned in executor, preferably coaxial with executor's centrage.
The present invention also relates to a kind of internal combustion engine, this internal combustion engine presents according to assembly of the invention extremely
Few one.
Additionally, the present invention relates to the internal combustion engine with two or more camshaft, this internal combustion engine is extremely
Present according to assembly of the invention at one of camshaft place less, and at other camshaft only
Present classification or stepless cam adjustment device, or the most each camshaft presents according to the present invention
Device.
In principle, for having the internal combustion engine of cylinder cover, this cylinder cover has two or more convex
Wheel shaft, is possible according to the combination in any of assembly of the invention with each or several camshaft.
Thus it is preferred to be at camshaft provide according to assembly of the invention, this camshaft control into
Valve, the camshaft for exhaust valve only provides a camshaft adjuster or does not provides whereby.
For being substantially according to assembly of the invention: by means of the replacing of different executors, for
Different electromotors realizes the valve stroke of the valve stroke change of the ventilation door of internal combustion engine from stepless
Lift range variable is adjusted to the conversion of changed in stages, and does not has the change at cylinder cover, this
While producing camshaft, controllability is to even preferably interfering, and produces whereby with same
Time the performance optimization of internal combustion engine that reduces of fuel.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a kind of ventilation door for particularly internal combustion engine
Lift range variable regulation device, this internal combustion engine has one or more cloth of following element
Put: at least one fork；It runs in the slotted link activated by means of camshaft；For
The device of valve actuation, it engages with fork；Spring, it presses against fork on camshaft；
And the many parts eccentric shaft for valve stroke regulation, it has one or several eccentric.
Particularly, for having the internal combustion engine of lower cam axle, according to assembly of the invention convex
Push rod, intermediate bar and regulating element is presented between wheel shaft and fork.Respectively according to internal combustion engine
Building method and the position of camshaft, be also provided that less or more between camshaft and fork
Element or other element.
Eccentric shaft according to assembly of the invention preferably present have often ventilation one eccentric of door
Coaxial configuration.According to the present invention, as ventilation door, preferably understand and be respectively used to inlet valve
And exhaust valve, it is preferably used for the cylinder of internal combustion engine.
Additionally, according to the present invention, can individually and regulate independent of the other parts of eccentric shaft
Each part of eccentric shaft presents eccentric, and the form of each eccentric can identical or energy whereby
Different from each other.
Preferably by means of the part of at least one executor's eccentric adjustment axle.Preferably, institute
State executor and also present the adjusting means with coaxial configuration.Preferably apply executor, borrow
Help electric motor or hydraulic pressure angle regulator provides regulation for these executors.Particularly
When using control, additionally supply preferably different sensor and suitable control technology.Thus,
The fast-response controlled can be important, thus such as valve stroke from zero lift to rising higher most
The regulation of journey can preferably occur in less than 300ms.Thus, the part of eccentric shaft is preferably
Reverse in the angle of approximation 120 °.
Difference for the suitable executor that the stepless of each eccentric shaft portion and/or classification regulate
Embodiment is described in the DE 10352677.1, and its content is entirely included in the context of the application
In.By means of suitable executor, then it is for instance possible that in the feelings of every two inlet valves of cylinder
Under condition, regulate the valve stroke of the described valve with many parts eccentric shaft in such a way,
Thus the valve stroke of the valve stroke of valve and other valve is that classification is adjustable.This side
Case is also imaginabale for every cylinder more than two inlet valve and exhaust valve respectively, whereby can be individual
Not with independent of the similar valve of other valve, particularly cylinder, regulate each indivedual valve
Valve stroke.In extreme circumstances, thus indivedual valves or valve group can be run under zero lift,
The closedown of individual cylinder is possible whereby.
Advantageously, when using in the cylinder cover for the actuating of inlet valve and exhaust valve according to this
During the device invented, it is provided that several eccentric shaft.It is also conceivable that distribute to each inlet valve or row
The eccentric shaft of valve their own.
It is also possible to valve for neighbouring cylinder in a device in accordance with the invention and provides different inclined
Heart wheel form.Here, for eccentric form, preferably understand eccentric profile, this eccentric
Wide contact fork is for the regulation of valve stroke.
Additionally, the present invention relates to a kind of by using according to assembly of the invention in particularly
The process of the lift range variable regulation of the ventilation door of combustion engine, wherein can be individually and independently in bias
Other eccentric of axle regulates each indivedual eccentrics.During according to the present invention, eccentric
The particular of axle regulates with corresponding eccentric preferably by means of one or several executor.
Finally, the present invention also relates to a kind of internal combustion engine, this internal combustion engine presents according to the present invention extremely
A few device.
Preferably, the eccentric of rotatable eccentric shaft institute likely locations of contours in a circle,
This circle is formed by means of the bearing diameter of eccentric shaft.Many parts eccentric shaft then may pass through at cylinder
In cover material running through boring insert, and be the most directly embedded in cylinder cover run through boring
In, eccentric shaft can be installed from one of antetheca of cylinder cover as can be inserted into eccentric shaft whereby.
Another convenient selection example is seen wherein: eccentric shaft is embedded in separate housing, this housing
It is connected with cylinder cover, the most also can embed camshaft；Or it is in the housing, embedding
Enter eccentric shaft, fork, camshaft and slotted link as Premounted unit.
Preferably eccentric shaft embeds by means of the anti-friction bearing in cylinder cover.But, have
Any selectable bearing of possible application, these bearings are applicable to described embedding, these bearings pair
It is known in those skilled in the art.
Other preferred embodiment according to assembly of the invention includes wherein: eccentric profile becomes
For any profile, be particularly formed as round, and limited by the external diameter of the bearing of eccentric shaft, from
And the bearing of the eccentric shaft that the maximum gauge of eccentric shaft is provided as particularly in cylinder cover, and
Embed with the beeline swinging point and point of adjustment to fork；And eccentric shaft is preferably parallel to
Cam shaft arrangement.
Additionally, outside the mechanical adjustment of the valve stroke of degasification door, it is alternatively that example preferably:
Eccentric shaft is adjustable, such as, by means of adjusting means, hydraulically or by means of electric power start
Machine, this electric motor preferably provides with the alignment with camshaft or with eccentric shaft, borrows
The axis of this electric motor preferably provides into the axis with camshaft and parallels or and eccentric shaft
Axis parallel.Additionally, between the eccentric shaft and executor of respectively adjusting means, energy
Suitable clutch is provided.
Particular embodiment according to assembly of the invention is seen wherein: for inlet valve and row
In the cylinder cover of the actuating of valve, it is provided that several eccentric shafts, the most several inlet valves or exhaust valve
Eccentric shaft different in terms of the profile of eccentric.
Furthermore, it is possible to preferably provide: the valve of the neighbouring cylinder with different eccentric profile is borrowed
Help fork activate；And forming differently the camshaft profile for valve, these valves belong to
In a cylinder.
Another preferred embodiment is seen wherein: the working profile of the fork contacted with eccentric shaft
Such as form plane, concave surface or convex surface.The roller phase being also possible to eccentric and be embedded in fork
Contact.
It addition, be provided that: the working profile of fork is with the working profile of another fork differently
Being formed, they are directly connected to preferably by means of an axis.
Especially, it is according to the advantage of assembly of the invention: in minimal tolerance, obtain having one
The control probability of the valve stroke of the valve of the internal combustion engine of individual or several inlet valve or exhaust valve,
There is the lowest regulation power and retentivity simultaneously, independent of described retentivity and regulation power whether machine
Tool ground, hydraulically or electrically apply, and between each cylinder of multi-cylinder engine
Controlling or the maximal accuracy of regulation to valve stroke.
An embodiment according to assembly of the invention provides such as cylinder by means of two forks
The lift range variable regulation of two inlet valves, the two fork connects each other by means of engagement axis
Connect.Preferably, the described axis between two forks provides and run in slotted link
Roller.Slotted link is connected with cylinder cover and housing the most respectively, and respectively
It is a part and the part for housing of cylinder cover.Thus, such as can determine that out by means of circular arc
The profile of groove connecting rod, this circular arc has at roller cam-follower (for the device of actuating of valve)
Roller axis on the center of circle and such as according to fork roller one or several diameter limit
Radius.
By the two of camshaft actuated forks thus by means of the eccentric around eccentric shaft swing and
Motion.Accordingly, for according to assembly of the invention, it is possible to by means of the rotation of eccentric shaft,
Individually with independent of a neighbouring or multiple neighbouring fork, by means of the eccentric of eccentric shaft,
Regulating swing point and the center of rotation of each indivedual fork, this eccentric shaft is connected with fork.By
This, the scalable lift of eccentric shaft preferably approximates 3.5mm, and is suitable, thus
Preferably regulate valve stroke from 0 to 10mm.
About fork around the rotary motion of eccentric shaft, it is important that admirably distribution fork quality and
Balance in such a way, thus it is the lowest and also will not to act on the contact force on eccentric shaft
Increase with the increase of internal-combustion engine rotational speed.
Such as, this can be supported by the appropriate structuring of fork, and fork is not by the material system being full of whereby
Making, but have cavity, these cavitys reduce quality or also reduce size.Additionally, fork
Center of rotation should be close to the barycenter that should be maybe fork.
Particularly the regulation of the valve stroke of two inlet valves of cylinder is described the most variable and independent
Probability has important value, and especially for having every cylinder Four valve, preferably two are entered
Valve and two exhaust valves, internal combustion engine be respectively used to every pair of valve because can individually regulate
The valve stroke of each indivedual valves of (having a pair inlet valve and a pair exhaust valve respectively) is gentle
Door opening time.In extreme circumstances, each valve can individually run with zero lift, this energy
Such as associated cylinder is caused to be run only by means of an inlet valve or an exhaust valve.Valve stroke
Bent preferably by means of the cam contour form of camshaft and the work of fork with valve opening time
The form of line determines.As a result, this such as can be with the valve stroke for only 0.25mm in approximation
Valve opening time in the free-runing operation of the crankshaft angles of 90 ° is consistent, whereby the song of approximation 320 °
Shaft angle degree is possible for full valve stroke, the most also realizes good free-runing operation quality.
In a further advantageous embodiment, there is the internal combustion engine according to assembly of the invention and be suitable to example
As the rotating speed with 8,500 turns the most per minute runs.In this embodiment, for each gas
Door independently can control or regulate valve opening time and valve stroke entirely changeably.If in such as
Combustion engine is run under free-runing operation, then valve stroke is approximately 0.3mm, and when valve is opened
Between thus corresponding with the approximation crankshaft angles of 90 °.For full load, valve stroke corresponds to
Such as 9mm, valve is opened with the crankshaft angles of 320 ° whereby.
The most in a preferred embodiment, the rotation at the eccentric shaft of approximation 120 ° issues the zero of angry door
Lift is to the regulation of maximum lift.Thus, maximum valve holding torque and the valve of eccentric shaft is adjusted
Joint moment is approximation 4Nm recorded for two valves.
In a further advantageous embodiment, valve opening time can together with valve stroke with have
One or several gas handling system of complete variable adjustable length changes relevantly, and this causes significantly
Torque improves.Also can compress with for the variable cylinder in internal combustion engine according to assembly of the invention
System combine.
The lift range variable that another convenient embodiment of the present invention relates to heat engine controls system
System, this heat engine has lower cam axle, loads at least one inlet valve and/or exhaust valve and depends on
Rely the valve stroke and the regulation of opening time relied on rotating speed and the indivedual vapour for internal combustion engine
The closedown of cylinder, wherein cam-actuated fork and rocking arm by means of camshaft are by means of being engaged to
Activating inlet valve and exhaust valve in other fork or rocking arm, lower cam axle is by means of pushing away whereby
Bar drives fork through hydraulic valve gap setting element, and this fork has curved profile, this curve
Profile runs on the roller of intermediate bar, and this intermediate bar is moveable by means of two rollers, and these are two years old
Individual roller is arranged on an axis in slotted link, these slotted link in a position-stable manner with vapour
Cylinder cap is connected, and intermediate bar supports with mesh regional (profile) at adjusting rod whereby, regulation
Bar is the most directed, and rolls for the working curve on the roller of cam-follower,
And cam-follower acts on the gas of hydraulic regulation element and heat engine by means of mesh regional whereby
Men Shang, these mesh regionals are respectively provided bottom side.
Preferably, by means of the district of working curve of the mobile regulation intermediate bar of adjusting rod,
In the rotation of camshaft, intermediate bar is used together with the roller of cam-follower.Whereby, regulation gas
Door lift and depend on its inlet valve and the opening time of exhaust valve.
The most especially working curve of fork determines the opening characteristic of valve, and working curve is special
Being to be constructed in such a way by several indivedual districts, thus the firstth district determines zero lift, it is borrowed
The circular arc at the center helping the roller around intermediate bar limits, and is the secondth district after it, second district's limit
Surely open slope, and be part-lift district and full lift district after it, whereby each district by
It is connected to each other in knuckle radius；And in whole curve district, place spline, in order to do not have
Impact the curve district that is connected to each other.
Moreover it is preferred that the projection by means of camshaft, the curved profile by means of fork
And the working curve by means of intermediate bar, the opening characteristic of valve is confirmable.
Preferred embodiment is seen wherein: be arranged in the most in a known way on intermediate bar
Working curve be now arranged on cam-follower；And cam-follower in preliminary roller is
Between the composition part of bar.
In another embodiment, fork has help roll, this help roll with at slotted link
The roller of the intermediate bar run directly contacts.
Embodiment is seen wherein the most easily: intermediate bar is by supporting leg spring or by having
The slotted link of side line is directed axially.
Another preferred embodiment is seen wherein: intermediate bar is with the circular contour at adjusting rod
Supporting, the most described profile also can support the roller being embedded in friction bearing or anti-friction bearing.
Another the most easily embodiment be: adjusting rod present such as circular arc, recessed, rise
And the contact profile of tilted shape, because the form of the contact profile by means of adjusting rod, especially
Also the acceleration of the valve of internal combustion engine is affected.
In there is internal combustion engine of several inlet valve and exhaust valve embodiment, there is difference
Valve stroke the valve that is connected from different opening times whereby are thus by means of several adjusting rod quilts
Regulation, these adjusting rods are adjustable by means of each executor, be correspondingly arranged value by means of
Process control engine characteristics or by means of program-controlled model calculate.
The major advantage of the described variable valve lift control system of diesel engine includes wherein: borrow
Help the unit control of the such as valve stroke of two inlet valves, the song of flowing in cylinder can be regulated
Roll over, and the major advantage of four-stroke engine includes wherein: such as at two inlet valves
In the case of, vapour In-Cylinder Flow can be regulated in one way, i.e. make to directly inject fuel to combustion
Burn the Fuelinjection nozzle in room favourable in wide operating range.Directly injection fuel inlet valve with
Have lower cam axle valve operating mechanism be combined with beneficially Fuelinjection nozzle in combustor
The new probability of layout because the restriction by means of overhead camshaft axle does not exists.
The convenient alternative of embodiment is seen wherein: save regulating element；Or only apply
One valve clearance regulating element.
Additionally, it is also preferred that, it is provided that by aluminum or the intermediate bar that formed by titanium alloy.
Convenient embodiment additionally is seen wherein: or all rollers are embedded in anti-friction bearing；
Or roller is embedded in anti-friction bearing and friction bearing；And fork is embedded in anti-friction bearing or friction
In bearing.
New variable valve lift control system for the heat engine for having lower cam axle is required
: thus can rely on the ground one or more inlet valves of regulation and/or row with rotating speed in load dependency ground
The valve stroke of valve；Be associated with valve stroke ground simultaneously, also regulates the opening time of valve；
And additionally by means of the regulation of zero lift of valve, the individual cylinder of internal combustion engine can be closed.By
Realize reducing fuel consumption in this mode.
The present invention additionally relates to one preferably bifurcated fork, this bifurcated fork have determine profile,
Working curve and at least one roller.Described fork can preferably selectively or with fork in combination
Application, fork has the roller replacing determining profile.When carrying out, there is no roller and replace it to provide
Determine that profile has several advantage.Roller fixed wheel exterior feature really is replaced to reduce the weight of fork and increase
Its rigidity.Economy including the roller of the axis relevant with roller, bearing and manufacturing cost is further
Cause the overall lower cost of fork.But, more significant advantage is for lift range variable
The raising of the function precision according to assembly of the invention of regulation or valve lift control system.As
Fruit replaces roller to provide and determine profile, then omitting the tolerance of boring, this tolerance is for roll axis
And the tolerance being used for the suitable bearing of roller is required.Additionally, such as, profile can be in clamping
Middle processing or production, this saves manufacturing time and manufacturing cost.Determine finally, for having
The fork of profile, realizes relatively low high on-load pressure: such as in fork-regulating element-contact,
Eccentric shaft or adjusting rod can be applied as regulating element.In principle, form or the shape of profile is
Can unrestricted choice, and in addition to flat slide plate, also present protruding or recessed slide plate or a combination thereof.
Thus, spherical curvature plane is imaginabale, in order to form linear contact lay and variable the connecing of point cantact
The form of touching.
Applying according to assembly of the invention of variable adjustment for valve stroke has top
In the internal combustion engine of camshaft and have in the internal combustion engine of lower cam axle, the most such as by means of
One or more adjusting rods or one or more single-piece or many parts eccentric shaft carry out the tune of fork
Joint, this adjusting rod or eccentric shaft are by suitable actuator driven, as such as holding according to the present invention
Row device technology, and regulate dress by means of the camshaft in inlet valve side and/or exhaust valve side whereby
Putting, the auxiliary adjustment of camshaft is possible.
Below, the present invention is illustrated by means of preferred embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Represent:
Fig. 1 is according to the axonometric chart of the valve lift system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 eccentric shaft in cross section；
Fig. 3 has the eccentric shaft of eccentric in cross section, these eccentrics stagger ground cloth
Put；
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of executor according to the present invention in axonometric chart；
Fig. 5-11 has the executor's of hydraulic regulation element in different switching positions and figure
Embodiment；
Figure 12 is according to another embodiment of assembly of the invention；
Figure 13-19 has the executor of hydraulic regulation element in different switching positions and figure
Additional embodiment；
Figure 20 is according to another axonometric chart of assembly of the invention；
Figure 21 illustrates another eccentric shaft with sectional view；
Figure 22 illustrates another eccentric shaft with eccentric with sectional view, and these are inclined
Heart wheel is arranged with staggering；
The opening characteristic of Figure 23 valve；
The first embodiment of Figure 24 pneumatic door control system；
Figure 25 illustrates first embodiment with transverse views；
Second embodiment of Figure 26 pneumatic door control system；
The 3rd embodiment that Figure 27 valve controls；And
Figure 28 is according to the embodiment of the fork of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 represents the valve of the variable lift regulation of the ventilation door 2 for valve lift apparatus 1
Actuating system, valve lift apparatus 1 presents rotatable eccentric shaft 3, this rotatable eccentric shaft 3
Including several eccentrics 4,5, wherein institute's likely profile of eccentric 4,5 is in a circle,
This circle forms (Fig. 2) by means of the external diameter of the bearing 6,7 of eccentric shaft 3.Eccentric shaft 3 can be worn
The boring that runs through crossed in the cylinder cover material not represented is inserted, and is directly embedded in cylinder cover
Run through in boring.Thus, eccentric shaft 3 can be as can be inserted into eccentric shaft 3 before cylinder cover
One of wall is installed.Eccentric shaft 3 can be embedded in separate housing, and this housing is connected with cylinder cover.?
In housing, embed eccentric shaft 3, fork 9,10, camshaft 8 and slotted link 11 as in advance
Installation unit.It is also possible to embed eccentric shaft 3 by means of the anti-friction bearing in cylinder cover.
The profile of eccentric 4,5 can be formed as any profile, is particularly formed as round, and borrows
The external diameter of the bearing 6,7 helping eccentric shaft 3 limits.Thus, the maximum gauge of eccentric shaft 3 is
Particularly the embedding of the eccentric shaft 3 in cylinder cover and provide, and with to fork 9,10
The beeline swinging point and point of adjustment embeds.Eccentric shaft 3 is parallel to camshaft 8 and arranges.Partially
Mandrel 3 is that hydraulic pressure is adjustable or be adjustable by means of electric motor, and this electric power is sent out
Motivation with camshaft 7 or with the providing with aligning of eccentric shaft 3.Additionally, electric motor
Axis be arranged to the axis with camshaft and parallel or parallel with the axis of eccentric shaft.Thus,
The eccentric 4,5 combined with two or several inlet valves or exhaust valve is relative to one another with angle [alpha]
Arrange (Fig. 3) with staggering, in the position of rotation of eccentric shaft 3, difference is generated for valve 2
Valve stroke.In a cylinder cover, the actuating for inlet valve and exhaust valve provides several bias
In the case of axle 3, then the eccentric shaft 3 of several inlet valves or exhaust valve is at eccentric 4,5
Profile aspect different.The valve 2 of neighbouring cylinder can be by means of fork 9,10 with different inclined
Heart profile activates.Can form differently the camshaft profile for valve 2, these valves 2 belong to
In a cylinder.
The working profile of the fork 9,10 contacted with eccentric shaft 3 can form plane or concave surface or convex
Face.However, it is also possible that, eccentric 4,5 be embedded in friction bearing or anti-friction bearing
In roller contact, in order to reduce friction and abrasion.But, for two kinds of bearings, it is assumed that
Little bearing clearance.The working profile 12 of fork 9 is different from the working profile 13 of the second fork 10
Ground is formed, and they are directly connected to by means of axis 14.
Fig. 4 represents the executor 101 of the lift regulation for door 111,112 of taking a breath, executor
101 are arranged in housing 102.It is electric motor, not detailed table in this embodiment
Executor 101 that is that show and that be arranged in black box, housing 102 is arranged to bottom side rotatable
At eccentric shaft 108, can change with the torsion of eccentric shaft 108, eccentric shaft 108 is embedded in the most detailed
In the known cylinder cover represented.Executor 101 also can be formed as lift Magnet or be formed as to be had
The executor of hydraulic regulation element.According to Fig. 4, executor 101 installs intermediate plate by means of two
103,104, it is fixed at the cylinder cover not represented in detail by means of installation elements, the two is pacified
Clamping sheet 103,104 is specifically positioned relative to each other at the antetheca of housing 102, these peaces
Dress element carries in the recess 105,106 installing intermediate plate 103,104.Additionally, executor
101 are connected with eccentric shaft 108 by means of clutch 107, for actuator motions to eccentric
The transmission of the rotary motion of axle 108.In the case of executor 101 is formed as lift Magnet,
The most described executor also is disposed in black box.Preferably on eccentric shaft 108, provide several
Eccentric 109,110.Eccentric shaft 108 is embedded in the separate housing not represented in detail, or directly
Connecing and be embedded in cylinder cover, housing is connected with cylinder cover whereby.Additionally, in the housing except bias
Outside axle 108, embed fork 113,114.By means of the replacing of different executors 1, valve
Lift regulation conversion for ventilation door 111,112 valve stroke in such a way from stepless
Lift range variable is adjusted to changed in stages and occurs, thus occurs for ventilation door 111,112
The most variable, the most variable, the classification of part at two valve side of valve stroke；Or at two
The changed in stages of valve side.For conversion, it is only necessary to changing executor 101, executor 101
It is connected with eccentric shaft 108 by means of clutch 107.According to different embodiments, executor 101
It is not provided that into and is directly directed at eccentric shaft 108, but, at executor 101 and eccentric shaft 108
Between the intermediate gear box not represented in detail is provided, actuation means 101 is arranged in cylinder whereby
In the upper zone of lid or on antetheca or on rear side.It is provided as electric power executor 101 to send out
In the case of motivation, then electric motor acts directly on eccentric shaft 108.For ventilation
The stepless full lift range variable regulation of door 111,112, by sensor subsidiary valve stroke,
This sensor provides and and represents the most in detail at cylinder cover, needs door 111,112 of taking a breath whereby
Valve stroke position feedback.Changed in stages in the valve stroke to ventilation door 111,112
Conversion occur in the case of, then provide at least from two to four valve positions.In ventilation
The conversion of the complete variable change of the classification changing to valve stroke of the valve stroke of door 111,112
In, eccentric shaft 108 is provided with replaceable clutch 107.
Fig. 5-11 corresponding diagram represents in different switching positions as having two, three and four
The embodiment of the hydraulic actuator 101 of the executor of individual position.
Fig. 5 a and 5b represents executor 101, and executor 101 uses the hydraulic pressure of rotor 115 form
Regulating element forms the executor with two positions.Thus, rotor presents two rotor wings
116,117, and in stator case 119 around pivot center 118 according to Fig. 5 a and 5b
Two switching positions in until stop position 120,121 rotatable.
Fig. 6 a and 6b represents executor 101, and executor 101 uses the hydraulic pressure of rotor 115 form
Regulating element is formed as the executor with two positions.Rotor 115 thus presents the rotor wing
116, and in stator case around pivot center 118 in approximation 300 ° until according to figure
Stop position 120,121 in two switching positions of 6a and 6b is rotatable.
Fig. 7 represents for a wing executor with for connecting 4/2 directional control valve 122 of A and B
Illustrative example, thus, the directional control valve 122 for the actuating of executor 101 can position
In executor 101, coaxial preferably for executor's centrage.Executor 101 is preferably
Formed by plastics.Executor 101 is provided with the hydraulic fluid pressure from cycle of engine, uses whereby
Directional control valve 122 in the actuating of executor 101 is arranged at cylinder cover, and specifically
It is positioned in executor 101, coaxial preferably for executor's centrage 118.
Fig. 8 a, 8b, 8c represent executor 101, executor 101 with have the rotor wing 116,
The internal rotor 115 of 117 and the hydraulic regulation element of outer rotor 123 form are formed as having three
The executor of position, internal rotor 115 and outer rotor 123 in stator case 119 around rotary shaft
Line 118 in three switching positions according to Fig. 8 a, 8b, 8c until the stopping of internal rotor 115
Position 120,121 and until rotatable for the stop position 124,125 of outer rotor 123.
Fig. 9 represents the executor for having three positions and for connecting 4/2 side of A and B
Illustrative example to control valve 126,127.
Figure 10 a, 10b, 10c, 10d represent executor 101, and executor 101 turns in having
The hydraulic regulation element of son 115 and outer rotor 123 form is formed as the execution with four positions
Device, internal rotor 115 and outer rotor 123 in stator case 119 around pivot center 118 at root
According to rotatable in four switching positions of Figure 10 a, 10b, 10c, 10d.
Figure 11 represents the executor for having four positions and for connecting the 4/2 of A and B
The illustrative example of directional control valve 126,127.
Figure 12 represents according to assembly of the invention, and this device has: camshaft regulation unit 230,
It is preferably provided in the end that camshaft 232 axially extends；Eccentric shaft 208；And
The executor 1 regulated for the lift of door 211 or 212 of taking a breath, it is arranged in housing 202.
Electric motor in this embodiment, do not represent in detail and be arranged in black box, shell
Executor 201 in body 202 is arranged to bottom side at rotatable eccentric shaft 208, can be with bias
The torsion of axle 208 is changed, and eccentric shaft 208 is embedded in the known cylinder cover not represented in detail.Hold
Row device 201 also can be formed as lift Magnet or be formed as the executor with hydraulic regulation element.
According to Figure 12, executor 201, by means of installation elements, specifically installs intermediate plate by means of two
203 and 204, it is arranged at the cylinder cover not represented in detail, the two installs intermediate plate 203 He
204 are specifically positioned relative to each other at the antetheca of housing 202, and these installation elements carry
In the recess 205 and 206 installing intermediate plate 203 and 204.Additionally, executor by means of from
Clutch 207 is connected with eccentric shaft 208, for the rotation of actuator motions to eccentric shaft 208
The transmission of motion.In the case of executor 201 is formed as lift Magnet, then described lift
Magnet also is disposed in black box.Several eccentric 209 is preferably provided on eccentric shaft 208
With 210, such as having the internal combustion engine of the more than one inlet valve of every cylinder.Eccentric shaft 208
Being embedded in separate housing, this separate housing represents the most in detail and is connected with cylinder cover.Except partially
Outside mandrel 208, roller cam-follower 213 and 214 is the most embedding in the housing, roller cam following
Part 213 and 214 acts on ventilation door 211 and 212.By means of eccentric shaft 208, impact
The motion of fork 236 and 238, convex by means respectively of camshaft 232 of fork 236 and 238
Wheel 234 driving.By means of the replacing of different executors 201, for ventilation door 211 and 212
Valve stroke is adjusted to the conversion of the valve stroke regulation of changed in stages from stepless variable valve lift
Occur, thus occur for ventilation door 211 and 212 valve stroke at two valve side
The most variable, part the most variable, changed in stages；Or the changed in stages at two valve side.Right
In conversion, it is only necessary to change executor 201, executor 201 by means of clutch 207 with partially
Mandrel 208 is connected.But according to different embodiments, executor 201 be not provided that into partially
Mandrel 208 is directly directed at, then, between executor 201 and eccentric shaft 208, provide the most detailed
The thin intermediate gear box represented, actuation means 201 is arranged in the upper zone of cylinder cover whereby
Or on antetheca or on rear side.In the case of executor 201 is provided as electric motor,
So electric motor acts directly on eccentric shaft 208.For ventilation door 211 and 212
Stepless full lift range variable regulates, and by sensor subsidiary valve stroke, this sensor carries
For and representing the most in detail at cylinder cover, need the valve liter of ventilation door 211 and 212 whereby
The position feedback of journey.
In the case of the conversion of the changed in stages of the valve stroke to ventilation door 211 and 212,
So provide at least from two to four valve positions.Valve for door 211 and 212 of taking a breath
The conversion of the variable change stepless, complete changing to valve stroke of lift, eccentric shaft 208 is provided with
Replaceable clutch 207.
Figure 13-19 with corresponding diagram represent in different switching positions as have two, three and
The embodiment of the hydraulic actuator 201 of the executor of four positions.
Figure 13 a and 13b represents executor 201, and executor 201 uses the liquid of rotor 215 form
Pressure regulating element is formed as the executor with two positions.Thus, rotor 215 presents two
The rotor wing 216,217, and in stator case 219 around pivot center 218 in 180 °
Until the stop position 220,221 according to Figure 13 a and 13b is rotatable in two switching positions.
Figure 14 a and 14b represents executor 201, and executor 201 uses the liquid of rotor 215 form
Pressure regulating element is formed as the executor with two positions.Thus, rotor 215 presents rotor
The wing 116, and in stator case 219 around pivot center 218 in 270 ° according to Figure 14 a
Rotatable until stop position 220,221 with in the two of 14b switching positions.
Figure 15 represents for a wing executor with for connecting 4/2 directional control valve of A and B
The illustrative example of 222, thus, for directional control valve 222 energy of the actuating of executor 201
It is positioned in executor 201, coaxial preferably for executor's centrage.Executor 201 is excellent
Selection of land is formed by plastics.Executor 201 is provided with the hydraulic fluid pressure from cycle of engine, borrows
This is arranged at cylinder cover for the directional control valve 222 of the actuating of executor 201, and excellent
Selection of land is positioned in executor 201, coaxial preferably for executor's centrage 218.
Figure 16 a, 16b and 16c represent executor 201, and executor 201 is with having the rotor wing
216, the internal rotor 215 of 217 and the hydraulic regulation element of outer rotor 223 form are formed as tool
Have the executor of three positions, internal rotor 215 and outer rotor 223 in stator case 219 around
Pivot center 218 is straight in three switching positions according to Figure 16 a, 16b, 16c in 180 °
To the stop position 220,221 of internal rotor 215 with until the stopping position for outer rotor 223
Put 224,225 rotatable.
Figure 17 represents the executor for having three positions and for connecting the 4/2 of A and B
The illustrative example of directional control valve 226,227.
Figure 18 a, 18b, 18c and 18d represent executor 201, and executor 201 is interior with having
The hydraulic regulation element of rotor 215 and outer rotor 223 form is formed as having holding of four positions
Row device, internal rotor 215 and outer rotor 223 exist around pivot center 218 in stator case 219
In four switching positions according to Figure 18 a, 18b, 18c, 18d rotatable.
Figure 19 represents the executor for having four positions and for connecting the 4/2 of A and B
The illustrative example of directional control valve 226,227.
Figure 20 represents two ventilations door 312 and 314 (such as two inlet valves) for cylinder
Lift range variable regulation according to assembly of the invention 310, device 310 presents rotatable
Eccentric shaft 316, rotatable eccentric shaft 316 is in this embodiment by two eccentric shaft portion 318
Building with 320, the two eccentric shaft portion 318 and 320 is coaxially arranged toward each other, borrows
The integral part of this eccentric 322 preferably eccentric shaft portion 318, and one partially
The integral part of heart wheel 324 preferably eccentric shaft portion 320.Placed coaxial and energy
Two eccentric shaft portion 318 and 320 of motion are all at a link position 330 independently of one another
Contact with each other, can observe from the outside.In principle, described position is provided that at two eccentrics 322
And any position between 324.For stability reasons, link position 330 provides into
At one position of bearings, but, this position is generally not enforceable.Preferably, eccentric
Institute's likely locations of contours of wheel 322 and 324 is in a circle, and this circle is by means of eccentric shaft 316
Bearing 326 and 328 external diameter formed (comparing Figure 21).Eccentric shaft 316 may pass through not
The boring that runs through in the cylinder cover material represented is inserted, and is directly embedded in running through in cylinder cover
In boring.Thus, eccentric shaft 316 can be as can be inserted into the eccentric shaft 316 antetheca from cylinder cover
One of install.Preferably, eccentric shaft 316 is embedded in separate housing (not shown), this housing
It is connected with cylinder cover.In the housing, eccentric shaft 316, fork 332 and 324, one are embedded convex
Wheel shaft 336 and slotted link 338 are as Premounted unit.It is also possible to by means of at cylinder cover
Interior anti-friction bearing embeds eccentric shaft 316.
The profile of eccentric 322 and 324 can be formed as any profile, is particularly formed as round,
And limited by the external diameter of the bearing 326 and 328 of eccentric shaft 316.Thus, particularly, partially
The maximum gauge of mandrel 316 provides for the bearing of the eccentric shaft 316 in cylinder cover, and
Preferably, embed with the beeline swinging point and point of adjustment to fork 332 and 324.Excellent
Selection of land, eccentric shaft 316 is parallel to camshaft 336 and arranges.
Staggered for each eccentric shaft portion 318 and 320, executor 340 preferably by
It is connected with eccentric shaft 316 in clutch element 342.It is thus preferable that executor 340
Arrange in the way of being directed at the pivot center 344 of eccentric shaft 316.Executor 340 by means of
Housing 346 is protected, and can be connected with cylinder cover and housing respectively, in the housing by means of
Suitable erecting device 348 embeds eccentric shaft 316.Such as, executor 340 can present for
Staggered or the hydraulic pressure of regulation of the angle of eccentric shaft 316, electric or calutron.Except mention
Outside device, optional apparatus and the combination mentioning device are also imaginabale.Executor 340
Adjustment axis can further provide for into and paralleling or equal with eccentric shaft axis with camshaft axis
OK.
Due to eccentric 322 and 324 can with stagger (comparing Figure 22) with angle [alpha] toward each other
Such as two or more several inlet valve or exhaust valve arrange in combination, in eccentric shaft portion
In the turned position of 318 and 320, different valve liters can be produced for valve 312 with 314
Journey.
Several eccentric shafts 316 are provided for inlet valve and activating of exhaust valve in a cylinder cover
In the case of, then the eccentric shaft 316 of several inlet valves or exhaust valve is at eccentric 322 and 324
Profile aspect different.The valve of two neighbouring cylinders can be by means of fork 332 and 334 with not
Same eccentric profile activates.For belonging to the valve 312 and 314 of a cylinder, also can be different
Ground forms the camshaft profile of camshaft 336.
Work with the fork 332 and 334 that the eccentric 322 and 324 of eccentric shaft 316 contacts
Make profile and can form plane, concave surface or convex surface.However, it is also possible that, eccentric 322
With 324 such as by means of friction bearing or anti-friction bearing be embedded in corresponding fork 332 and 334
In roller contact, in order to reduce friction and abrasion.But, for two kinds of bearings, it is assumed that
Little bearing clearance.
Each of fork 332 and 334 presents working profile, this working profile with for valve
The device 350 and 352 activated is meshed.As the device 350 and 352 for valve actuation,
Such as can application roll cam-follower, as in fig. 20 represent as.For valve actuation
The motion of the corresponding forks 332 or 334 of two devices 350 and 352 be delivered to valve 312 or
On one of 314.Moreover it is preferred that to provide valve cleaning regulating element 354 and 356.
In another embodiment not represented, fork can present the roller replacing working profile, and
And the device being used for valve actuation can present working profile.In two embodiments described, all
Different fork or the working profile of the different device for valve actuation can be form differently, this
A little different forks are preferably connected to each other directly by means of axis 358.
Fork 332 and 334 presses to camshaft 336 by means of spring 360.
For also changing the valve operating mechanism of opening time together with valve stroke, according to figure
23, also load dependency and rotating speed can rely on that ground regulation is upper cuts (overcutting) and import closedown
Time.In particular, it is possible to: cut minimum to improve free-runing operation on making in free-runing operation
Quality；By means of cutting in valve stroke control and therewith in part load operation scope
Residue gas fraction；And by means of the control of IC Intake Valve Closes, torque and property are improved for full load
Energy.This realizes by means of the first embodiment of valve lift control system, and this valve stroke controls
System representation in fig. 24, has feature a, b, c and the d represented in fig 23.Because
For the neostigma operating mechanism according to the present invention, need not consider free-runing operation quality with
Coordination between big performance, because situation was respectively for the fixing upper control time cut and determine,
For high rotating speed, valve stroke also can continuously and have an opening time, and this is for sport car
(sport) electromotor is the most universal, and sport car electromotor may be placed on any free-runing operation quality
On one side.
Improve according to this by means of the auxiliary phase sliding device on camshaft about fuel consumption
The effectiveness of bright technical scheme, by means of this auxiliary phase sliding device in load operating range
Additionally improve the fuel consumption in the range of part load operation, and not by means of early stage air-breathing
The obstruction closed.The phase slip device being used on camshaft, urges for cold engine with for cold
Agent, can move outlet diffusion or the opening time of exhaust valve, thus rich energy flow of exhaust enters
In catalyst and quickly heatable catalyst.
There is lift range variable and depend on the valve stroke of the open hour that valve stroke regulates
The first embodiment of operating mechanism represents in fig. 24.Lower cam axle 401 is by means of push rod
403 and drive fork 404 by means of hydraulic valve gap setting element 402.Fork 404 has
Curved profile 414, this curved profile runs on the roller 413 of intermediate bar 409.Thus, in
Between bar 409 be embedded on axis 418.In the end (Figure 25) of axis 418, arrange two
Roller 415.Thus, two rollers 415 run in slotted link 410, these slotted link 410
It is connected with cylinder cover in a position-stable manner.Intermediate bar 409 supports the most directed regulation
At bar 411, and roll on the roller 408 of cam-follower 407 with working curve 416,
Cam-follower 407 is embedded at housing.Cam-follower 407 is supported on hydraulic regulation element 406
With on the valve 405 of heat engine.By means of the movement of adjusting rod 411, turning at camshaft 401
Disorder of internal organs regulates the working curve 416 of intermediate bar 409 by the roller 408 of cam-follower 407
District.Thus, regulate the valve stroke of valve 405 and depend on its opening time.Intermediate bar
The working curve 416 of 409 is constructed by several indivedual districts.Such as, a district describes so-called zero
Lift, it limits by means of the circular arc at the center around roller 413.It is to limit to open tiltedly after it
The district on slope, has part-lift district and full lift district after it.Each districts all are by means of transition
Radius is connected to each other.Then, placing spline in whole district, it does not connects with impacting each other
Meet all curve districts.In a similar manner, the curved profile 414 of fork 404 is formed.By means of
The projection of camshaft 401, by means of the curved profile 414 of fork 404 and by means of intermediate bar
The working curve 416 of 409, determines the opening characteristic of the Figure 23 according to cam mechanism.
In the second embodiment according to Figure 26, working curve 416 is arranged in cam-follower
At 407, and roller 408 is the composition part of intermediate bar 409.Additionally, intermediate bar 409
It is supported at adjusting rod 411 with circular contour 419 according to Figure 26.In another non-example embodiment
In, described profile also can be supported on roller, and this roller is embedded in friction bearing or anti-friction bearing.
In the 3rd embodiment according to Figure 27, fork 404 has roller 412, and this roller 412 is straight
Connect and run together with the roller 413 of intermediate bar 409.Intermediate bar 409 can pass through supporting leg spring 417
Or be directed axially by the slotted link 410 with side line 421.Real in another non-demonstration
Executing in example, adjusting rod 411 is also provided that another kind of profile, such as circular arc, recessed, rising
And inclination shape, whereby by means of profile 419 and the contact wheel of adjusting rod 411 of intermediate bar 409
The form of wide 420, the most also affects the acceleration of the valve 405 of internal combustion engine.
In another non-example embodiment, for having the internal combustion of several inlet valve and exhaust valve
Machine, can be with different valve strokes with related to this control valve with different opening times.
Then, this can be carried out by means of several adjusting rods 411, and these adjusting rods 411 are by means of each
Executor controls.Thus, by means of process control characteristics figure or by means of program-controlled model,
Calculating is correspondingly arranged value.Also the control of valve stroke can be carried out by means of demonstration eccentric shaft several, non-
System.For diesel engine, by means of the unit control of the valve stroke of such as two inlet valves, energy
Control the complications of flowing in cylinder.
In the case of a four stroke engine, by the unit control of such as two inlet valves, energy
Regulation vapour In-Cylinder Flow in such a way, so that directly injecting fuel in combustor
Fuelinjection nozzle favourable in wide operating range.Directly the fuel inlet valve of injection with have under
The valve operating mechanism of portion's camshaft be combined with beneficially Fuelinjection nozzle layout in combustor
New probability because the restriction by means of overhead camshaft axle does not exists.
The convenient alternative of embodiment is seen wherein: or save regulating element；Or no
Application valve clearance regulating element, and intermediate bar formed by aluminum or by titanium alloy.
Convenient embodiment additionally is seen wherein: or all rollers are embedding by means of anti-friction bearing
Enter；Or roller embeds by means of anti-friction bearing and friction bearing；And fork is by means of friction resistant
Bearing or friction bearing embed.
Due to environment, another convenient embodiment is seen wherein: need not apply regulating element；
And so valve clearance is mechanical adjustable joint at fork.
Figure 28 represents being preferable to carry out of the fork 500 according to the present invention with working curve 510
Example, working curve 510 acts in the device (not shown) for activating valve, as such as
Act on roller cam-follower.The advantage of the fork 500 presented is flat profile 520, by
Being supported on regulating element in flat profile 520 fork, this regulating element changes in its rotating operation
The heart, as such as adjusting rod or eccentric shaft (not shown).Substantially, the form of profile is freely
Selectable, as long as being adapted to ensure that the contact for regulating element, particularly in the mode of operation phase
Between.An end at fork 500, it is provided that recess, this recess is suitable to carry axis,
Roller is preferably arranged on this axis.Such as, the cam of described roller contact camshaft.At Figure 28
The fork 500 of middle expression preferably acts as fork in a device in accordance with the invention, as in the past
Shown in the figure described.
List of numerals:
1 valve lift apparatus
2 valves
3 eccentric shafts
4 eccentrics
5 eccentrics
The external diameter of the bearing of 6 eccentric shafts
The external diameter of the bearing of 7 eccentric shafts
8 camshafts
9 forks
10 forks
11 slotted link
The working profile of 12 forks
The working profile of 13 forks
The axis of 14 forks
101 executors
102 housings
103 installation elements
104 installation elements
105 recesses in installation elements
106 recesses in installation elements
107 clutches
108 eccentric shafts
109 eccentrics
110 eccentrics
111 ventilation doors
112 ventilation doors
113 forks
114 forks
115 rotors
The 116 rotor wings
The 117 rotor wings
118 pivot centers
119 stator cases
120 stop positions in stator case
121 stop positions in stator case
122 directional control valves
123 outer rotors
124 stop positions in outer rotor
125 stop positions in outer rotor
126 directional control valves
127 directional control valves
201 executors
202 housings
203 installation elements
204 installation elements
205 recesses in installation elements
206 recesses in installation elements
207 clutches
208 eccentric shafts
209 eccentrics
210 eccentrics
211 ventilation doors
212 ventilation doors
213 roller cam-followers
214 roller cam-followers
215 rotors
The 216 rotor wings
The 217 rotor wings
218 pivot centers
219 stator cases
220 stop positions in stator case
221 stop positions in stator case
222 directional control valves
223 outer rotors
224 stop positions in outer rotor
225 stop positions in outer rotor
226 directional control valves
227 directional control valves
230 camshaft regulation unit
232 camshafts
234 cams
236 forks
238 forks
310 devices regulated for variable lift
312 ventilation doors
314 ventilation doors
316 eccentric shafts
318 eccentric shaft portion
320 eccentric shaft portion
322 eccentrics
324 eccentrics
The external diameter of the bearing of 326 eccentric shafts
The external diameter of the bearing of 328 eccentric shafts
330 link positions
332 forks
334 forks
336 camshafts
338 slotted link
340 executors
342 clutch elements
344 pivot centers
346 housings
348 erecting devices
350 devices being used for valve actuation
352 devices being used for valve actuation
354 valve clearance regulating elements
356 valve clearance regulating elements
The axis of 358 forks
360 springs
401 camshafts
402 valve clearance regulating elements
403 push rods
404 forks
405 valves
406 regulating elements
407 cam-followers
The roller of 408 cam-followers 407
409 intermediate bars
410 slotted link
411 adjusting rods
The roller of 412 forks 404
The roller of 413 intermediate bars 409
The curved profile of 414 forks 404
415 rollers
The working curve of 416 intermediate bars 409
417 supporting leg springs
418 axis
The profile of 419 intermediate bars 409
The contact profile of 420 adjusting rods 411
The side line of 421 slotted link
500 forks
510 working curves
520 profiles
530 recesses
Claims (10)
1. the device (310) regulated for the lift range variable of the ventilation door (312,314) of internal combustion engine, including:
At least one fork (332,334), it is operation in the slotted link (338) activated by means of camshaft (336),
For the device (350,352) of valve actuation, it engages with fork (332,334),
Spring (360), it presses against fork (332,334) on camshaft (336), and
Many parts eccentric shaft (316) for the regulation of valve stroke, wherein, each eccentric shaft portion of described many parts eccentric shaft can individually and regulate independent of other eccentric shaft portion (318,320), and each eccentric shaft portion (318,320) has eccentric (322,324).
Device the most according to claim 1 (310), it presents push rod, intermediate bar and regulating element between camshaft (336) and fork (332,334).
Device the most according to claim 1 and 2 (310), wherein: eccentric shaft (316) and eccentric (322,324) have coaxial configuration.
Device the most according to claim 1 and 2 (310), wherein: the shape of eccentric (322,324) is identical or different from each other.
Device the most according to claim 1 and 2 (310), wherein: the eccentric shaft portion (318,320) of eccentric shaft (316) is adjustable by means of at least one executor (340).
Device the most according to claim 1 and 2 (310), wherein: in use, in cylinder cover, it is provided that several inlet valves for activating described ventilation door and the eccentric shaft (316) of exhaust valve.
Device the most according to claim 1 and 2 (310), wherein: for the eccentric (322,324) of ventilation door (312,214) the offer multi-form of neighbouring cylinder.
8. the method regulated for the lift range variable of the ventilation door (312,314) of internal combustion engine, use according to the device (310) described in any one of claim 1 to 7, wherein: each eccentric (322,324) can regulate by other eccentric (322,324) individually with independent of eccentric shaft (316).
Method the most according to claim 8, wherein: each eccentric shaft portion (318,320) of eccentric shaft (316) regulates together with corresponding eccentric (322,324) by means of one or several executor.
10. internal combustion engine, has at least one according to the device (310) described in any one of claim 1 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10314683A DE10314683B4 (en) | 2003-03-29 | 2003-03-29 | Variable valve lift control for a combustion engine with a bottom camshaft |
| DE10314683.0 | 2003-03-29 | ||
| DE10323665A DE10323665B4 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Variable valve lifting device for stroke adjustment of the gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
| DE10323665.1 | 2003-05-14 | ||
| DE10352677.3 | 2003-11-03 | ||
| DE10352677A DE10352677A1 (en) | 2003-11-03 | 2003-11-03 | Variable valve lift device for internal combustion engine, has rotatable eccentric shaft having eccentrics contours positioned within circle formed by external diameter of bearings of eccentric shaft |
| DE102004001343A DE102004001343A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2004-01-08 | Variable valve lift device for internal combustion engine, has rotatable eccentric shaft having eccentrics contours positioned within circle formed by external diameter of bearings of eccentric shaft |
| DE102004001343.8 | 2004-01-08 | ||
| DE102004003327.7 | 2004-01-22 | ||
| DE102004003327A DE102004003327A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2004-01-22 | Variable valve lift device for internal combustion engine, has rotatable eccentric shaft having eccentrics contours positioned within circle formed by external diameter of bearings of eccentric shaft |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800113790A Division CN1802490B (en) | 2003-03-29 | 2004-03-26 | Variable valve lift control system for a combustion engine with underneath camshaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102364065A CN102364065A (en) | 2012-02-29 |
| CN102364065B true CN102364065B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4223172C1 (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1993-08-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De | Cylinder head for IC engine - bearing cover for cam shaft bearing also acts for bearing for eccentric shaft |
| CN1173214A (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1998-02-11 | 莫蒂夫控股有限公司 | Variable valve lift mechanism for internal combustion engine |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4223172C1 (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1993-08-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De | Cylinder head for IC engine - bearing cover for cam shaft bearing also acts for bearing for eccentric shaft |
| CN1173214A (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1998-02-11 | 莫蒂夫控股有限公司 | Variable valve lift mechanism for internal combustion engine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20161214 Termination date: 20210326 |